CN115432981A - Method for preparing gangue-based cemented filling material from alkali residue-solid waste concrete - Google Patents
Method for preparing gangue-based cemented filling material from alkali residue-solid waste concrete Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
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- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0481—Other specific industrial waste materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B18/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a gangue-based cemented filling material by using alkali slag-solid waste concrete, which comprises the following steps: (1) Processing raw materials and testing characteristics of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag-solid waste concrete; (2) Determining an experimental proportioning scheme for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the alkali slag-solid waste concrete; (3) Testing the performance of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag-solid waste concrete; (4) Performing range analysis on the experimental result of preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali slag-solid waste concrete; (5) And (3) verifying and analyzing the optimal mixing ratio of the engineering for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali slag-solid waste concrete. The invention adds the alkaline residue and the solid waste concrete on the basis of the original gangue-based cemented filling material, improves the performance of the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkaline residue and the solid waste concrete, and improves the strength of the gangue-based cemented filling material, so that the mechanical property and the conveying performance of the gangue-based cemented filling material improved by the alkaline residue and the solid waste concrete are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a mine cemented filling material, in particular to a method for preparing a gangue-based cemented filling material by using alkali slag-solid waste concrete.
Background
Soda serves as an important industrial raw material and is closely related to the textile, steel, building materials and metallurgical industries. According to statistics, about 0.3-0.6t of alkaline residue industrial waste is discharged when 1t of soda is produced, ground accumulation is a traditional method for treating alkaline residue, and accumulated alkaline residue occupies a large amount of land resources, so that soil salinization and environmental pollution are caused.
The solid waste concrete is solid waste generated in the process of dismantling the structure consisting of cement and sand stones, most of the solid waste concrete is untreated and is transported to the suburbs for open-air stacking or landfill, a large amount of construction cost is consumed, and dust and scattering in the process of clearing and transporting the stack cause serious environmental pollution. However, the application methods of the mature caustic sludge and the solid waste concrete are less, the utilization rate is low, and how to comprehensively utilize the caustic sludge and the solid waste concrete in an environment-friendly manner is a technical problem.
Secondly, with the continuous development of mine filling and mining and the high ground stress faced by deep mining, the strength requirement of the gangue-based cemented filling material is higher and higher, and the demand is very large, so that the raw material supply for forming the gangue-based cemented filling material is very short. If the accumulated alkaline residue and solid waste concrete can be consumed in the preparation of the gangue-based cemented filling material, the environmental pollution can be improved, and the supply of raw materials of the gangue-based cemented filling material which is increasingly tense can be relieved. On the premise of not reducing the engineering performance of the filling material, the technical problem of preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkaline residue and the solid waste concrete is not solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing a gangue-based cemented filling material by using alkali slag-solid waste concrete.
The technical scheme is as follows: the method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali residue-solid waste concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1: raw material treatment and characteristic test for preparing gangue-based cemented filling material from alkali residue-solid waste concrete
1.1 raw material treatment of gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from alkali slag-solid waste concrete
The gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali residue-solid waste concrete consists of the following raw materials: alkali slag, solid waste concrete, gangue, fly ash, lime and cement. Wherein the caustic sludge is solid waste caustic sludge discharged in the process of preparing soda by an ammonia-soda process in an alkali factory, and is aired and dried, the caustic sludge is ground and crushed by a ceramic grinder, screened by a standard screen, and screened into particles within the range of 2.36-4.75 mm; solid waste concrete is produced by building demolition, waste concrete blocks with the particle size smaller than 20mm are subjected to secondary crushing, screening, washing, crushing and airing, and are screened by a standard screen to be divided into five particle sizes, wherein the particle size distribution and the proportion of the solid waste concrete are shown in table 1; the waste rock is solid waste rock washed and selected by a coal preparation plant, and is screened and aired by a standard screen, the waste rock meeting the particle size requirement is selected, and the particle size distribution and the occupied proportion of the waste rock are the same as those of solid waste concrete; the fly ash is first-grade fly ash of a power plant; the lime is dehydrated and dried lime; the cement is P.O.32.5 cement.
TABLE 1 particle size distribution of gangue and solid waste concrete
1.2 raw material performance test of gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from alkaline residue-solid waste concrete
And (3) testing the natural water content of the dried alkaline residue, the solid waste concrete and the gangue according to JTGE41-2005 'highway engineering rock test regulation'.
Step 2: determining an experimental proportioning scheme for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali residue-solid waste concrete:
2.1 determination of influencing factors and levels
The method comprises the steps of replacing waste rock with solid waste concrete (replacing the waste rock with equal proportion of each particle size according to the mass ratio of the waste rock), replacing coal ash with alkaline residue, and setting four influence factors, wherein four change levels are designed for each influence factor, wherein the four influence factors comprise mass fraction (mass ratio of dry materials to the total mass of dry materials and water, detailed formula 1), mass ratio of the waste rock (mass ratio of solid waste concrete to the mass of the waste rock, detailed formula 2), alkaline residue mixing amount (mass ratio of alkaline residue to the total mass of the waste rock and the solid waste concrete, detailed formula 3) and coal ash mixing amount (mass ratio of coal ash to the total mass of the waste rock and the solid waste concrete, detailed formula 4).
2.2 determination of orthogonal test protocol:
selecting L16 (4) 4 ) An orthogonal test table is designed, an orthogonal test scheme of A1-A16 is designed, A1 is taken as a control group without doping reinforced waste concrete and alkaline residue, and the mixing ratio is the mixing amount of the fly ash: mixing amount of alkaline residue: old gangue ratio = x: y: z, the mass fraction is h%, and the rest experimental proportioning groups are shown in table 2. The fixed components comprise old gangue sum (the sum of the mass of the solid waste concrete and the mass of the gangue is more than the sum of the mass of the solid waste concrete and the mass of the gangue, see formula 5 in detail), cement mixing amount (the mass of the cement is more than the total mass of the gangue and the solid waste concrete, see formula 6 in detail) and lime mixing amount (the mass of the lime is more than the total mass of the gangue and the solid waste concrete, see formula 7 in detail). And calculating an experimental scheme of the aggregate in a drying state by combining an orthogonal test scheme, and calculating an experimental scheme of the aggregate in a natural drying state by combining the natural water content of the aggregate.
TABLE 2 orthogonal test protocol
And 3, step 3: testing the performance of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali residue-solid waste concrete:
3.1 transport Performance test
The conveying performance of the alkali slag-solid waste concrete gangue-based cemented filling material is tested according to GB/T50080-2016 standard of common concrete performance test method, concrete indexes are slump and bleeding rate respectively, and an experimental result is recorded after the test is finished.
3.2 mechanical Property testing
The mechanical properties of the alkali residue-solid waste concrete gangue-based cemented filling material are determined according to GB/T23561.12-2010 coal and rock physical mechanical property value test method, concrete indexes are early strength (1 day unconfined compressive strength) and later strength (28 days unconfined compressive strength), and an experiment result is recorded after the test is finished.
And 4, step 4: performing range analysis on the experimental result of preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali slag-solid waste concrete:
and (3) judging the primary and secondary sequence of different influence factors influencing the flow property and the mechanical property of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkaline residue-solid waste concrete by adopting a range analysis method according to the experimental result, determining the optimal level of each influence factor, and obtaining the theoretical optimal mixing ratio of each property of the material.
And 5: carrying out the verification and analysis of the optimal mixing proportion of the engineering for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali residue-solid waste concrete:
the optimal mix proportion of the engineering is determined by combining the comprehensive consideration of theoretical optimal mix proportion, economy and other aspects, the performance of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag-solid waste concrete under the optimal mix proportion of the engineering is tested, the performance change of the performance compared with a control group is analyzed, wherein the performance index difference and the increase and decrease amplitude comprise slump, bleeding rate, early strength and later strength, and the feasibility of the optimal mix proportion of the engineering is verified.
The working principle is as follows: the invention adds the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete on the basis of the original gangue-based cemented filling material, utilizes the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete to improve the performance of the gangue-based cemented filling material and improve the strength of the gangue-based cemented filling material, so that the gangue-based cemented filling material improved by the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete has better engineering performance, and particularly, the alkali slag-solid waste concrete gangue-based cemented filling material and the proportion thereof which are designed on the basis of unconfined compressive strength index, slump index and bleeding rate index are equivalent to replacing part of gangue and fly ash in the original gangue-based cemented filling material, so that the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete are converted into the added material, and the cost of the filling material is reduced.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention reduces the usage amount of the gangue-based cemented filling material in filling mining and reduces the engineering cost.
(2) The invention applies the alkaline residue and the solid waste concrete as industrial solid waste to filling exploitation, realizes the recycling of the alkaline residue and the solid waste concrete, and reduces the influence of the traditional alkaline residue and the solid waste concrete on production, life and society.
(3) The gangue-based cemented filling material obtained by the method after the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete are improved has improved mechanical property and conveying property compared with the gangue-based cemented filling material before modification, and provides theoretical basis for scale resource treatment of the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete and research and development and performance improvement of novel cemented filling materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a method for preparing a gangue-based cemented filling material from alkali slag-solid waste concrete according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a real shot of slump measurement in the present invention,
wherein FIG (2 a) is a slump test chart, and FIG (2 b) is a slump sample chart;
FIG. 3 is a real-time bleeding rate measurement chart;
wherein, the figure (3 a) is a sample figure before the bleeding rate test, and the figure (3 b) is a sample figure after the bleeding rate test;
FIG. 4 is a mechanical property test real shot of the material of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the results of a very poor analysis of the bleeding rate;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the early stage unconfined compressive strength extreme difference analysis;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the results of late unconfined compressive strength extreme difference analysis;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of the technical benefit analysis of the filling material with the optimal mix ratio.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali slag-solid waste concrete comprises the following steps:
1. raw material treatment and characteristic test of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag-solid waste concrete:
the alkali residue is sampled from a Huaian alkali factory, the alkali residue material is conveyed to a laboratory and then is subjected to preliminary artificial air drying and crushing treatment, and then the alkali residue material is placed in a ventilated place for natural storage. And (4) screening the primarily crushed and naturally stored caustic sludge by using a standard sieve, and reserving particles with the particle size of 2.36-4.75 mm. According to JTJE41-2005 Highway engineering rock test Specification, the alkaline residue particles are respectively placed in different aluminum boxes, and the aluminum boxes are sequentially numbered 1-10. The mass of the soda residue is measured by an electronic scale, then the soda residue is moved into a drying oven to be dried for 12 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, the baked aluminum box is taken out, the mass of the baked aluminum box is measured by the electronic scale again, and the average value of the water content is measured to be used as the natural water content of the soda residue, which is shown in table 3. Similarly, screening, crushing and soaking test solid waste concrete, and testing natural water content through a laboratory; and testing the natural water content of the gangue in a laboratory.
TABLE 3 test results of natural water content of materials
2. Determining an experimental proportioning scheme for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali slag-solid waste concrete:
2.1 determining the orthogonal test scheme of preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the alkaline residue-solid waste concrete, and determining the influencing factors and the level
The method comprises the following steps of replacing waste rock with solid waste concrete in an equal particle size ratio, replacing coal ash with alkaline residue, setting four influence factors, and designing four change levels for each influence factor, wherein the four influence factors are mass fraction, old waste rock ratio, alkaline residue mixing amount and coal ash mixing amount, and refer to the original mixture ratio of the waste rock-based cemented filling material, namely the coal ash mixing amount: blending amount of alkaline residue: old gangue ratio =0.75:0.15:0.0, and a control group A1 when the mass fraction is 79%, and orthogonal test protocols for A1 to A16 were designed with reference to Table 2, as detailed in Table 4. Fixing the components of waste gangue: the cement mixing amount is as follows: lime mixing amount =1:0.2:0.05.
TABLE 4 Quadrature test protocol
2.2 Experimental scheme for determining gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from alkali slag-solid waste concrete
The experimental protocol of the aggregate in the oven dried state was calculated according to the orthogonal protocol and is detailed in table 5. And (3) combining the natural water content test results of the materials in the table 6, wherein the water content of the caustic sludge is 29.10%, the water content of the gangue is 1.70% and the water content of the solid waste concrete is 3.0%, aiming at the design of each experiment group from A1 to A16, obtaining an experiment scheme of a naturally-dried state of the aggregate from the group A1 to the group A16, and details are shown in the table 6.
TABLE 5 Experimental protocol under aggregate drying state
TABLE 5 Experimental scheme (gangue) under aggregate drying state
Table 5 experimental protocol of aggregate drying state (solid waste concrete)
Table 6 experimental protocol for aggregate in natural drying state
TABLE 6 Experimental scheme of aggregate in natural drying state (gangue)
Table 6 Experimental scheme of aggregate in naturally dried state (solid waste concrete)
3. Testing the performance of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag-solid waste concrete:
3.1 measurement of transport Properties
3.1.1 determination of slump
Based on the experimental scheme of aggregate in a dry state, the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from alkali slag-solid waste concrete is mixed according to GB/T50080-2016 standard for testing common concrete performance, and the slump is measured, wherein the slump test specifically comprises the following operations:
(1) The diameters of the upper and lower openings of the slump testing cylinder are respectively 100mm and 200mm, the cylinder height is 300mm, and a bottom plate and an inner wall of the slump testing cylinder are wetted without open water; the bottom plate is placed on a flat and solid plane, pedals on two sides are stepped on by two feet, and the loading is kept at a fixed position;
(2) The mixture is loaded into a slump cone for three times, the height of the cone is 1/3 of the height of the cone each time, and then a tamping rod is used for inserting and tamping for 25 times from the edge to the center; when the first layer is filled, the tamper is inserted through the whole depth, and when the second layer and the top layer are filled, the tamper penetrates through the layer to the surface of the next layer; when the top layer is filled, the concrete mixture is higher than the opening of the cylinder, and after the concrete mixture is inserted and mashed, the surplus mixture is scraped off and is leveled along the opening of the cylinder;
(3) The slump cone is vertically and stably lifted upwards within 3s-7s, when the slump time of a sample reaches 30s or the slump is not continued, the slurry height is measured, the accuracy is 1mm, and the whole process of slump test from loading to the slump cone lifting is continuously carried out within 150 s; the data are recorded, the slump value is calculated, and the slump measurement is taken in real time as shown in FIG. 2.
3.1.2 determination of bleeding Rate
Based on the experimental scheme of aggregate in a natural drying state, the bleeding rate is determined according to GB/T50080-2016 Standard test method for common concrete Performance, and the specific operations are as follows:
(1) Preparing a volumetric cylinder with the volume of 5L; a measuring cylinder with the capacity of 100mL and the division value of 1mL; the maximum measuring range is 20kg, and the sensing quantity is less than or equal to 1g; wetting the inner wall of the volumetric cylinder by using a wet rag and weighing the mass;
(2) Filling the filling slurry into a volumetric cylinder, inserting and tamping the filling slurry to compact or vibrate the filling slurry to ensure that the surface of the filling slurry is 30mm +/-3 mm lower than a simple opening of the volumetric cylinder, trowelling the filling slurry, wiping the opening and the surface of the cylinder, and weighing the total mass of the volumetric cylinder and the slurry;
(3) Starting timing after the cylinder cover is covered, and sucking 1 time of slurry surface bleeding every 10min within 60min after timing is started; after 60min, sucking 1 time of bleeding on the surface of the slurry every 30min until no more bleeding is recorded, and calculating the accumulated water absorption amount until the numerical value is accurate to 1mL; inclining one side of the cylinder bottom 2min before water absorption, and recovering stably after water absorption; the room temperature is kept at 20 +/-2 ℃ during the whole process, and the bleeding rate is measured and photographed as shown in figure 3.
(4) The bleeding rate calculation formula is shown in formula (1), and the experimental data are shown in Table 7
In the formula: b, bleeding rate (%) which is accurate to 1%;
w-total bleeding (mL);
m is concrete mixture sample mass (g), m = volumetric cylinder and total sample mass (g) -volumetric cylinder mass (g);
m r -testing the total mass (g) of the mixed concrete mix;
w-Water usage (mL) for the test blended concrete mixture.
TABLE 7 bleeding Rate test results
3.2 determination of mechanical Properties
Based on an experimental scheme under an aggregate drying state, the unconfined compressive strength is determined according to GB/T23561.12-2010 coal and rock physical and mechanical property value test method, and the method comprises the following specific operations:
(1) Preparing a triple test die (7.07 cm multiplied by 7.07 cm), a numerical control standard curing box, an electro-hydraulic servo press and the like, wiping the surface of the die by wet cloth, preparing filling slurry, and then filling the filling slurry into the die to shake and level.
(2) And (3) removing the mold after the filling slurry is solidified and molded for 24 hours, and placing the filling body in a curing box for curing, wherein the standard curing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the curing period is 1 day and 28 days.
(3) The unconfined compressive strength of the filling body is determined according to GB/T23561.12-2010 coal and rock physical and mechanical property value test method, an electro-hydraulic servo press is used for testing the compressive strength of the filling body, the loading rate is 1mm/min, three samples are tested for each age, the average value is finally taken as the strength, the mechanical property test process is shown in figure 4, and the test results are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 unconfined compressive strength test results
4. Extreme difference analysis of experimental results of gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from alkali slag-solid waste concrete
Range analysis, also known as visual analysis (R method), by calculating K ij (i represents a level and j represents an influencing factor),
And R m In which K is ij The total response value corresponding to the level of the jth influence factor i;
is K ij The average value of the measured indexes is judged, and the variation trend and the rule of the measured indexes are judged; r m Is composed of
Calculating the range of the corresponding indexes, and using the range to judge the major and minor factors influencing the performance indexes of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkaline residue-solid waste concrete, wherein
R m The larger the influence factor is, the more the influence factor has on the index of the test performance, and the more important the influence factor is. Thus from R m The values judge the advantages and disadvantages of different influence factors.
4.1 alkaline residue-solid waste concrete prepared gangue-based cemented filling material bleeding rate pole difference analysis
Because the experimental slump is too large and is not easy to measure, the bleeding rate is selected for analysis, and in order to analyze the influence of different factors and different levels on the bleeding rate, curve analysis fitting is performed on the extreme difference analysis result, as shown in table 9 and fig. 5 (influence factors 1, 2, 3 and 4 in fig. 5e respectively represent the mixing amount of the fly ash, the mixing amount of the alkaline residue, the mass fraction and the old gangue ratio).
TABLE 9 very poor analysis of bleeding rate
From table 9 and fig. 5 it can be seen: the sequence of the influencing factors influencing the bleeding rate of the material is as follows: selecting the optimal level of each influence factor according to the blending amount of the fly ash, the blending amount of the alkaline residue, the mass fraction and the old gangue ratio, and obtaining the theoretical optimal mixture ratio of the fly ash: blending amount of alkaline residue: old gangue ratio =0.75:0.15:0.0, and the mass fraction is 79%.
4.2 analysis of early unconfined compressive strength extreme difference of gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from alkali residue-solid waste concrete
The influence of different factors on the early strength at different levels is analyzed, and the curve analysis is carried out on the results of the differential pair analysis, as shown in table 10 and figure 6 (in table 10, influencing factors 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively represent mass fraction, fly ash content, alkali slag content and old gangue ratio).
TABLE 10 results of very poor analysis of early strength
From table 10 and fig. 6: the sequence of the influencing factors influencing the early strength of the material is as follows: selecting the optimal level of each influence factor according to the mass fraction, the coal ash mixing amount, the alkali slag mixing amount and the old gangue ratio to obtain the theoretical optimal mixing ratio of the coal ash mixing amount: blending amount of alkaline residue: old gangue ratio =0.75:0.15:0.3, and the mass fraction is 79%.
4.3 alkaline residue-solid waste concrete prepared gangue-based cemented filling material later stage unconfined compressive strength extreme difference analysis
The influence of different factors and different levels on the later strength is analyzed, and the results of the polar difference analysis are subjected to curve analysis as shown in table 11 and fig. 7 (in fig. 7e, influencing factors 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively represent the blending amount of the fly ash, the mass fraction, the blending amount of the alkaline residue and the old gangue ratio).
TABLE 11 results of intensity range analysis in the later period of the orthogonal test
From table 11 and fig. 7: the sequence of the influencing factors influencing the later strength of the material is as follows: the optimum level of each influence factor is selected according to the mixing amount of the fly ash, the mass fraction, the mixing amount of the alkaline residue and the old gangue ratio, and the theoretical optimum mixing ratio is obtained as follows: blending amount of fly ash: mixing amount of alkaline residue: old gangue ratio =0.75:0.15:0.0, and the mass fraction is 79%.
5. Engineering optimum mix proportion verification analysis for preparing gangue-based cemented filling material from alkaline residue-solid waste concrete
By range analysis and by combining with the requirement of filling and mining on cost saving, the optimal proportion of the engineering for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali slag-solid waste concrete is as follows: blending amount of alkaline residue: old gangue ratio =0.75:0.15: 0.1, and the mass fraction is 79%. In order to verify the feasibility of the optimal mixture ratio, the filling material prepared by the optimal mixture ratio is compared with the control group A1 in engineering performance, the technical benefits are analyzed, the test results are shown in a table 12, and the technical benefit analysis is shown in a figure 8.
TABLE 12 results of the Performance test
The experimental result shows that compared with the performance indexes of the control group A1, the performance indexes of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete of the optimal proportioning group of the engineering are greatly improved, wherein the bleeding amount of the material is reduced by 5.99 percent, and the reduction amplitude is 72.17 percent; the early strength of the filling body is increased by 17.97 percent; the middle strength is increased by 31.24%; the later strength is increased by 134.20%, and the technical benefit is remarkable.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a gangue-based cemented filling material by using alkali slag-solid waste concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Processing the raw materials and testing the performance of the raw materials; the raw materials comprise alkaline residue, solid waste concrete, gangue, fly ash, lime and cement;
(2) Determining an experimental proportioning scheme for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material by using the alkali slag-solid waste concrete, replacing the gangue with the solid waste concrete in an equal particle size proportion, replacing the fly ash with the alkali slag, and setting four influencing factors: mass fraction, old gangue ratio, alkali slag mixing amount and fly ash mixing amount;
(3) Testing the performance of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali residue-solid waste concrete;
(4) Carrying out range analysis on experimental results of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete, judging the primary and secondary sequence of different influence factors influencing the flow property and the mechanical property of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete, determining the optimal level of each influence factor, and obtaining the theoretical optimal mixing ratio of each property of the filling material;
(5) And carrying out engineering optimum mix proportion verification analysis on the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete, determining the engineering optimum mix proportion, testing the performance of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag and the solid waste concrete under the engineering optimum mix proportion, analyzing the change of the performance compared with a control group, and verifying the feasibility of the engineering optimum mix proportion.
2. The method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the caustic sludge-solid waste concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the caustic sludge is air-dried, ground and screened to obtain particles with the diameter of 2.36-4.75 mm, and the natural water content of the particles is measured after drying.
3. The method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the caustic sludge-solid waste concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), solid waste concrete with the particle size of less than 20mm is screened, and the natural water content of particles and gangue of the solid waste concrete is measured.
4. The method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the caustic sludge-solid waste concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the step (2) comprises the following processes:
(2.1) determining four levels per said influencing factor:
(2.2) determination of the orthogonal test protocol, with A 1 The concrete is a control group without mixing reinforced waste concrete and alkaline residue, and the mixing ratio of the control group is that fly ash is mixedQuantity: mixing amount of alkaline residue: the waste rock ratio = x, y and z, and the mass fraction is h%; the fixed components are the mixing amount of old waste rock and lime, and an experimental scheme of calculating the aggregate in the air-drying state by combining an orthogonal test scheme is adopted.
5. The method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the caustic sludge-solid waste concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the step (3) comprises the following processes:
(3.1) testing the slump and bleeding rate of the filling material, recording data and calculating a slump value and a bleeding rate value;
and (3.2) testing the mechanical properties of the filling material, wherein the mechanical properties comprise early unconfined compressive strength and later unconfined compressive strength.
6. The method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the caustic sludge-solid waste concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the step (4) comprises the following processes:
(4.1) carrying out extremely poor analysis on the bleeding rate of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali slag-solid waste concrete;
(4.2) analyzing the extreme poor early unconfined compressive strength of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali residue-solid waste concrete;
and (4.3) analyzing the extreme poor confined compressive strength of the gangue-based cemented filling material prepared from the alkali residue-solid waste concrete at the later stage.
7. The method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the caustic sludge-solid waste concrete as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in the step (4.1), determining the sequence of the influence factors of the bleeding rate of the material as the fly ash mixing amount, the alkali slag mixing amount, the mass fraction and the old gangue ratio, and selecting the optimal level of the influence factors of the bleeding rate to obtain the theoretical optimal ratio of the fly ash mixing amount, the alkali slag mixing amount and the old gangue ratio.
8. The method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the caustic sludge-solid waste concrete as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in the step (4.2), determining the influence factor sequence of the early strength of the material as mass fraction, fly ash doping amount, alkali slag doping amount and old gangue ratio, and selecting the optimal level of the influence factor of the early strength of the material to obtain the theoretical optimal proportion of the fly ash doping amount, the alkali slag doping amount and the old gangue ratio.
9. The method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the caustic sludge-solid waste concrete as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and (4.3) determining the influence factors of the later strength of the material as the coal ash mixing amount, the mass fraction, the alkali slag mixing amount and the old gangue ratio, and selecting the optimal level of the influence factors of the later strength of the material to obtain the theoretical optimal ratio of the coal ash mixing amount, the alkali slag mixing amount and the old gangue ratio.
10. The method for preparing the gangue-based cemented filling material from the caustic sludge-solid waste concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (5), the performances of the filling material comprise slump, bleeding rate, the difference of the performance indexes of early strength and later strength and the increasing and decreasing amplitude.
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