CN115432762B - SSG system based on quaternary composite material - Google Patents
SSG system based on quaternary composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115432762B CN115432762B CN202211066195.0A CN202211066195A CN115432762B CN 115432762 B CN115432762 B CN 115432762B CN 202211066195 A CN202211066195 A CN 202211066195A CN 115432762 B CN115432762 B CN 115432762B
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- 239000011219 quaternary composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 32
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 28
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCPLVIGCWWTHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-L methyl blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[NH+]C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC(=CC=3)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)C=C1 MCPLVIGCWWTHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002384 drinking water standard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001392 ultraviolet--visible--near infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
Abstract
The invention discloses an SSG system based on a quaternary composite material, which comprises: the quaternary composite material made of diatomite, polyvinyl alcohol, fe3O4 and cotton is used as a system photo-thermal conversion layer, the photo-thermal material layer is placed on polyethylene foam on the surface of seawater, and cotton cores are used for connection between the photo-thermal conversion layer and the seawater. The added Fe 3O4 has wide light absorption characteristics and good light-heat conversion performance, is an ideal light-heat conversion material, and the polyvinyl alcohol enhances the adhesive force among Fe 3O4, cotton and diatomite, also enhances the hardness of a sample and an internal porous structure, greatly enhances the hydrophilicity of the sample due to the existence of the diatomite, ensures that water at the lower layer can be continuously conveyed to the surface of the sample, and the surface of the sample is roughened by the diatomite, reduces the reflection of sunlight and improves the light-heat conversion efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to an SSG system based on a quaternary composite material.
Background
The problem of water resource shortage is one of the problems to be solved by people, and many scholars are put into the research of obtaining purified water, and sewage purification and sea water desalination are the main methods for solving the problem of water resource shortage. Solar energy is a well-known clean and sustainable energy source, and generally, the method for realizing Solar steam generation% of solar-thermal conversion efficiency by using solar energy is only about 35%, evaporation efficiency is low, and problems such as insufficient water supply, heat loss and the like can also occur in the evaporation process. In view of this, a great number of methods for optimizing Solar steam generation have been developed in recent years, and in general, three-dimensional water channels are usually in thermal conduction with a water body, so that heat loss can be reduced by adopting two-dimensional water channels based on fiber paper and one-dimensional water channels based on cotton, and in order to further reduce heat loss, a layer of insulating material such as polyethylene foam is placed between the light-heat conversion layer and the water body, so that the material is prevented from contacting the water body, and further heat loss is prevented.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an SSG system based on a quaternary composite material, which solves the problem of water resource shortage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
An SSG system based on a quaternary composite material, the system comprising: the quaternary composite material made of diatomite, polyvinyl alcohol, fe 3O4 and cotton is used as a system photo-thermal conversion layer, the photo-thermal material layer is placed on polyethylene foam on the surface of seawater, and cotton cores are used for connection between the photo-thermal conversion layer and the seawater.
The preparation method of the quaternary composite material comprises the following steps:
Cotton is torn into cotton batting and then is processed according to the following steps: soaking Fe 3O4 in a weight ratio of 1.5-2:1 in water, stirring for 6-7 hours, adding diatomite with the same mass as cotton and polyvinyl alcohol with the weight of 20-30% of the cotton into the mixed solution, heating to 70-90 ℃, keeping and continuously stirring until the water is evaporated, putting the materials into a mould for compression molding, finally putting the materials into an oven with the temperature of 75-80 ℃ for drying for 10-12 hours, taking out, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
The added Fe 3O4 has wide light absorption characteristics and good light-heat conversion performance, is an ideal light-heat conversion material, and the polyvinyl alcohol enhances the adhesive force among Fe 3O4, cotton and diatomite, also enhances the hardness of a sample and an internal porous structure, greatly enhances the hydrophilicity of the sample due to the existence of the diatomite, ensures that water at the lower layer can be continuously conveyed to the surface of the sample, and the surface of the sample is roughened by the diatomite, reduces the reflection of sunlight and improves the light-heat conversion efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a platform of an SSG experimental set-up according to the invention; FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a photo-thermal film evaporator;
FIG. 2a is an XRD spectrum of Fe3O4, diatomaceous earth and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM according to the present invention, and FIG. 2b is an absorbance graph of CT, CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM;
3 a-c are morphology and microstructure diagrams of CT, CT-Fe and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM observed by using a scanning electron microscope; FIGS. 3 d-f are graphs of contact angles of three samples of CT-Fe, CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM;
FIG. 4a is an infrared thermographic image of various times after CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol exposure to water; FIG. 4b is an infrared image corresponding to different times after CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM is contacted with water;
FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of a laboratory SSG device; FIG. 5b is a graph showing the change of water quality with time of illumination under a solar intensity; FIG. 5c is a graph showing evaporation rate and evaporation efficiency of four samples of CT, CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM at a solar intensity; FIG. 5d is a graph showing the change of water quality with time of illumination at different solar intensities; FIG. 5e is a graph showing the evaporation rate and evaporation efficiency of CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM at different solar intensities; FIG. 5f is a graph showing the cyclic test performance of CT-Fe-PVA-DM at a solar intensity;
FIG. 6a is an infrared image of CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM (dry state) at 1 sun at different times; FIG. 6b is a graph showing the variation of the upper surface temperature of CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM (dried state) with time of heat radiation under one sun, and FIG. 6c is an infrared image of different samples under different times under one sun; FIG. 6d is a graph showing the change of the upper surface temperature of different samples with irradiation time under the sun;
FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a laboratory-built solar-driven water evaporation system; FIG. 7b is an absorption spectrum of simulated wastewater, wastewater and treated fresh water using a solution of methyl blue and methyl orange configured to have a mass fraction of 20 mg/L; FIG. 7c is a graph of salinity of solutions before and after desalination of sea water using sea salt configured as a solution at a mass fraction of 3.5% to simulate sea water; FIG. 7d is a graph showing the comparison of the heavy metal ions in the wastewater before and after purification.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
An SSG system based on a quaternary composite material, the system comprising: the quaternary composite material made of diatomite, polyvinyl alcohol, fe 3O4 and cotton is used as a system photo-thermal conversion layer, the photo-thermal material layer is placed on polyethylene foam on the surface of seawater, and cotton cores are used for connection between the photo-thermal conversion layer and the seawater.
The preparation method of the quaternary composite material comprises the following steps:
Cotton is torn into cotton batting and then is processed according to the following steps: soaking Fe 3O4 in a weight ratio of 1.5:1 in water, stirring for 6 hours, adding diatomite with the same mass as cotton and polyvinyl alcohol with 20% of the cotton weight into the mixed solution, heating to 70 ℃, keeping and continuously stirring until moisture is evaporated, putting the materials into a mould for compression molding, finally putting the materials into a 75 ℃ oven for drying for 10 hours, taking out and cooling to room temperature to obtain the product, namely CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM, wherein a sample prepared by using the same mode without adding diatomite is denoted as CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol, a sample prepared by using no polyvinyl alcohol and diatomite is denoted as CT-Fe, and a sample prepared by using cotton is denoted as CT;
SSG test
The schematic diagram of the platform of the SSG experimental apparatus is shown in fig. 1a, a photothermal conversion sample is placed in a beaker filled with sewage/seawater, the beaker is placed on an electronic balance connected with a computer, a xenon lamp is used for simulating the solar irradiation sample, water evaporation is generated along with the sample, and the quality change of water in the beaker is monitored and recorded in real time. A schematic diagram of a photo-thermal film evaporator is shown in fig. 1b, a prepared sample is adopted as a photo-thermal conversion material at the top, photo-thermal conversion is carried out on the surface of the sample, moisture in an interface area is evaporated, the sample to be detected is placed on a piece of polyethylene foam, the polyethylene foam is suspended and fixed in a beaker, on one hand, sunlight is prevented from directly contacting with water in the beaker to form a thermal radiation influence experiment, on the other hand, heat convection between a photo-thermal film at the top and seawater at the lower layer is reduced, a plurality of cotton cores are used for penetrating through the foam, and two ends of the cotton cores are respectively contacted with the sample and the seawater
SSG test
SSG tests are respectively carried out under 1-3 sun, the optical power intensity of 1-3 kw m -2 is realized by adjusting the power of a solar simulator, and the upper surface area of a sample adopted in the experiment isCm 2, all experiments are completed under the condition that the ambient temperature is 25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 60%, the mass fraction of simulated seawater adopted in the experiments is 3.5wt%, the volume is 150ml, after the seawater is placed for 0.5h, the experiments are started after the seawater wets the whole sample, and the weight change of the seawater and the temperature change of the sample are respectively monitored by an electronic balance and an infrared thermal imager.
As shown in FIG. 2a, the XRD spectra of Fe 3O4, diatomite and CT-Fe-PVA-DM show that the diffraction peaks of Fe 3O4 mainly appear in 30.08 degrees, 35.43 degrees, 43.06 degrees, 53.42 degrees, 56.94 degrees and 62.53 degrees, which are respectively positioned in the planes (220), (311), (400), (422), (333) and (440), and the characteristic peaks of diatomite mainly appear in 21.95 degrees and 31.37 degrees (101) and (102), so that the characteristic peaks appear in the CT-Fe-PVA-DM of the composite sample, but the intensities of the characteristic peaks are weakened to different degrees, which is probably caused by the alternate arrangement between particles after the Fe 3O4 nanometer powder and diatomite particles are mixed. There are also some characteristic peaks in XRD patterns of the sample CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM which are not noted, and this may be characteristic peaks of cotton and polyvinyl alcohol. One of the decisive factors for improving SSG efficiency is the light absorption rate of the samples, CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM light absorption rates are measured by using a UV-vis-NIR spectrometer (FIG. 2 b), the average absorbance of the four samples is 28.03%, 96.13%, 95.93% and 93.42%, respectively, it can be found that the absorbance of the sample added with Fe 3O4 is significantly improved, the absorbance is higher in the wavelength range of 200-2500 nm, the absorbance of the sample CT-Fe and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol are close, the absorbance of the sample CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM is slightly lower, and although the rough surface of diatomite reduces the reflectivity of the sample, the absorbance is reduced due to the nearly white surface.
The morphology and microstructure of CT, CT-Fe and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM are observed by using a scanning electron microscope, as shown in a-c in fig. 3, the surface of a CT sample is smoother and is fluffy, attached nano particles can be obviously seen on the surface of the CT-Fe sample, the sample is more compact than CT, a plurality of attached nano particles can be seen on the surface of the CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM sample, and the aggregation phenomenon of some nano particles occurs due to the existence of polyvinyl alcohol, so that particle gels in the sample form a block together, and the sample becomes firm. The contact angles of three samples of CT-Fe, CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM are shown in figures 3 d-f, the contact angle of a comparative fluffy CT-Fe sample is 120.5 degrees, the CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol sample is compact due to the addition of polyvinyl alcohol, the sample shows better hydrophilicity, the contact angle is 72.8 degrees, diatomite is contained in the CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM, researches show that the diatomite surface contains a large amount of hydroxyl groups, the hydrophilicity of the sample is increased, and the measured contact angle is 53.9 degrees.
In order to compare the hydrophilicities of two samples of CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM, the two samples are respectively suspended in a small water pool, and if the material is hydrophilized, water can always fill the whole sample due to capillary phenomenon. Infrared thermographic images of different times after exposure of two samples of CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM to water are shown in fig. 4. The temperature of the material is higher before the CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM contacts water, and the infrared thermal imaging graph of the surface of the sample is red. After contacting the water, the moisture rapidly starts to spread along the sample, the temperature of the sample surface rapidly decreases, after 5s, the moisture is seen to have covered half of the sample by infrared thermography, and after 15s the moisture covers the entire sample. The thermal imaging pattern of CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol before contact with water is similar to that of CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM, and after contact with water, moisture also spreads along the sample, after 5s, the moisture only spreads 1/3 of the sample, and after about 30s, the moisture covers the whole sample. The results show that CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM has stronger hydrophilicity and water absorbability, which are very important performances for SSG efficiency, and the thermal imaging of CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM is clearer compared with CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol, thus indicating more uniform moisture distribution. These results all demonstrate that DM can increase the water absorption and hydrophilicity of the samples.
Photo-thermal conversion and solar steam experiments
The evaporation properties of several samples were tested and analyzed by SSG experiments using the apparatus shown in fig. 5a for several samples of pure seawater, CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM, respectively. As shown in FIG. 5, the evaporation rate of pure seawater is very slow, the mass change of the pure seawater in 40min under dark and 1 sun illumination is 0.02kg m -2 and 0.16 kg m -2 respectively, compared with the experimental device after using samples, the evaporation efficiency is improved to different degrees, the evaporation quality of the seawater in 40min under one sun is sequentially improved by CT, CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM, the evaporation rate of the seawater in the dark is 0.33kg m -2 、0.72kg m-2 、0.82kg m-2 and 0.9kg m -2 respectively, the evaporation rates of several samples can be calculated by subtracting the evaporation rates of the seawater in the dark from the evaporation rates of the seawater in the dark to be CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM (1.32 kg m -2 h-1) > CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol （1.2kg m-2 h-1）>CT-Fe（1.05kg m-2 h-1）>CT（0.47kg m-2 h-1）>Seawater-light（0.21kg m-2 h-1）>Seawater-dark（0.03kg m-2 h-1）,, and the evaporation efficiencies of the seawater, CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol in the sun can be further calculated to be about 13%, 29%, 66%, 75% and 82.9% respectively (FIG. 5).
FIG. 5 shows the curves of the evaporation mass of seawater of the sample CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM under 1, 2 and 3 sun with time, and the mass loss of seawater of the sample after 40min under 1, 2 and 3 sun is found to be 0.9kg m -2、1.45kg m-2 and 2.22kg m -2 respectively. It can be further calculated that the corresponding evaporation rates are 1.32kg m -2 h-1、2.15kg m-2 h-1 and 3.3kg m -2 h-1, respectively, from which result we can obtain that the evaporation rate is not in a linear relationship with the illumination intensity, mainly because as the illumination intensity increases, the temperature of the sample surface increases, so that the temperature difference between the sample surface and the environment becomes larger, thereby increasing the heat convection and the heat radiation, reducing the energy utilization rate, and therefore, the evaporation efficiency is reduced from 82.9% of one sun to 67.4% of two sun and 69% of three sun (fig. 5), and considering that the evaporation efficiency is improved, the heat preservation capability of the sample can be properly increased under the premise of increasing the illumination intensity. In order to evaluate the stability of evaporation performance under one solar irradiation, 10 cycles (fig. 5) each lasting 1h were performed, and it can be seen from the figure that the evaporation rate and evaporation efficiency were stabilized at 1.3 kg m -2 h-1 or more and 82% or more.
FIG. 6a is an infrared image of the surface of a sample of CT-Fe-PVA-DM at room temperature of 25℃and relative humidity of 60%, at different times under 1 day, FIG. 6b is a trend of the surface temperature over time, after the sample is irradiated for 30s, the surface temperature rises by 38℃and then the rise of the temperature begins to be slow, after 65s, the temperature of the surface of the sample wafer rises to 73.1℃and after 6min irradiation, the surface temperature of the final sample wafer reaches 81.4℃and the overall rise of 52.6℃and the above results show that CT-Fe-PVA-DM has a certain practical significance as a photothermal material of an SSG system.
The temperature of the sample surface is different in the evaporation process due to the different photo-thermal conversion efficiencies, the infrared images of the samples under different time are shown in fig. 6c under one sun, the curves of the temperature change of the sample surface with time under 1 sun irradiation are shown in fig. 6d, the temperature rise is relatively slow in the case of pure seawater or CT samples, the temperature rise is relatively fast when CT-Fe, CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol and CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM are used as the photo-thermal conversion films, the temperature rise is about 13 ℃ in the first 5min, the temperature rise speed of the three samples is relatively slow in the 5min to 10min, the temperature rise speed of the three samples is about 4 ℃ and Fe 3O4 is contained in all the three samples, so that Fe 3O4 has good photo-thermal conversion capability, and the temperature of the surfaces of the samples tend to be stable after 10min, wherein the temperature of the CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM is higher than the temperature of the CT-Fe and CT-polyvinyl alcohol-DM is 0.3 ℃ and 1 ℃ respectively, and the data prove that the samples have good photo-thermal conversion performance.
Water purification
Fig. 7a is a schematic diagram of a laboratory-built solar driven water evaporation system with a CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM sample as described herein placed on the foam surface as a photo-thermal conversion layer. In the experiment, one of the main reasons for the high evaporation efficiency of water is that a cotton core is adopted as a channel for conveying water, which is also the only path for sunlight to contact with water, and polyethylene foam is used as a heat insulation layer, so that seawater/sewage is further prevented from directly contacting with sunlight in a large area.
In order to further study the capability of purifying sewage by CT-Fe-polyvinyl alcohol-DM, the solution with the mass fraction of 20mg/L is respectively prepared by using methyl blue and methyl orange to simulate the absorption spectrum of the wastewater (shown in figure 7 b) and the absorption spectrum of the treated fresh water, the absorbance of the wastewater after purification is close to zero, which indicates that impurity particles in the wastewater are removed, the comparison diagram before and after the purification of heavy metal ions in the wastewater is shown in figure 7d, and the concentration of Cu 2+、Ni2+、Cd2+、Zn2+、Co2+ after purification is respectively reduced by 4, 3 and 4 orders of magnitude, which indicates that the heavy metal ions are almost disappeared in the wastewater. SSG based on CT-Fe-PVA-DM is therefore shown to be an effective method for wastewater purification. In addition, the sea water desalination experiment is also simulated, sea water is simulated by preparing sea salt into a solution according to the mass fraction of 3.5%, the salinity of the solution before and after sea water desalination is measured as shown in figure 7c, the result shows that the salinity of the sea water after desalination is close to 0%, the Na +、Mg2+、K+、Ca2+ concentration in the sea water before and after desalination is respectively reduced by 3, 4, 3 and 3 orders of magnitude, and the sea water after desalination is changed from exceeding WHO standards to being lower than WHO standards after desalination, thereby meeting the drinking water standard of people. SSG based on CT-Fe-PVA-DM is fully proved to be an effective sea water desalination method.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. An SSG system based on a quaternary composite material, characterized by: the system comprises: the preparation method comprises the steps of taking quaternary composite materials made of diatomite, polyvinyl alcohol, fe 3O4 and cotton as a system photo-thermal conversion layer, placing the photo-thermal conversion layer on polyethylene foam on the surface of seawater, and connecting the photo-thermal conversion layer with the seawater by using cotton cores;
the preparation method of the quaternary composite material comprises the following steps:
After tearing cotton into cotton wool, the cotton is torn according to the weight ratio of 1.5-2:1: mixing Fe 3O4, soaking in water, stirring for 6-7 hr, adding diatomite with the same mass as cotton and polyvinyl alcohol with the weight of 20-30% of cotton into the above mixture, heating to 70-90deg.C, keeping stirring until water is evaporated, then placing the above materials into a mold, compression molding, oven drying at 75-80deg.C for 10-12 hr, taking out, and cooling to room temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211066195.0A CN115432762B (en) | 2022-09-01 | 2022-09-01 | SSG system based on quaternary composite material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211066195.0A CN115432762B (en) | 2022-09-01 | 2022-09-01 | SSG system based on quaternary composite material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115432762A CN115432762A (en) | 2022-12-06 |
| CN115432762B true CN115432762B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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| CN107603570A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-19 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Phase-changing energy storage material with photothermal deformation performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111171329A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-19 | 翁秋梅 | Plastic dilatancy polymer and method for realizing dilatancy thereof |
| CN111924918A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-13 | 东华大学 | Double-sided photo-thermal conversion material and solar seawater evaporation device constructed by same |
| CN112897617A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Pyramid-shaped solar photo-thermal evaporator and preparation method thereof |
| CN113893706A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Porous hydrophilic photo-thermal seawater desalination composite membrane and preparation method thereof |
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| US20220220008A1 (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2022-07-14 | City University Of Hong Kong | A composite material and a water purifying system |
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| CN103585644A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-19 | 苏州大学 | Polyethylene glycol modified magnetic nanoparticle and application thereof |
| CN107603570A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-19 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Phase-changing energy storage material with photothermal deformation performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111171329A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-19 | 翁秋梅 | Plastic dilatancy polymer and method for realizing dilatancy thereof |
| CN111924918A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-13 | 东华大学 | Double-sided photo-thermal conversion material and solar seawater evaporation device constructed by same |
| CN112897617A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Pyramid-shaped solar photo-thermal evaporator and preparation method thereof |
| CN113893706A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Porous hydrophilic photo-thermal seawater desalination composite membrane and preparation method thereof |
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