CN1154467A - Passive cooling of enclosures using heat pipes - Google Patents
Passive cooling of enclosures using heat pipes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1154467A CN1154467A CN 96112768 CN96112768A CN1154467A CN 1154467 A CN1154467 A CN 1154467A CN 96112768 CN96112768 CN 96112768 CN 96112768 A CN96112768 A CN 96112768A CN 1154467 A CN1154467 A CN 1154467A
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- heat pipe
- thermal storage
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- vaporizer side
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Abstract
A cooling system for passively cooling an enclosure incorporating at least one inclined heat pipe having an evaporator side extending within the enclosure and a condenser side extending outside the enclosure in contact with the ambient environment. A thermal storage device within the enclosure is configured having a first portion extending adjacent the evaporator side of the heat pipe and a second portion extending within, and generally concentric with, the evaporator side of the heat pipe. A solid-to-liquid phase change material is sealed within this thermal storage device such that this material changes to a liquid upon the absorption of heat. To further enhance the transfer of heat from within the enclosure to outside the enclosure, a series of fins can be added to the first portion of the thermal storage device as well as to the condenser side of the heat pipe. Additionally, a series of internal fins can be mounted to the second portion of the thermal storage device which would preferably be submerged in the working fluid contained within the evaporator side of the heat pipe.
Description
The present invention relates generally to a kind of heat change method, particularly a kind of passive cooled method by using a plurality of heat pipes that one sealing chamber is cooled off.
Usually people are arranged on machines such as electronic communication equipment and computer equipment in building or the sealing chamber to protect these equipment to avoid to be subjected to the influence of weather and trials and hardships.But in a lot of situations, these machines can produce heat, and because people wish only these machines of running in a certain limiting temperature scope, therefore these heats must be discharged from described sealing chamber to avoid producing any adverse consequences.In addition, owing to also must building or the sealing chamber that hold the human or animal being cooled off to avoid the too high adverse consequences that produces of heat, it is the needs of machine that the therefore this requirement that need cool off is not limited only to.
A kind of method that is used for realizing this cooling (this is a kind of method that adopts for many years) is a kind of cooling fluid such as air to be acted on by force cool off thermal source on the thermal source thus.Certainly, in sealing chamber, also must by force this cooling fluid be discharged sealing chamber for fear of heat accumulation.
Those sealing chamber or equipment need be held in the heat insulation mutually situation of surrounding environment in, then need some heat exchangers the heat that produces in the sealing chamber to be sent to the cooling fluid (air) in the sealing chamber outside.In the past, people adopt the heat exchanger such as types such as housing (shell) and pipe, plate, heat pipes, with transfer of heat between closed heat and outdoor cooling medium respectively.But in order to carry out work preferably, the heat exchanger of these types all uses one or more fans to pass the surface of heat exchanger to force air.Some than situation of difficult in, promptly can not carry out this simple fan-cooled place, such as in the high ambient temperature district, heat is discharged described sealing chamber by traditional kind of refrigeration cycle.But above-mentioned cooling means and fan coolling method are in service all to be needed a power supply and needs moving-member and motor.In some cases, may not have in the sealing chamber power supply can with or people be difficult to touch and need the member replaced in the sealing chamber, therefore just can not adopt above-mentioned these cooling means.In these situations, people need a kind of passive cooled system that does not need moving-member and just can keep best sealing chamber temperature without any need for external power.
Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a kind of passive cooled system, and this cooling system does not need with external power supply.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of passive cooled system, this cooling system does not have moving-member not need daily maintenance and repairing.Therefore another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cooling system, and this cooling system can be regulated voluntarily and can automatically absorb the heat of sealing chamber and do not need the operator and get involved.A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device that cools off sealing chamber, and it only allows the heat of sealing chamber to be discharged and do not allow any (also is insignificant minute quantity even have) heat enter in the described sealing chamber.The system that another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of self-regeneration and does not use any valuable floor area.Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cooling system, thereby it can avoid sealing chamber and surrounding environment to contact obtaining a cleaning and relative dustless sealing chamber.Use down further and describe, it is more clear that these and other objects of the present invention will become.
The present invention relates to a kind of passive cooled system that sealing chamber is cooled off of being used for.It comprises at least one elongated heat pipe, and described heat pipe has a vaporizer side that is used for extending and and is used at the extension of the sealing chamber outside, condenser side that contact with surrounding environment, that be arranged on opposite side in sealing chamber.A kind of working fluid is contained in the described vaporizer side of described heat pipe, and in a single day described working fluid absorbs heat, will be changed to gaseous state from liquid state.This system also comprises a thermal storage, described thermal storage have one extend in heat pipe vaporizer side the outside but be close to the part of the described vaporizer side of described heat pipe, it is inner and extend along evaporimeter that the remainder of thermal storage extends in the described vaporizer side of described heat pipe.A kind of material that can produce solid-state extremely liquid variation is contained in the described thermal storage, and in a single day described material absorbs heat will be from solid state change to liquid.Strictly speaking, because described thermal storage is full of phase-change material, therefore described thermal storage can not a kind of at last heat pipe.Therefore, in thermal storage, can not produce any steam, and in general heat pipe, tend to produce steam.At last, also be provided with vaporizer side and the adiabatic mutually device of the condenser side of heat pipe, to reduce the heat conduction between the described both sides with heat pipe.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is along the roof of a sealing chamber or the schematic diagram of the present invention installed of ceiling.
Fig. 3 is along the cutaway view of Fig. 2 center line 3-3 intercepting, partly cut-away.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment has many fins to strengthen the gathering and the heat radiation of heat.
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view along Fig. 4 center line 5-5 intercepting.
At first see also Fig. 1.Fig. 1 shows a passive cooled system 10.Described cooling system 10 has sealed thermal storage 12, and described thermal storage has a first 14 that directly contacts with the enclosed environment 16 of sealing chamber 18.The second portion 20 of thermal storage 12 extends in the inside of evaporimeter one side 22 of acclivitous heat pipe 24.Usually, thermal storage 12 is concentric with heat pipe 24, and accommodates commercially available hydrated salt 26 or some other and can take place solid-state to the liquid material that changes under lower room temperature.Usually, thus hydrated salt 26 will be full of thermal storage 12 can not allowed steam occur or gather within it.
Can imagine that the vaporizer side 22 of heat pipe 24 is positioned at sealing chamber 18 inside, the condenser side 28 of the rising of heat pipe 24 then is positioned at outside the sealing chamber 18 and with surrounding environment 30 and contacts.For the operation of heat pipe 24 importantly heat pipe should the flash-pot side 22 be inclined upwardly towards condenser side 28.And, thermal storage 12 sealings be mixed with the working fluid 32 that is contained in heat pipe 24 inside (normally water, methyl alcohol or ammoniacal liquor) mutually with the hydrated salt 26 that prevents to be contained in it.The lower vaporizer side of heat pipe 24 only partly is filled with working fluid 32, but the capacity that holds working fluid 32 within it is enough to spread all over fully or spread all over the second portion 20 of thermal storage 12.It is in order to make heat pipe operate as normal (that is, thereby heat pipe evaporation and condensation working fluid 32 can be absorbed heat respectively and dispel the heat) that this part of the vaporizer side 22 of heat pipe 24 is full of working fluid 32.
In running, the hydrated salt 26 that is contained in the thermal storage 12 absorbs heat Q (referring to arrow 34) such as passing through first 14 from the environment 16 of sealing.These heats Q is produced by machine that is contained in sealing chamber 18 inside or equipment (not shown).Owing to absorbed these heats Q, hydrated salt 26 in thermal storage 12 from the solid state change to the liquid state.These absorbed heats Q second portion 20 by thermal storage 12 subsequently is sent to working fluid 32 (seeing arrow 36) in the vaporizer side 22 of heat pipe 24.The heat Q that these are transmitted makes the working fluid 32 of vaporizer side 22 inside evaporate.Then, the working fluid after the evaporation 32 upwards flow to condenser side 28 and is condensate on the inwall of condenser side 28 up to described working fluid 32.Rely on this condensation, heat Q is discharged in the surrounding environment 30.
Certainly, if the temperature of condenser side 28 is higher than the temperature of vaporizer side 22, does not then have any heat Q and can be sent to condenser side 28 and therefore can not be disposed in the surrounding environment 30 yet.But the hydrated salt 26 of thermal storage 12 still can absorb and preserve heat Q when these heats Q can be transferred into condenser side 28.This situation may appear in the course of work on daytime.But during this time, this higher condenser side 28 temperature can not influence the performance of thermal storage 12, and it can continue to absorb the heat that comes from sealing chamber 18 inside.When the temperature of condenser side 28 drops to the temperature that is lower than vaporizer side 22 once more, heat Q will be sent to condenser side 28 automatically once more so that the most at last heat be disposed in the surrounding environment 30.
Because 12 of thermal storages pass to vaporizer side 22 with heat Q, so heat pipe 24 plays a part a thermal diode, promptly only allows heat Q is spread out of from sealing chamber 18.In this article in the heat pipe 24 of employed described type, heat Q is sent to condenser side 28 from vaporizer side 22 through the continual evaporation of working fluids 32 and condensation.As long as the temperature of vaporizer side 22 or enclosed environment 16 is higher than the temperature of condenser side 28 or environment 30, this circulation will repeat continuously.When the temperature of condenser side 28 or environment 30 is higher than the temperature of vaporizer side 28 or enclosed environment 16, heat pipe 24 will be in poised state.In this case, heat Q can not transmit and enter in the sealing chamber 18 and can not spread out of from sealing chamber 18.But the heat that minute quantity arranged still can enter in the sealing chamber 18 by the tube wall that heat pipe 24 is passed in the heat conduction.
But, in order further condenser side 28 and vaporizer side 22 to be separated adiabaticly, an adiabatic ring 38 can be arranged between condenser side 28 and the vaporizer side 22, described adiabatic ring can be suitable for realizing that the heat-insulating material of this purpose makes by any.This adiabatic ring 38 can reduce the conduction of mat heat and pass the hot-fluid (in other words, adiabatic ring 38 prevents that heat from passing the tube wall of heat pipe 24) that heat pipe 24 enters sealing chamber 18.
From as can be known above, heat pipe 24 obviously is a kind of gravity thermal siphon tubular type heat pipe, because it does not comprise that one can utilize the fuse of capillarity opposing gravity suction operation fluid 32.In any situation, for can operate as normal, make working fluid 32 vaporizer side 22 in, evaporate and travel up to and carry out condensation in the condenser side 28 and thus the heat Q of these absorptions is discharged in the surrounding environment 30 thereby the temperature of the vaporizer side 22 of heat pipe 24 must be higher than the temperature of condenser new 8.Rely on condensation, working fluid 32 turns back to vaporizer side 22 with liquid condition and thinks that circulation next time gets ready.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show an embodiment with the different cooling system 10 of the above cooling system that discloses.In these accompanying drawings, show a curved hot pipe 24 rather than a simple tilting heat pipe.As shown in the figure, the lower vaporizer side 22 of this flexure type heat pipe 24 is positioned at sealing chamber 18 inside, and higher condenser side 28 is such as being obliquely installed and contacting with surrounding environment 30 by the roof along sealing chamber 18.Adopt this mode, do not need to take any floor area and vaporizer side 22 and be positioned at warming up of enclosed environment 16 or hot zone (constantly increasing) owing to come from the heat Q of thermal source 42.Certainly, if desired, can absorb the heat that comes from sealing chamber 18 inside as much as possible and the floor area that can not take any preciousness thereby a plurality of flexure type heat pipes 24 can be installed along ceiling.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show another embodiment of the present invention, and it also can be used among Fig. 2 and the embodiment shown in Figure 3.According to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the extensional surface 44 that is all fin forms is installed along the outside of the condenser side 28 of heat pipe 24 and along the first 14 of thermal storage 12.These outer fins 44 have strengthened endotherm area and have also increased from the heat release of cooling system 10.Equally, if desired, the transmission of inner fin 46 with the heat Q of the working fluid 32 of reinforcement from described second portion 20 to vaporizer side 22 inside that are positioned at heat pipe 24 can be set also at the second portion 20 of thermal storage 12.In addition, by using these fins 44 and/or 46, Fig. 2 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 in just can use less heat pipe 24.
In addition, as shown in the figure, all these embodiment are equipped with pressure-reducing valve 48, if the pressure build-up therefore in the heat pipe 24 is too big, just can discharges this pressure safely, and needn't worry can blast.
The advantage of above-described cooling system 10 comprises: described system is a kind of passive system that does not need the mechanically moving parts.Therefore, maintenance activity is reduced to minimum or without any need for maintenance activity.Equally, because employing is the passive cooled system,,, therefore, the too high this cooling system 10 of remote local use of power supply or power supply cost can not had without any need for electrical coupling device or power supply for operation.In addition, because this material is according to the size of its heat content, only between its liquid/solid (for hydrated salt 26) or liquid state/gaseous state (for working fluid 32), change back and forth, therefore pass through to use working fluid 32 and hydrated salt 26, but cooling system 10 is self-regeneration (self-regenerative).In addition, cooling system 10 does not take any floor area just can carry out work, therefore can vacate ground and use for other equipment or machinery 42.As mentioned above, cooling system 10 can be installed on wall or the roof.In addition, adopt this structure, cooling system 10 plays a part a thermal diode or a check valve, heat can only be discharged in the sealing chamber 18 or emit, and (or only the heat of minute quantity) enters in the sealing chamber 18 and can not allow any heat.In addition, adopt this structure, this cooling system 10 can cool off a sealing chamber 18 and not need to make described sealing chamber 18 open or contact with surrounding environment 30.
Claims (9)
1. passive cooled system that is used for cooling off a sealing chamber, it comprises:
(a) at least one elongated heat pipe, described heat pipe have a vaporizer side that is used for extending and and be used for the condenser side that extends, contact with surrounding environment, be arranged on opposite side outside sealing chambers in sealing chamber;
(b) a kind of interior working fluid of described vaporizer side that is contained in described heat pipe, in a single day described working fluid absorbs heat, will be changed to gaseous state from liquid state;
(c) thermal storage with first and second portion, described first extends in the outside of described vaporizer side of described heat pipe and the evaporimeter that is close to described heat pipe extends, and it is inner and extend along the evaporimeter of heat pipe that described second portion extends in the described vaporizer side of described heat pipe;
(d) be equipped with in described thermal storage and can be liquid material from solid state change, described material will be from solid state change to liquid after in a single day absorbing heat;
(e) between the described vaporizer side and described condenser side of described heat pipe, be used for reducing the heat conducting adiabatic apparatus that takes place along described heat pipe.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it is whole or it is most of that the described working fluid in the described vaporizer side of described heat pipe spreads all over the described second portion of described thermal storage.
3. system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described thermal storage is sealed to prevent described can the mixing mutually with described working fluid from solid state change to liquid material.
4. system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described heat pipe is inclined upwardly to described condenser side from described vaporizer side.
5. system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the concentric setting of described vaporizer side of the described second portion of described thermal storage and described heat pipe.
6. system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described system also comprises the outer fin in a plurality of described firsts of being fixed in described thermal storage, and the similar fin on a plurality of described condenser side that is fixed in described heat pipe.
7. system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described system also comprises on a plurality of described second portions that are fixed in described thermal storage and is immersed in the inner fin of the described working fluid inside in the described vaporizer side of described heat pipe.
8. system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described heat pipe is crooked at the mid portion of its length.
9. system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described system comprises that also one is fixed in the pressure-reducing valve of the described condenser side of described heat pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96112768 CN1154467A (en) | 1995-11-28 | 1996-10-15 | Passive cooling of enclosures using heat pipes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US563,872 | 1995-11-28 | ||
| CN 96112768 CN1154467A (en) | 1995-11-28 | 1996-10-15 | Passive cooling of enclosures using heat pipes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1154467A true CN1154467A (en) | 1997-07-16 |
Family
ID=5121602
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96112768 Pending CN1154467A (en) | 1995-11-28 | 1996-10-15 | Passive cooling of enclosures using heat pipes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1154467A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102305566A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Phase-change material enhanced heat exchanging method capable of automatically overcoming nonuniformity of temperature |
| CN102636058A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2012-08-15 | 昆山巨仲电子有限公司 | Cross-under type heat pipe structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103210427A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2013-07-17 | 富士电机株式会社 | Cooling device for vending machine |
| CN103245105A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-14 | 北京清华阳光能源开发有限责任公司 | Glass heat tube with solid-liquid working medium bag and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103245237A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-08-14 | 西华大学 | Heat pipe |
| CN103256841A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-21 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Novel energy storage cooling device |
| CN101965490B (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2013-09-11 | 史泰克公司 | Method and apparatus for switched thermoelectric cooling of fluids |
| US8904808B2 (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2014-12-09 | Sheetak, Inc. | Heat pipes and thermoelectric cooling devices |
| CN108917446A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-30 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of the phase-transition heat-storage capsule and phase transition heat accumulation unit of the assisted and strengthened heat exchange of heat pipe |
| JP2021032433A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-03-01 | 株式会社フジクラ | Cooling device |
| CN113972415A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-25 | 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 | Heat pipe containing phosphorus flame retardant for high-capacity battery |
-
1996
- 1996-10-15 CN CN 96112768 patent/CN1154467A/en active Pending
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9435571B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2016-09-06 | Sheetak Inc. | Method and apparatus for switched thermoelectric cooling of fluids |
| CN101965490B (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2013-09-11 | 史泰克公司 | Method and apparatus for switched thermoelectric cooling of fluids |
| US8904808B2 (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2014-12-09 | Sheetak, Inc. | Heat pipes and thermoelectric cooling devices |
| CN102636058A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2012-08-15 | 昆山巨仲电子有限公司 | Cross-under type heat pipe structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103210427A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2013-07-17 | 富士电机株式会社 | Cooling device for vending machine |
| CN103210427B (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2015-07-29 | 富士电机株式会社 | The cooling device of automatic vending machine |
| CN102305566B (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Phase-change material enhanced heat exchanging method capable of automatically overcoming nonuniformity of temperature |
| CN102305566A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Phase-change material enhanced heat exchanging method capable of automatically overcoming nonuniformity of temperature |
| CN103245105A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-14 | 北京清华阳光能源开发有限责任公司 | Glass heat tube with solid-liquid working medium bag and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103245105B (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2016-06-15 | 北京清华阳光能源开发有限责任公司 | Glass heat pipe with solid-liquid working medium bag and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103256841A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-21 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Novel energy storage cooling device |
| CN103256841B (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-05-11 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | A kind of energy storage heat abstractor |
| CN103245237B (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2015-06-17 | 西华大学 | Heat pipe |
| CN103245237A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-08-14 | 西华大学 | Heat pipe |
| CN108917446A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-30 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of the phase-transition heat-storage capsule and phase transition heat accumulation unit of the assisted and strengthened heat exchange of heat pipe |
| JP2021032433A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-03-01 | 株式会社フジクラ | Cooling device |
| CN113972415A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-25 | 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 | Heat pipe containing phosphorus flame retardant for high-capacity battery |
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