CN115440401A - Lead bismuth pile direct current steam generator - Google Patents
Lead bismuth pile direct current steam generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN115440401A CN115440401A CN202210979118.8A CN202210979118A CN115440401A CN 115440401 A CN115440401 A CN 115440401A CN 202210979118 A CN202210979118 A CN 202210979118A CN 115440401 A CN115440401 A CN 115440401A
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- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 146
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
- G21D1/006—Details of nuclear power plant primary side of steam generators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a direct-current steam generator of a lead-bismuth pile, which comprises a downcomer component (1), an upper end enclosure component (2), a tube plate component (4) and a tube bundle component (5); the upper side of the downcomer component (1) is connected with the upper end enclosure component (2), and the lower end of the downcomer component (1) is connected with the tube plate component (4) to form a closed annular space; the upper end enclosure assembly (2) is connected with the tube plate assembly (4); a tube bundle assembly (5) is arranged in the annular space of the tube plate assembly (4); the end part of the tube bundle assembly (5) is connected with the tube plate assembly (4). The lead bismuth pile direct-current steam generator transfers the heat of a primary loop system to a working medium on a secondary side under a normal working condition, and generates steam meeting requirements to push a steam turbine to do work; under the accident condition, partial waste heat generated by a loop system of the reactor is led out, and the safety of the reactor core of the reactor is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steam generators, in particular to a lead bismuth pile direct-current steam generator.
Background
The nuclear energy has the potential of replacing fossil energy on a large scale, plays an important role in the future energy pattern of the world, and is a major future development trend in terms of safe and efficient four-generation stacking. As one of six types of nuclear power systems in the fourth generation, a lead bismuth stack is an advanced nuclear power system that can achieve various applications and can be continuously developed. The lead bismuth pile is a reactor adopting lead bismuth alloy as a coolant of a loop system. The lead bismuth pile steam generator is used as a key device for connecting a first loop and a second loop of a reactor in a lead bismuth pile system, and the technical performance and the safety reliability of the lead bismuth pile steam generator are directly related to the safety and the operation of a non-nuclear integrated device. Lead bismuth pile steam generators have only been tested or tried in russia, the united states and the european union, but there are no relatively mature products in this technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a direct current steam generator for a lead bismuth stack aiming at the above problems of the existing direct current steam generator for a lead bismuth stack, which transfers the heat of a primary loop system to a working medium on the secondary side under normal working conditions and generates steam meeting the requirements to drive a steam turbine to do work; under the accident condition, partial waste heat generated by a loop system of the reactor is led out, and the safety of the reactor core of the reactor is ensured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a lead bismuth pile steam generator comprises a downcomer component, an upper seal head component, a tube plate component and a tube bundle component; the upper side of the downcomer component is connected with the upper end enclosure component, and the lower end of the downcomer component is connected with the tube plate component to form a closed annular space; the upper end enclosure assembly is connected with the tube plate assembly; a tube bundle assembly is arranged in the annular space of the tube plate assembly; the end part of the tube bundle assembly is connected with the tube plate assembly.
The working principle is as follows: the lead bismuth pile steam generator is applied to a pool type lead bismuth reactor, a pile pool top cover is arranged above the pool type lead bismuth reactor, and the upper end enclosure assembly is connected with the pile pool top cover. The lead bismuth pile steam generator transfers the heat of a primary loop system to a working medium on a secondary side under the normal working condition, and generates steam meeting the requirement so as to push a steam turbine to do work; and partial waste heat generated by a primary loop system of the reactor is led out under the accident condition, so that the safety of the reactor core of the reactor is ensured.
Further, the downcomer assembly comprises an inlet connection, an outer downcomer upper portion tube and an inner downcomer tube; the inlet connecting pipe comprises an outer connecting pipe and an inner connecting pipe, the lower end of the outer connecting pipe of the inlet connecting pipe is connected with the upper end of an outer pipe at the upper part of the downcomer, the lower end of the inner connecting pipe of the inlet connecting pipe is connected with the upper end of an inner pipe of the downcomer, and the upper side of the outer pipe at the upper part of the downcomer is connected with the upper end socket assembly; the lower end of the outer pipe at the upper part of the downcomer and the lower end of the inner pipe of the downcomer are respectively welded with the pipe plate assembly; and a closed annular space is formed among the inlet connecting pipe, the outer pipe at the upper part of the downcomer, the inner pipe of the downcomer and the pipe plate assembly, and a heat insulation medium is filled in the annular space.
Further, the heat insulation medium is argon gas, and heat insulation is performed on secondary side feed water in the downcomer. When the secondary side feed water passes through the inner tube of the downcomer, the argon in the annular space can effectively prevent the secondary side feed water from being heated by the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the descending process to generate supercooling boiling, so that bubbles are formed and reversed flee is caused, and the function of equipment is abnormal.
Furthermore, the upper end enclosure assembly comprises an upper end enclosure and a wedge-shaped ring sealing structure, a through hole with a groove is formed in the center of the upper end enclosure, and the upper side of the outer pipe at the upper part of the downcomer is connected with the groove in the through hole in the center of the upper end enclosure in a welding manner; the lower end of the upper end enclosure is connected with the tube plate assembly; the upper end enclosure is provided with a steam outlet connecting pipe, and the lower side of the upper end enclosure is provided with a bearing boss; and the upper end enclosure is in self-tightening sealing connection with the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure.
The lead bismuth pile steam generator is applied to a pool type lead bismuth reactor, a pile pool top cover is arranged above the pool type lead bismuth reactor, the bearing boss is matched with the mounting counter bore of the pile pool top cover, and the bearing boss is mounted in the mounting counter bore of the pile pool top cover; the upper end enclosure is hermetically connected with the top cover of the reactor through a wedge-shaped ring sealing structure. The lead bismuth pile steam generator bears the weight of the whole lead bismuth pile steam generator through the limitation and the support of the bearing boss.
Further, the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure comprises a cover plate, a pressing ring, a fastening piece, a wedge-shaped pad, a sealing surface A and a sealing surface B; a sealing surface A and a sealing surface B are arranged on the upper side of the upper end enclosure, a wedge-shaped accommodating space is formed by the sealing surface A and the sealing surface B, and a wedge-shaped pad is placed in the wedge-shaped accommodating space; the cover plate is connected with the fastener through bolts and nuts, and a compression ring is arranged between the cover plate and the wedge-shaped pad. The sealing surface A, the sealing surface B and the wedge-shaped gasket are matched for use, so that the sealing between the primary side of the lead bismuth stack steam generator and the outside is ensured.
The lead bismuth pile steam generator is applied to a pool type lead bismuth reactor, and a pile pool top cover is arranged above the pool type lead bismuth reactor. When the pool type lead-bismuth reactor is not filled with liquid lead-bismuth alloy, the installation sequence of the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure is as follows: the bearing boss is arranged in a mounting counter bore of the top cover of the pile pool, and then a wedge-shaped pad, a pressure ring and a cover plate are sequentially mounted; the cover plate tightly presses the lead-bismuth stack steam generator on the top cover of the stack pool through a fastener, the fastener transmits the pretightening force to the wedge-shaped pad through the cover plate and the press ring, and the wedge-shaped pad is tightly pressed on the sealing surface A and the sealing surface B; the sealing surface A, the sealing surface B and the wedge-shaped gasket are matched for use, so that the sealing between the primary side of the lead bismuth pile steam generator and the outside is ensured. When the pool type lead bismuth reactor is filled with liquid lead bismuth alloy, buoyancy force applied to a steam generator of the lead bismuth reactor can be decomposed into pressing force on a sealing surface A and a sealing surface B, so that the wedge-shaped pad is pressed more tightly, and the self-tightening sealing effect is achieved. The cover plate is separated from the steam generator body, and the special use environment of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is combined, so that the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure can be a tighter self-tightening sealing structure under the normal use working condition.
Further, the cover plate is of a flange-like annular structure; the fastener comprises a stud, a washer, a disc spring and a nut; the outer edge of the cover plate is provided with a bolt through hole matched with the stud; one end of the stud penetrates through a bolt through hole in the cover plate, and the other end of the stud compresses the cover plate through a nut; and a washer, a plurality of disc springs and a washer are sequentially arranged between the stud and the nut.
The lead bismuth pile steam generator is applied to a pool type lead bismuth reactor, and a pile pool top cover is arranged above the pool type lead bismuth reactor; the apron outward flange be equipped with stud assorted bolt through-hole, the mounting hole of piling pond top cap in correspond the position be equipped with stud assorted screw hole, stud one end is passed the bolt through-hole on the apron and is screwed up on piling pond top cap, the stud other end compresses tightly the apron through the nut.
Further, the wedge-shaped pad is prepared by the following method: coating a metal sheet on the surface of the wedge-shaped graphite pad to form a wedge-shaped pad; the wedge-shaped graphite pad is prepared from flexible graphite. The surface of the wedge-shaped graphite pad is coated with the metal sheet, so that the flexible graphite is prevented from being compressed and extruded to cause deformation and reduce resilience.
Furthermore, the steam outlet connecting pipe and the upper end enclosure are formed by machining an integral forging, so that the deformation of the upper end enclosure with small size caused by welding of the steam outlet connecting pipe can be effectively avoided.
Furthermore, two lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged on the upper end enclosure in the 90-270-degree direction, and the lifting lugs are connected with the upper end enclosure in a welding mode; lug root and the local upper cover thickness that increases of upper cover contact department play similar welding backing plate's effect, can effectively avoid the deformation that the welding backing plate caused the upper cover.
Furthermore, the clamping ring is an annular thin plate, the circumferential direction of the upper surface of the clamping ring is provided with a thread counter bore, and when the wedge-shaped pad needs to be replaced, the clamping ring can be taken out or put into a sealing groove formed between the wedge-shaped pad and the bearing boss through a threaded rod. When the cover plate applies uneven pressure to the wedge-shaped pad, the pressing ring is arranged between the cover plate and the wedge-shaped pad, the cover plate applies even pressure to the wedge-shaped pad through the pressing ring, and the wedge-shaped pad is effectively prevented from being damaged by pressure.
Further, the tube plate assembly comprises an upper tube plate, a shell pass cylinder, an inner cylinder, a lower tube plate and a lower end enclosure; the upper tube plate is of a central hole-opening structure, the upper end of a central hole of the upper tube plate is connected with the lower end of an outer tube at the upper part of a downcomer in a welding mode, the lower end of the central hole of the upper tube plate is connected with the upper end of an inner tube, the lower end of the inner tube of the downcomer and the lower end of the inner tube are respectively connected with a lower tube plate in a welding mode, the lower end of the lower tube plate is connected with a lower end socket, the upper end of the outer side of the upper tube plate is connected with an upper end socket, and the lower end of the outer side of the upper tube plate is connected with a shell side barrel; and a tube bundle assembly is arranged in an annular space between the outer surface of the inner cylinder and the inner surface of the shell side cylinder.
Furthermore, the outer tube, the upper tube plate and the inner tube on the upper part of the downcomer are all made of 9Cr1MoV, and the inner tube of the downcomer is made of 316H. The outer pipe, the upper pipe plate and the inner cylinder at the upper part of the downcomer are made of materials with high temperature but low thermal expansion coefficient, and the inner pipe of the downcomer is made of materials with low temperature but high thermal expansion coefficient, so that the thermal expansion difference between the inner side and the outer side of the annular space can be eliminated to a certain extent by matching use.
Furthermore, the inner pipe of the downcomer is a spiral coil, and two ends of the spiral coil are reduced to the central axis in a space bending mode so as to facilitate connection of the two ends. The inner tube of the downcomer is in a spiral tube form, so that the thermal expansion difference between the inner tube of the downcomer and the outer tube at the upper part of the downcomer outside the annular space, between the upper tube plate and the inner tube can be further absorbed.
Further, the shell side cylinder is a cylinder, the upper end of the shell side cylinder is provided with an annular pore plate structure, and the annular pore plate structure is a primary side lead bismuth alloy inlet.
Furthermore, the upper circle of the lower tube plate is provided with heat transfer tube holes for being fixedly connected with the tube ends of the tube bundles; the center of the lower tube plate is provided with a through hole, and the tube end of the inner tube of the downcomer passes through the through hole of the lower tube plate and is fixedly connected with the through hole.
Furthermore, an escape hole A is arranged at the junction of the lower straight section of the outer side of the upper tube plate and the lower surface of the upper tube plate, and an escape hole B is arranged on the lower straight section of the outer side of the upper tube plate far away from the lower surface of the upper tube plate; the air escape holes A and the air escape holes B are all ring holes, and the diameter of the open hole of the air escape hole B is larger than that of the open hole of the air escape hole A.
Further, the bundle assembly includes a bundle and a bundle support assembly; the upper end of the tube bundle is connected with the upper tube plate in an expanded welding mode, the lower end of the tube bundle is connected with the lower tube plate in an expanded welding mode, and the tube bundle is supported by the tube bundle supporting assembly.
Furthermore, the tube bundle is composed of a plurality of layers of spiral heat exchange tubes with gradually increased spiral diameters, and the tube end of each layer of spiral heat exchange tube is straightened along the axial direction to form a straight tube; each layer of spiral heat exchange tube is formed by superposing a plurality of spiral single tubes; each spiral heat exchange tube has the same length, and the overall height of each spiral heat exchange tube with the same spiral diameter is the same. Through setting up reasonable spiral heat exchange tube longitudinal clearance, during same length, the pitch of the big spiral heat exchange tube of spiral diameter increases, and the spiral heat exchange tube pitch that the spiral diameter is little reduces for the overall height of the spiral heat exchange tube of each spiral diameter is unanimous, thereby each layer tube bank longitudinal clearance helical pitch has less difference. The length of each spiral heat exchange tube is consistent, so that water in each spiral heat exchange tube can be heated to the same degree, and superheated steam in a relatively consistent state is obtained.
Furthermore, a throttling device is arranged at an inlet at the lower end of the spiral heat exchange tube, namely at one side of the spiral heat exchange tube where feed water enters.
Furthermore, the throttling device is of a spiral groove structure, the installation is simple, the cross section of the flow channel is relatively large, the flow speed of the medium passing through the spiral channel is high, the blocking site is not easy to generate, and the using effect is good. The throttling device has the effect of increasing resistance to a certain extent, and avoids the problems that the flow of a medium entering each spiral heat exchange tube is large, the flowing is unstable, the steam difference of each spiral heat exchange tube is large, and the function disorder is caused.
Further, the tube bundle support assembly comprises an upper support ring plate, a lower support ring plate, a plurality of tie rods, a plurality of support bars, a plurality of spacer tubes and a plurality of tie rod nuts; a plurality of distance pipes are arranged between the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate; each layer of spiral heat exchange tubes is supported by supporting bars arranged along the direction of the four quadrant; the upper end of the supporting bar positioned outside the spiral heat exchange tube is welded with the upper supporting ring plate, and the lower end of the supporting bar positioned outside the spiral heat exchange tube is welded with the lower supporting ring plate; the lower surface of the upper tube plate is provided with pull rod holes matched with the pull rods in quantity, the upper end of each pull rod is in threaded connection with one pull rod hole in the upper tube plate, and the lower end of each pull rod penetrates through the upper supporting ring plate, one distance tube and the lower supporting ring plate and is connected with the lower supporting ring plate through a pull rod nut and a threaded nut.
Furthermore, the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate are respectively composed of an inner circular ring, an outer circular ring and a plurality of rib beams uniformly distributed along the circular direction, and the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring of the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate are fixedly connected through the plurality of rib beams uniformly distributed along the circular direction; a plurality of through holes are circumferentially formed in the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring of the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate, and a plurality of square holes are formed in each rib beam which is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; one end of each distance tube is fixed in a through hole on the upper support ring plate, and the other end of each distance tube is vertically fixed in a through hole on the lower support ring plate; the two ends of each pull rod are provided with threaded structures, the upper end of each pull rod is in threaded connection with one pull rod hole of the upper tube plate, the whole supporting assembly is fixedly connected with the upper tube plate through threads at the upper end of each pull rod, in order to prevent the threads from loosening in the using process, after the pull rods are screwed into the threads, the pull rods and the upper tube plate are firmly subjected to spot welding; the lower end of each pull rod sequentially vertically penetrates through a through hole in the upper supporting ring plate, a distance tube and a through hole in the lower supporting ring plate and is connected with the lower supporting ring plate through a pull rod nut and threaded nut; the upper end of each support bar positioned outside the spiral heat exchange tube is fixed in a square hole on the upper support ring plate, and the lower end of each support bar is vertically fixed in a square hole on the lower support ring plate.
Furthermore, the inner ring and the outer ring of the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate are connected and fixed through four ribs which are uniformly distributed along the ring direction; through holes with stepped counter bores on the upper and lower surfaces are circumferentially arranged on the inner circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate, and through holes with stepped counter bores on the upper and lower surfaces are circumferentially arranged on the outer circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate; six square holes are formed in the four rib beams which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Further, the equal circumference symmetry in the interior ring outside of going up supporting ring board and lower supporting ring board is equipped with a circular-arc breach, the equal circumference symmetry in the outer ring inboard of going up supporting ring board and lower supporting ring board is equipped with a circular-arc breach, and the spiral heat exchange tube passes the breach of interior ring and outer ring, under the condition that does not influence overall layout, promotes the intensity of going up supporting ring board and lower supporting ring board.
Furthermore, a plurality of through holes with stepped counter bores on the upper surface and the lower surface are circumferentially arranged on the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring of the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate; the upper end of the distance tube is matched with the step sink at the lower part of the upper support ring plate, and the lower end of the distance tube is matched with the step sink at the upper part of the lower support ring plate; the upper end of each distance tube is fixed in a step counter bore at the lower part of the upper support ring plate, and the lower end of each distance tube is vertically fixed in a step counter bore at the upper part of the lower support ring plate; the pull rod is of a structure with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, the diameter of the pull rod above the upper supporting ring plate is larger than that of the pull rod below the upper supporting ring plate, and a step matched with a step counter bore in the upper part of the upper supporting ring plate is arranged at the position of the pull rod with the diameter varying in the thickness direction; the step of each pull rod is just embedded into a step counter bore on the upper part of the upper supporting ring plate.
Furthermore, the lower end of the pull rod is provided with threads, a pull rod nut is sleeved on the lower portion of the pull rod, and the pull rod nut is screwed into the step counter bore in the lower portion of the lower supporting ring plate through the threads in the lower end of the pull rod. When the pull rod nut is screwed into the step counter bore at the lower part of the lower support ring, the pull rod nut and the lower end of the distance tube act together to firmly lock the lower support ring plate.
Furthermore, the pull rod nut comprises a pull rod nut cylindrical section and a pull rod nut hexagonal head section, the pull rod nut cylindrical section and the pull rod nut hexagonal head section are sequentially sleeved on the lower portion of the pull rod nut, the pull rod nut cylindrical section is matched with a step counter bore in the lower portion of the lower supporting ring plate, and the pull rod nut cylindrical section is screwed into the step counter bore in the lower portion of the lower supporting ring plate through threads at the lower end of the pull rod; in order to prevent the pull rod nut from loosening and causing adverse effects on the function of the equipment in the using process of the equipment, the spot welding between the pull rod nut and the pull rod is firm.
Furthermore, the supporting strips comprise supporting strips at the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube and supporting strips outside the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube; support notches are not needed to be arranged on the support bars on the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube, and semicircular support notches are uniformly arranged on the support bars outside the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube along the direction of the lift angle; the opening direction of the semicircular supporting notches and the supported tube bundle have the same lift angle, and meanwhile, the longitudinal interval between the adjacent supporting notches is consistent with the thread pitch of the supported tube bundle.
Further, the clearance between the distance tube and the pull rod is less than 0.1mm. When the pull rod is under the action of the buoyancy of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy, the distance tubes can well enhance the stability of the pressure bar of the thinned part of the pull rod, the strength of the distance tubes is basically equivalent to that of the thicker part of the upper side of the pull rod, and the anti-instability capability of the pull rod can be greatly improved under the combined action of the distance tubes.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
according to the lead bismuth pile steam generator, under a normal working condition, heat of a primary loop system is transferred to a working medium on the secondary side of the steam generator, and steam meeting requirements is generated to push a steam turbine to do work; part of waste heat generated by a loop system of the reactor is led out under the accident condition, so that the safety of the reactor is ensured; the first loop and the second loop are connected and are pressure boundaries of the first loop system and the second loop system; the reactor coolant is contained, and the second barrier is nuclear safety; the device can be set to be a miniaturized structure, is safe and efficient to operate, has high response speed, can be widely applied to structures such as vehicles and ships, and widens the utilization range of nuclear energy.
According to the lead bismuth pile steam generator, the heat insulation annular space is arranged on the outer side of the inner pipe of the descending pipe, so that the phenomenon that the secondary side feed water is heated by the liquid lead bismuth alloy in the descending process to generate supercooling boiling to form bubbles to reversely flow to cause abnormal equipment functions is effectively avoided; the materials of all parts outside the heat insulation annular space are 9Cr1MoV, the material of the inner tube of the downcomer is 316H, the former has high use temperature but low coefficient of thermal expansion, and the latter has low use temperature but high coefficient of thermal expansion, so that the thermal expansion difference between the two can be eliminated to a certain extent by matching use; the inner pipe of the downcomer is in a spiral pipe form, and the thermal expansion difference between the inner pipe of the downcomer and each part outside the annular space is further absorbed.
According to the lead-bismuth stack steam generator, the lead-bismuth stack steam generator and the top cover of the stack pool are sealed by the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure with the self-tightening sealing characteristic. When liquid lead-bismuth alloy is not filled in the reactor pool, the sealing surface A, the sealing surface B and the wedge-shaped pad are matched for use, so that the sealing of the primary side of the steam generator of the lead-bismuth pile with the outside is ensured. When liquid lead-bismuth alloy is filled into the reactor pool, buoyancy force borne by the steam generator can be decomposed into pressing force on the sealing surface A and the sealing surface B, so that the wedge-shaped gasket is pressed more tightly, and the self-tightening sealing effect is achieved; the cover plate is separated from the steam generator body, and the special use environment of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is combined, so that the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure can be a tighter self-tightening sealing structure under the normal use working condition.
According to the lead-bismuth pile steam generator, the air escape hole A is formed in the junction of the lower straight section of the outer side of the upper tube plate and the lower surface of the upper tube plate, the air escape hole B is formed in the lower straight section of the outer side of the upper tube plate far away from the lower surface of the upper tube plate, steam generated by an accident is timely discharged, and the lead-bismuth pile steam generator has an active effect on normal operation of the steam generator and a whole set of loop system.
According to the lead bismuth pile steam generator, the throttling device with the spiral groove structure is arranged at the inlet at the lower end of the spiral heat exchange tube, namely the side where feed water enters the spiral heat exchange tube. The installation is simple, and the runner cross-section is great relatively, and the velocity of flow when the medium passes through helical passage is higher, is difficult to produce the scene of jam, and the result of use is good. The throttling device has the effect of increasing resistance to a certain extent, and avoids the problems that the flow difference of media entering each spiral heat exchange tube is large, the flowing is unstable, the steam difference of each spiral heat exchange tube is large, and the function is disordered.
According to the lead-bismuth pile steam generator, a plurality of through holes with counterbores with steps on the upper surface and the lower surface are circumferentially arranged on the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring of the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate, so that a pull rod can penetrate through the through holes, and the pull rod is used for limiting the upper supporting ring plate and the lower supporting ring plate. The upper supporting ring plate is clamped and limited by the combined action of the reducing steps on the pull rod and the upper end of the distance tube. Whole supporting component passes through the screw thread of pull rod upper end and steam generator upper tube plate and is connected fixedly, and in order to prevent at the in-process that uses, the screw thread is not hard up, treats that the pull rod precession screw thread after, with the spot welding firm between pull rod and the tube sheet. When immersed in a hot reactor bath, the heated support assembly is free to expand on the side that is not itself constrained. The structure of each spiral pipe of the spiral pipe bundle is similar to a spring, although the spiral pipe bundle can well absorb thermal expansion, the spiral pipe bundle is relatively soft, the whole bundle assembly presents a better pipe gap under the support of the support assembly, and favorable conditions are provided for good heat exchange of the steam generator.
According to the lead bismuth pile steam generator, the support assembly is immersed in the high-temperature pile pool and also faces the buoyancy effect of the liquid lead bismuth alloy on the lead bismuth pile steam generator, the pull rod is designed into a structure with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, so that the pull rod has the effect of limiting the upper support ring plate on one hand, and has stronger rigidity on the other hand, and the stability of the pressure rod of the thin part of the pull rod is better under the buoyancy effect. Go up and set up the distance tube between supporting ring board and the lower supporting ring board, distance tube control goes up and supports between ring board and the lower supporting ring board distance, and the clearance between distance tube and the pull rod is less than 0.1mm simultaneously, and when the pull rod received the buoyancy effect of liquid lead bismuth alloy and acts on, the depression bar stability of reinforcing pull rod attenuate part that the distance tube can be fine, its intensity is corresponding with the thicker part of pull rod upside basically, and under many distance tube combined action, the anti unstability's of pull rod ability is promoted greatly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam generator of a lead bismuth stack according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a downcomer assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper head assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a wedge ring seal arrangement;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lifting lug structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a tube sheet assembly construction;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a bundle assembly configuration;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the bundle support assembly;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view (front) of the bundle support assembly;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view (side) of the tube bundle support assembly;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a throttle device;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the upper/lower support ring plate structure;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 11 at 1;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 11 taken at 2;
FIG. 16 is a left side view of the support strip outside of the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube;
FIG. 17 is a top view of the support strip outside the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the steam generator of the lead bismuth stack of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a pressure ring configuration;
FIG. 20 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a spiral heat exchange tube;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a fastener construction;
fig. 23 is a top view of the upper head;
FIG. 24 is a perspective view of a tube bundle.
In the figure: 1. a downcomer assembly; 2. an upper end enclosure assembly; 3. a top cover of the reactor; 4. a tube sheet assembly; 5. a bundle assembly; 11. an inlet connection pipe; 12. an outer pipe at the upper part of the downcomer; 13. an inner tube of a downcomer; 21. a cover plate; 22. a fastener; 23. a wedge-shaped pad; 24. an upper end enclosure; 25. pressing a ring; 26. a sealing surface A; 27. a sealing surface B; 28. a load-bearing boss; 41. an upper tube sheet; 42. a shell-side cylinder; 43. an inner barrel; 44. a lower tube plate; 45. sealing the end; 46. an air escape hole A; 47. an air escape hole B; 51. a spiral heat exchange tube; 52. a pull rod; 53. an upper support ring plate; 54. a supporting strip; 55. a distance tube; 56. a lower support ring plate; 57. a draw bar nut; 221. a washer 221A; 222. a butterfly spring; 223. a washer 221B; 241. a lifting lug 241; 541. a support bar at the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube; 542. a support bar outside the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube; 571. a pull rod nut cylindrical section; 572. a pull rod nut hexagon head section; n1, a secondary side inlet; n2, a secondary side outlet; n3, a primary side inlet; n4, primary side outlet.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "left end", "right end", "above", "below", "outside", "inside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a steam generator for a lead bismuth stack, which comprises a downcomer component 1, an upper head component 2, a tube plate component 4 and a tube bundle component 5; the upper side of the descending pipe assembly 1 is connected with an upper end enclosure assembly 2, and the lower end of the descending pipe assembly 1 is connected with a pipe plate assembly 4 to form a closed annular space; the upper end enclosure assembly 2 is connected with the tube plate assembly 4; a tube bundle assembly 5 is arranged in the annular space of the tube plate assembly 4; the end of the tube bundle assembly 5 is connected with the tube plate assembly 4.
When the lead bismuth pile steam generator is used for a pool type lead bismuth reactor, a pile pool top cover 3 is arranged above the pool type lead bismuth reactor, and the upper sealing head assembly 2 is connected with the pile pool top cover 3 of the pool type lead bismuth reactor.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the downcomer assembly 1 comprises an inlet nipple 11, a downcomer upper outer tube 12 and a downcomer inner tube 13; the inlet connecting pipe 11 comprises an external connecting pipe and an internal connecting pipe, the lower end of the external connecting pipe of the inlet connecting pipe 11 is connected with the upper end of an outer pipe 12 on the upper part of the downcomer, the lower end of the internal connecting pipe of the inlet connecting pipe 11 is connected with the upper end of an inner pipe 13 of the downcomer, and the upper side of the outer pipe 12 on the upper part of the downcomer is connected with the upper end socket component 2; the lower end of the outer tube 12 at the upper part of the downcomer and the lower end of the inner tube 13 of the downcomer are respectively welded with the tube plate assembly 4; and a closed annular space is formed among the inlet connecting pipe 11, the outer pipe 12 at the upper part of the downcomer, the inner pipe 13 of the downcomer and the pipe plate assembly 4, and heat insulation media are filled in the annular space.
Further, the heat insulating medium is argon gas, and insulates the secondary side feed water in the downcomer inner pipe 13. When the secondary side feed water passes through the inner tube 13 of the downcomer, the argon in the annular space can effectively prevent the secondary side feed water from being heated by the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the descending process to generate supercooling boiling, and form bubbles to flow backwards, so that the function of the equipment is abnormal.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the upper head assembly 2 includes an upper head 24 and a wedge-shaped ring sealing structure, a through hole with a groove is arranged in the center of the upper head 24, and the upper side of the outer tube 12 on the upper portion of the downcomer is connected with the groove in the through hole in the center of the upper head 24 in a welding manner; the lower end of the upper end enclosure 24 is connected with the tube plate assembly 4; a steam outlet connecting pipe is arranged on the upper end enclosure 24, and a bearing boss 28 is arranged on the lower side of the upper end enclosure 24; the upper seal head 24 is in self-tightening sealing connection with the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure.
When the lead bismuth pile steam generator is used for a pool type lead bismuth reactor, a pile pool top cover 3 is arranged above the pool type lead bismuth reactor; the bearing boss 28 is matched with a mounting counter bore of the stack pool top cover 3, the bearing boss 28 is mounted in the mounting counter bore of the stack pool top cover 3, and the lead bismuth stack steam generator is limited and supported by the bearing boss 28 to bear the weight of the whole lead bismuth stack steam generator. The upper seal head 24 and the top cover 3 of the reactor realize sealing through a wedge-shaped ring sealing structure.
Further, referring to fig. 4, the wedge ring sealing structure includes a cover plate 21, a pressing ring 25, a fastener 22, a wedge pad 23, a sealing surface a 26, and a sealing surface B27; a sealing surface A26 and a sealing surface B27 are arranged on the upper side of the upper end enclosure 24, the sealing surface A26 and the sealing surface B27 form a wedge-shaped accommodating space, a wedge-shaped pad 23 is placed in the wedge-shaped accommodating space, and the sealing surface A26, the sealing surface B27 and the wedge-shaped pad 23 are matched for use, so that the sealing of the primary side of the lead bismuth stack steam generator and the outside is ensured; the cover plate 21 is connected with the fastener 22 through bolts and nuts, and a pressing ring 25 is arranged between the cover plate 21 and the wedge-shaped pad 23.
When the lead bismuth pile steam generator is used for a pool type lead bismuth reactor, and when liquid lead bismuth alloy is not filled in the pool type lead bismuth reactor, the mounting sequence of the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure sequentially comprises the following steps: the bearing boss 28 falls into a mounting counter bore of the top cover of the stack pool, the lead bismuth stack steam generator is mounted on the top cover 3 of the stack pool, and then the wedge-shaped pad 23, the pressure ring 25 and the cover plate 21 are sequentially mounted; the cover plate 21 tightly presses the lead bismuth pile steam generator on the pile pool top cover 3 through a fastener 22, the pre-tightening force is transmitted to the wedge-shaped pad 23 through the cover plate 21 and a press ring 25 through the fastener 22, and the wedge-shaped pad 23 is tightly pressed on a sealing surface A26 and a sealing surface B27; the sealing surface A26, the sealing surface B27 and the wedge-shaped gasket 23 are matched for use, so that the sealing between the primary side of the lead-bismuth pile steam generator and the outside is ensured.
When the lead bismuth pile steam generator is used for a pool type lead bismuth pile reactor, and when liquid lead bismuth alloy is filled in the pool type lead bismuth pile reactor, the density of the lead bismuth alloy is higher than that of all materials used by the lead bismuth pile steam generator, so that the device is in a floating state in the liquid lead bismuth alloy, but the immersion volume is larger, and the device can be subjected to larger buoyancy. The buoyancy force applied to the steam generator is decomposed into pressing forces on the sealing surface a 26 and the sealing surface B27, so that the wedge-shaped gasket 23 is pressed more tightly, and the self-tightening sealing effect is achieved. The cover plate 21 is separated from the steam generator body, and the special use environment of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy is combined, so that the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure can be a tighter self-tightening sealing structure under the normal use working condition.
Further, referring to fig. 3, 4 and 22, the cover plate 21 is a flange-like ring structure; the fastener 22 comprises a stud, a washer, a disc spring and a nut; the outer edge of the cover plate 21 is provided with a bolt through hole matched with the stud; one end of the stud penetrates through a bolt through hole in the cover plate 21, and the other end of the stud compresses the cover plate 21 through a nut; and a washer A221, a plurality of disc springs 222 and a washer B223 are sequentially arranged between the stud bolt and the nut.
When the lead bismuth pile steam generator is used for a pool type lead bismuth reactor, the outer edge of the cover plate 21 is provided with a bolt through hole matched with the stud, a threaded hole matched with the stud is arranged in a corresponding position in the mounting hole of the pile pool top cover 3, one end of the stud passes through the bolt through hole on the cover plate 21 and is screwed on the pile pool top cover 3, and the other end of the stud compresses the cover plate 21 through a nut. The lead bismuth stack steam generator is pressed on the base of the stack top cover 3 through the cover plate 21 by the pretightening force of the fastener 22. And the quantity of the disc springs is calculated according to the maximum temperature change condition of the system design working condition, and the disc springs are used for making up the working condition change of the bolt connection structure and the relaxation quantity during creep deformation. Further, the wedge pad 23 is prepared by the following method: coating a metal sheet on the surface of the wedge-shaped graphite pad to form a wedge-shaped pad 23; the wedge-shaped graphite pad is prepared from flexible graphite. The surface of the wedge-shaped graphite pad is coated with the metal sheet, so that the flexible graphite is prevented from being compressed and extruded to cause deformation and reduce resilience.
Further, the steam outlet connecting pipe and the upper end enclosure 24 are machined by an integral forging, so that deformation of the upper end enclosure 24 with a small size due to welding of the steam outlet connecting pipe can be effectively avoided.
Further, referring to fig. 5 and 23, two lifting lugs 241 are symmetrically arranged on the upper end enclosure 24 in the diameter directions of 90 ° and 270 °, and the lifting lugs 241 are welded to the upper end enclosure 24; the lug 241 root locally increases the upper head thickness with the contact position of upper head 24, plays the effect of similar welding backing plate, can effectively avoid the welding backing plate to the deformation that upper head 24 caused.
Further, referring to fig. 3, 4, 19 and 20, the pressing ring 25 is an annular thin plate, and a threaded counter bore is circumferentially formed in the upper surface of the pressing ring 25 and used for taking out or putting the pressing ring 25 into a sealing groove formed between the wedge-shaped pad 23 and the bearing boss 28 through a threaded rod. When the cover plate 21 applies uneven pressure to the wedge-shaped pad 23, the pressing ring 25 is arranged between the cover plate 21 and the wedge-shaped pad 23, the pressing ring 25 enables the cover plate 21 to apply even pressure to the wedge-shaped pad 23, and the wedge-shaped pad 23 is effectively prevented from being damaged by pressure.
Further, referring to fig. 6, the tube sheet assembly 4 includes an upper tube sheet 41, a shell-side cylinder 42, an inner cylinder 43, a lower tube sheet 44, and a lower head 45; the upper tube plate 41 is of a central hole-opening structure, the upper end of the central hole of the upper tube plate 41 is connected with the lower end of the outer tube 12 at the upper part of the downcomer in a welding manner, the lower end of the central hole of the upper tube plate 41 is connected with the upper end of the inner tube 43, the lower end of the inner tube 13 and the lower end of the inner tube 43 of the downcomer are respectively connected with the lower tube plate 44 in a welding manner, the lower end of the lower tube plate 44 is connected with the lower end enclosure 45, the upper end of the outer side of the upper tube plate 41 is connected with the upper end enclosure 24, and the lower end of the outer side of the upper tube plate 41 is connected with the shell side barrel 42; the bundle assembly 5 is disposed in the annular space between the outer surface of the inner barrel 43 and the inner surface of the shell-side barrel 42.
The inner side of the annular space is a downcomer inner pipe 13, and the outer side of the annular space is composed of an inlet connecting pipe 11, an upper downcomer outer pipe 12, an upper pipe plate 41, a lower pipe plate 44 and an inner cylinder 43. The secondary side feed water flows in the inner tube 13 of the downcomer, the temperature is relatively low, the temperature of each part outside the annular space is high, and the structural strength is adversely affected due to the thermal expansion difference between the inner side and the outer side of the annular space.
In order to solve the above problem, the materials of the outer tube 12, the upper tube plate 41 and the inner tube 43 at the upper part of the downcomer are all 9Cr1MoV, and the material of the inner tube 13 of the downcomer is 316H. The upper outer tube 12, the upper tube plate 41 and the inner tube 43 of the downcomer are made of materials with high temperature and low thermal expansion coefficient, and the inner tube 13 of the downcomer is made of materials with low temperature and high thermal expansion coefficient, so that the thermal expansion difference between the inner side and the outer side of the annular space can be eliminated to a certain extent by matching.
For the safety of the equipment, further, the inner pipe 13 of the downcomer is a spiral coil, and both ends of the spiral coil are reduced to the central axis in a space-bending manner, so that the two ends are connected. The inner downcomer pipe 13 is in the form of a coil to further absorb the thermal expansion difference between the inner downcomer pipe 13 and the outer downcomer upper pipe 12, the upper tube sheet 41 and the inner tube 43 outside the annular space.
Further, the shell-side cylinder 42 is a cylinder, and the upper end of the shell-side cylinder is an annular pore plate structure, which is a primary side lead bismuth alloy inlet.
Further, the lower tube plate 44 is provided with heat transfer tube holes in two circles for fixedly connecting with the tube ends of the tube bundle; the center of the lower tube plate 44 is provided with a through hole, and the tube end of the inner tube 13 of the downcomer passes through the through hole of the lower tube plate 44 and is fixedly connected with the through hole.
Further, referring to fig. 7, an air escape hole a 46 is arranged at a junction between a lower straight section of the outer side of the upper tube plate 41 and the lower surface of the upper tube plate 41, and an air escape hole B47 is arranged on a lower straight section of the outer side of the upper tube plate 41 away from the lower surface of the upper tube plate 41; the air holes A46 and B47 are circular holes, and the diameter of the hole of the air hole B47 is larger than that of the hole of the air hole A46.
The escape holes have the effects that when the heat transfer pipe of the steam generator is damaged, water in the pipe can be heated into steam by lead bismuth and escapes upwards, if the steam is not discharged in time, the steam can be held back in the shell side cylinder body, on one hand, the steam cannot be discharged in time, and the pressure in the reactor is increased; on the other hand, the sensor can not detect the pipe breaking accident in time, and reasonable shutdown measures are taken. The arrangement of the air escape holes has positive effects on the normal operation of the steam generator and the whole loop system. The air escape holes A46 are used for discharging a small amount of steam generated by a small break accident of the heat transfer pipe; the air escape hole B47 is used for timely discharging steam generated by accidents of large bevels of the heat transfer pipe; the air escape holes a 46 also have an important function in that they are tangential to the lower surface of the upper tube sheet 41 and serve to exhaust the generated steam.
Further, the bundle assembly 5 includes a bundle and a bundle support assembly; the upper end of the tube bundle is connected with the upper tube plate 41 in an expansion welding mode, the lower end of the tube bundle is connected with the lower tube plate 44 in an expansion welding mode, and the tube bundle is supported by the tube bundle supporting assembly.
Further, the tube bundle is composed of a plurality of layers of spiral heat exchange tubes 51 with gradually increased spiral diameters, and the tube end of each layer of spiral heat exchange tube 51 is straightened along the axial direction to form a straight tube; each layer of spiral heat exchange tube 51 is formed by superposing a plurality of spiral single tubes; in the multilayer spiral heat exchange tubes 51, the space requirement of a supporting mode is fully considered among layers, and the tube length of a single spiral heat exchange tube 51 is determined according to the thermal requirement; through setting up reasonable spiral heat exchange tube longitudinal clearance, during same length, the pitch of the big spiral heat exchange tube 51 of spiral diameter increases, and the spiral heat exchange tube pitch that the spiral diameter is little reduces for the overall height of the spiral heat exchange tube of each spiral diameter is unanimous, thereby each layer tube bank longitudinal clearance helical pitch has less difference. Each spiral heat exchange tube 51 has the same length, so that the water in each spiral heat exchange tube 51 can be heated to the same degree, and superheated steam with the same state is obtained. Since the length of each spiral heat exchange tube 51 is the same, the pitch of the spiral heat exchange tubes 51 of different layers is not the same.
Further, a throttling device is arranged at the inlet of the lower end of the spiral heat exchange pipe 51, namely at the side of the feed water entering the spiral heat exchange pipe 51.
Further, referring to fig. 12, the throttling device is a spiral groove structure, the installation is simple, the cross section of the flow channel is relatively large, the flow speed of the medium passing through the spiral channel is high, a blocked site is not easy to generate, and the using effect is good. The throttling device has the effect of increasing resistance to a certain extent, and avoids the problems that the flow difference of media entering each spiral heat exchange tube 51 is large, so that the flowing is unstable, the steam difference of each spiral heat exchange tube 51 is large, and the function disorder is caused.
8-11, 21, the bundle support assembly includes an upper support ring plate 53, a lower support ring plate 56, a plurality of tie rods 52, a plurality of support bars 54, a plurality of spacer tubes 55, and a plurality of tie rod nuts 57; a plurality of distance pipes 55 are arranged between the upper support ring plate 53 and the lower support ring plate 56; each layer of the spiral heat exchange tubes 51 is supported by support bars 54 arranged in the quadrant direction; the upper end of the supporting bar 54 positioned outside the spiral heat exchange tube 51 is welded with the upper supporting ring plate 53, and the lower end of the supporting bar 54 positioned outside the spiral heat exchange tube 51 is welded with the lower supporting ring plate 56; the lower surface of the upper tube plate 41 is provided with pull rod holes with the number matched with that of the pull rods, the upper end of each pull rod 52 is in threaded connection with one pull rod hole on the upper tube plate 41, and the lower end of each pull rod passes through the upper supporting ring plate 53, one distance tube 55 and the lower supporting ring plate 56 and is in threaded nut connection with the lower supporting ring plate 56 through a pull rod nut 57.
Further, referring to fig. 13, each of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56 is composed of an inner ring, an outer ring and a plurality of ribs uniformly distributed along the ring direction, and the inner ring and the outer ring of each of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56 are connected and fixed by the plurality of ribs uniformly distributed along the ring direction; a plurality of through holes are circumferentially formed in the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56, and a plurality of square holes are formed in each rib beam which is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; one end of each distance tube 55 is fixed to a through hole on the upper support ring plate 53, and the other end is vertically fixed to a through hole on the lower support ring plate 56; the two ends of each pull rod 52 are provided with threaded structures, the upper end of each pull rod is in threaded connection with one pull rod hole of the upper tube plate 41, the whole support assembly is fixedly connected with the upper tube plate 41 through the threads at the upper end of the pull rod 52, in order to prevent the threads from loosening in the using process, and after the pull rod 52 is screwed into the threads, the spot welding between the pull rod 52 and the upper tube plate 41 is firm; the lower end of each pull rod sequentially vertically penetrates through a through hole in the upper supporting ring plate 53, a distance tube 55 and a through hole in the lower supporting ring plate 56, and is connected with the lower supporting ring plate 56 through a pull rod nut 57 in a threaded nut manner; each support bar 54 located outside the spiral heat exchange tube 51 has an upper end fixed to a square hole of the upper support ring plate 53 and a lower end vertically fixed to a square hole of the lower support ring plate 56.
Further, referring to fig. 13, the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56 are connected and fixed by four ribs uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the inner circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56 are circumferentially provided with 4 through holes with counterbores on the upper and lower surfaces, and the outer circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56 are circumferentially provided with 8 through holes with counterbores on the upper and lower surfaces; six square holes are formed in the four rib beams which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Because the structural compactness is particularly emphasized in the design process of the lead bismuth stack steam generator, the space inside the tube bundle is limited, and the space of the projection area of the tube bundle is necessary to improve the strength of the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56 in the limited space without influencing the arrangement of the spiral tube bundle.
Further, referring to fig. 13, 2 circular-arc-shaped notches are symmetrically and circumferentially arranged on the outer sides of the inner circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56, 4 circular-arc-shaped notches are symmetrically and circumferentially arranged on the inner sides of the outer circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56, and the spiral heat exchange tube 51 penetrates through the notches of the inner circular rings and the outer circular rings, so that the strength of the upper supporting ring plate 53 and the lower supporting ring plate 56 is improved without affecting the overall layout.
Further, referring to fig. 14-15, a plurality of through holes with stepped counterbores on the upper and lower surfaces are circumferentially arranged on the inner and outer circular rings of the upper and lower supporting ring plates 53 and 56; the upper end of the distance tube 55 is matched with the step sink at the lower part of the upper supporting ring plate 53, and the lower end of the distance tube 55 is matched with the step sink at the upper part of the lower supporting ring plate 56; the upper end of each distance tube 55 is fixed in a step counter bore at the lower part of the upper supporting ring plate 53, and the lower end is vertically fixed in a step counter bore at the upper part of the lower supporting ring plate 56; the pull rod 52 is of a structure with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, the diameter of the pull rod 52 above the upper supporting ring plate 53 is larger than that of the pull rod 52 below the upper supporting ring plate 53, and a step matched with a step counter bore on the upper part of the upper supporting ring plate 53 is arranged at the position of the pull rod 52 with the variable thickness; the step of each tie rod 52 is just embedded in a step counter bore at the upper part of the upper support ring plate 53, so that the upper support ring plate 53 is prevented from sliding upwards along the tie rod 52, and the diameter of the tie rod 52 below the upper support ring plate 53 is reduced so as to facilitate the tie rod 52 to pass through the upper support ring plate 53 and the lower support ring plate 56 which are not wide originally.
A plurality of through holes with counterbores on the upper and lower surfaces are circumferentially arranged on the inner ring and the outer ring of the upper support ring plate 53 and the lower support ring plate 56 respectively, so that the pull rod 52 can penetrate through the through holes on the one hand, and the through holes are used for limiting the upper support ring plate 53 and the lower support ring plate 56 on the other hand. The reducing step on the pull rod 52 and the upper end of the distance tube 55 cooperate to clamp and limit the upper support ring plate 53.
Further, referring to fig. 15, the lower end of the pull rod 52 is provided with threads, a pull rod nut 57 is sleeved on the lower portion of the pull rod 52, and the pull rod nut 57 is screwed into the stepped counter bore on the lower portion of the lower support ring plate 56 through the threads on the lower end of the pull rod 52. When the pull rod nut 57 is screwed into the stepped counter bore at the lower part of the lower support ring, the pull rod nut and the lower end of the distance tube 55 work together to firmly lock the lower support ring plate 56.
Further, referring to fig. 15, the draw rod nut 57 includes a draw rod nut cylindrical section 571 and a draw rod nut hexagonal head section 572, the lower portion of the draw rod nut 19 is sequentially sleeved with the draw rod nut cylindrical section 571 and the draw rod nut hexagonal head section 572, the draw rod nut cylindrical section 571 is matched with the step counter bore at the lower portion of the lower support ring plate 56, and the draw rod nut cylindrical section 571 is screwed into the step counter bore at the lower portion of the lower support ring plate 56 through the thread at the lower end of the draw rod 52; in order to prevent the pull rod nut 57 from loosening during use of the device, which adversely affects the function of the device, the spot welding between the pull rod nut 57 and the pull rod 52 is secured.
Further, referring to fig. 9-11, 16-17, 24, the support bars 54 include support bars 541 inboard of the innermost spiral heat exchange tubes and support bars 542 outboard of the inboard of the innermost spiral heat exchange tubes; support notches are not needed on the support bars 541 at the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube, and semicircular support notches are uniformly arranged on the support bars 542 outside the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube along the lifting angle direction; the opening direction of the semicircular supporting notches has the same lead angle with the supported tube bundle, and meanwhile, the longitudinal interval between the adjacent supporting notches is kept consistent with the thread pitch of the supported tube bundle.
The utility model discloses a pond top cover 3, including apron 21 outward flange, pile pond top cover 3, the corresponding position is equipped with in the mounting hole of apron 21 with stud assorted bolt through-hole, stud one end is passed the bolt through-hole on the apron 21 and is screwed up on piling pond top cover 3, the stud other end compresses tightly apron 21 through the nut. The steam generator of the lead bismuth pile is pressed on the base of the pile top cover 3 through a cover plate 21 by the pretightening force of a fastener 22. The number of disc springs is calculated according to the maximum temperature change condition of the system design working condition, and the disc springs are used for making up the working condition change of the bolt connection structure and the relaxation amount during creep deformation.
The support assembly is generally similar to a basket structure, with the entire tube bundle being supported by a plurality of tie rods 52. When the support assembly is immersed in the hot stack, the heat causes the unconstrained side of the support assembly to expand freely. The spiral heat exchange tubes of the tube bundle are similar to springs in structure, can well absorb thermal expansion, but are relatively soft, and the whole tube bundle is supported by the support assembly to present reasonable tube gaps meeting design requirements, so that favorable flow channel conditions are provided for good heat exchange of the steam generator.
The supporting component is immersed in the high-temperature reactor pool and also faces the buoyancy effect of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy on the supporting component, the pull rod 52 is designed into a structure with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, on one hand, the pull rod has the effect of limiting the upper supporting ring plate 53, on the other hand, the pull rod has stronger rigidity, and when the pull rod is subjected to the buoyancy effect, the stability of the pressure rod of the thinned part of the pull rod 52 is better.
Go up and set up distance tube 55 between supporting ring board 53 and the lower supporting ring board 56, distance tube 55 control goes up and supports between ring board 53 and the lower supporting ring board 5 distance, the clearance between distance tube 55 and the pull rod 52 is less than 0.1mm simultaneously, when pull rod 52 receives the buoyancy effect of liquid lead bismuth alloy and acts on, the depression bar stability of reinforcing pull rod 52 tapering part that distance tube 55 can be fine, its intensity is equal with the thicker part of pull rod 52 upside basically, under many distance tubes 55 combined action, can promote the anti unstability ability of pull rod 52 greatly.
Referring to fig. 18, when the steam generator of the lead bismuth pile of the invention is used in a pool type lead bismuth pile, the primary side lead bismuth medium enters the shell from the annular grid hole at the upper part of the shell, flows from top to bottom, and flows out from the bottom of the shell. The secondary side feed water enters the feed water downcomer from the inlet connecting pipe, flows back in the bottom lower end socket, enters the spiral tube bundle, performs countercurrent heat exchange with the primary side fluid in the spiral tube bundle to become superheated steam, and is discharged from the secondary side steam outlet. Under normal working conditions, the steam generator transfers heat of a primary loop system to a working medium on the secondary side of the steam generator and generates steam meeting requirements so as to push a steam turbine to do work; under the accident condition, partial waste heat generated by a primary loop system of the reactor is led out, and the safety of the reactor core of the reactor is ensured.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (28)
1. The lead bismuth pile steam generator is characterized by comprising a downcomer component (1), an upper seal head component (2), a tube plate component (4) and a tube bundle component (5); the upper side of the downcomer component (1) is connected with the upper end enclosure component (2), and the lower end of the downcomer component (1) is connected with the tube plate component (4) to form a closed annular space; the upper end enclosure assembly (2) is connected with the tube plate assembly (4); a tube bundle assembly (5) is arranged in the annular space of the tube plate assembly (4); the end part of the tube bundle assembly (5) is connected with the tube plate assembly (4).
2. The lead bismuth stack steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the downcomer assembly (1) comprises an inlet nozzle (11), a downcomer upper outer tube (12) and a downcomer inner tube (13); the inlet connecting pipe (11) comprises an outer connecting pipe and an inner connecting pipe, the lower end of the outer connecting pipe of the inlet connecting pipe (11) is connected with the upper end of an outer pipe (12) at the upper part of a descending pipe, the lower end of the inner connecting pipe of the inlet connecting pipe (11) is connected with the upper end of an inner pipe (13) of the descending pipe, and the upper side of the outer pipe (12) at the upper part of the descending pipe is connected with the upper end socket assembly (2); the lower end of the outer tube (12) at the upper part of the downcomer and the lower end of the inner tube (13) of the downcomer are respectively connected with the tube plate assembly (4); and a closed annular space is formed among the inlet connecting pipe (11), the outer pipe (12) at the upper part of the downcomer, the inner pipe (13) of the downcomer and the pipe plate assembly (4), and heat insulation media are filled in the annular space.
3. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 2 wherein the insulating medium is argon.
4. The lead bismuth pile steam generator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner tube (13) of the downcomer is a spiral coil, and two ends of the spiral coil are reduced to the central axis in a space-bending manner.
5. The lead bismuth pile steam generator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper head assembly (2) comprises an upper head (24) and a wedge-shaped ring sealing structure, a through hole with a groove is arranged in the center of the upper head (24), and the upper side of the outer tube (12) on the upper part of the downcomer is welded with the groove in the through hole in the center of the upper head (24); the lower end of the upper end enclosure (24) is connected with the tube plate assembly (4); a steam outlet connecting pipe is arranged on the upper end enclosure (24), and a bearing boss 28 is arranged on the lower side of the upper end enclosure (24); the upper seal head (24) is in self-tightening sealing connection with the wedge-shaped ring sealing structure.
6. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 4, wherein the steam outlet connection and the upper head (24) are machined from a single forging.
7. The lead-bismuth stack steam generator according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper head (24) is symmetrically provided with two lifting lugs (241) in the direction of 90-270 degrees, and the lifting lugs (241) are welded with the upper head (24); the contact part of the root of the lifting lug (241) and the upper seal head (24) is locally increased in the thickness of the upper seal head.
8. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 4, wherein the wedge ring seal structure comprises a cover plate (21), a press ring (25), a fastener (22), a wedge pad (23), a seal face A (26) and a seal face B (27); a sealing surface A (26) and a sealing surface B (27) are arranged on the upper side of the upper end enclosure (24), the sealing surface A (26) and the sealing surface B (27) form a wedge-shaped accommodating space, and a wedge-shaped pad (23) is placed in the wedge-shaped accommodating space; the cover plate (21) is connected with the fastener (22) through bolts and nuts, and a pressing ring (25) is arranged between the cover plate (21) and the wedge-shaped pad (23).
9. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 8, wherein the cover plate (21) is a flange-like ring structure; the fastener (22) comprises a stud, a washer, a disc spring and a nut; the outer edge of the cover plate (21) is provided with a bolt through hole matched with the stud; one end of the stud penetrates through a bolt through hole in the cover plate (21), and the other end of the stud compresses the cover plate (21) through a nut; and a washer, a plurality of disc springs and a washer are sequentially arranged between the stud and the nut.
10. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 8, wherein the wedge-shaped pad (23) is prepared by: coating a metal sheet on the surface of the wedge-shaped graphite pad to form a wedge-shaped pad (23); the wedge-shaped graphite pad is prepared from flexible graphite.
11. The steam generator of the lead-bismuth stack is characterized in that the pressing ring (25) is an annular thin plate, and the upper surface of the pressing ring (25) is provided with a threaded counter bore.
12. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 4, wherein the tube plate assembly (4) comprises an upper tube plate (41), a shell-side cylinder (42), an inner cylinder (43), a lower tube plate (44) and a lower head (45); the upper tube plate (41) is of a central hole opening structure, the upper end of a central hole of the upper tube plate (41) is connected with the lower end of an outer tube (12) at the upper part of a downcomer in a welding mode, the lower end of the central hole of the upper tube plate (41) is connected with the upper end of an inner tube (43), the lower end of an inner tube (13) and the lower end of the inner tube (43) of the downcomer are respectively connected with a lower tube plate (44) in a welding mode, the lower end of the lower tube plate (44) is connected with a lower end enclosure (45), the upper end of the outer side of the upper tube plate (41) is connected with an upper end enclosure (24), and the lower end of the outer side of the upper tube plate (41) is connected with a shell pass cylinder (42); and a tube bundle assembly (5) is arranged in an annular space between the outer surface of the inner cylinder (43) and the inner surface of the shell side cylinder (42).
13. The lead-bismuth stack steam generator according to claim 12, characterized in that the upper outer tube (12), the upper tube plate (41) and the inner tube (43) of the downcomer are made of 9Cr1MoV, and the inner tube (13) of the downcomer is made of 316H.
14. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 12, wherein the shell side cylinder (42) is a cylinder with an annular orifice plate structure at the upper end, the annular orifice plate structure being the primary side lead bismuth alloy inlet.
15. The lead bismuth pile steam generator according to claim 12, wherein the lower tube plate (44) is provided with heat transfer tube holes in two circles, and the heat transfer tube holes are fixedly connected with tube ends of a tube bundle; the center of the lower tube plate (44) is provided with a through hole, and the tube end of the inner tube (13) of the downcomer passes through the through hole of the lower tube plate (44) and is fixedly connected with the through hole.
16. The steam generator of the lead-bismuth stack as claimed in claim 12, wherein the lower straight section outside the upper tube plate (41) is provided with an air escape hole A (46) at the junction with the lower surface of the upper tube plate (41), and the lower straight section outside the upper tube plate (41) far away from the lower surface of the upper tube plate (41) is provided with an air escape hole B (47); the air escape holes A (46) and B (47) are all ring holes, and the opening diameter of the air escape holes B (47) is larger than that of the air escape holes A (46).
17. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 12 wherein the bundle assembly (5) comprises a bundle and a bundle support assembly; the upper end of the tube bundle is connected with the upper tube plate (41) in an expansion welding mode, the lower end of the tube bundle is connected with the lower tube plate (44) in an expansion welding mode, and the tube bundle is supported by the tube bundle supporting assembly.
18. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 17, wherein the tube bundle is composed of a plurality of layers of spiral heat exchange tubes (51) with increasing spiral diameter, and the tube end of each layer of spiral heat exchange tubes (51) is straightened along the axial direction to form a straight tube; each layer of spiral heat exchange tube (51) is formed by superposing a plurality of spiral single tubes; each spiral heat exchange tube (51) has the same length, and the overall height of each spiral heat exchange tube (51) with the same spiral diameter is consistent.
19. The lead bismuth stack steam generator as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that the inlet of the lower end of the spiral heat exchange tube (51) is provided with a throttling device.
20. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 19, wherein the throttling means is a spiral groove structure.
21. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 17 wherein the tube bundle support assembly includes an upper support ring plate (53), a lower support ring plate (56), a plurality of tie rods (52), a plurality of support bars (54), a plurality of spacer tubes (55), and a plurality of tie rod nuts (57); a plurality of distance pipes (55) are arranged between the upper supporting ring plate (53) and the lower supporting ring plate (56); each layer of spiral heat exchange tubes (51) is supported by supporting bars (54) arranged along the four-quadrant direction; the upper end of a supporting strip (54) positioned on the outer side of the spiral heat exchange tube (51) is welded with the upper supporting ring plate (53), and the lower end of the supporting strip (54) positioned on the outer side of the spiral heat exchange tube (51) is welded with the lower supporting ring plate (56); the lower surface of the upper tube plate (41) is provided with pull rod holes matched with the number of the pull rods, the upper end of each pull rod (52) is in threaded connection with one pull rod hole in the upper tube plate (41), and the lower end of each pull rod penetrates through the upper supporting ring plate (53), one distance tube (55) and the lower supporting ring plate (56) and is in threaded nut connection with the lower supporting ring plate (56) through a pull rod nut (57).
22. The lead bismuth stack steam generator according to claim 21, wherein the upper support ring plate (53) and the lower support ring plate (56) are composed of an inner ring, an outer ring and a plurality of ribs uniformly distributed along the ring direction, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the upper support ring plate (53) and the lower support ring plate (56) are fixedly connected through the plurality of ribs uniformly distributed along the ring direction; a plurality of through holes are circumferentially formed in the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring of the upper supporting ring plate (53) and the lower supporting ring plate (56), and a plurality of square holes are formed in each rib beam which is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; one end of each distance tube (55) is fixed in a through hole on the upper supporting ring plate (53), and the other end is vertically fixed in a through hole on the lower supporting ring plate (56); the two ends of each pull rod (52) are provided with thread structures, the upper end of each pull rod is in threaded connection with one pull rod hole of the upper tube plate (41), and each pull rod (52) and the upper tube plate (41) are firmly welded in a spot mode; the lower end of each pull rod sequentially vertically penetrates through a through hole in the upper supporting ring plate (53), a distance tube (55) and a through hole in the lower supporting ring plate (56) and is connected with the lower supporting ring plate (56) through a pull rod nut (57) and a threaded nut; the upper end of each supporting bar (54) positioned outside the spiral heat exchange tube (51) is fixed in a square hole on the upper supporting ring plate (53), and the lower end of each supporting bar is vertically fixed in a square hole on the lower supporting ring plate (56).
23. The lead bismuth pile steam generator as claimed in claim 22, wherein the outer sides of the inner circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate (53) and the lower supporting ring plate (56) are provided with 2 circular-arc-shaped notches in a circumferential symmetry manner, the inner sides of the outer circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate (53) and the lower supporting ring plate (56) are provided with 4 circular-arc-shaped notches in a circumferential symmetry manner, and the spiral heat exchange tubes (51) pass through the notches of the inner circular rings and the outer circular rings.
24. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 22, wherein a plurality of through holes with stepped counterbores on the upper and lower surfaces are circumferentially arranged on the inner and outer rings of the upper and lower support ring plates (53, 56); the upper end of the distance tube (55) is matched with a step sink at the lower part of the upper supporting ring plate (53), and the lower end of the distance tube (55) is matched with a step sink at the upper part of the lower supporting ring plate (56); the upper end of each distance tube (55) is fixed in a step counter bore at the lower part of the upper supporting ring plate (53), and the lower end is vertically fixed in a step counter bore at the upper part of the lower supporting ring plate (56); the pull rod (52) is of a structure with thick upper part and thin lower part, the diameter of the pull rod (52) above the upper supporting ring plate (53) is larger than that of the pull rod (52) below the upper supporting ring plate (53), and a step matched with a step counter bore on the upper part of the upper supporting ring plate (53) is arranged at the position of the pull rod (52) with variable thickness; the step of each pull rod (52) is just embedded into a step counter bore at the upper part of the upper supporting ring plate (53); the lower end of the pull rod (52) is provided with threads, a pull rod nut (57) is sleeved on the lower portion of the pull rod (52), and the pull rod nut (57) is screwed into a step counter bore in the lower portion of the lower supporting ring plate (56) through the threads on the lower end of the pull rod (52).
25. The lead-bismuth stack steam generator of claim 24, wherein the inner ring and the outer ring of the upper support ring plate (53) and the lower support ring plate (56) are connected and fixed through four ribs uniformly distributed along the ring direction; the inner circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate (53) and the lower supporting ring plate (56) are circumferentially provided with 4 through holes with counterbores on the upper and lower surfaces, and the outer circular rings of the upper supporting ring plate (53) and the lower supporting ring plate (56) are circumferentially provided with 8 through holes with counterbores on the upper and lower surfaces; and six square holes are formed in the four rib beams which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
26. The lead bismuth pile steam generator according to claim 24, wherein the draw bar nut (57) comprises a draw bar nut cylindrical section (571) and a draw bar nut hexagonal head section (572), the draw bar nut cylindrical section (571) and the draw bar nut hexagonal head section (572) are sequentially sleeved on the lower portion of the draw bar screw 19, the draw bar nut cylindrical section (571) is matched with a step counter bore on the lower portion of the lower support ring plate (56), and the draw bar nut cylindrical section (571) is screwed into the step counter bore on the lower portion of the lower support ring plate (56) through a thread at the lower end of the draw bar (52); the pull rod nut (57) and the pull rod (52) are firmly welded in a spot mode.
27. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 21 wherein the support bars (54) include a support bar (541) inboard of the innermost spiral heat exchange tubes and a support bar (542) outboard of the inboard of the innermost spiral heat exchange tubes; support gaps do not need to be formed on the support strips (541) on the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube, and semicircular support gaps are uniformly formed on the support strips (542) outside the inner side of the innermost spiral heat exchange tube along the lift angle direction; the opening direction of the semicircular supporting notches has the same lead angle with the supported tube bundle, and meanwhile, the longitudinal interval between the adjacent supporting notches is kept consistent with the thread pitch of the supported tube bundle.
28. The lead bismuth stack steam generator of claim 21, wherein the gap between the distance tube (55) and the tie rod (52) is less than 0.1mm.
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| CN202210979118.8A CN115440401A (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Lead bismuth pile direct current steam generator |
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| CN202210979118.8A CN115440401A (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Lead bismuth pile direct current steam generator |
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