CN115432820A - Sewage treatment method and system - Google Patents

Sewage treatment method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115432820A
CN115432820A CN202211024039.8A CN202211024039A CN115432820A CN 115432820 A CN115432820 A CN 115432820A CN 202211024039 A CN202211024039 A CN 202211024039A CN 115432820 A CN115432820 A CN 115432820A
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tank
sewage
distribution channel
anoxic
water
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CN115432820B (en
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申俊林
陈军
肖武
管进天
李成
郭建勇
李蕊
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404 Co Ltd China National Nuclear Corp
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404 Co Ltd China National Nuclear Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/18—PO4-P
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

The invention provides a sewage treatment method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage, wherein the water quality index comprises: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio; according to the water inlet mode, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into a pre-anoxic tank or an anoxic tank for treatment to obtain first discharged sewage; and discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage. The scheme of the invention can adjust the sewage treatment process through a water inlet mode, fully utilize pollutants in the original sewage to treat domestic sewage with different water qualities, and ensure high efficiency of sewage treatment.

Description

Sewage treatment method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a sewage treatment method and a sewage treatment system.
Background
The domestic sewage is sewage generated by personnel activities, and due to the influence of regions, climates and living habits, the quality of the domestic sewage in northwest regions with sufficient water sources has great difference and seasonal change, which mainly changes that the water consumption for people in summer is great, wherein the water consumption for washing and showering is great in proportion, and in addition, some drainage systems are combined, a great amount of greening water permeates into a drainage pipe network, the water quality and organic matter concentration is low, and the T/N (carbon-nitrogen ratio) is relatively small; the water consumption per capita is relatively less in winter, the domestic sewage source is relatively single, and the water quality has relatively high organic matter content and T/N. Particularly, in some large-scale enterprises, the domestic sewage quality is greatly changed under the influence of the industrial structure and the construction scale of the enterprises.
Aiming at domestic sewage with higher organic load and T/N, in the current domestic sewage treatment technology, when the domestic sewage with larger water quality organic load and T/N change is treated by adopting the traditional process, when the water quality is under the low-load condition, a large amount of carbon sources are added to ensure energy required by denitrifying bacteria for denitrification. At this time, the cost of sewage treatment is greatly increased, and problems such as sludge bulking and the like are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sewage treatment method and a sewage treatment system. The sewage treatment process can be adjusted through a water inlet mode, and the process for treating domestic sewage with different water qualities by fully utilizing pollutants in the original sewage is used for ensuring high efficiency and economy of sewage treatment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a sewage treatment method is applied to a sewage treatment system, the sewage treatment system comprises a water distribution channel, and a pre-anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank which are connected with the water distribution channel, and the method comprises the following steps:
determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage, wherein the water quality index comprises: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio;
according to the water inlet mode, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank for treatment to obtain first discharged sewage;
and discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage.
Optionally, determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage comprises:
if the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pretreated sewage is larger than a first value, or the organic load is higher than a second value, or the carbon-nitrogen ratio is larger than the first value and the organic load is higher than the second value, determining that the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is a first water inlet mode; otherwise, determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage as a second water inlet mode.
Optionally, according to the water inlet manner, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank for treatment to obtain first discharged sewage, including:
discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank for treatment according to the first water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage; or
And discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the anoxic tank for treatment according to the second water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage.
Optionally, under the condition of the first water inlet mode, discharging the first discharge sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filter tank for treatment to obtain target discharge sewage, including:
discharging the first discharge sewage into the anaerobic tank for treatment to obtain second discharge sewage;
discharging the second discharged sewage into the anoxic tank for treatment to obtain third discharged sewage and first return sludge, and controlling the first return sludge to flow back to the pre-anoxic tank for treatment;
discharging the third discharged sewage into the aerobic tank for treatment to obtain fourth discharged sewage;
and discharging the fourth discharge sewage into the filter tank for treatment to obtain target discharge sewage and second return sludge, controlling the second return sludge to flow back to the aerobic tank and mixing the second return sludge with the third discharge sewage to obtain a first return mixed liquid, and controlling the first return mixed liquid to flow back to the anoxic tank for treatment.
Optionally, under the condition of the second water inlet mode, discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage, including:
discharging the first discharged sewage into the aerobic tank for treatment to obtain fifth discharged sewage;
and discharging the fifth discharge sewage into the filter tank for treatment to obtain target discharge sewage and third return sludge, controlling the third return sludge to flow back to the aerobic tank to be mixed with the first discharge sewage to obtain second return mixed liquor, and controlling the second return mixed liquor to flow back to the anoxic tank for treatment.
Optionally, the reflux ratio of the flow rate of the return sludge of the anoxic tank to the water inflow of the pre-anoxic tank is 20% -100%:
the reflux ratio of the flow of the reflux sludge of the filter tank to the water inflow of the aerobic tank is more than 200 percent;
the reflux ratio of the flow of the reflux mixed liquor of the aerobic tank to the water inflow of the anoxic tank is more than 200%.
Optionally, the filtering tank is a membrane biological reaction filtering tank or a secondary sedimentation tank.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a sewage treatment system which comprises a water distribution channel, a pre-anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filter tank, wherein the pre-anoxic tank, the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank and the filter tank are connected with the water distribution channel; the pre-anoxic tank and the anoxic tank are connected with the water distribution channel through a water inlet gate, and the aerobic tank is connected with the water distribution channel through a water return gate; the filter tank is connected with the aerobic tank through a reflux pump, and the anoxic tank is connected with the pre-anoxic tank through a reflux pump;
according to a water inlet mode, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank through controlling the water inlet gate for treatment to obtain first discharged sewage; wherein, the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is determined according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage, and the water quality index comprises: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio;
and discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage.
Optionally, the distribution canal includes: the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel are arranged side by side;
the first water distribution channel is connected with a first pre-anoxic tank, a first anaerobic tank, a first anoxic tank, a first aerobic tank and a first filtering tank;
the second water distribution channel is connected with a second pre-anoxic tank, a second anaerobic tank, a second anoxic tank, a second aerobic tank and a second filtering tank;
the first pre-anoxic tank and the second pre-anoxic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first anaerobic tank and the second anaerobic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first anoxic tank and the second anoxic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, and the first filtering tank and the second filtering tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel.
Optionally, the first pre-anoxic tank is connected with the first water distribution channel through a first water inlet gate, and the first anoxic tank is connected with the first water distribution channel through a second water inlet gate; the first aerobic tank is connected with the first water distribution channel through a first backwater gate; the first filtering tank is connected with the first aerobic tank through a first reflux pump; the first anoxic tank is connected with the first pre-anoxic tank through a second reflux pump;
the second pre-anoxic pond is connected with the second water distribution channel through a third water inlet gate, and the second anoxic pond is connected with the second water distribution channel through a fourth water inlet gate; the second aerobic pool is connected with the second water distribution channel through a second water return gate; the second filtering tank is connected with the second aerobic tank through a third reflux pump; the second anoxic tank is connected with the second pre-anoxic tank through a fourth reflux pump.
The scheme of the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
according to the scheme, the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is determined according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage, and the water quality index comprises the following components: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio; according to the water inlet mode, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank for treatment to obtain first discharged sewage; discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage, and fully utilizing pollutants in the original sewage to treat domestic sewage with different water qualities to ensure that the sewage treatment is efficient and economical; overcomes the defects of low treatment efficiency, high operation cost, sludge bulking and the like caused by large changes of organic load and T/N of sewage quality in the prior domestic sewage treatment technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the treatment process of the sewage treatment method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the wastewater treatment system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is another schematic view of the wastewater treatment system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the embodiment of the sewage treatment method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sewage treatment method applied to a sewage treatment system, where the sewage treatment system includes a distribution channel, and a pre-anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, and a filtering tank connected to the distribution channel, and the method includes:
step 11, determining a water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage according to a water quality index of the pretreated sewage, wherein the water quality index comprises: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio;
step 12, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank for treatment according to the water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage;
and step 13, discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is determined according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage, and the water quality index includes: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio; discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank for treatment according to the water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage; and discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage. Pollutants in the original sewage are fully utilized to treat domestic sewage with different water qualities, so that the high efficiency and economy of sewage treatment are ensured; overcomes the defects of low treatment efficiency, high operation cost, sludge bulking and the like caused by large changes of organic load and T/N of sewage quality in the prior domestic sewage treatment technology.
As shown in FIG. 2, a schematic view of the sewage treatment system of the present invention comprises: the water distribution channel is connected with the pre-anoxic tank, the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank and the filtering tank; wherein the pre-anoxic tank is connected with the water distribution channel through a first water inlet gate 21, and the anoxic tank is connected with the water distribution channel through a second water inlet gate 22; the aerobic tank is connected with the water distribution channel through a first backwater gate 23; the filtering tank is connected with the aerobic tank through a first backflow pump 41; the anoxic tank is connected with the pre-anoxic tank through a second reflux pump 42;
wherein, the liquid level in the aerobic tank is increased to be higher than the liquid level of the water distribution channel through the aeration device, so that the reflux mixed liquid in the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank through the water distribution channel.
In another implementation manner, as shown in fig. 3, the sewage treatment system of the present invention may include two sets of the above-mentioned distribution channels, and a pre-anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, and a filtering tank connected to the distribution channels; of course, in the specific implementation, the number of the two sets is not limited;
in the system shown in fig. 3, the distribution canal includes: the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel are arranged side by side;
the first water distribution channel is connected with a first pre-anoxic tank, a first anaerobic tank, a first anoxic tank, a first aerobic tank and a first filtering tank;
the second water distribution channel is connected with a second pre-anoxic tank, a second anaerobic tank, a second anoxic tank, a second aerobic tank and a second filtering tank;
the first pre-anoxic tank and the second pre-anoxic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first anaerobic tank and the second anaerobic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first anoxic tank and the second anoxic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, and the first filtering tank and the second filtering tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel.
Specifically, the first pre-anoxic pond is connected with the first water distribution channel through a first water inlet gate 21, and the first anoxic pond is connected with the first water distribution channel through a second water inlet gate 22; the first aerobic tank is connected with the first water distribution channel through a first backwater gate 23; the first filtering tank is connected with the first aerobic tank through a first backflow pump 41; the first anoxic tank is connected with the first pre-anoxic tank through a second reflux pump 42;
the second pre-anoxic pond is connected with the second water distribution channel through a third water inlet gate 31, and the second anoxic pond is connected with the second water distribution channel through a fourth water inlet gate 32; the second aerobic pool is connected with the second water distribution channel through a second water return gate 33; the second filtering tank is connected with the second aerobic tank through a third reflux pump 51; the second anoxic tank is connected to the second pre-anoxic tank by a fourth reflux pump 52.
In this embodiment, when the water quality index of the pretreated sewage: at least one of organic load and carbon-nitrogen ratio, when corresponding conditions are met, different water inlet modes are adopted to treat the pretreated sewage, and pollutants in the original sewage can be fully utilized to treat domestic sewage with different water qualities, so that the high efficiency and economy of sewage treatment are ensured; overcomes the defects of low treatment efficiency, high operation cost, sludge bulking and the like caused by large changes of organic load and T/N of sewage quality in the prior domestic sewage treatment technology.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the step 11 may include:
if the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pretreated sewage is larger than a first value, or the organic load is higher than a second value, or the carbon-nitrogen ratio is larger than the first value and the organic load is higher than the second value, determining that the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is a first water inlet mode; otherwise, determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage as a second water inlet mode.
In the embodiment, when the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the water quality of the pretreated sewage is greater than a first value, wherein the first value is preferably 4, or the organic load is higher than a second value, wherein the second value is preferably 200 load units, or the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than the first value and the organic load is higher than the second value, the pretreated sewage and part of returned sludge of the anoxic tank enter the pre-anoxic tank, nitrate nitrogen is removed by using organic matters in the influent water, so that the capacity of denitrifying bacteria for competing for the organic matters with phosphorus accumulating bacteria in a subsequent anaerobic zone is reduced, and meanwhile, the anaerobic zone can better concentrate on releasing phosphorus, at the moment, because the nutrients in each functional zone are sufficient, the biochemical reaction is relatively single, and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency is high;
when the water quality is in a state that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than or equal to a first value, or the organic load is lower than a second value, or the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than or equal to the first value and the organic load is lower than the second value, the domestic sewage directly and completely enters the anoxic tank to operate.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, step 12 may include:
step 121, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank for treatment according to the first water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage; or alternatively
And step 122, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the anoxic tank for treatment according to the second water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 4, in the case of the first water inlet manner, step 13 may include:
step 1311, discharging the first discharged sewage into the anaerobic tank for treatment to obtain second discharged sewage;
1312, discharging the second discharged sewage into the anoxic tank for treatment to obtain third discharged sewage and first return sludge, and controlling the first return sludge to flow back to the pre-anoxic tank for treatment;
step 1313, discharging the third discharged sewage into the aerobic tank for treatment to obtain fourth discharged sewage;
step 1314, discharging the fourth discharged sewage into the filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage and second returned sludge, controlling the second returned sludge to return to the aerobic tank for mixing treatment with the third discharged sewage to obtain a first returned mixed liquid, and controlling the first returned mixed liquid to return to the anoxic tank for treatment.
In the embodiment, when pretreated sewage enters a pre-anoxic tank to operate, three-stage backflow is started, namely, the first backflow sludge is controlled to flow back to the pre-anoxic tank for treatment, the second backflow sludge is controlled to flow back to the aerobic tank to be mixed with third discharged sewage to obtain a first backflow mixed liquid, and the first backflow mixed liquid is controlled to flow back to the anoxic tank for treatment; and the sludge reflux ratio of each section is adjusted to ensure the sludge concentration and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency in each tank.
Here, the reflux ratio of the flow rate of the returned sludge in the anoxic tank to the inflow rate of the pre-anoxic tank is 20% to 100%:
the reflux ratio of the flow of the returned sludge of the filter tank to the water inflow of the aerobic tank is more than 200 percent;
the reflux ratio of the flow of the reflux mixed liquor of the aerobic tank to the water inflow of the anoxic tank is more than 200 percent.
Wherein the reflux of the flow of the return sludge of the anoxic tank and the water inflow of the pre-anoxic tank, namely the first-stage reflux, also called external reflux, mainly has the function of maintaining the content of microorganisms, and the reflux ratio is 20-100%.
The reflux ratio of the flow of the reflux sludge of the filter tank to the water inflow of the aerobic tank is the second-stage reflux;
the flow of the reflux mixed liquor of the aerobic tank and the water inflow of the anoxic tank are refluxed, namely the third-stage reflux;
the second-stage reflux and the third-stage reflux have the functions of maintaining the sludge concentration of the aerobic tank and maintaining enough digestive juice to enter the anoxic tank so as to ensure the denitrification efficiency, and the second-stage reflux and the third-stage reflux are kept consistent, generally more than 200 percent, and preferably 200 to 400 percent.
Here, the formula for calculating the reflux ratio is：
Figure BDA0003813271190000081
Wherein eta is denitrification efficiency; r is the reflux ratio.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 4, in the case of the second water inlet manner, step 13 may include:
step 1321, discharging the first discharged sewage into the aerobic tank for treatment to obtain fifth discharged sewage;
step 1322, discharging the fifth discharge sewage into the filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharge sewage and third return sludge, controlling the third return sludge to return to the aerobic tank to be mixed with the first discharge sewage to obtain a second return mixed liquid, and controlling the second return mixed liquid to return to the anoxic tank for treatment.
In the embodiment, when the pretreated sewage enters the anoxic tank to operate, the back two-stage reflux is started, namely the second-stage reflux and the third-stage reflux;
in the above embodiment of the present invention, the filtering tank is a membrane biological reaction filtering tank or a secondary sedimentation tank. Among them, MBR (Membrane Bio-Reactor) is a water treatment method in which a Membrane separation unit and a biological treatment unit are combined. According to the structure of the membrane, the membrane can be divided into a flat membrane, a tubular membrane, a hollow fiber membrane and the like, and according to the membrane aperture, the membrane can be divided into a microfiltration membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane, a nanofiltration membrane, a reverse osmosis membrane and the like. Can realize complete separation of HRT and SRT, realize high-efficiency interception of microorganisms, ensure the microorganism content of each biochemical pool and improve the biochemical reaction efficiency of the system.
The embodiment of the invention provides a domestic sewage treatment method with two water inlet modes, when domestic sewage enters a pre-anoxic tank for operation, three sections of reflux are started, and the sludge reflux ratio of each section is adjusted to ensure the sludge concentration and the denitrification efficiency in each tank. When the domestic sewage enters the anoxic tank to run, the back two-section reflux is started; the problems of low treatment efficiency, large carbon source adding amount, sludge bulking and the like caused by large changes of organic load and T/N of sewage quality are solved, and the stability and the economical efficiency of system operation are improved.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a sewage treatment system, which includes a distribution channel, and a pre-anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, and a filtering tank connected to the distribution channel; the pre-anoxic tank and the anoxic tank are connected with the water distribution channel through a water inlet gate, and the aerobic tank is connected with the water distribution channel through a water return gate; the filter tank is connected with the aerobic tank through a reflux pump, and the anoxic tank is connected with the pre-anoxic tank through a reflux pump;
according to a water inlet mode, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank through controlling the water inlet gate for treatment to obtain first discharged sewage; wherein, the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is determined according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage, and the water quality index comprises: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio;
and discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage.
In this embodiment, the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is determined according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage, and the water quality index includes: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio; discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank for treatment according to the water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage; and discharging the first discharge sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filter tank for treatment to obtain target discharge sewage. Pollutants in the original sewage are fully utilized to treat domestic sewage with different water qualities, so that the high efficiency and economy of sewage treatment are ensured; overcomes the defects of low treatment efficiency, high operation cost, sludge bulking and the like caused by large changes of organic load and T/N of sewage quality in the prior domestic sewage treatment technology; wherein the aerobic tank is connected with the water distribution channel through a water return gate; wherein, the liquid level in the aerobic tank is increased to be higher than the liquid level of the water distribution channel through the aeration device, so that the reflux mixed liquid in the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank through the water distribution channel; the filter tank is connected with the aerobic tank through a reflux pump; the anoxic tank is connected with the pre-anoxic tank through a reflux pump.
In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the distribution channel comprises: the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel are arranged side by side;
the first water distribution channel is connected with a first pre-anoxic tank, a first anaerobic tank, a first anoxic tank, a first aerobic tank and a first filtering tank;
the second water distribution channel is connected with a second pre-anoxic tank, a second anaerobic tank, a second anoxic tank, a second aerobic tank and a second filtering tank;
the first pre-anoxic tank and the second pre-anoxic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first anaerobic tank and the second anaerobic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first anoxic tank and the second anoxic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, and the first filtering tank and the second filtering tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel.
The first pre-anoxic pond is connected with the first water distribution channel through a first water inlet gate, and the first anoxic pond is connected with the first water distribution channel through a second water inlet gate; the first aerobic tank is connected with the first water distribution channel through a first backwater gate; the first filtering tank is connected with the first aerobic tank through a first reflux pump; the first anoxic tank is connected with the first pre-anoxic tank through a second reflux pump;
the second pre-anoxic pond is connected with the second water distribution channel through a third water inlet gate, and the second anoxic pond is connected with the second water distribution channel through a fourth water inlet gate; the second aerobic tank is connected with the second water distribution channel through a second water return gate; the second filtering tank is connected with the second aerobic tank through a third reflux pump; the second anoxic tank is connected with the second pre-anoxic tank through a fourth reflux pump.
In the system shown in fig. 2 and 3, the determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage includes:
if the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pretreated sewage is larger than a first value, or the organic load is higher than a second value, or the carbon-nitrogen ratio is larger than the first value and the organic load is higher than the second value, determining that the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is a first water inlet mode; otherwise, determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage as a second water inlet mode.
Further, according to the water inlet mode, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank for treatment to obtain first discharged sewage, comprising:
discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank for treatment according to the first water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage; or
And discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the anoxic tank for treatment according to the second water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage.
Specifically, under the condition of the first water inlet mode, discharging the first discharge sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filter tank for treatment to obtain target discharge sewage, including:
discharging the first discharged sewage into the anaerobic tank for treatment to obtain second discharged sewage;
discharging the second discharged sewage into the anoxic tank for treatment to obtain third discharged sewage and first return sludge, and controlling the first return sludge to flow back to the pre-anoxic tank for treatment;
discharging the third discharged sewage into the aerobic tank for treatment to obtain fourth discharged sewage;
and discharging the fourth discharged sewage into the filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage and second returned sludge, controlling the second returned sludge to return to the aerobic tank and mixing the second returned sludge with the third discharged sewage to obtain first returned mixed liquid, and controlling the first returned mixed liquid to return to the anoxic tank for treatment.
Specifically, under the condition of the second water inlet mode, the first discharged sewage is discharged into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment, so as to obtain target discharged sewage, and the method includes:
discharging the first discharged sewage into the aerobic tank for treatment to obtain fifth discharged sewage;
and discharging the fifth discharge sewage into the filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharge sewage and third return sludge, controlling the third return sludge to flow back to the aerobic tank to be mixed with the first discharge sewage to obtain second return mixed liquid, and controlling the second return mixed liquid to flow back to the anoxic tank for treatment.
According to the system provided by the embodiment of the invention, two water inlet modes are designed, when the water quality is in a high organic load and T/N is more than 4, part of return sludge of the domestic sewage and the anoxic tank enters the pre-anoxic tank, nitrate nitrogen is removed by using organic matters in inlet water, so that the capacity of denitrifying bacteria for competing for the organic matters with phosphorus accumulating bacteria in a subsequent anaerobic section is reduced, and meanwhile, the anaerobic zone can better concentrate on releasing phosphorus. At the moment, because the nutrient substances in each functional area are sufficient, the biochemical reaction is relatively single, and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency is high; when the water quality is in low organic load and T/N is less than 4, the domestic sewage directly and completely enters the anoxic tank for operation. The problems of low treatment efficiency, large carbon source adding amount, sludge bulking and the like caused by large changes of organic load and T/N of sewage quality are solved, and the stability and the economical efficiency of system operation are improved.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A sewage treatment method, which is applied to a sewage treatment system, wherein the sewage treatment system comprises a water distribution channel, and a pre-anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank which are connected with the water distribution channel, and the method comprises the following steps:
determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage, wherein the water quality index comprises the following components: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio;
according to the water inlet mode, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank for treatment to obtain first discharged sewage;
and discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage.
2. The sewage treatment method according to claim 1, wherein determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage comprises:
if the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pretreated sewage is larger than a first value, or the organic load is higher than a second value, or the carbon-nitrogen ratio is larger than the first value and the organic load is higher than the second value, determining that the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is a first water inlet mode; otherwise, determining the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage as a second water inlet mode.
3. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the step of discharging the pretreated wastewater entering the distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank for treatment according to the water inlet manner to obtain a first discharge wastewater comprises:
discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank for treatment according to the first water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage; or
And discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the anoxic tank for treatment according to the second water inlet mode to obtain first discharged sewage.
4. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 3, wherein in the case of the first water intake mode, discharging the first discharge wastewater into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, and a filtration tank to be treated to obtain target discharge wastewater, comprises:
discharging the first discharged sewage into the anaerobic tank for treatment to obtain second discharged sewage;
discharging the second discharged sewage into the anoxic tank for treatment to obtain third discharged sewage and first return sludge, and controlling the first return sludge to flow back to the pre-anoxic tank for treatment;
discharging the third discharged sewage into the aerobic tank for treatment to obtain fourth discharged sewage;
and discharging the fourth discharged sewage into the filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage and second returned sludge, controlling the second returned sludge to return to the aerobic tank and mixing the second returned sludge with the third discharged sewage to obtain first returned mixed liquid, and controlling the first returned mixed liquid to return to the anoxic tank for treatment.
5. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 3, wherein in the case of the second water intake mode, discharging the first discharge wastewater into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, and a filtration tank to be treated to obtain target discharge wastewater, comprises:
discharging the first discharged sewage into the aerobic tank for treatment to obtain fifth discharged sewage;
and discharging the fifth discharge sewage into the filter tank for treatment to obtain target discharge sewage and third return sludge, controlling the third return sludge to flow back to the aerobic tank to be mixed with the first discharge sewage to obtain second return mixed liquor, and controlling the second return mixed liquor to flow back to the anoxic tank for treatment.
6. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 4 or 5,
the reflux ratio of the flow of the return sludge of the anoxic tank to the water inflow of the pre-anoxic tank is 20-100%:
the reflux ratio of the flow of the returned sludge of the filter tank to the water inflow of the aerobic tank is more than 200 percent;
the reflux ratio of the flow of the reflux mixed liquor of the aerobic tank to the water inflow of the anoxic tank is more than 200%.
7. The sewage treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the filtration tank is a membrane biological reaction filtration tank or a secondary sedimentation tank.
8. A sewage treatment system comprises a water distribution channel, a pre-anoxic tank, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank, wherein the pre-anoxic tank, the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank and the filtering tank are connected with the water distribution channel; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the pre-anoxic tank and the anoxic tank are connected with the water distribution channel through a water inlet gate, and the aerobic tank is connected with the water distribution channel through a water return gate; the filter tank is connected with the aerobic tank through a reflux pump, and the anoxic tank is connected with the pre-anoxic tank through a reflux pump;
according to a water inlet mode, discharging the pretreated sewage entering the water distribution channel into the pre-anoxic tank or the anoxic tank through controlling the water inlet gate for treatment to obtain first discharged sewage; wherein, the water inlet mode of the pretreated sewage is determined according to the water quality index of the pretreated sewage, and the water quality index comprises: at least one of organic loading and carbon to nitrogen ratio;
and discharging the first discharged sewage into at least one of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and a filtering tank for treatment to obtain target discharged sewage.
9. The wastewater treatment system of claim 8, wherein the distribution channel comprises: the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel are arranged side by side;
the first water distribution channel is connected with a first pre-anoxic tank, a first anaerobic tank, a first anoxic tank, a first aerobic tank and a first filtering tank;
the second water distribution channel is connected with a second pre-anoxic tank, a second anaerobic tank, a second anoxic tank, a second aerobic tank and a second filtering tank;
the first pre-anoxic tank and the second pre-anoxic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first anaerobic tank and the second anaerobic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first anoxic tank and the second anoxic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, the first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel, and the first filtering tank and the second filtering tank are symmetrically arranged about the first water distribution channel and the second water distribution channel.
10. The wastewater treatment system according to claim 9,
the first pre-anoxic pond is connected with the first water distribution channel through a first water inlet gate, and the first anoxic pond is connected with the first water distribution channel through a second water inlet gate; the first aerobic tank is connected with the first water distribution channel through a first backwater gate; the first filtering tank is connected with the first aerobic tank through a first reflux pump; the first anoxic tank is connected with the first pre-anoxic tank through a second reflux pump;
the second pre-anoxic pond is connected with the second water distribution channel through a third water inlet gate, and the second anoxic pond is connected with the second water distribution channel through a fourth water inlet gate; the second aerobic pool is connected with the second water distribution channel through a second water return gate; the second filtering tank is connected with the second aerobic tank through a third reflux pump; the second anoxic tank is connected with the second pre-anoxic tank through a fourth reflux pump.
CN202211024039.8A 2022-08-24 2022-08-24 Sewage treatment method and system Active CN115432820B (en)

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