CN115445324B - High-performance filter cloth for bag-type dust collector and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance filter cloth for bag-type dust collector and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115445324B CN115445324B CN202211000210.1A CN202211000210A CN115445324B CN 115445324 B CN115445324 B CN 115445324B CN 202211000210 A CN202211000210 A CN 202211000210A CN 115445324 B CN115445324 B CN 115445324B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0435—Electret
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0464—Impregnants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector and a preparation method thereof, wherein the filter cloth is prepared by the following steps: a. cleaning a non-woven fabric substrate material by using deionized water, and then placing the non-woven fabric substrate material into a plasma machine for etching to negatively charge the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate; b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate treated in the step a into an amide monomer solution, taking out after a certain time, and airing; c. and c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate treated in the step b into a metal fluoride salt solution, taking out after a certain time, and performing heat treatment to obtain the non-woven fabric substrate. The high-performance filter cloth provided by the invention has the advantages of low preparation cost, simple preparation process, high dust removal rate, strong dust removal effect and the like, and is suitable for wide popularization in dust removal equipment and industrial engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of environmental protection.
Background
Atmospheric pollution is one of the major environmental problems facing China at present. The industries of petrifaction, exploitation, smelting, electric power and the like generate a large amount of waste gas containing dust in the production process, and the waste gas is one of main sources for causing atmospheric pollution. Because the dust has fine particles, the dust can stay in the air for a long time, thereby obstructing plant growth, threatening human health and destroying natural environment. Meanwhile, when dust in the waste gas is accumulated to a certain concentration, explosion can occur, personal safety and national property safety are further endangered, and a heavy economic burden and environmental burden are brought to enterprises and society.
In order to solve the above problems, the prior art adopts various methods for dust suppression. The cloth bag dust remover can effectively remove dust particles in industrial waste gas. As the most important component in the dust remover, the performance of the dust removing filter cloth directly influences the dust removing efficiency and the exhaust quality. CN113652799a discloses a preparation process method of needled dust removing filter cloth, and the dust suppression efficiency can reach more than 97%. CN101695613B discloses a flue gas dust removal glass fiber filter cloth, which has good corrosion resistance and dust removal performance.
However, in order to further reduce the damage of dust to the ecological environment, the dust removal efficiency of the filter cloth still needs to be further improved. Therefore, developing a high performance filter cloth with high dust removal efficiency and high dust removal quality is a problem that the skilled person is urgent to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a high performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector is prepared by the following method:
a. cleaning a non-woven fabric substrate material by using deionized water, and then placing the non-woven fabric substrate material into a plasma machine for etching to negatively charge the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate;
the plasma etching can form a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate, so that the adhesive strength of the non-woven fabric substrate and the subsequently generated zwitterionic fluorinated polymer is enhanced.
b. C, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate treated in the step a into an amide monomer solution, taking out after a certain time, and airing; through the step, nitrogen atoms in the amide monomers can form a tight hydrogen bond with hydroxyl groups on the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate, so that the amide monomers are tightly combined with the non-woven fabric substrate.
c. And c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate treated in the step b into a metal fluoride salt solution, taking out after a certain time, and performing heat treatment to obtain the non-woven fabric substrate.
The fluoridized metal salt and the amide monomer are coordinated to synthesize a zwitterionic polymer with extremely low surface energy on the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate, so as to form high-performance filter cloth; the surface of the filter cloth has extremely low surface energy and abundant zwitterionic ions, and can quickly and efficiently capture particulate matters in waste gas.
Further, the aperture of the non-woven fabric in the step a is between 0.1 and 10 microns, and the non-woven fabric is made of one of polysulfone, polyethersulfone, glass fiber, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.
Further, the plasma etching time in the step a of the invention is 1 to 60 minutes. The plasma etching time is less than 1 minute, the number of generated hydroxyl groups on the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate is small, and the generated hydroxyl groups are insufficient for adhering the subsequently generated zwitterionic fluorinated polymer; the plasma etching time is longer than 60 minutes, and the chemical structure of the non-woven fabric substrate is easily damaged.
Further, in the step b of the invention, the amide monomer is one of formamide, acetamide, propionamide, n-butyramide and isobutyramide; the concentration is 0.1-5 wt%.
Further, the soaking time of the non-woven fabric in the amide monomer solution in the step b is 1-120 minutes. The soaking time is less than 1 minute, and the amide monomer cannot be fully deposited on the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate; the soaking time is longer than 120 minutes, so that the production cost of the filter cloth can be greatly increased. Meanwhile, due to overlong soaking time, part of amide monomers fall off from the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate under the action of hydrogen bonds among water molecules.
Further, in the step c of the invention, the metal fluoride salt is calcium triflate, zinc triflate, sodium difluoromethylsulfinate or tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, and the concentration is 0.1-5 wt%; the soaking time of the non-woven fabric in the metal fluoride salt solution is 1-360 minutes.
Too low a concentration of fluorinated metal salt may render the nonwoven fabric surface ineffective in forming a uniform zwitterionic fluorinated polymer coating; too high a concentration can cause too high a cross-linking density of the zwitterionic fluorinated polymer and too thick a coating thickness, thereby reducing the separation efficiency of the filter cloth. Likewise, the soaking time is too short, the coordination reaction is insufficient, and the uniform zwitterionic fluorinated polymer coating cannot be effectively formed on the surface of the non-woven fabric. The soaking time is too long, the crosslinking degree among monomers is too high, and the content of the zwitterionic fluorinated polymer is too high, so that the separation efficiency of the filter cloth is reduced.
Further, the heat treatment temperature in the step c is 40-80 ℃ and the heat treatment time is 1-5 hours. When the heat treatment temperature is less than 40 ℃, the bonding force between the zwitterionic fluorinated polymer and the substrate is small, and the unstable structure of the filter cloth is easy to cause; when the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, the charge of the zwitterionic fluorinated polymer is easy to lose efficacy, and the separation performance of the filter cloth is further reduced. Similarly, when the heat treatment time is less than 1 hour, the bonding force between the ionic fluorinated polymer and the substrate is small, and the structure of the filter cloth is easy to be unstable. When the heat treatment time is more than 5 hours, the charge of the zwitterionic fluorinated polymer is easy to lose efficacy, and the separation performance of the filter cloth is further reduced.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention uses non-woven fabrics as mechanical support substrates, provides excellent mechanical properties for the filter cloth, and simultaneously forms a filter cloth functional layer of the zwitterionic fluorinated polymer by utilizing the coordination of the amide and the fluorinated metal salt. As a functional layer of the dust-removing filter cloth, the surface of the zwitterionic fluorinated polymer coating is provided with a large amount of fluorine elements, so that the surface energy is extremely small, and the collection of particles in waste gas and the recycling of the filter cloth are facilitated; meanwhile, the surface of the zwitterionic fluorinated polymer coating also has rich zwitterionic charge, and the collection of particles in waste gas can be more efficiently collected and captured under the action of coulomb force, so that the dust removal rate and the dust removal quality of the filter cloth are greatly improved.
The high-performance filter cloth provided by the invention has extremely high dust removal efficiency (10 m/min) and extremely high dust removal quality (more than 99.50%). Meanwhile, the continuous operation time of the high-performance filter cloth can reach more than 200 hours, which is far longer than that of the current commercial dust removing filter cloth, and the high-performance filter cloth is suitable for popularization in the waste gas recovery process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the dust removal performance of the filter cloth of example 1 during the test, with a test time of 200 hours.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning polysulfone non-woven fabric substrate materials with the aperture of 0.1 micron by using deionized water, then placing the materials into a plasma machine for etching for 1 minute, and negatively charging the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate;
b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step a into a formamide solution with the concentration of 0.1-wt%, taking out the non-woven fabric substrate after soaking for 1 minute, and airing the non-woven fabric substrate;
c. and c, immersing the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step b into 0.1-wt% calcium triflate solution, immersing for 1 minute, and taking out. Heat treatment is carried out for 1 hour at 40 ℃ to obtain the high-performance filter cloth. The dust removing performance is shown in figure 1, and the test time is 200 hours
Example 2
A high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning a polyethersulfone non-woven fabric substrate material with the aperture of 0.22 micrometers by using deionized water, and then placing the substrate material into a plasma machine for etching for 60 minutes to negatively charge the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate;
b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step a in 5wt% acetamide solution, taking out the non-woven fabric substrate after soaking for 120 minutes, and airing the non-woven fabric substrate;
c. and c, immersing the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step b into 5wt% zinc trifluoromethane sulfonate solution, immersing for 360 minutes, and taking out. Heat treatment is carried out for 5 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain the high-performance filter cloth.
Example 3
A high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning a glass fiber non-woven fabric substrate material with the aperture of 0.45 micrometers by using deionized water, and then placing the glass fiber non-woven fabric substrate material into a plasma machine for etching for 10 minutes to negatively charge the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate;
b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step a into a 1 wt% acrylamide solution, taking out the non-woven fabric substrate after soaking for 20 minutes, and airing the non-woven fabric substrate;
c. and c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step b in a 1 wt% sodium trifluoromethane sulfonate solution for 60 minutes, and taking out. Heat treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 50 ℃ to obtain the high-performance filter cloth.
Example 4
A high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning a polyester non-woven fabric substrate material with the aperture of 1 micron by using deionized water, and then placing the polyester non-woven fabric substrate material into a plasma machine for etching for 20 minutes to negatively charge the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate;
b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step a into 2 wt% n-butyramide solution, taking out the non-woven fabric substrate after soaking for 30 minutes, and airing the non-woven fabric substrate;
c. and c, immersing the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step b into 2 wt% of sodium difluoromethylsulfinate solution, immersing for 80 minutes, and taking out. Heat treatment is carried out for 4 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain the high-performance filter cloth.
Example 5
A high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning a polyamide non-woven fabric substrate material with the aperture of 5 micrometers by using deionized water, and then placing the polyamide non-woven fabric substrate material into a plasma machine for etching for 40 minutes to negatively charge the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate;
b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step a into 3 wt% isobutyramide solution, taking out after soaking for 40 minutes, and airing the non-woven fabric substrate;
c. and c, immersing the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step b into a 3 wt% tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate solution, immersing for 40 minutes, and taking out. Heat treatment is carried out for 4 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain the high-performance filter cloth.
Example 6
A high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning a polypropylene non-woven fabric substrate material with the aperture of 3 micrometers by using deionized water, then placing the substrate material into a plasma machine for etching for 20 minutes, and negatively charging the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate;
b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step a in an acetamide solution with the concentration of 0.5 and wt percent, taking out the non-woven fabric substrate after soaking for 30 minutes, and airing the non-woven fabric substrate;
c. and c, immersing the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step b into 0.5-wt% sodium trifluoromethane sulfonate solution, immersing for 30 minutes, and taking out. Heat treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 50 ℃ to obtain the high-performance filter cloth.
Example 7
A high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector is prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning polytetrafluoroethylene non-woven fabric substrate materials with the aperture of 10 micrometers by using deionized water, then placing the materials into a plasma machine for etching for 10 minutes, and negatively charging the surfaces of the non-woven fabric substrates;
b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step a in an acetamide solution of 1 wt%, taking out the non-woven fabric substrate after soaking for 20 minutes, and airing the non-woven fabric substrate;
c. and c, immersing the non-woven fabric substrate obtained in the step b into a 1 wt% zinc trifluoromethane sulfonate solution for 80 minutes, and taking out. Heat treatment is carried out for 5 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain the high-performance filter cloth.
Comparative example 1
Polyester dust-removing and film-coating filter cloth produced by eastern japan is purchased.
Comparative example 2
Glass fiber coated filter cloth produced by Sichuan Jiehai environmental protection technology Co., ltd.
Verification example
The filter cloths of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested according to GB/T38019-2019 and their properties are shown in Table 1.
Watch (watch)Comparative dedusting Effect of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2
As shown in Table 1, the high-performance filter cloth provided by the invention has excellent dust removal effect and dust removal efficiency, the dust removal rate is more than 5 times of that of the filter cloth sold in the market, the dust removal efficiency is more than 99.50%, and the high-performance filter cloth has great market prospect and practical value.
The embodiments disclosed herein are presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. The high-performance filter cloth for the bag-type dust collector is characterized by being prepared by the following steps:
a. cleaning a non-woven fabric substrate material by using deionized water, and then placing the non-woven fabric substrate material into a plasma machine for etching to negatively charge the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate;
b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate treated in the step a into an amide monomer solution, taking out after a certain time, and airing;
c. soaking the non-woven fabric substrate treated in the step b into a metal fluoride salt solution, taking out after a certain time, and performing heat treatment to obtain the non-woven fabric substrate;
in the step b, the concentration of the amide monomer is 0.1-5 wt%, and the soaking time of the non-woven fabric substrate in the amide monomer solution is 1-120 minutes;
the concentration of the metal fluoride salt is 0.1-5 wt percent, and the soaking time of the non-woven fabric substrate in the metal fluoride salt solution is 1-360 minutes;
the heat treatment temperature in the step c is 40-80 ℃ and the heat treatment time is 1-5 hours.
2. The high-performance filter cloth for the bag-type dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the pore diameter of the non-woven fabric in the step a is between 0.1 and 10 microns, and the non-woven fabric is made of one of polysulfone, polyethersulfone, glass fiber, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.
3. A high performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step a, the plasma etching time is 1 to 60 minutes.
4. The high performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the amide monomer in the step b is formamide, acetamide, propionamide, n-butyramide or isobutyramide.
5. The high performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the metal fluoride salt in the step c is calcium triflate, zinc triflate, sodium difluoromethylsulfinate or tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate.
6. The method for preparing high-performance filter cloth for a bag-type dust collector according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a. cleaning a non-woven fabric substrate material by using deionized water, and then placing the non-woven fabric substrate material into a plasma machine for etching to negatively charge the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate;
b. c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate treated in the step a into an amide monomer solution, taking out after a certain time, and airing;
c. and c, soaking the non-woven fabric substrate treated in the step b into a metal fluoride salt solution, taking out after a certain time, and performing heat treatment to obtain the non-woven fabric substrate.
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| CN202211000210.1A CN115445324B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | High-performance filter cloth for bag-type dust collector and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115445324B true CN115445324B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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| JP2013234405A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-21 | Daiwabo Holdings Co Ltd | Radioactive nuclide adsorptive regenerated cellulosic fiber, method for producing the same, fiber structure, and filtering material |
| CN112044175A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-08 | 浙江大学 | Composite catalytic filter material for degrading dioxin at low temperature and preparation method thereof |
| CN112704960A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-27 | 盐城工学院 | Preparation method of composite filter material |
| CN114525674A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-24 | 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 | High-performance anti-scaling modified filter cloth for vacuum filter and preparation method thereof |
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- 2022-08-19 CN CN202211000210.1A patent/CN115445324B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013234405A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-21 | Daiwabo Holdings Co Ltd | Radioactive nuclide adsorptive regenerated cellulosic fiber, method for producing the same, fiber structure, and filtering material |
| CN112044175A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-08 | 浙江大学 | Composite catalytic filter material for degrading dioxin at low temperature and preparation method thereof |
| CN112704960A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-27 | 盐城工学院 | Preparation method of composite filter material |
| CN114525674A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-24 | 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 | High-performance anti-scaling modified filter cloth for vacuum filter and preparation method thereof |
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