CN115419349B - Space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door - Google Patents
Space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door Download PDFInfo
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- CN115419349B CN115419349B CN202210838631.5A CN202210838631A CN115419349B CN 115419349 B CN115419349 B CN 115419349B CN 202210838631 A CN202210838631 A CN 202210838631A CN 115419349 B CN115419349 B CN 115419349B
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- door
- cabin
- body structure
- door body
- main shaft
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/32—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
- E06B3/34—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement
- E06B3/36—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement with a single vertical axis of rotation at one side of the opening, or swinging through the opening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C9/00—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing
- E05C9/06—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with three or more sliding bars
- E05C9/063—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with three or more sliding bars extending along three or more sides of the wing or frame
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D3/00—Hinges with pins
- E05D3/02—Hinges with pins with one pin
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/16—Sealing arrangements on wings or parts co-operating with the wings
Abstract
The invention discloses a space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door, and relates to the technical field of manned space cabin doors. The bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door comprises a door body structure, a door shaft mechanism, a driving mechanism, a transmission locking mechanism, a guide mechanism and a sealing mechanism, wherein the door body mechanism is hinged with a door frame fixed on the body of an airship through the door shaft mechanism, a plurality of transmission locking mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the door body structure, power is transmitted between the driving mechanism and the transmission locking mechanisms through a planetary gear train, driving force is provided by utilizing a central loading mode, the driving mechanism amplifies and transmits the central loading force to the transmission locking mechanism, a plurality of sliding blocks are driven to press the cabin door body into the door frame, and radial sealing and axial locking of the door body and the door frame are realized. The scheme adopts radial sealing, floating door shaft design, multipoint compression design and matching design of the door body and the door frame, and realizes the sealing function under the condition of pressure difference on two sides respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manned spacecraft cabin door, in particular to a space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door, and belongs to the technical field of manned spacecraft mechanism design.
Background
The space cabin door is used as an important component of the manned aircraft, is a key structure for realizing the sealing function of the sealed cabin, and is also a passage for the astronauts to enter and exit the sealed cabin. The research and design of the manned spacecraft cabin door not only has important significance for safety guarantee in the cabin of the astronaut and space capsule outlet movement, but also has important significance for meeting and butt joint of the manned spacecraft.
During flight, the load is subjected to extremely severe working environments, such as violent impacts and vibrations. When the cabin door is opened and closed, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside greatly influences the stress of the cabin door; in addition, since the door structure is heavy, it is difficult to simply open manually. Qian Hai et al propose a cabin door locking execution mechanism layout scheme in a spacecraft electric and manual integrated cabin door locking mechanism design published in Shanghai aerospace in 2015 03, and the principle is that a connecting rod roller mechanism is driven to realize locking and unlocking of a cabin door by driving an intermediate gear to drive two sector gears to move, and end face sealing is realized; but at the same time, the characteristic makes the device only capable of bearing and sealing unidirectionally, and does not have the capacity of bearing and sealing bidirectionally.
The space cabin door is divided into two types, wherein the first type is an interface between the inner space of the aircraft and the external environment; the second is the interface between two adjacent segments. At present, the structural design of the space cabin door is mainly concentrated in the first type, and because the external environment is a vacuum environment, the cabin door adopts an internal pressure sealing mode (namely unidirectional pressure bearing sealing) during the design, and only inward opening can be realized; for the second type, the first type of door structure is not suitable for use as an interface between two adjacent segments, since either one of the two adjacent segments may be in a vacuum environment or an atmospheric environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door which is used as an interface between two adjacent cabin sections of a manned aircraft, can realize bidirectional pressure-bearing sealing, and can ensure opening in various environments in the two adjacent cabin sections.
The space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door comprises: an annular door frame structure arranged on the cabin body;
a door body structure hinged to the door frame structure through a door shaft mechanism; the door body structure can rotate around the door shaft mechanism; balance valves are arranged on two sides of the door body structure;
the transmission locking mechanism is used for locking the door body structure; the transmission locking mechanism comprises: more than two connecting rods and sliding blocks corresponding to the connecting rods one by one; strip-shaped grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the sliding blocks are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the door body structure and the inner circle Zhou Jun of the door frame structure at intervals along the circumferential direction; when the cabin door is in a closed state, the strip-shaped grooves on the door body structure and the strip-shaped grooves on the door frame structure are in butt joint one by one to form a sliding groove;
the driving mechanism is arranged at the center of the door body structure and used for driving the transmission locking mechanism to move; one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the driving mechanism, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block; under the drive of the driving mechanism, the sliding block slides in the sliding groove to lock and unlock the door body structure;
and a sealing structure for sealing between the door body structure and the door frame structure is realized in a radial sealing mode.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the driving mechanism includes: spindle sleeve and planetary gear train;
the main shaft sleeve is arranged at the central position of the door body structure, and hinge points which are in one-to-one correspondence with the connecting rods are uniformly distributed on the main shaft sleeve at intervals along the circumferential direction and are used for hinging the connecting rods;
the planetary gear train includes: a main shaft and three planetary gears distributed in a regular triangle state around the main shaft; the planetary gear train and the switch rotating handle are respectively arranged at two sides of the end surface of the main shaft sleeve; the main shaft sleeve extends towards the side where the planetary gear train is located along the axial direction of the main shaft sleeve and is provided with annular internal teeth;
one end of the main shaft penetrates through the central hole of the main shaft sleeve and is fixedly connected with the switch rotating handle, and the other end of the main shaft extends out of the door body structure and is connected with the cabin outer operation interface and the pointer; the middle part of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a main shaft gear, and the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the main shaft gear; and simultaneously, the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the internal teeth on the main shaft sleeve.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the door spindle mechanism includes: door frame fixing pieces of the door shaft mechanism cabin, a door shaft body, a tensioning spring and door shaft mechanism cabin door fixing pieces;
the door frame fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism cabin is fixed on the door frame structure and is used for supporting the door shaft body; one end of the door shaft mechanism cabin door fixing piece is fixedly connected with the door body structure, and the other end of the door shaft mechanism cabin door fixing piece is sleeved on the door shaft body; the door shaft body is a rotating shaft for opening and closing the door body structure relative to the door frame structure;
the door shaft mechanism cabin door firmware is sleeved on the door shaft body through the strip-shaped hole, one end of the tensioning spring is sleeved on the door shaft body, and the other end of the tensioning spring is connected with the door shaft mechanism cabin door firmware; the extension direction of the tensioning spring is consistent with the length direction of the strip-shaped hole, and the extension direction of the tensioning spring is along the axial direction of the door body structure.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the end part of the strip-shaped groove on the door frame structure is provided with a compression curved surface, and the compression curved surface is a curved surface structure formed by sinking the strip-shaped groove along the axial direction of the door frame structure; the end part of the sliding block is provided with a roller; when the door body structure is closed, the sliding block enters the sliding groove on the door frame structure and moves to the position where the compression curve is located, and the roller at the end part of the sliding block moves along the compression curve to drive the door body structure to axially translate.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the device also comprises a guide mechanism; the guide device is used for guiding the door body structure when the door body structure is closed;
the guide mechanism position includes: a guide groove and a guide roller; the guide groove is fixed on the door frame structure, and the length of the guide groove is parallel to the axial direction of the door frame structure; the outer circumference of the door body structure is provided with a convex column body in sliding fit with the guide groove;
the guide groove is provided with a horn-shaped opening, and the outer side of the guide groove is provided with a sleeve perpendicular to the side surface; the guide roller is positioned in the sleeve and is in sliding fit with the sleeve; the end part of one end of the guide roller is provided with a pulley, and an opening is arranged on the guide groove at a position corresponding to the pulley; the other end of the guide roller is connected with the inner bottom surface of the sleeve through a sleeve spring; the spring is in a natural state, and the pulley protrudes out of the opening on the inner bottom surface of the guide groove.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the cabin door locking valve is fixed on the door body structure, and a locking groove matched with the cabin door locking valve is formed in the main shaft;
when the locking core of the cabin door locking valve is positioned in the locking groove on the main shaft, the main shaft can be limited to rotate.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: when the transmission locking mechanism is in a locking state, the connecting rod is in radial superposition with the door body structure and is in a dead point position of the rotation of the connecting rod.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the sealing structure is a double-layer sealing ring arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the door body structure.
As a preferred mode of the present invention: the transmission locking mechanism comprises: twelve connecting rods and sliding blocks corresponding to the twelve connecting rods one by one.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The space cabin door provided by the invention realizes bidirectional pressure-bearing sealing of the cabin door in a mode of combining locking and radial sealing by adopting a plurality of groups of connecting rod sliding block mechanisms in parallel; the cabin door can be used as an interface between two adjacent cabin sections of the manned aircraft, and the cabin door can be opened in various environments in the two adjacent cabin sections. Specific: the transmission locking mechanism adopts the connecting rod sliding blocks which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction to uniformly transmit loading force to the compression points on the periphery of the door body, so that the locking of the cabin door is realized, and the structural layout improves the pressure bearing capacity of the cabin door.
(2) The driving mechanism and the transmission locking mechanism transmit power through the planetary gear train, the driving mechanism provides driving force in a center loading mode and amplifies and transmits the driving force loaded in the center to the transmission locking mechanism, so that the effects of saving labor and accurately controlling the stroke can be achieved, an operator can accurately open and lock the cabin door only with small force, and the requirement of astronaut operation on small cabin door operation force is met.
(3) The floating door shaft mechanism is adopted, a certain movable gap is formed between the door body structure and the door shaft body, so that the door body structure has an axial translation displacement relative to the door shaft body, and the door shaft structure is matched with a compression curve arranged in a chute of the transmission locking mechanism, thereby realizing uniform compression of the radial sealing ring while ensuring locking of the cabin door.
(4) The transmission locking mechanism can be accurately positioned at the butt joint position after the cabin door is closed through the guide mechanism, and whether the door body structure reaches the sealing position can be judged through force feedback.
(5) When the transmission locking mechanism is locked, the connecting rod is radially overlapped with the door body structure, and at the moment, the connecting rod at the dead point is positioned at the dead point of the rotation of the connecting rod, so that the connecting rod at the dead point can realize a self-locking effect.
(6) The double-layer sealing ring is arranged on the outer side column body of the door body structure, so that two sides of the cabin door are not affected when the inner pressure difference and the outer pressure difference are met, and the two sides can be guaranteed to have consistent good bearing capacity.
(7) The invention adopts a mode of combining the floating door shaft and the guide mechanism, realizes the functions of flexible rotation, convenient opening and closing and force feedback of the cabin door, thereby meeting the ergonomic requirements of the cabin door. The radial seal, the floating door shaft, the multipoint compaction and the matching design of the door body and the door frame are adopted, so that the sealing function under the condition that one atmospheric pressure difference exists on two sides of the cabin door can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a space bi-directional pressure-bearing door of the present invention;
figure 2 is a schematic view of the back of the space bi-directional pressure-bearing door of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the drive mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the transmission principle of the cabin door in the locking and unlocking state of the present invention, wherein (a) is in the locking state and (b) is in the unlocking state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a drive lock mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a radial cross-sectional view of a seal ring employed in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a door spindle mechanism and an exploded view of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view and an exploded view of a guide mechanism in the present invention.
Wherein: 1-driving mechanism, 2-cabin pointer, 3-door shaft mechanism, 4-door body structure, 5-cabin balance valve, 6-connecting rod, 7-main shaft sleeve, 8-guiding mechanism, 9-cabin handle, 10-transmission locking mechanism, 11-door frame structure, 12-switch rotating handle, 13-cabin outside operation interface and pointer, 14-cabin outside handle, 15-cabin balance valve, 16-double-layer sealing ring, 17-main shaft, 18-cabin door locking valve, 19-planetary gear, 20-slider, 21-door shaft mechanism cabin door frame firmware, 22-door shaft body, 23-tensioning spring, 24-door shaft mechanism cabin door firmware, 25-tensioning spring fixing screw, 26-guiding groove, 27-guiding pulley, 28-guiding roller, 29-guiding spring.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is described for explaining the present invention, but is not limited to the present invention. The following description is of specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door serving as an interface between two adjacent cabin sections of a manned aircraft, a multi-cell connecting rod sliding block loaded in the center is adopted to realize the rotary switching operation of the cabin door, and meanwhile, a radial double-layer sealing ring is combined to realize the bidirectional pressure-bearing sealing of the cabin door.
Two cabin sections connected through the cabin door are a cabin section A and a cabin section B respectively, and for convenience of description, one surface of the cabin door facing the cabin section A is the cabin inner side, and the surface facing the cabin section B is the cabin outer side; i.e. the outside of the cabin in this example is not meant to be the outside environment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door is of a circular structure as a whole, and comprises: a driving mechanism 1, a door shaft mechanism 3, a door body structure 4, a transmission locking mechanism 10 and a door frame structure 11.
The operating element for effecting the operation (opening or closing) of the hatch comprises: an intra-cabin handle 9, a switch rotating handle 12, an extra-cabin operation interface, a pointer 13 and an extra-cabin handle 14.
The door frame structure 11 is an annular frame arranged on the cabin of the manned spacecraft and is used as a connecting base of the door body structure 4 and the manned spacecraft; the door frame structure 11 is provided with an end frame matched with the door body structure 4; one end of the door body structure 4 is hinged on the door frame structure 11 through the door shaft mechanism 3, and the door body structure 4 can rotate around the door shaft mechanism 3 and is matched with the end frame to realize the opening and closing of the door body structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11; in this case the door is in a side-open manner, whereby the door body structure 4 is hinged to the door frame structure 11 at a left or right intermediate position by means of the door spindle mechanism 3. In the cabin section a or the cabin section B, the door body structure 4 can be opened inwards or outwards, and handles, namely an in-cabin handle 9 and an out-cabin handle 14, are arranged on two end faces of the door body structure 4 for convenient operation.
As shown in fig. 3, the driving mechanism 1 is used for driving a transmission locking mechanism 10; the drive mechanism 1 is mounted on one side end face of the door body structure 4, in this case the drive mechanism 1 is mounted on the end face of the inside of the cabin of the door body structure 4. The driving mechanism 1 includes: a spindle cover 7 and a planetary gear train; wherein the planetary gear train includes: a main shaft 17 and three planetary gears 19 distributed in a regular triangle around the main shaft 17; the main shaft sleeve 7 is arranged at the center of the door body structure 4; the planetary gear train and the switch rotating handle 12 are respectively arranged at two sides of the end surface of the main shaft sleeve 7; the side of the main shaft sleeve 7 facing the planetary gear train is axially extended with an annular bulge, and the inner circumferential surface of the annular bulge is provided with inner teeth; one end of the main shaft 17 passes through a central hole of the main shaft sleeve 7 and then is fixedly provided with a switch rotating handle 12 which is used as an operation end of the cabin inner side driving mechanism 1; the other end extends out of the door body structure 4 through a central hole of the door body structure 4 (a main shaft 17 passes through the door body structure 4 and is sealed by dynamic sealing) and is connected with an extravehicular operation interface and a pointer 13 at the outer side of the cabin; a main shaft gear is fixedly connected in the middle of the main shaft 17, and three planetary gears 19 are respectively meshed with the main shaft gear; while the three planetary gears 19 are respectively engaged with the internal teeth on the spindle cover 7.
When the main shaft 17 is rotated by the switch rotating handle 12, the planetary gear train can transmit the central driving force provided by the switch rotating handle 12 to the main shaft sleeve 7 through the planetary gear 19 meshed with the main shaft gear, and the large movement amount of the switch rotating handle 12 is converted into small rotation of the main shaft sleeve 7; the driving mechanism 1 controls the transmission locking mechanism 10 through the secondary speed reduction driving moment to achieve the effects of saving labor and precisely controlling the stroke.
In addition, in order to avoid the rotation of the main shaft 17 caused by disturbance, a cabin door locking valve 18 is fixed on the door body structure 4, and a locking groove matched with the cabin door locking valve 18 is arranged on the main shaft 17; when the hatch is in the closed and locked or unlocked state, the lock core of the hatch lock valve 18 is located in a lock groove on the spindle 17 to restrict the spindle 17 from rotating.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the transmission locking mechanism 10 includes: twelve connecting rods 6 and sliding blocks 20 corresponding to the twelve connecting rods 6 one by one; twelve strip-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumference at intervals on the outer circumference of the door body structure 4 and the inner circumference of the door frame structure 11, and when the cabin door is in a closed state, the strip-shaped grooves on the door body structure 4 and the strip-shaped grooves on the door frame structure 11 are in butt joint one by one to form a sliding groove for enabling the sliding block 20 to slide. Twelve sliding grooves are hinged with twelve connecting rod mechanisms in a one-to-one correspondence manner. Twelve hinge points are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the main shaft sleeve 7 at intervals along the circumferential direction; one end of each of the twelve connecting rods 6 is hinged with twelve hinge points on the main shaft sleeve 7, and the sliding blocks 20 hinged with the other end are respectively positioned in the twelve sliding grooves and are in sliding fit with the sliding grooves. A pressing point is arranged in each sliding groove on the door frame structure 11 and is used for being matched with the sliding block 20 to realize the pressing between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11.
The movement of the connecting rod 6 in the transmission locking mechanism 10 is controlled through the main shaft sleeve 7, and the sliding block 20 is driven to move more stably and smoothly through the connecting rod 6, so that the locking and unlocking of the cabin door are realized. When the transmission locking mechanism 10 is locked, the connecting rod 6 is radially overlapped with the door body structure 4, as shown in (a) of fig. 4; at the moment, the connecting rod at the dead point of the rotation of the connecting rod can achieve the self-locking effect. And twelve sliding grooves are adopted in the transmission locking mechanism 10, so that the action track of the sliding block 20 can be well and accurately limited.
The motion quantity of the transmission locking mechanism 10 in the unlocking and locking motion process is smaller than that of other transmission mechanisms, and meanwhile, the main shaft sleeve 7 is arranged at the center of the door body structure 4, so that motion interference among twelve connecting rods 6 is successfully avoided. In addition, the size of the main shaft sleeve 7 is matched with the connecting rod 6 in design, the connecting circumference of the connecting rod 6 is enlarged through the main shaft sleeve 7, the movement interference between the connecting rods 6 can be avoided, and good expansion and contraction synchronism of the sliding block 20 is realized.
In addition, for visually displaying the unlocking and locking states of the transmission locking mechanism 10, an in-cabin pointer 2 is arranged on the inner side of the cabin of the door body structure 4, and the state of the transmission locking mechanism 10 is indicated by the in-cabin pointer 2. The outside of the cabin indicates the state of the transmission locking mechanism 10 through an outside operation interface and a pointer among pointers 13.
As shown in fig. 6, a double seal ring 16 is provided between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 for sealing between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11. Specific: the double-layer sealing ring 16 is located on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical structure of the door body structure 4, that is, a radial sealing mode is adopted between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11, and as the sealing effect is only related to the elastic performance of the double-layer sealing ring 16, the good effect of consistent bidirectional bearing capacity can be achieved.
In addition, the cabin inner side and the cabin outer side of the door body structure 4 are respectively provided with an cabin inner balance valve 5 and an cabin outer balance valve 15, which are used for keeping sealing when the door body structure 4 is closed, and an air flow channel is formed before the door body structure 4 is opened so as to balance the air pressure at two sides of the cabin door, so that the cabin door is opened conveniently.
The bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door in space can realize the functions of realizing the repeatability of unlocking, opening, closing and locking of the cabin door, and specifically comprises the following components:
(1) Closing and locking functions: in the cabin door opening state, if the cabin door needs to be closed, the door body structure 4 is closed by the cabin inner handle 9 or the cabin outer handle 14; the operator rotates the switch rotating handle 12 to drive the main shaft 17 to rotate, amplifies and transmits driving force to twelve connecting rods 6 connected with the main shaft sleeve 7 through planetary gears 19, drives the sliding blocks 20 connected with the main shaft sleeve to synchronously slide outwards in the sliding grooves, so that the sliding blocks 20 enter the sliding grooves on the door frame structure 11 until the top ends of the sliding blocks 20 contact with the pressing points in the sliding grooves, namely, the sliding blocks 20 move to a locking position along the radial direction of the cabin door, and the transmission locking mechanism 10 is in the state shown in (a) in fig. 4.
(2) Unlocking and opening functions: in the locked and sealed state, if the cabin door needs to be opened, when a large pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the cabin, the cabin door is difficult to be directly opened, and at the moment, an operator in the cabin door needs to manually open the cabin balance valve 5 arranged on the door body structure 4 so as to balance the pressure on the inner side and the outer side of the cabin door. When the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cabin is smaller, the operation of balancing the pressure on the inner side and the outer side of the cabin door is not needed. Then, the operator rotates the switch rotating handle 12 reversely, drives the twelve connecting rods 6 to rotate through the main shaft 17, so that the twelve sliding blocks 20 retreat in the sliding grooves and separate from the pressing points until retreating from the sliding grooves on the door frame structure 11, and retract into the sliding grooves on the door body structure 4, so that the unlocking of the door body structure 4 is realized, and the transmission locking mechanism 10 is in the state shown in (b) of fig. 4. Then, the operator pulls the handle 9 in the cabin to enable the door body structure 4 to rotate around the door shaft mechanism 3, so that the opening of the cabin door can be realized.
The cabin door is reasonable in structure, easy to unlock, open, close and lock, low in required operation force, high in reliability and high in bearing capacity, and can be opened in various environments. Meanwhile, the cabin door high-rigidity locking design is combined with the radial double-redundancy sealing compression design, so that bidirectional pressure bearing can be realized.
Example 2:
on the basis of the above-described embodiment 1, a preferred embodiment of the door spindle mechanism 3 is given.
The door spindle mechanism 3 is a floating door spindle mechanism and is used for realizing the connection between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 and the rotation and translation of the door body structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11.
As shown in fig. 7, the door spindle mechanism 3 includes: door spindle mechanism compartment door frame fastener 21, door spindle shaft body 22, tension spring 23, door spindle mechanism compartment door fastener 24, and tension spring set screw 25.
The door frame fixing piece 21 of the door shaft mechanism cabin is fixed on the door frame structure 11 and serves as a mounting seat of the door shaft mechanism 3; the door frame fixing piece 21 of the door shaft mechanism is provided with a supporting lug for installing the door shaft body 22; one end of the door shaft mechanism cabin door fixing piece 24 is fixedly connected with the door body structure 4, and the other end is sleeved on the door shaft body 22; the door spindle body 22 is a rotation axis of the door body structure 4 when opened and closed with respect to the door frame structure 11, i.e., the door spindle mechanism door securing member 24 is rotatable about the axis of the door spindle body 22. In view of the side-opening mode of the hatch in this example, the axial direction of the door-shaft body 22 is in the vertical direction.
The door shaft mechanism cabin door firmware 24 is sleeved on the door shaft body 22 through a rectangular hole (or a waist-shaped hole), one end of the tensioning spring 23 is sleeved on the door shaft body 22, and the other end of the tensioning spring 23 is connected with the door shaft mechanism cabin door firmware 24 through a tensioning spring fixing screw 25; the extension and retraction direction of the tensioning spring 23 is consistent with the length direction of the rectangular hole, and the length direction of the rectangular hole is along the axial direction of the door body structure 4. The rectangular holes are arranged to enable the door fixing piece 24 of the door shaft mechanism and the door shaft body 22 to have axial tolerance along the door body structure 4, so that a certain movable gap is formed between the door body structure 4 and the door shaft body 22, the door body structure 4 has axial floating (namely translation of the door body structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11), and smooth opening and closing of the door are ensured; and a tension spring 23 provided between the door spindle body 22 and the door spindle mechanism door securing member 24, which is capable of tensioning the door spindle mechanism door securing member 24 when the door is closed,
on the basis of translation of the door body structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11, a compression curved surface is arranged at the end part of a strip-shaped groove on the door frame structure 11, namely, the tail end of the strip-shaped groove on the door frame structure 11 is a curved surface structure sinking along the axial direction of the door frame structure 11 to form a compression curved surface, the position is taken as a compression point, and the end part of the sliding block 20 is provided with a roller; when the cabin door is closed, the sliding block 20 enters the sliding groove on the door frame structure 11 and moves to the position where the compression curve is located, and the roller at the end part of the sliding block moves along the compression curve to drive the door body structure 4 to axially translate so as to uniformly compress the double-layer sealing ring 16, thereby avoiding unilateral abrasion caused by uneven stress of the sealing ring; therefore, when the sliding block 20 moves, the door body structure 4 is driven to axially press the door frame structure 11, so that the double-layer sealing ring 16 between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 is compressed, and the locking and sealing functions of the cabin door are realized.
In addition, a coil spring can be arranged on the door shaft body 22, and the retention of any position in the opening process of the cabin door can be realized by adjusting the pretightening force of the coil spring.
Example 3:
on the basis of the above-described embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, a guide mechanism 8 is further provided, and a preferred embodiment of the guide mechanism 8 is given.
The guide mechanism 8 is used for guiding when the door body structure 4 is closed; as shown in fig. 8, the guide mechanism 8 is located between the door frame structure 11 and the door body structure 4, and includes: a guide groove 26 and a guide roller 28; wherein the guide groove 26 is fixed on the door frame structure 11 (and is positioned on the opposite side of the door spindle mechanism 3 on the door frame structure 11, namely, is positioned on the same radial direction with the door spindle mechanism 3), the slotting direction of the guide groove 26 is parallel to the axial direction of the door frame structure 11, and the guide groove is provided with a horn-shaped opening; the outer circumference of the door body structure 4 is provided with a protruding cylinder in sliding fit with the guide groove 26.
The outside of the guide groove 26 (opposite side of the grooved surface) has a sleeve perpendicular to the side surface; the guide roller 28 is positioned in the sleeve and is in sliding fit with the sleeve; a pulley 27 is arranged at one end of the guide roller 28, and an opening is arranged in the guide groove 26 and corresponds to the pulley 27; the other end of the guide roller 28 is connected to the inner bottom surface of the sleeve by a guide spring 29. The guide spring 29 is in a natural state, and the pulley 27 protrudes from an opening on the inner bottom surface of the guide groove 26.
When the cabin door is closed, the protruding column body on the door body structure 4 is contacted with the horn-shaped opening of the guide groove 26 firstly, and the position of the door body structure 4 is corrected; continuing to close the door body structure 4, and extruding the pulley 27 after the protruding column body on the door body structure 4 moves to the position of the pulley 27 in the guide groove 26; the pulley 27 drives the guide roller 28 to move backwards to compress the guide spring 29 until the protruding column body passes over the pulley 27, the guide spring 29 rebounds, and at this time, the door body structure 4 is judged to have reached the sealing position.
The guide groove 26 is internally provided with an observation hole, so that the compression condition of the guide spring 29 on the guide roller 28 can be observed, and the closing progress of the door body structure 4 can be judged; and the resilience of the guide spring 29 gives the operator force feedback, by which the operator can judge the closing progress of the door body structure 4 with the change of the position of the guide roller 28.
After the guide mechanism 8 is arranged, when the cabin door is closed, the door body structure 4 is closed by the cabin handle 9 or the cabin outer handle 14 until the door body structure 4 is smoothly led into the guide groove 26 of the guide mechanism 8, the compression condition of the guide spring 29 is observed from the hole of the guide groove 26, and when the guide spring 29 has a compression rebound process, the door body structure 4 is judged to have reached the sealing position.
And because of the restraint of the guide mechanism 8 and the floating door spindle mechanism 3, the door body structure 4 only axially floats and the sealing effect of the double-layer sealing ring 16 positioned on the side surface of the cabin door is not affected.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door for interfacing between two adjacent segments of a manned aircraft, comprising:
an annular door frame structure arranged on the cabin body;
a door body structure hinged to the door frame structure through a door shaft mechanism; the door body structure can rotate around the door shaft mechanism; balance valves are arranged on two sides of the door body structure;
the transmission locking mechanism is used for locking the door body structure; the transmission locking mechanism comprises: more than two connecting rods and sliding blocks corresponding to the connecting rods one by one; strip-shaped grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the sliding blocks are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the door body structure and the inner circle Zhou Jun of the door frame structure at intervals along the circumferential direction; when the cabin door is in a closed state, the strip-shaped grooves on the door body structure and the strip-shaped grooves on the door frame structure are in butt joint one by one to form a sliding groove;
the driving mechanism is arranged at the center of the door body structure and used for driving the transmission locking mechanism to move; one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the driving mechanism, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block; under the drive of the driving mechanism, the sliding block slides in the sliding groove to lock and unlock the door body structure;
a sealing structure for realizing the sealing between the door body structure and the door frame structure in a radial sealing mode;
the driving mechanism includes: spindle sleeve and planetary gear train;
the main shaft sleeve is arranged at the central position of the door body structure, and hinge points which are in one-to-one correspondence with the connecting rods are uniformly distributed on the main shaft sleeve at intervals along the circumferential direction and are used for hinging the connecting rods;
the planetary gear train includes: a main shaft and three planetary gears distributed in a regular triangle state around the main shaft; the planetary gear train and the switch rotating handle are respectively arranged at two sides of the end surface of the main shaft sleeve; the main shaft sleeve extends towards the side where the planetary gear train is located along the axial direction of the main shaft sleeve and is provided with annular internal teeth;
one end of the main shaft penetrates through the central hole of the main shaft sleeve and is fixedly connected with the switch rotating handle, and the other end of the main shaft extends out of the door body structure and is connected with the cabin outer operation interface and the pointer; the middle part of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a main shaft gear, and the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the main shaft gear; simultaneously, the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the internal teeth on the main shaft sleeve;
the door spindle mechanism includes: door frame fixing pieces of the door shaft mechanism cabin, a door shaft body, a tensioning spring and door shaft mechanism cabin door fixing pieces;
the door frame fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism cabin is fixed on the door frame structure and is used for supporting the door shaft body; one end of the door shaft mechanism cabin door fixing piece is fixedly connected with the door body structure, and the other end of the door shaft mechanism cabin door fixing piece is sleeved on the door shaft body; the door shaft body is a rotating shaft for opening and closing the door body structure relative to the door frame structure;
the door shaft mechanism cabin door firmware is sleeved on the door shaft body through the strip-shaped hole, one end of the tensioning spring is sleeved on the door shaft body, and the other end of the tensioning spring is connected with the door shaft mechanism cabin door firmware; the extension direction of the tensioning spring is consistent with the length direction of the strip-shaped hole, and the extension direction of the tensioning spring is along the axial direction of the door body structure.
2. A space bi-directional pressure compartment door according to claim 1, wherein: the end part of the strip-shaped groove on the door frame structure is provided with a compression curved surface, and the compression curved surface is a curved surface structure formed by sinking the strip-shaped groove along the axial direction of the door frame structure; the end part of the sliding block is provided with a roller; when the door body structure is closed, the sliding block enters the sliding groove on the door frame structure and moves to the position where the compression curve is located, and the roller at the end part of the sliding block moves along the compression curve to drive the door body structure to axially translate.
3. A space bi-directional pressure compartment door according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: the device also comprises a guide mechanism; the guide device is used for guiding the door body structure when the door body structure is closed;
the guide mechanism position includes: a guide groove and a guide roller; the guide groove is fixed on the door frame structure, and the length of the guide groove is parallel to the axial direction of the door frame structure; the outer circumference of the door body structure is provided with a convex column body in sliding fit with the guide groove;
the guide groove is provided with a horn-shaped opening, and the outer side of the guide groove is provided with a sleeve perpendicular to the side surface; the guide roller is positioned in the sleeve and is in sliding fit with the sleeve; the end part of one end of the guide roller is provided with a pulley, and an opening is arranged on the guide groove at a position corresponding to the pulley; the other end of the guide roller is connected with the inner bottom surface of the sleeve through a sleeve spring; the spring is in a natural state, and the pulley protrudes out of the opening on the inner bottom surface of the guide groove.
4. A space bi-directional pressure compartment door according to claim 1, wherein: the cabin door locking valve is fixed on the door body structure, and a locking groove matched with the cabin door locking valve is formed in the main shaft;
when the locking core of the cabin door locking valve is positioned in the locking groove on the main shaft, the main shaft can be limited to rotate.
5. A space bi-directional pressure compartment door according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: when the transmission locking mechanism is in a locking state, the connecting rod is in radial superposition with the door body structure and is in a dead point position of the rotation of the connecting rod.
6. A space bi-directional pressure compartment door according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: the sealing structure is a double-layer sealing ring arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the door body structure.
7. A space bi-directional pressure compartment door according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: the transmission locking mechanism comprises: twelve connecting rods and sliding blocks corresponding to the twelve connecting rods one by one.
8. A space bi-directional pressure compartment door according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: handles are arranged on two sides of the door body structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210838631.5A CN115419349B (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210838631.5A CN115419349B (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door |
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| CN115419349B true CN115419349B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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| CN202210838631.5A Active CN115419349B (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door |
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| CN117262242B (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-01-30 | 哈尔滨工大卫星技术有限公司 | Planar unfolding three-dimensional cabin door device applied to primary and secondary stars and working method |
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| CN206487348U (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-09-12 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of planet gear type safe sealed door |
| CN108397065A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of hatch door forced locking device on the pneumatic shell of deep-sea |
| CN109779437A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-21 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | A kind of car door drive |
| CN213832016U (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-07-30 | 湖北东船重工有限公司 | Sealed cabin door for ship |
| CN114150947A (en) * | 2021-11-28 | 2022-03-08 | 上海打捞局芜湖潜水装备厂有限公司 | Rotary telescopic cabin door locking device |
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- 2022-07-18 CN CN202210838631.5A patent/CN115419349B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206487348U (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-09-12 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of planet gear type safe sealed door |
| CN108397065A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of hatch door forced locking device on the pneumatic shell of deep-sea |
| CN109779437A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-21 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | A kind of car door drive |
| CN213832016U (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-07-30 | 湖北东船重工有限公司 | Sealed cabin door for ship |
| CN114150947A (en) * | 2021-11-28 | 2022-03-08 | 上海打捞局芜湖潜水装备厂有限公司 | Rotary telescopic cabin door locking device |
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| CN115419349A (en) | 2022-12-02 |
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