CN115432971A - High-strength anti-permeability composite concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength anti-permeability composite concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- UCMIRNVEIXFBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-alanine Chemical compound NCCC(O)=O UCMIRNVEIXFBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940000635 beta-alanine Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000907 Musa textilis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000046146 Pueraria lobata Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010575 Pueraria lobata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- -1 graphite alkene Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 6
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/248—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork from specific plants, e.g. hemp fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The application relates to the field of concrete preparation technology, and particularly discloses high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the high-strength impervious composite concrete comprise cement, ultrafine fly ash, slag powder, sand, broken stone, an additive, modified fibrilia and water; the modified fibrilia is obtained by coating a graphene-based film on the surface of fibrilia. This application forms the protective layer through graphite alkene base film on fibrilia surface to slow down the corruption degradation process of fibrilia in the concrete system, consequently be favorable to fibrilia to keep permanent effectual mechanical strength and elasticity, thereby reduce concrete structure and produce cracked probability, and then effectively improved the durability of concrete impermeability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of concrete preparation technology, in particular to high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-strength concrete is used as a new building material, and has the advantages of high compressive strength, strong deformation resistance, high density and low porosity, and can be widely applied to high-rise building structures, large-span bridge structures and certain special structures. The high-strength concrete features high compression strength (4-6 times that of ordinary concrete), so reducing the cross section of member and making it suitable for high-rise building.
The high-strength concrete has a plurality of advantages as economic civil engineering materials, but in the actual use process, as the proportion of the cementing materials in the high-strength concrete is larger, a plurality of unhydrated cement particles in the high-strength concrete are caused, almost occupying 40-70% of the total amount of the cement, after the high-strength concrete absorbs water in a humid environment, the unhydrated cement in the high-strength concrete can be continuously hydrated, the volume of the generated hydration product is obviously larger than that of the original cement, and the hydration product is gradually filled in the inner pores of the concrete; if the reaction continues, the volume of the cement hydration product is larger than the volume of the pores in the concrete, so that expansion stress is generated in the concrete, more micro cracks appear in the concrete, and the impermeability of the high-strength concrete is poor.
In the related art, for example, the application document 201410231233.2 discloses a fiber concrete, which comprises polypropylene fibers, calcium stearate, ammonium carbonate, thermoplastic polyurethane, N-methyl pyrrolidone, mineral fibers, cotton fibers, cement, mineral powder, stones, fly ash, river sand, a proper amount of water and an auxiliary agent. The raw materials of the components can improve the compactness of concrete, and further effectively improve the impermeability of the concrete.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors found that the cotton fibers are susceptible to corrosion degradation when existing in the alkaline condition of the concrete for a long time, and the cotton fibers in the concrete are corroded and broken after a certain period of time, so that cracks are generated in the concrete, and the impermeability of the concrete is poor. The inventors therefore considered that the high-strength concrete in the related art had a problem that the durability of the anti-permeability performance was not good.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the durability of the impermeability of high-strength concrete, the application provides high-strength impermeable composite concrete and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a high-strength impervious composite concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 270-330 parts of cement, 165-190 parts of ultrafine fly ash, 50-80 parts of slag powder, 500-720 parts of sand, 700-900 parts of gravel, 3-5 parts of additive, 7-10 parts of modified fibrilia and 180-200 parts of water;
the modified fibrilia is obtained by coating a graphene-based film on the surface of fibrilia.
By adopting the technical scheme and the ultrafine fly ash, the activity of the fly ash is obviously improved due to the increase of the specific surface area of the ultrafine fly ash, so that when cement or plastic concrete with the same strength grade is prepared, the mixing amount of the fly ash is greatly increased, the concrete can maintain higher strength, the compactness of the concrete can be effectively improved, and the impermeability of the concrete can be effectively improved.
Because the modified fibrilia is added, the modified fibrilia can be tightly connected with a cementing material in the concrete, so that the stability of a connection interface is improved, the compactness in the concrete can be improved, and the impermeability of the concrete is further improved.
As the fibrilia is easy to corrode and degrade in an alkaline concrete system, the fibrilia is corroded and broken, the possibility of generating cracks in the concrete is increased, and the impermeability of the concrete is reduced, so that the fibrilia is modified by adopting the graphene-based film. After modification treatment, the graphene-based film can form a protective layer on the surface of fibrilia, and the graphene-based film protective layer can slow down the alkaline hydrolysis and mineralization process of the fibrilia, so that the corrosion degradation process of the fibrilia in a concrete system is slowed down, the fibrilia can be kept for a long time in effective mechanical strength and elasticity, the probability of crack generation of a concrete structure is reduced, and the durability of the concrete impermeability is effectively improved.
Optionally, the graphene-based film is a graphene oxide-based film.
By adopting the technical scheme, the graphene oxide is an oxide of graphene, and the graphene oxide contains a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups, so that the graphene oxide is endowed with good dispersibility and reaction activity, and the graphene oxide is favorably and uniformly dispersed on the surface of fibrilia, and further, a thin film protective layer with a compact, continuous and uniform structure is favorably formed on the surface of fibrilia. The continuous and compact graphene oxide base film can well protect fibrilia, so that the corrosion resistance of the fibrilia is improved, the probability of generating cracks in a concrete structure is reduced, and the concrete can keep better impermeability for a long time.
Optionally, the graphene oxide-based film is a graphene oxide-nickel film.
By adopting the technical scheme, the graphene oxide-nickel film is selected as the graphene oxide-based film due to two considerations, on one hand, the nickel ions have stronger alkali corrosion resistance, so that the corrosion resistance of the fibrilia can be improved, and the corrosion degradation process of the fibrilia in concrete is slowed down; on the other hand, divalent nickel ions can be adsorbed on the surface of the graphene oxide with negative charges through electrostatic interaction instead of being complexed with-COO groups of the graphene oxide, so that adsorption and agglomeration of the graphene oxide can be avoided, the dispersibility of the graphene oxide on the surface of fibrilia is further improved, and a thin film protective layer with a compact, continuous and uniform structure can be formed on the surface of the fibrilia.
Optionally, the modified fibrilia is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
s1: pretreating fibrilia to prepare a graphene oxide-nickel solution;
s2: soaking the pretreated fibrilia in a beta-alanine solution with the mass concentration of 30-35% for 1-1.5h, taking out and drying, soaking the dried fibrilia in a graphene oxide-nickel solution, heating the graphene oxide-nickel solution soaked with the fibrilia to 75-85 ℃, keeping the temperature for 0.5-1h, taking out the fibrilia, washing and drying to obtain the modified fibrilia.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the fibrilia is pretreated, the surface of the fibrilia is softer and cleaner, then the pretreated fibrilia is soaked in a beta-alanine solution, after drying, the beta-alanine forms a closely attached crystal on the rough surface of the fibrilia, and then the fibrilia is soaked in a graphene oxide-nickel solution, so that graphene-nickel is attached to the surface of the fibrilia, in the soaking process, an oxygen-containing functional group on the surface of the graphene oxide can react with beta-alanine containing amino and carboxyl groups, so that a stable covalent bond is formed between the graphene oxide and the beta-alanine crystal, the wrapping stability of the graphene oxide-nickel film and the fibrilia can be improved, the possibility that the graphene oxide-nickel film is easy to break away is reduced, the corrosion resistance of the fibrilia is improved, the probability of crack generation of a concrete structure is avoided, and the durability of the impermeability performance of concrete can be effectively improved.
Optionally, the graphene oxide-nickel solution in S1 is prepared by a method including the following steps:
0.1mg/ml of NiCl 2 And mixing the solution and 2mg/ml graphene oxide solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1, standing and storing for 48-72 hours to obtain the graphene oxide-nickel solution.
By adopting the technical scheme, niCl is added 2 Mixing the solution and the graphene oxide solution to obtain graphene oxide intercalated Ni + The hybrid structure of (1) is kept standing for a period of time to allow Ni + And the graphene oxide and the functional group of the graphene oxide are subjected to electrostatic interaction, so that a stable graphene oxide-nickel solution is formed.
Optionally, the pretreatment of the fibrilia in S1 comprises the following steps:
repeatedly washing the fibrilia with water and then airing, soaking the aired fibrilia in a NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 3-5% for 0.5-1h, then repeatedly washing with water until the pH value of the washing water is 7 +/-0.5, and then drying the fibrilia to obtain the pretreated fibrilia.
By adopting the technical scheme, various impurities and residues exist on the surface of the hemp fiber which is not pretreated, the surface of the hemp fiber becomes cleaner after repeated washing, most of the impurities and residues fall off in the repeated washing process, and the amorphous phase (wax, pectin, lignin and hemicellulose) on the surface of the hemp fiber is hydrolyzed on the surface of the fiber after short-time alkaline treatment, so that the surface roughness of the hemp fiber is improved, and the interaction between the fiber and beta-alanine and graphene oxide-nickel is facilitated.
Optionally, the hemp fiber may be any one of a kudzu fiber, a sisal fiber, a abaca fiber, a jute fiber, and a flax fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fibrilia can keep a good modification effect, so that long-acting mechanical strength and elasticity can be ensured, the probability of crack generation of a concrete structure is reduced, and the concrete can keep good anti-permeability performance for a long time.
Optionally, the specific surface area of the ultrafine fly ash is 700-1000m 2 /kg。
By adopting the technical scheme, the superfine fly ash with the specific surface area is selected to enable the fly ash to show the optimal activity, so that the doping amount of the fly ash in concrete can be greatly increased, the concrete can keep higher strength, the compactness of the concrete can be effectively improved, and the impermeability of the concrete can be effectively improved.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of high-strength impervious composite concrete comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing cement, ultrafine fly ash, slag powder, sand and crushed stone, and stirring for 60-90s to obtain a dry-mixed premix;
step two: and (3) mixing the additive, the modified fibrilia, water and the dry-mixed premix, and stirring for 2-3min to obtain the high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete.
By adopting the technical scheme, the process for preparing the high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete is simple, the operation is convenient, the working performance of the prepared concrete meets the construction requirement, cracks are not easy to generate after the concrete is hardened, the concrete has better anti-permeability performance, and the concrete can keep better anti-permeability performance for a long time.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the application adopts the ultrafine fly ash and the modified fibrilia, and the ultrafine fly ash has a large specific surface area, so that the activity of the fly ash is obviously improved, and when cement or plastic concrete with the same strength grade is prepared, the doping amount of the fly ash is greatly improved, the concrete can keep high strength, and the compactness of the concrete can be effectively improved, so that the impermeability of the concrete can be effectively improved, the modified fibrilia can be tightly connected with a cementing material in the concrete, so that the stability of a connection interface is improved, the compactness inside the concrete can be improved, and further the impermeability of the concrete is improved.
2. In the application, the graphene oxide film is preferably coated on the surface of the fibrilia, and the graphene oxide contains a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups, so that the graphene oxide is endowed with good dispersibility and reaction activity, and the graphene oxide is favorably and uniformly dispersed on the surface of the fibrilia, and further, a thin film protective layer with a compact, continuous and uniform structure is favorably formed on the surface of the fibrilia. The continuous and compact graphene oxide base film can well protect fibrilia, so that the corrosion resistance of the fibrilia is improved, the probability of generating cracks in a concrete structure is reduced, and the concrete can keep better impermeability for a long time;
3. the graphene oxide-nickel film is preferably coated on the surface of the fibrilia, on one hand, the nickel ions have strong alkali corrosion resistance, so that the corrosion resistance of the fibrilia can be improved, and the corrosion degradation process of the fibrilia in concrete is slowed down; on the other hand, divalent nickel ions can be adsorbed on the surface of the graphene oxide with negative charges through electrostatic interaction instead of being complexed with-COO groups of the graphene oxide, so that adsorption and agglomeration of the graphene oxide can be avoided, the dispersibility of the graphene oxide on the surface of fibrilia is further improved, and a thin film protective layer with a compact, continuous and uniform structure can be formed on the surface of the fibrilia.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
All the hemp fibers in the embodiment of the application are sisal fibers;
graphene solution, graphene oxide solution, beta-alanine solution and NiCl in the examples of the present application 2 The solutions were all obtained commercially;
the type of the cement used in the embodiment of the application is P.O42.5; the specific surface area of the ultrafine fly ash is 900m 2 Kg, fineness less than 1%; the additive is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Preparation example of graphene oxide-nickel solution
Preparation example 1
0.1mg/ml NiCl was added 2 And mixing the solution and 2mg/ml graphene oxide solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1, standing and storing for 48-72h to obtain the graphene oxide-nickel solution.
Examples of production of modified hemp fibers
Preparation example 2
S1: repeatedly washing the fibrilia with clear water for 5 times, then airing, soaking the aired fibrilia in a NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 4% for 0.5h, then continuously washing with clear water for 5 times until the pH value of the washing water is 7 +/-0.5, and then drying the fibrilia under direct sunlight to obtain the pretreated fibrilia;
s2: soaking the pretreated fibrilia in a beta-alanine solution with the mass concentration of 32% for 1.2h, taking out, and drying for 1h at the temperature of 60 ℃; and soaking the dried fibrilia in the graphene solution, placing the graphene solution in a water bath device at 80 ℃ for 0.5h, taking out the fibrilia, washing the fibrilia for 3 times by using deionized water, and drying the fibrilia for 1h at 60 ℃ to obtain the modified fibrilia.
Preparation example 3
The difference from the preparation example 2 lies in S2, specifically:
s2: soaking the pretreated fibrilia in a beta-alanine solution with the mass concentration of 32% for 1.2h, taking out and drying for 1h at the temperature of 60 ℃; and soaking the dried fibrilia in the graphene oxide solution, placing the solution in a water bath device at 80 ℃ for 0.5h, taking out the fibrilia, washing the fibrilia for 3 times by using deionized water, and drying the fibrilia for 1h at 60 ℃ to obtain the modified fibrilia.
Preparation example 4
The difference from the preparation example 2 lies in S2, specifically:
s2: soaking the pretreated fibrilia in a beta-alanine solution with the mass concentration of 32% for 1.2h, taking out, and drying for 1h at the temperature of 60 ℃; soaking the dried fibrilia in the graphene oxide-nickel solution obtained in preparation example 1, placing the solution in a water bath device at 80 ℃ for 0.5h, taking out the fibrilia, washing the fibrilia with deionized water for 3 times, and drying the fibrilia at 60 ℃ for 1h to obtain the modified fibrilia.
Preparation example 5
The difference from the preparation example 2 lies in S2, specifically:
s2: soaking the pretreated fibrilia in the graphene oxide-nickel solution obtained in preparation example 1, placing the solution in a water bath device at 80 ℃ for 0.5h, taking out the fibrilia, washing the fibrilia with deionized water for 3 times, and drying the fibrilia at 60 ℃ for 1h to obtain the modified fibrilia.
Examples
Example 1
The high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight shown in Table 1, and is prepared by the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: mixing cement, ultrafine fly ash, slag powder, sand and crushed stone, and stirring for 60s to obtain a dry-mixed premix;
step two: and (3) mixing the additive, the modified fibrilia, water and the dry-mixed premix, and stirring for 3min to obtain the high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete.
Wherein the modified fibrilia prepared in the preparation example 2 is selected as the modified fibrilia.
Example 2
The high-strength impervious composite concrete is different from the concrete in example 1 in that the raw materials of the concrete comprise the following components in parts by weight as shown in Table 1, and the preparation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing cement, ultrafine fly ash, slag powder, sand and crushed stone, and stirring for 80s to obtain a dry-mixed premix;
step two: and mixing the additive, the modified fibrilia, water and the dry-mixed premix, and stirring for 2.5min to obtain the high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete.
Wherein the modified fibrilia prepared in the preparation example 2 is selected as the modified fibrilia.
Example 3
The high-strength impervious composite concrete is different from the concrete in example 1 in that the raw materials of the concrete comprise the following components in parts by weight as shown in Table 1, and the preparation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing cement, ultrafine fly ash, slag powder, sand and crushed stone, and stirring for 90s to obtain a dry-mixed premix;
step two: and mixing the additive, the modified fibrilia, water and the dry-mixed premix, and stirring for 2min to obtain the high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete.
Wherein the modified fibrilia prepared in the preparation example 2 is selected as the modified fibrilia.
TABLE 1 weight (kg) of each raw material in examples 1-3
| Name of raw materials | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Cement | 27 | 30 | 33 |
| Superfine fly ash | 19 | 18 | 16.5 |
| Slag powder | 8 | 6.5 | 5 |
| Sand | 50 | 60 | 72 |
| Crushing stone | 90 | 80 | 70 |
| Additive agent | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| Modified fibrilia | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1 |
| Water (W) | 18 | 19 | 20 |
Example 4
The difference between the high-strength impervious composite concrete and the concrete in example 3 is that the modified fibrilia prepared in the preparation example 3 is selected as the modified fibrilia.
Example 5
The difference between the high-strength impervious composite concrete and the concrete in example 3 is that the modified fibrilia prepared in the preparation example 4 is used as the modified fibrilia.
Example 6
The difference between the high-strength impervious composite concrete and the concrete in example 3 is that the modified fibrilia prepared in the preparation example 5 is used as the modified fibrilia.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The difference between the high-strength impervious composite concrete and the concrete in the example 3 is that modified fibrilia is not added in the raw materials.
Comparative example 2
The high-strength impervious composite concrete is different from the concrete in example 3 in that fibrilia adopted in the raw materials is not modified.
Performance test
1. Mechanical Property test
The concrete prepared in examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2 was subjected to a 28d compressive strength test according to GB/T50081-2019 Standard test method for mechanical Properties of general concrete. And taking the test piece out of the maintenance place, and then testing in time, wherein the pressure bearing surface of the test piece is vertical to the top surface of the test piece during molding. The center of the test piece is aligned with the center of the pressing plate under the testing machine, and the testing machine is started. In the test process, the load should be continuously and uniformly added, when the concrete strength grade is less than C30, the loading speed is 0.3-0.5 MPa per second; when the strength grade of the concrete is more than or equal to C30 and less than C60, 0.5-0.8 MPa is taken per second; when the strength grade of the concrete is more than or equal to C60, 0.8-1.0 MPa is taken per second. When the test piece begins to deform rapidly after approaching the damage, the adjustment of the accelerator of the testing machine is stopped until the test piece is damaged. The recorded breaking load is then as in table 2.
2. Impermeability test
The concrete prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was subjected to the impermeability test according to the water penetration height method in GB/T50082-2009 standard for testing the long-term performance and durability of ordinary concrete, and the water penetration heights of the test pieces were measured and the data are recorded in table 2.
3. Durability test
The concrete prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was prepared into standard test pieces, the test pieces were placed in an open air field, and after 3 months, the mechanical property test and the impermeability test were performed on the test pieces, and the data are recorded in table 2.
TABLE 2 Performance test results
It can be seen by combining examples 1-3, comparative example 1 and table 2 that the compressive strength and impermeability of the high-strength impermeable composite concrete prepared in examples 1-3 of the present application are superior to those of comparative example 1, the compressive strength of the high-strength impermeable composite concrete prepared in examples 1-3 of the present application is maintained above 72Mpa, and the water penetration height is maintained at about 10mm, so that the high-strength impermeable composite concrete prepared in the present application has better compressive strength and impermeability.
By combining example 3, comparative example 2 and table 2, it can be seen that the initial water seepage of the concrete prepared in example 3 of the present application has an anti-seepage loss of 5.98% after three months, while the initial water seepage of the concrete prepared in comparative example 2 has an anti-seepage loss of 45.56% after three months. In the embodiment 3, the modified fibrilia is adopted, and a thin film protective layer is formed on the surface of the modified fibrilia, so that the alkaline hydrolysis and mineralization processes of the fibrilia are slowed down, and the corrosion degradation process of the fibrilia in a concrete system is slowed down, so that the fibrilia can maintain long-term effective mechanical strength and elasticity, the probability of crack generation of a concrete structure is reduced, and the durability of the concrete impermeability is effectively improved.
As can be seen by combining example 3, example 4 and table 2, the initial water seepage of the concrete prepared in example 3 of the present application has an anti-seepage loss of 5.98% after three months, the initial water seepage of the concrete prepared in example 4 has an anti-seepage loss of 3.89% after three months, and the durability of the anti-seepage performance of the concrete prepared in example 4 is further improved; since the bastose adopted in the embodiment 4 is coated with the graphene oxide film in the modification process, the graphene oxide can be uniformly dispersed on the surface of the bastose, and a thin film protective layer with a compact, continuous and uniform structure can be formed on the surface of the bastose, so that the corrosion resistance of the bastose can be further improved, the probability of cracks generated in a concrete structure can be reduced, and the durability of the concrete impermeability can be further improved.
As can be seen by combining example 3, example 4, example 5 and table 2, the initial water seepage of the concrete prepared in example 3 of the present application has an anti-permeability loss of 5.98% after three months, the initial water seepage of the concrete prepared in example 4 has an anti-permeability loss of 3.89% after three months, the initial water seepage of the concrete prepared in example 5 has an anti-permeability loss of 0.75% after three months, and the durability of the anti-permeability of the concrete prepared in example 5 is further improved as compared with the concrete of example 3 and example 4. Since the fibrilia adopted in the embodiment 5 is coated with the graphene oxide-nickel film in the modification process, the graphene oxide-nickel film not only further improves the alkali corrosion resistance of the fibrilia, but also divalent nickel ions can avoid the adsorption and agglomeration of the graphene oxide, so that the dispersibility of the graphene oxide on the surface of the fibrilia is further improved, and thus, the continuous and compact film protection layer can be formed on the surface of the fibrilia, and the durability of the impermeability of the concrete prepared further is greatly improved compared with the concrete prepared in the embodiments 3 and 4.
Combining example 3, example 6 and table 2, it can be seen that the concrete of example 3 initially had a water penetration height of 10.03mm, and example 6 had a somewhat better impermeability than example 3, with a water penetration height of 8.05mm. However, after three months, the concrete of example 3 had a water penetration height of 10.63mm, the concrete of example 6 had a water penetration height of 13.53mm, the barrier loss of example 3 was 5.98%, and the barrier loss of example 3 was as high as 68.07%. The fibrilia adopted in the embodiment 5 is not soaked in a beta-alanine solution in the modification process, so that the wrapping stability of the graphene oxide-nickel film and the fibrilia is poor, and the graphene oxide-nickel film falls off after a period of time, so that the fibrilia is corroded and degraded, and the impermeability of the concrete is greatly reduced.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 270-330 parts of cement, 165-190 parts of ultrafine fly ash, 50-80 parts of slag powder, 500-720 parts of sand, 700-900 parts of gravel, 3-5 parts of additive, 7-10 parts of modified fibrilia and 180-200 parts of water;
the modified fibrilia is obtained by coating a graphene-based film on the surface of fibrilia.
2. The high-strength impervious composite concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the graphene-based film is a graphene oxide-based film.
3. The high-strength impervious composite concrete according to claim 2, wherein: the graphene oxide-based film is a graphene oxide-nickel film.
4. The high-strength impervious composite concrete according to claim 3, wherein: the modified fibrilia is prepared by adopting the method comprising the following steps:
s1: pretreating fibrilia to prepare a graphene oxide-nickel solution;
s2: soaking the pretreated fibrilia in a beta-alanine solution with the mass concentration of 30-35% for 1-1.5h, taking out and drying, soaking the dried fibrilia in a graphene oxide-nickel solution, heating the graphene oxide-nickel solution soaked with the fibrilia to 75-85 ℃, keeping the temperature for 0.5-1h, taking out the fibrilia, washing and drying to obtain the modified fibrilia.
5. The high-strength impervious composite concrete according to claim 4, wherein: the graphene oxide-nickel solution in the S1 is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
0.1mg/ml NiCl was added 2 And mixing the solution and 2mg/ml graphene oxide solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1, standing and storing for 48-72h to obtain the graphene oxide-nickel solution.
6. The high-strength impervious composite concrete according to claim 4, wherein: the pretreatment of the fibrilia in S1 comprises the following steps:
repeatedly washing the fibrilia with water and then airing, soaking the aired fibrilia in a NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 3-5% for 0.5-1h, then repeatedly washing with water until the pH value of the washing water is 7 +/-0.5, and then drying the fibrilia to obtain the pretreated fibrilia.
7. The high-strength impervious composite concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the hemp fiber can be any one of kudzu hemp fiber, sisal fiber, abaca fiber, jute fiber and flax fiber.
8. The high-strength impervious composite concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the specific surface area of the ultrafine fly ash is 700-1000m 2 /kg。
9. A method for preparing the high-strength impervious composite concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing cement, ultrafine fly ash, slag powder, sand and broken stone, and stirring for 60-90s to obtain a dry-mixed premix;
step two: and mixing the additive, the modified fibrilia, water and the dry-mixed premix, and stirring for 2-3min to obtain the high-strength anti-permeability composite concrete.
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