CN115420272A - Method for realizing self-adaptive suppression of relative intensity noise of optical fiber gyroscope light source - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing self-adaptive suppression of relative intensity noise of a light source of a fiber-optic gyroscope, which comprises the steps of setting a corresponding sampling time sequence by utilizing an analog-to-digital converter at a sampling frequency when the suppression effect of the relative intensity noise of the light source is reduced, and carrying out signal acquisition in the corresponding sampling time sequence to obtain the number of sampling points and a sampling integral value corresponding to the time sequence; calculating according to the number of the sampling points and the sampling integral value to obtain a direct current component and a peak value of a signal reaching the photoelectric detector; calculating to obtain signal light power and reference light power; carrying out a ratio of the reference light power and the signal light power, and adjusting the modulation depth according to the ratio so as to enable the numerical value of the ratio to be equal to 1; on the basis of not introducing any device, the dynamic monitoring of the signal light power and the reference light power is realized, and the self-adaptive suppression function of the relative intensity noise of the light source is realized in the simplest form.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber optic gyroscopes, in particular to a method for realizing adaptive suppression of relative intensity noise of a light source of a fiber optic gyroscope.
Background
The fiber-optic gyroscope has the characteristics of high measurement precision, good sensitivity, large dynamic range, small volume, light weight, long service life, easiness in integration and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of missile guidance, satellite navigation, attitude control and the like. With the continuous improvement of the performance of the platform system, the requirement for the detection accuracy of the fiber-optic gyroscope is also increased, so how to further reduce the noise of the high-accuracy fiber-optic gyroscope and improve the detection accuracy have become a research hotspot in the field in recent years. Factors influencing the detection accuracy of the fiber-optic gyroscope are complex, wherein Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) of a light source is one of main factors, so that various research organizations in the world carry out serial research on suppression of the Relative Intensity Noise of the light source and make breakthrough progress, wherein fig. 1 is one of suppression schemes, is a typical principle diagram of a cancellation scheme of the Relative Intensity Noise of the light source based on an Intensity superposition type, and mainly comprises a light source, a 50.
The scheme of the light source relative intensity noise cancellation optical path shown in fig. 1 can achieve the purpose of suppressing the relative intensity noise cancellation under the characteristic frequency point by adjusting the intensity ratio and the time delay between the signal light and the reference light by overlapping two beams of light with the same spectrum and perpendicular to the polarization state on the basis of not damaging the minimum reciprocity structure of the fiber optic gyroscope. According to the structural characteristics of the fiber-optic gyroscope, the scheme can effectively inhibit the relative intensity noise of the light source at the angular rate demodulation frequency, improve the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the gyroscope and further optimize the detection precision. However, in actual use, due to factors such as environmental influence and device performance degradation, the loss of the signal optical path and the reference optical path changes, and the gyro parameter is fixed, so that the suppression effect of the relative intensity noise of the light source is affected, and the optimal suppression state is not achieved. Therefore, relevant research organizations propose a light source relative intensity noise adaptive suppression method on the basis, however, in the adaptive suppression scheme, additional optical and electronic devices need to be introduced, the structure is relatively complex, the uncertainty of the optical path state is increased, and the further development of the fiber-optic gyroscope in miniaturization, light weight and low cost is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing the adaptive suppression of the relative intensity noise of a light source of a fiber-optic gyroscope, so as to solve or improve at least one of the technical problems.
In view of the above, the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for implementing adaptive suppression of relative intensity noise of a fiber-optic gyroscope light source.
The invention provides a method for realizing adaptive suppression of relative intensity noise of a light source of a fiber optic gyroscope, which comprises a first polarization-maintaining coupler, wherein one end of the first polarization-maintaining coupler is respectively connected with a wide-spectrum light source and a first incidence end of a second polarization-maintaining coupler, the other end of the first polarization-maintaining coupler is connected with an integrated optical modulator, a sensitive optical fiber ring is connected onto the integrated optical modulator, an emergent end of the second polarization-maintaining coupler is connected with an optical detector, a second incidence end of the second polarization-maintaining coupler is connected with the other end of the first polarization-maintaining coupler through a delay optical fiber, the optical detector is connected with the integrated optical modulator through a signal processing module, an analog-to-digital converter is arranged in the integrated optical modulator, and the method comprises the following steps: s1, when the relative intensity noise suppression effect of a light source is reduced, setting a corresponding sampling time sequence at a sampling frequency by using an analog-to-digital converter, and performing signal acquisition in the corresponding sampling time sequence to obtain the number of sampling points and a sampling integral value corresponding to the time sequence; s2, calculating and obtaining a direct current component and a peak value of a signal reaching the photoelectric detector according to the number of the sampling points and the sampling integral value; s3, calculating to obtain signal light power and reference light power according to the direct current component and the peak value; s4, carrying out a ratio on the reference light power and the signal light power, and adjusting the modulation depth according to the ratio so as to enable the numerical value of the ratio to be equal to 1; and S5, continuously repeating the steps S1-S4 during the operation of the fiber-optic gyroscope so as to achieve the optimal suppression effect of continuously keeping the relative intensity noise of the light source in the current state.
The method for realizing the adaptive suppression of the relative intensity noise of the light source of the fiber-optic gyroscope can realize the adaptive suppression function of the relative intensity noise of the light source on the basis of not adding any additional electronic and optical components
In order to eliminate optical and electronic devices introduced in the existing intensity noise adaptive implementation method, the optical fiber gyroscope light source relative intensity noise adaptive suppression method is implemented by a simplest structure, on the basis of not changing the structure of the original light source relative intensity noise suppression scheme, the signal characteristics reaching the optical fiber gyroscope photoelectric detector are utilized, the intensity of signal light and reference light is detected and separated by setting the sampling frequency and the sampling time sequence of a proper analog-to-digital converter, and on the basis, once the ratio is not 1, the modulation depth is adjusted until the state that the intensity ratio is 1 is recovered;
the scheme can realize the self-adaptive suppression function of the relative intensity noise of the light source on the basis of not adding any additional electronic and optical components, and has certain important guiding significance in the aspects of the volume, the weight and the cost of the fiber-optic gyroscope.
In addition, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in any of the above technical solutions, the method for calculating the dc component and the peak value of the signal reaching the photodetector in S2 is as follows:
wherein N is 1 Is the corresponding sampling point number N in the time sequence time of T1 and T3 2 Is the corresponding sampling point number, S, in the T2 time sequence time DC1 、S DC2 、S peak The sampled integral values in the time series time of T1, T3 and T2,
Respectively the average value of the direct current components in two adjacent tau periods,
Is the average value of the DC component of the signal,
Is the average value, I, of the DC component peak values between two adjacent tau periods peak (n) is the pulse peak sampling value of the detector, I DC1 (n) and I DC2 And (n) is the direct current component sampling value of the detector in the time sequence time of T1 and T3 respectively, wherein tau is the transit time of the fiber-optic gyroscope, namely the time of one circle of light propagation in the fiber-optic ring.
In this solution, for the acquisition
And
only a proper AD acquisition time sequence needs to be added to the original detection scheme of the fiber-optic gyroscope, and it is assumed that the direct current component is acquired within the time sequence time corresponding to T1
In the positive modulation period
Corresponding value
Sampling of (1); in the time sequence corresponding to T2, the peak value is obtained
Sampling of (1); in the time sequence corresponding to T3, is the direct current component
In the negative modulation period
Corresponding value
Sampling of (3).
In any of the above technical solutions, the method for calculating the signal optical power and the reference optical power in S3 is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the average value of the maximum signal light power without modulation reaching the photoelectric detector,
Is the average value of the power of the signal light under modulation reaching the photoelectric detector,
Is the average value of the reference optical power,
Is the modulation depth.
In the technical scheme, in a scheme for canceling the relative intensity noise of the optical fiber gyroscope light source based on the intensity superposition type, the signal characteristics and the detection principle of the optical fiber gyroscope are combined, and the relation among the total signal peak value, the direct current offset, the signal light power and the mean value of the reference light power reaching the detector has the following steps:
and, on the premise that the fiber optic gyroscope detects that the closed loop is stable, the direct current offset of the signal reaching the detector is equal to the sum of the intensities of the signal light and the reference light, and the direct current offset detection method comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
respectively, the average value of the direct current optical signals in two adjacent tau periods reaching the detector. Therefore, the average value of the maximum signal light power under no modulation and actually reaching the detector can be calculated
Mean value of signal light power under modulation
And reference light power average value
In any of the above technical solutions, the numerical calculation formula of the ratio is specifically:
wherein alpha is 1 Is the intensity ratio of the reference optical power and the signal optical power.
In this solution, the intensity ratio α is determined by 1 And the intensity ratio is always kept at 1 by changing the modulation depth, so that the optimal effect of the optical fiber gyroscope light source on the adaptive suppression of the relative intensity noise is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
on the basis of not introducing any device, the dynamic monitoring of the signal light power and the reference light power is realized;
in the simplest form, the self-adaptive suppression function of the relative intensity noise of the light source is realized, and the further development of the fiber-optic gyroscope in the aspects of reducing power consumption, volume, cost and the like is facilitated
Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments in accordance with the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments in accordance with the invention.
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The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a typical schematic diagram of a light source relative intensity noise cancellation scheme based on an intensity superposition type;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional fiber-optic gyroscope light source relative intensity noise adaptive suppression device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of modulation and demodulation of the fiber-optic gyroscope of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a detector signal and acquisition timing sequence based on a light source relative intensity noise suppression scheme according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a novel implementation of the adaptive suppression device for the relative intensity noise of the optical fiber gyroscope light source according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example 1
Embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, provide a method for implementing adaptive suppression of relative intensity noise based on a fiber-optic gyroscope light source. Wherein, the method comprises the following steps:
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a typical modulation and demodulation principle of the fiber optic gyroscope, and in combination with the optical path structure shown in fig. 1, since the reference light reaching the photodetector is not modulated, the reference light is embodied as a direct current component at the photodetector, and therefore the total light intensity reaching the photodetector can be represented as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the average value of the maximum signal optical power reaching the photodetector without modulation,
to average the reference optical power reaching the photodetector,
the phase difference corresponding to the angular velocity is,
in order to feed back the phase difference,
in order to modulate the square wave phase difference,
is the modulation depth.
According to the modulation and demodulation principle of the fiber-optic gyroscope, the light intensity reaching the photoelectric detector in two adjacent tau periods can be expressed as:
then the maximum optical power of the photodetector, i.e. the signal peak, is reached without modulation
The angular rate is demodulated such that the difference between the signals in two adjacent periods is:
the visible reference light does not affect the demodulation value of the angular rate, and the sum of signals of two adjacent periods is as follows:
in the all-digital closed-loop detection process of the fiber-optic gyroscope, when the closed loop tends to be stable, the feedback phase difference is the same as the phase difference corresponding to the angular rate in magnitude and has opposite signs, so that the sum of the signals of two adjacent periods can be represented as:
and the average value is the sum of the modulated signal light power and the reference light power, namely the average value of the direct current offset of the light power reaching the photoelectric detector
According to the above analysis, based on the optical path structure shown in fig. 1, the peak value of the light intensity and the dc offset after the signal light and the reference light reaching the photodetector are combined after modulation are respectively:
thus, the depth is modulated in combination with a known variable
With the formulas (7) and (8), the average value of the maximum signal optical power without modulation actually reaching the photodetector can be calculated
Mean value of signal light power under modulation
And reference optical power mean
Respectively as follows:
in the solution of canceling optical path based on the relative intensity noise of the light source as shown in fig. 1, the intensity ratio of the actual signal optical power to the reference optical power reaching the photodetector can be expressed as:
therefore, as long as the peak value of the total signal reaching the photodetector can be collected
And a direct current component
Corresponding signal light power can be obtained
Reference optical power
And the intensity ratio alpha therebetween 1 。
To collect
And
only a proper AD acquisition time sequence needs to be added to the original detection scheme of the fiber-optic gyroscope, as shown in FIG. 4, the time sequence corresponding to T1 is the direct current component
In the positive modulation period
Corresponding value I 1 Sampling of (1); t2 is the peak value
Sampling; in the time sequence corresponding to T3, is the direct current component
In the negative modulation period
Corresponding value I 1 Sampling of (1); the corresponding sample value can be expressed as:
wherein N is 1 Is the corresponding sampling point number N in the time sequence time of T1 and T3 2 Is the corresponding number of sampling points, S, in the T2 time sequence DC1 、S DC2 、S peak The sampled integral values in the time series time of T1, T3 and T2,
Respectively the average value of the direct current components in two adjacent tau periods,
Is the average value of the DC component of the signal,
Is two adjacentAverage value of DC component peak values between tau periods, I peak (n) pulse peak sample value of detector, I DC1 (n) and I DC2 And (n) is the direct current component sampling value of the detector in the time sequence time of T1 and T3 respectively, wherein tau is the transit time of the fiber-optic gyroscope, namely the time of one circle of light propagation in the fiber-optic ring.
Therefore, the digital quantity obtained by corresponding sampling can be calculated by only setting the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter and matching the corresponding time sequence and the acquisition period
Further calculating to obtain
And alpha 1 Taking this as a monitoring reference, the modulation depth is adjusted, and finally, the adaptive suppression of the relative intensity noise of the light source is realized, and the schematic diagram of the overall suppression scheme is shown in fig. 5.
Comparative example 1
The scheme of the light source relative intensity noise cancellation optical path shown in fig. 1 can achieve the purpose of suppressing the relative intensity noise cancellation at a characteristic frequency point by overlapping two beams of light with the same spectrum and perpendicular to the polarization state on the basis of not damaging the minimum reciprocity structure of the fiber-optic gyroscope, and according to research, the ratio of the relative intensity noise power spectral density of the light source after overlapping two beams of light with the same spectrum and perpendicular to each other in the polarization state to the relative intensity noise power spectral density of the light source in the original signal light is shown to be
In the formula, RIN d (v) RIN (v) respectively represents the relative intensity noise power spectral density alpha of the light source after and before superposition of the two beams of light 1 Is the intensity ratio of the actual signal light power reaching the photodetector at the current moment to the reference light power, t 1 V is the frequency, which is the time delay between the signal light and the reference light. Under this scheme, when reaching the photodetectorThe signal light is in accordance with the reference light intensity, i.e. alpha 1 In case of =1, at a frequency v = 1/(2 t) 1 ) It is theoretically possible to eliminate the light source relative intensity noise. The time delay of the signal light and the reference light is just tau + t e (time delay except for the fiber loop) so that the fiber length in the reference path is increased appropriately, let t e =0, i.e. t 1 If = τ, the relative intensity noise of the light source can be effectively suppressed at the frequency v = 1/(2 τ), that is, at the angular rate demodulation frequency of the fiber optic gyroscope, the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the fiber optic gyroscope is increased, and the detection accuracy is improved, so that maintaining the signal light reaching the photodetector consistent with the reference light intensity is a key point for achieving suppression of the relative intensity noise of the light source.
Comparative example 2
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical principle of a conventional fiber-optic gyroscope light source relative intensity noise adaptive suppression apparatus, which adds an additional splitting ratio Na to the diagram in fig. 1: nb polarization maintaining coupler and probe B. The scheme not only can effectively inhibit the relative intensity noise of the light source, but also can respectively calculate the signal light power and the reference light power reaching the detector A according to the light splitting ratio of each coupler and the receiving light intensity of the detector A and the detector B, further deduces whether the intensity ratio in the current state is 1, and always keeps the intensity ratio of the signal reaching the detector A to the reference light to be 1 through adjusting the modulation depth, thereby realizing the self-adaptive optimal adjustment of the relative intensity noise of the light source.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are only intended to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for realizing adaptive suppression of relative intensity noise of a light source of a fiber-optic gyroscope comprises the following steps: one end of the first polarization-maintaining coupler is respectively connected with a wide-spectrum light source and a first incidence end of a second polarization-maintaining coupler, the other end of the first polarization-maintaining coupler is connected with an integrated optical modulator, a sensitive optical fiber ring is connected onto the integrated optical modulator, an emergent end of the second polarization-maintaining coupler is connected with an optical detector, a second incidence end of the second polarization-maintaining coupler is connected with the other end of the first polarization-maintaining coupler through a delay optical fiber, the optical detector is connected with the integrated optical modulator through a signal processing module, and an analog-to-digital converter is arranged in the integrated optical modulator, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, when the relative intensity noise suppression effect of a light source is reduced, setting a corresponding sampling time sequence at a sampling frequency by using an analog-to-digital converter, and performing signal acquisition in the corresponding sampling time sequence to obtain the number of sampling points and a sampling integral value corresponding to the time sequence;
s2, calculating and obtaining a direct current component and a peak value of a signal reaching the photoelectric detector according to the number of the sampling points and the sampling integral value;
s3, calculating to obtain signal light power and reference light power according to the direct current component and the peak value;
s4, carrying out a ratio on the reference light power and the signal light power, and adjusting the modulation depth according to the ratio so as to enable the numerical value of the ratio to be equal to 1;
and S5, continuously repeating the steps S1-S4 during the operation of the fiber-optic gyroscope so as to achieve the optimal suppression effect of continuously keeping the relative intensity noise of the light source in the current state.
2. The method for realizing the adaptive suppression of the relative intensity noise of the optical fiber gyroscope light source according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the direct current component and the peak value of the signal reaching the photodetector in the step S2 is as follows:
wherein N is 1 Is the corresponding sampling point number N in the time sequence time of T1 and T3 2 Is the corresponding number of sampling points, S, in the T2 time sequence DC1 、S DC2 、S peak The sampled integral values in the time series time of T1, T3 and T2,
Respectively the average value of the direct current components in two adjacent tau periods,
Is the average value of the DC component of the signal,
Is the average value, I, of the DC component peak values between two adjacent tau periods peak (n) is the pulse peak sampling value of the detector, I DC1 (n) and I DC2 And (n) is the direct current component sampling value of the detector in the time sequence time of T1 and T3 respectively, wherein tau is the transit time of the fiber-optic gyroscope, namely the time of one circle of light propagation in the fiber-optic ring.
3. The method for realizing adaptive suppression of relative intensity noise of a fiber-optic gyroscope light source according to claim 2, wherein the method for calculating the signal optical power and the reference optical power in S3 is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the average value of the maximum signal light power without modulation reaching the photoelectric detector,
Is the average value of the power of the signal light under modulation reaching the photoelectric detector,
Is an average value of reference optical power,
Is the modulation depth.
4. The method for realizing adaptive suppression of relative intensity noise of a fiber-optic gyroscope light source according to claim 3, wherein the numerical calculation formula of the ratio is specifically as follows:
wherein alpha is 1 Is the intensity ratio of the signal light power and the reference light power.
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