CN115449406B - Biomass gasification system with solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforcement - Google Patents
Biomass gasification system with solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforcement Download PDFInfo
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- CN115449406B CN115449406B CN202210863678.7A CN202210863678A CN115449406B CN 115449406 B CN115449406 B CN 115449406B CN 202210863678 A CN202210863678 A CN 202210863678A CN 115449406 B CN115449406 B CN 115449406B
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
- F26B17/04—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/12—Electrodes present in the gasifier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1284—Heating the gasifier by renewable energy, e.g. solar energy, photovoltaic cells, wind
- C10J2300/1292—Heating the gasifier by renewable energy, e.g. solar energy, photovoltaic cells, wind mSolar energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
Abstract
The biomass gasification system comprises a photo-thermal loop and a photoelectric loop, wherein a heat storage device stores heat energy and transfers the heat energy to a biomass gasification furnace and a material drying box in a gradient manner, and finally the heat energy is transferred to a user side; gasifying biomass materials through pyrolysis and oxidation-reduction reaction by a biomass gasifier to prepare fuel synthesis gas; an electric field of ionized air is formed between the grounding ring and the tungsten electrode, and cations orderly move towards the grounding ring under the action of the electric field force so as to generate ion wind; the material drying box is communicated with the material inlet to throw in the dried biomass material, and is in heat transfer connection with the heat storage device to dry the biomass material in a second temperature range; the photovoltaic panel array converts solar energy into electric energy through photoelectric conversion; the inverter is connected with the solar photovoltaic panel array to boost voltage and supply power to the photo-thermal loop through direct current and alternating current conversion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of clean energy coupling and cascade utilization, and particularly relates to a biomass gasification system reinforced by solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling.
Background
The energy demand of the human society is increased, on one hand, the fossil energy resources mainly used at the present stage are limited, on the other hand, the large-scale use of fossil energy causes the problems of climate warming, air pollution and the like, and adverse effects are caused on the society and the environment, so that the search of renewable energy sources meeting the requirements of sustainable development becomes a focus of attention of the whole society. The energy system upgrading and the supply and demand system optimization are driven, the social development and the technical progress are supported, the world energy transformation process is accelerated, and sustainable energy supply and active coping with climate change are realized. The third energy transformation stage is mainly developed in the direction and content of realizing low carbonization of energy and large-scale new energy and greatly reducing carbon emission.
Biomass has low dependence on regions and climate, sufficient resources and high economy, is easy to store and convert into liquid, gas fuel, electric energy, heat energy and other energy forms, and can neutralize combustion solid C and discharged CO through photosynthesis 2 Is a widely accepted zero-carbon energy source. Therefore, biomass can be considered as the most promising of all renewable energy sources such as solar energy, and is the fourth largest energy source following coal, oil, and natural gas. In addition, the solar energy is taken as a renewable resource, has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, abundant content, convenient collection and utilization, high economic benefit and the like, and can be fully utilized through photoelectric and photo-thermal conversion. Therefore, the biomass gasification system with the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforcement is constructed, the complementary utilization of multiple energy sources can be realized, and the biomass gasification system has important significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.
In the scheme of preparing natural gas by mixing and gasifying solar energy biomass, a prefabricated biomass particle raw material is sent into a biomass gasification reaction furnace to perform thermochemical gasification reaction, and then the synthetic gas is sent into a methanation reaction unit to react to generate methane after tar ash impurities and carbon dioxide are removed. When biomass particles are gasified, solar energy and partial biomass particles are used as heat sources for heat supply together. But the invisible heat energy supplies heat to a heat-utilization end with lower heat-utilization temperature, such as a biomass material drying box, a user and the like, and the gradient utilization degree of the heat energy is not high.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in the country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a biomass gasification system with reinforced solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling, which can realize the combined production of biomass synthesis gas by cascade utilization of electric energy and heat energy and has good environmental protection benefit.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical proposal, a biomass gasification system with reinforced solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling comprises a photo-thermal loop and a photoelectric loop, wherein,
the photo-thermal circuit comprises;
a trough type solar collector which generates heat energy through photo-thermal conversion;
the heat storage device is used for storing the heat energy and transmitting the heat energy to the biomass gasification furnace and the material drying box in a echelon manner, and finally transmitting the heat energy to a user side;
the biomass gasification furnace is used for gasifying biomass materials through pyrolysis and oxidation-reduction reaction to obtain fuel synthesis gas, and comprises the following components;
a housing having a bottom and a top, the housing heat transfer connecting the heat storage device to warm to a first temperature range;
at least one air inlet provided in the bottom or in the side wall of the housing near the bottom;
at least one fuel synthesis gas outlet provided in the top or in the side wall of the housing adjacent the top;
a material inlet provided at the top to introduce biomass material;
the tungsten electrode is arranged at the bottom and is powered by high voltage;
the grounding ring is arranged on the shell and opposite to the tungsten electrode, an electric field for ionizing air is formed between the grounding ring and the tungsten electrode, cations orderly move towards the grounding ring under the action of the electric field force to generate ion wind, and the biomass material is pyrolyzed and oxidized and gasified in the electric field at a first temperature range to obtain fuel synthesis gas;
a material drying box communicated with the material inlet to throw in the dried biomass material, wherein the material drying box is in heat transfer connection with the heat storage device to dry the biomass material in a second temperature range;
the optoelectronic circuit comprises:
a solar photovoltaic panel array that converts solar energy into electric energy through photoelectric conversion;
an inverter connected to the solar photovoltaic panel array to boost the voltage and supply power to the photo-thermal loop via direct current and alternating current conversion.
In the biomass gasification system with the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhancement, the photoelectric loop further comprises;
the first temperature sensor is arranged on the shell to measure and obtain first temperature data, and is electrically connected with the inverter;
the second temperature sensor is arranged in the material drying box to measure and obtain second temperature data, and is electrically connected with the inverter;
a controller connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the hygrometer, the inverter and the heat storage device;
in response to the first temperature data, the controller adjusts the thermal storage device such that the housing is within a first temperature range;
in response to the second temperature data, the controller adjusts the heat storage device such that the material drying oven is within a second temperature range.
In the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforced biomass gasification system, the material drying box is provided with a conveyor belt for inputting biomass materials and a stirrer for stirring the biomass materials, the hygrometer is arranged in the material drying box to obtain humidity data through measurement, the hygrometer is electrically connected with the inverter, and the speed of the conveyor belt and/or the stirring speed of the stirrer are/is adjusted by the controller in response to the humidity data so that the material drying box is in a preset humidity range.
In the biomass gasification system with the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforcement, the preset humidity range is that the water content of the stirred biomass material is 15-30%.
In the biomass gasification system with the reinforced solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling, the air inlet is connected with an air blower, the air blower is connected with the inverter and the controller, and the controller regulates the power of the air blower based on the electric field intensity.
In the biomass gasification system with the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforcement, the material drying box is provided with a one-way push door matched with a conveying belt and an evaporation water outlet for leading out water, and the conveying belt is in heat conduction connection with the heat storage device.
In the biomass gasification system with the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhancement, the heat storage device transfers heat to the biomass gasification furnace and the material drying box in a gradient manner through the heat exchange tube and finally reaches a user side.
In the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforced biomass gasification system, the first temperature range is 700-500 ℃, the second temperature range is 200-100 ℃, and the temperature of a user side is lower than 100 ℃.
In the biomass gasification system with the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhancement, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a pyrolysis area and a drying area are sequentially divided in the shell from a tungsten electrode to a grounding ring.
In the biomass gasification system with the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhancement, the pyrolysis zone is in heat conduction connection with the heat storage device through a heat exchange tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the solar heat collector utilizes the groove type solar heat collector to generate heat in the photo-thermal loop and is provided with a heat storage device. And selecting a flowing working medium with larger specific heat capacity and heat conductivity coefficient, and sequentially sending heat to a pyrolysis section of the biomass gasification furnace, a material drying box and a user side through a heat exchange tube. The temperature of working media flowing through each heat-required end is controlled at 700 ℃, 200 ℃ and 100 ℃ in sequence by using a controller and a sensor, so that the gradient utilization of heat energy is realized. In the photoelectric loop, the solar photovoltaic panel is utilized to generate electric energy and boost the electric energy through the inverter to self-power energy consumption equipment in the system, such as an air blower of a biomass gasification furnace, a tungsten electrode, a drying oven stirrer and the like, or to supply power to an external load of a user side, and external energy input is not needed. A strong electric field can be formed between the tungsten electrode and the grounding ring in the biomass gasification furnace, so that on one hand, air ionization is realized, free radicals are generated to accelerate biomass gasification, and on the other hand, ion wind is formed, thereby being beneficial to discharge of synthesis gas. In a comprehensive view, the system realizes the combined heat and power generation of biomass synthesis gas through cascade utilization of electric energy and heat energy, and has good environmental protection benefit.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It is evident that the figures described below are only some embodiments of the invention, from which other figures can be obtained without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an overall system schematic of a solar photovoltaic-photothermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a biomass gasifier according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a biomass gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of electrical potential distribution within a biomass gasifier according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulated view of ionic wind within a biomass gasifier according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a material drying oven according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a top view of a material dryer according to one embodiment of the present invention.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 7. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. Those of skill in the art will understand that a person may refer to the same component by different names. The description and claims do not identify differences in terms of components, but rather differences in terms of the functionality of the components. As used throughout the specification and claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description hereinafter sets forth a preferred embodiment for practicing the invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as the description proceeds with reference to the general principles of the description. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, reference will now be made to the drawings, by way of example, and specific examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention discloses a biomass gasification system with enhanced solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling, comprising a photo-thermal loop and a photo-electric loop, wherein,
the photo-thermal loop comprises a photo-thermal loop,
a trough solar collector 1 which generates heat energy through photo-thermal conversion,
the heat storage device 2 stores the heat energy and transmits the heat energy to the biomass gasification furnace 4 and the material drying box 7 in a gradient manner, and finally the heat energy is transmitted to a user side;
a biomass gasification furnace 4 for gasifying biomass materials 12 through pyrolysis and oxidation-reduction reaction to obtain fuel synthesis gas, wherein the biomass gasification furnace 4 comprises,
a housing having a bottom and a top, said housing being in heat transfer connection with said heat storage means 2 for warming to a first temperature range,
at least one air inlet 17 provided in the bottom or in the side wall of the housing near the bottom,
at least one fuel synthesis gas outlet 15 provided in the top or in the side wall of the housing near the top,
a material inlet 3 provided at the top for introducing biomass material 12,
a tungsten electrode 6 provided at the bottom, the tungsten electrode 6 being supplied with high voltage,
the grounding ring 5 is arranged on the shell and opposite to the tungsten electrode 6, an electric field of ionized air is formed between the grounding ring 5 and the tungsten electrode 6, cations orderly move towards the grounding ring 5 under the action of the electric field force to generate ion wind, the biomass material 12 is pyrolyzed and oxidized and reduced in the electric field under the first temperature range to be gasified to obtain fuel synthesis gas,
a material drying oven 7 communicating with the material inlet 3 for feeding the dried biomass material 12, the material drying oven 7 being in heat transfer connection with the heat storage device 2 for drying the biomass material 12 in a second temperature range,
the optoelectronic circuit comprises:
a solar photovoltaic panel array 9 that converts solar energy into electric energy through photoelectric conversion;
an inverter 10 which connects the solar photovoltaic panel array 9 to boost the voltage and supplies power to the photo-thermal circuit via direct current and alternating current conversion.
In a preferred embodiment of the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system, the photovoltaic loop further comprises,
a first temperature sensor provided in the housing to measure first temperature data, the first temperature sensor being electrically connected to the inverter 10,
a second temperature sensor arranged in the material drying box 7 for measuring second temperature data, the second temperature sensor is electrically connected with the inverter 10,
a controller connecting the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the hygrometer 23, the inverter 10 and the heat storage device 2,
in response to the first temperature data, the controller adjusts the heat storage device 2 such that the housing is within a first temperature range;
in response to the second temperature data, the controller adjusts the heat storage device 2 such that the material drying oven 7 is within a second temperature range.
In the preferred embodiment of the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system, the material drying box 7 is provided with a conveyor belt 8 for inputting the biomass material 12 and a stirrer 19 for stirring the biomass material 12, a hygrometer 23 is arranged on the material drying box 7 to measure and obtain humidity data, the hygrometer 23 is electrically connected with the inverter 10, and a controller adjusts the speed of the conveyor belt 8 and/or the stirring speed of the stirrer 19 in response to the humidity data so that the material drying box 7 is in a preset humidity range.
In the preferred embodiment of the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system, the predetermined humidity range is 15-30% of the water content of the stirred biomass material 12.
In the preferred embodiment of the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system, the air inlet 17 is connected to an air blower 11, the air blower 11 is connected to the inverter 10 and a controller, and the controller adjusts the power of the air blower 11 based on the electric field intensity.
In the preferred embodiment of the biomass gasification system with enhanced solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling, the material drying box 7 is provided with a one-way push door 20 matched with a conveyor belt 8 and an evaporation water outlet 21 for leading out water, and the conveyor belt 8 is in heat conduction connection with the heat storage device 2.
In the preferred embodiment of the biomass gasification system with enhanced solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling, the heat storage device 2 transfers heat to the biomass gasification furnace 4 and the material drying box 7 in a stepped manner through the heat exchange tube 16, and finally reaches the user side.
In the preferred embodiment of the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforced biomass gasification system, the first temperature range is 700-500 ℃, the second temperature range is 200-100 ℃, and the temperature of the user side is lower than 100 ℃.
In the preferred embodiment of the biomass gasification system with enhanced solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling, the inside of the shell is sequentially divided into an oxidation area, a reduction area, a pyrolysis area and a drying area from the tungsten electrode 6 to the grounding ring 5.
In the preferred embodiment of the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system, the pyrolysis zone is thermally connected to the heat storage device 2 via a heat exchange tube 16.
In one embodiment, a solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system includes a photo-thermal loop and a photo-electrical loop. Wherein the photothermal circuit includes:
a trough type solar collector 1 for converting solar energy into heat energy by photo-thermal conversion;
a high temperature heat storage device 2 for storing heat energy generated by the tank type solar collector 1 through a phase change material;
the biomass gasification furnace 4 is used for gasifying biomass materials 12 through pyrolysis and oxidation-reduction reaction to obtain fuel synthesis gas, so that the biomass energy is effectively utilized;
an air blower 11 for pumping gasifying agent air into the biomass gasification furnace 4;
the material drying box 7 is used for drying biomass materials 12 which are subsequently put into the biomass gasification furnace 4, reducing the water content of the materials and improving the biomass conversion rate and the calorific value of the synthetic gas;
a temperature and humidity meter 23 for monitoring and feeding back the second temperature data and humidity data in the material drying oven 7 in real time;
the heat exchange tube 16 is used for cascade feeding of low-grade heat energy to the heat-required end through thermal convection, heat conduction, heat radiation and other modes.
The optoelectronic circuit comprises:
a solar photovoltaic panel array 9 for converting solar energy into electric energy by photoelectric conversion;
an inverter 10 for boosting a voltage and performing direct current/alternating current voltage conversion to meet a power demand;
the sensor and the controller are used for detecting and stabilizing the temperature of the high-temperature heat exchange working medium sent to each heat-required end.
The photo-thermal loop utilizes the solar heat collector 1 to generate heat energy and store the heat energy in the high-temperature heat storage device 2, and utilizes the heat exchange tube 16 to sequentially transfer the heat energy to the pyrolysis section of the biomass gasification furnace 4 and the material drying box 7, and finally the heat energy is transferred to a user side, so that the gradient utilization of the heat energy is realized. The photovoltaic loop generates electric energy through photoelectric conversion by utilizing a solar photovoltaic panel, and self-powers energy consumption equipment in the system such as an air blower 11 of a biomass gasification furnace 4, a tungsten electrode 6, a drying oven stirrer 19 and the like or powers an external load of a user side after transformation by utilizing an inverter 10, so that external input energy is not needed.
In one embodiment, the tilt angle of each panel in the solar photovoltaic panel array 9 is associated with or the same as the latitude of the location.
In one embodiment, the temperature of the high-temperature heat exchange working medium flowing through the pyrolysis section of the biomass gasification furnace 4, the material drying box 7 and the user side is respectively controlled at 700 ℃, 200 ℃ and 100 ℃ by using a controller and a sensor, so that the gradient utilization of heat energy is realized.
In one embodiment, a material conveying belt 8 is arranged in the material drying box 7, and the rotating speed of the conveying belt 8 is regulated according to the temperature and the humidity in the box, so that the water content of the dried material is kept between 15 and 30 percent. Four air inlets 17 and four synthetic gas outlets 15 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom and the top of the updraft biomass gasification furnace 4 respectively. Tungsten electrodes 6 and a grounding ring 5 are respectively arranged above the air inlet 17 and below the synthetic gas outlet 15 of the updraft biomass gasifier 4. The tungsten electrode 6 is powered by the inverter 10 under high voltage and can form a strong electric field with the grounding ring 5, so that on one hand, air ionization is realized, free radicals are generated to accelerate biomass gasification, and on the other hand, ion wind is formed, thereby being beneficial to discharge of synthesis gas.
In one embodiment, the bottom and top of the updraft biomass gasifier 4 are symmetrically provided with four air inlets 17 and four syngas outlets 15, respectively. The tungsten electrode 6 of the updraft biomass gasifier 4 is powered by the inverter 10 at high voltage, so that air ionization is realized and more free radicals and ion wind are generated.
In one embodiment, the bottom and top of the biomass gasifier 4 are provided with a bottom cover 18 and a top cover 13, respectively.
In one embodiment, the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system includes two loops in total, namely a photo-thermal loop and a photo-electric loop. The photo-thermal loop comprises a groove type solar heat collector 1, a high-temperature heat storage device 2, a biomass gasification furnace 4, an air blower 11, a material drying box 7, a thermometer 22, a hygrometer 23 and a heat exchange tube 16. The photovoltaic loop includes a solar photovoltaic panel array 9, an inverter 10, information acquisition and control devices such as a sensor 24, a controller 25, and the like.
In the preferred example of the biomass gasification system with enhanced solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling, the photo-thermal loop uses the solar heat collector 1 to generate heat energy through photo-thermal conversion and store the heat energy in the high-temperature heat storage device 2, uses the heat exchange tube 16 to sequentially transfer the heat energy to the pyrolysis section of the biomass gasification furnace 4 and the material drying box 7, and finally sends the heat energy to the user side, and uses the controller 24 and the sensor 25 to sequentially control the temperature of the high-temperature heat exchange working medium flowing through each heat-required end at 700 ℃, 200 ℃ and 100 ℃ so as to realize cascade utilization of the heat energy. The photovoltaic loop generates electric energy through photoelectric conversion by utilizing a solar photovoltaic panel 9, and is used for self-powering energy consumption devices in the system such as an air blower 11 of a biomass gasification furnace, a tungsten electrode 6, a drying oven stirrer 19 and the like or supplying power to an external load of a user side after transformation by utilizing an inverter 10, so that external input energy is not needed.
In the preferred example of the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforced biomass gasification system, the bottom 18 and the top 13 of the updraft biomass gasification furnace are symmetrically provided with four air inlets 17 and four synthetic gas outlets 15 respectively. Furthermore, the air inlet upper part 17 and the synthesis gas outlet lower part 15 are provided with tungsten electrodes 6 and a ground ring 5, respectively. The electric field lines 14 are shown in fig. 2.
Electric power in biomass gasification furnaceThe potential distribution diagram is shown in fig. 4, wherein the tungsten electrode 6 is supplied with high voltage by the inverter 10 and forms a strong electric field with the grounding ring 5, and the maximum electric field mode can reach 4.3523 ×106V/m, so that air ionization can be realized. The ionized air reacts with the biomass material 12 to generate more free radicals, which is favorable for biomass pyrolysis and redox reaction, and improves H in the synthesis gas 2 The ratio of CO and tar content is reduced. In addition, anions in the air are collected near the tungsten electrode 6, and the cations are orderly moved toward the ground ring 5 by the electric field force, so that ion wind is generated, and the discharge of the synthesis gas is accelerated as shown in fig. 5.
In the preferred example of the solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforced biomass gasification system, a thermometer 22 and a hygrometer 23 are arranged in the material drying box 7 to monitor the temperature and humidity in the box 7 in real time and feed back to the controller of the material conveying belt 8. The rotation speed of the conveyor belt 8 is regulated according to the temperature and the humidity in the box, so that the water content of the dried material is kept at 15-30%. The water content of the material is reduced, and the biomass conversion rate and the calorific value of the synthesis gas are improved.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments and application fields, and the above-described specific embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous forms of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A biomass gasification system with solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling reinforcement is characterized by comprising a photo-thermal loop and a photoelectric loop, wherein,
the photo-thermal circuit comprises;
a trough type solar collector which generates heat energy through photo-thermal conversion;
the heat storage device is used for storing the heat energy and transmitting the heat energy to the biomass gasification furnace and the material drying box in a echelon manner, and finally transmitting the heat energy to a user side;
the biomass gasification furnace is used for gasifying biomass materials through pyrolysis and oxidation-reduction reaction to prepare fuel synthesis gas, and comprises the following components;
a housing having a bottom and a top, the housing heat transfer connecting the heat storage device to warm to a first temperature range;
at least one air inlet provided in the bottom or in the side wall of the housing near the bottom;
at least one fuel synthesis gas outlet provided in the top or in the side wall of the housing adjacent the top;
a material inlet provided at the top to introduce biomass material;
the tungsten electrode is arranged at the bottom and is powered by high voltage;
the grounding ring is arranged on the shell and opposite to the tungsten electrode, an electric field for ionizing air is formed between the grounding ring and the tungsten electrode, cations orderly move towards the grounding ring under the action of the electric field force to generate ion wind, and the biomass material is pyrolyzed and oxidized and gasified in the electric field at a first temperature range to obtain fuel synthesis gas;
a material drying box communicated with the material inlet to throw in the dried biomass material, wherein the material drying box is in heat transfer connection with the heat storage device to dry the biomass material in a second temperature range;
the optoelectronic circuit comprises:
a solar photovoltaic panel array that converts solar energy into electric energy through photoelectric conversion;
an inverter connected to the solar photovoltaic panel array to boost the voltage and supply power to the photo-thermal loop via direct current and alternating current conversion.
2. The solar photovoltaic-photothermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system as recited in claim 1, wherein said photovoltaic loop further comprises,
the first temperature sensor is arranged on the shell to measure and obtain first temperature data, and is electrically connected with the inverter;
the second temperature sensor is arranged in the material drying box to measure and obtain second temperature data, and is electrically connected with the inverter;
a controller connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the hygrometer, the inverter and the heat storage device;
in response to the first temperature data, the controller adjusts the thermal storage device such that the housing is within a first temperature range;
in response to the second temperature data, the controller adjusts the heat storage device such that the material drying oven is within a second temperature range.
3. The solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system according to claim 2, wherein the material drying oven is provided with a conveyor belt for inputting biomass material and a stirrer for stirring the biomass material, a hygrometer is arranged on the material drying oven for measuring humidity data, the hygrometer is electrically connected with the inverter, and a controller adjusts the speed of the conveyor belt and/or the stirring speed of the stirrer in response to the humidity data so that the material drying oven is in a preset humidity range.
4. The solar photovoltaic-photothermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system of claim 3, wherein the predetermined humidity range is 15-30% of the water content of the stirred biomass material.
5. The solar photovoltaic-photothermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system of claim 1, wherein said air inlet is connected to an air blower, said air blower is connected to said inverter and a controller, said controller regulating power of the air blower based on electric field strength.
6. The solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system according to claim 1, wherein the material drying oven is provided with a one-way push door matched with a conveyor belt and an evaporated water outlet for leading out water, and the conveyor belt is in heat conduction connection with the heat storage device.
7. The solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage device transfers heat to the biomass gasification furnace and the material drying box in a gradient manner through the heat exchange tube and finally reaches the user side.
8. The solar photovoltaic-photo-thermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system of claim 1, wherein the first temperature range is 700 ℃ to 500 ℃, the second temperature range is 200 ℃ to 100 ℃, and the temperature at the user side is lower than 100 ℃.
9. The solar photovoltaic-photothermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system of claim 1, wherein the interior of the housing is divided into an oxidation zone, a reduction zone, a pyrolysis zone, and a drying zone in sequence from the tungsten electrode to the ground ring.
10. The solar photovoltaic-photothermal coupling enhanced biomass gasification system of claim 9, wherein said pyrolysis zone is thermally conductively coupled to said heat storage device via a heat exchange tube.
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