CN115419349A - A space two-way pressure-bearing hatch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a spatial bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door, and relates to the technical field of manned aerospace cabin doors. The bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door comprises a door body structure, a door shaft mechanism, a driving mechanism, a transmission locking mechanism, a guide mechanism and a sealing mechanism, wherein the door body mechanism is hinged with a door frame fixed on the ship body of the airship through the door shaft mechanism, a plurality of transmission locking mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the door body structure, power is transmitted between the driving mechanism and the transmission locking mechanisms through a planetary gear train, driving force is provided in a central loading mode, the driving mechanism amplifies and transmits central loading force to the transmission locking mechanisms, a plurality of sliding blocks are driven to press the cabin door body into the door frame, and radial sealing and axial locking of the door body and the door frame are realized. The scheme adopts radial sealing, floating door shaft design, multi-point compression design and matching design of the door body and the door frame, and sealing functions under the condition that pressure difference exists on both sides are realized respectively.

Description

A space two-way pressure-bearing hatch

technical field

The invention relates to a cabin door of a manned spacecraft, in particular to a two-way pressure-bearing cabin door in space, and belongs to the technical field of mechanism design of a manned spacecraft.

Background technique

As an important part of the manned aircraft, the space hatch is the key structure to realize the sealing function of the airtight cabin, and it is also the passage for astronauts to enter and exit the airtight cabin. The research and design of manned spacecraft hatch is not only of great significance to the safety of astronauts in the cabin and space out activities, but also to the rendezvous and docking of manned spacecraft.

During the flight of a manned spacecraft, the load needs to withstand an extremely severe working environment, for example, it is subjected to severe shock and vibration. When the hatch is opened and closed, the pressure difference between the inside and outside has a great influence on the force of the hatch; in addition, due to the relatively heavy structure of the hatch, it is difficult to simply open it manually. Qian Haikun and others proposed a layout scheme of the cabin door locking actuator in the "Design of Spacecraft Electric and Manual Integrated Hatch Door Locking Mechanism" published in "Shanghai Aerospace" in 2015, the principle of which is to drive The intermediate gear drives the two sector gears to move, thereby driving the connecting rod and roller mechanism to lock and open the cabin door and realize the end face sealing. This device has the characteristics of simple structure and high reliability; but at the same time, this feature makes this device only Capable of one-way pressure-bearing sealing, but not capable of bi-directional pressure-bearing sealing.

There are two types of space hatches. The first type is the interface between the interior space of the aircraft and the external environment; the second type is the interface between two adjacent cabins. At present, most of the structural design of the space hatch is focused on the first type mentioned above. Since the external environment is a vacuum environment, the internal pressure sealing method (that is, one-way pressure-bearing seal) is adopted in the design of this kind of hatch, and it can only achieve one-way pressure sealing. As for the above second type, since any one of the two adjacent cabin sections may be in a vacuum environment or an atmospheric environment, the above-mentioned first type of cabin door structure is not suitable for use as two Interface between adjacent compartments.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a space two-way pressure-bearing cabin door, as the interface between two adjacent cabin sections of a manned aircraft, which can realize two-way pressure-bearing sealing, and can ensure that the two-way adjacent cabin sections are in the same position. Enabled under various circumstances.

The space two-way pressure-bearing cabin door includes: an annular door frame structure arranged on the cabin body;

A door body structure hinged on the door frame structure through a door shaft mechanism; the door body structure can rotate around the door shaft mechanism; and both sides of the door body structure are provided with balance valves;

A transmission locking mechanism for locking the door body structure; the transmission locking mechanism includes: more than two connecting rods and sliders corresponding to the connecting rods one by one; on the outer circumference of the door body structure And the inner circumference of the door frame structure is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with strip grooves corresponding to the sliders one by one; when the hatch is in the closed state, the strip grooves on the door structure and the strip grooves on the door frame structure The grooves are butted together to form a chute;

Set at the center of the door body structure, it is used to drive the driving mechanism for the movement of the transmission locking mechanism; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the driving mechanism, and the other end is hinged to the slider; driven by the driving mechanism, the The slider slides in the chute to realize the locking and unlocking of the door structure;

The radial sealing method is used to realize the sealing structure between the door body structure and the door frame structure.

As a preferred mode of the present invention: the drive mechanism includes: a main shaft sleeve and a planetary gear train;

The main shaft sleeve is installed at the center of the door body structure, and the main shaft sleeve is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction with hinge points corresponding to the connecting rods one by one, which are used for the hinge of the connecting rods;

The planetary gear train includes: a main shaft and three planetary gears distributed in an equilateral triangle around the main shaft; the planetary gear train and the switch handle are respectively arranged on both sides of the end face of the main shaft sleeve; the main shaft sleeve faces the side edge where the planetary gear train is located Its axial extension has annular internal teeth;

One end of the main shaft passes through the central hole of the main shaft sleeve and is fixedly connected to the switch handle, and the other end extends out of the door structure to connect with the operation interface outside the cabin and the pointer; the middle part of the main shaft is fixed to the main shaft gear, and the three planetary gears are respectively connected to The main shaft gear meshes; at the same time, the three planetary gears mesh with the internal teeth on the main shaft sleeve respectively.

As a preferred mode of the present invention: the door shaft mechanism includes: door shaft mechanism cabin door frame hardware, door shaft shaft body, tension spring and door shaft mechanism cabin door hardware;

The hatch door frame firmware of the door shaft mechanism is fixed on the door frame structure to support the shaft body of the door shaft; one end of the hatch door firmware of the door shaft mechanism is fixedly connected to the door body structure, and the other end is sleeved on the door shaft on the body; the door shaft shaft body is a rotating shaft for the door body structure to open and close relative to the door frame structure;

The hatch door firmware of the door shaft mechanism is set on the door shaft shaft body through a strip hole, one end of the tension spring is sleeved on the door shaft body, and the other end is connected with the hatch door firmware of the door shaft mechanism; The expansion and contraction direction of the spring is consistent with the length direction of the strip hole, both along the axial direction of the door body structure.

As a preferred mode of the present invention: the end of the bar-shaped groove on the door frame structure is provided with a pressing curved surface, and the pressing curved surface is a curved surface structure formed by sinking the bar-shaped groove along the axial direction of the door frame structure; There are rollers at the end of the slider; when the door structure is closed, the slider enters the chute on the door frame structure and moves to the position of the pressing curve, and the rollers at the end move along the pressing surface, Drive the door body structure to move axially.

As a preferred mode of the present invention: it also includes a guiding mechanism; used for guiding when the door structure is closed;

The guide mechanism position includes: a guide groove and a guide roller; the guide groove is fixed on the door frame structure, and the length of the guide groove is parallel to the axial direction of the door frame structure; the outer circumference of the door body structure has a sliding fit of the guide groove raised cylinder;

The guide groove has a trumpet-shaped opening, and the outer side of the guide groove has a sleeve perpendicular to the side; the guide roller is located in the sleeve and slidably fits with the sleeve; one end of the guide roller is provided with a pulley, There is an opening on the guide groove corresponding to the pulley; the other end of the guide roller is connected to the inner bottom surface of the sleeve through the sleeve spring; when the spring is in a natural state, the pulley protrudes from the inner bottom surface of the guide groove opening.

As a preferred mode of the present invention: a hatch lock valve is fixed on the door body structure, and a lock groove cooperating with the hatch lock valve is arranged on the main shaft;

When the locking core of the hatch locking valve is located in the locking groove on the main shaft, the rotation of the main shaft can be restricted.

As a preferred mode of the present invention: when the transmission locking mechanism is in the locked state, the connecting rod coincides with the radial direction of the door body structure, and is at the dead point of the connecting rod rotation.

As a preferred mode of the present invention: the sealing structure is a double-layer sealing ring arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the door body structure.

As a preferred mode of the present invention: the transmission locking mechanism includes: twelve connecting rods and sliders corresponding to the twelve connecting rods one by one.

Beneficial effect:

(1) The space hatch provided by the present invention realizes the two-way pressure-bearing sealing of the hatch by adopting multiple groups of connecting rod slider mechanisms connected in parallel to realize locking and radial sealing; The interface between two compartments, and the opening of the hatch can be realized under various environments in two adjacent compartments. Specifically: in the transmission locking mechanism, the connecting rod sliders evenly distributed in the circumferential direction can evenly transmit the loading force to the pressing points around the door body to realize the locking of the hatch. This structural layout improves the safety of the hatch. Pressure endurance.

(2) The power is transmitted between the driving mechanism and the transmission locking mechanism through the planetary gear train. The driving mechanism provides the driving force in the way of central loading, and amplifies the driving force of the central loading and transmits it to the transmission locking mechanism, which can achieve labor saving and precision. The effect of controlling the stroke enables the operator to realize the precise opening and locking of the cabin door with only a small force, which meets the requirements of the astronauts for the operation of the cabin door with a small operating force.

(3) The floating door shaft mechanism is adopted, and there is a certain movable gap between the door body structure and the door shaft body, so that the door body structure has an axial translational displacement relative to the door shaft body, and is matched with the transmission locking mechanism The compression curve set in the chute ensures that the hatch is locked and at the same time realizes uniform compression of the radial sealing ring.

(4) By setting the guide mechanism to ensure that the transmission locking mechanism can be accurately in the docking position after the hatch is closed, it can judge whether the door body structure has reached the sealing position through force feedback.

(5) When the transmission locking mechanism is locked, the radial direction of the connecting rod and the door structure coincides, and at this time it is at the dead point of the connecting rod rotation, and the connecting rod at the dead point can realize the self-locking effect.

(6) The double-layer sealing ring arranged on the outer cylinder of the door body structure makes the two sides of the hatch door unaffected when encountering the internal and external pressure difference, which can ensure that both sides have consistent good pressure bearing capacity.

(7) The present invention adopts the combination of the floating door shaft and the guide mechanism to realize the functions of flexible hatch door rotation, convenient opening and closing, and force feedback, thereby meeting the ergonomic requirements of the hatch door. The radial seal, floating door shaft, multi-point pressing and matching design of the door body and door frame can realize the sealing function under the condition of an atmospheric pressure difference on both sides of the hatch.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the front schematic view of the space two-way pressurized hatch of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the back side of the space two-way pressure-bearing hatch of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the exploding schematic diagram of driving mechanism among the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the transmission principle when the cabin door of the present invention is locked and opened, wherein (a) is the locked state, and (b) is the opened state;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the transmission locking mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the radial sectional view of the sealing ring adopted in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram and an exploded view of the door shaft mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram and an exploded view of the guiding mechanism in the present invention.

Among them: 1-driving mechanism, 2-pointer in the cabin, 3-door shaft mechanism, 4-door body structure, 5-balance valve in the cabin, 6-connecting rod, 7-main shaft sleeve, 8-guiding mechanism, 9-cabin Inner handle, 10-transmission locking mechanism, 11-door frame structure, 12-switch rotation handle, 13-outside operation interface and pointer, 14-outside handle, 15-outside balance valve, 16-double-layer sealing ring, 17-main shaft, 18-door lock valve, 19-planetary gear, 20-slider, 21-door shaft mechanism door frame firmware, 22-door shaft body, 23-tension spring, 24-door shaft mechanism cabin Door hardware, 25-tension spring set screw, 26-guide groove, 27-guide pulley, 28-guide roller, 29-guide spring.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

The description in this embodiment is used to explain the present invention, but not only to limit the present invention. To enable the public to have a better understanding of the present invention, the following description includes some specific details.

Example 1:

This embodiment provides a space two-way pressurized hatch as an interface between two adjacent compartments of a manned aircraft. A center-loaded multicellular connecting rod slider is used to realize the rotary switch operation of the hatch. The double-layer sealing ring realizes the two-way pressure-bearing sealing of the hatch.

Let the two compartments connected by the hatch door be compartment A and compartment B respectively. For the convenience of description, let the side of the hatch door facing compartment A be the interior of the compartment, and the side facing compartment B be the exterior of the compartment; that is The outside of the cabin in this example does not refer to the external environment.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the two-way pressurized cabin door in this space has a circular structure as a whole, including: a driving mechanism 1, a door shaft mechanism 3, a door body structure 4, a transmission locking mechanism 10 and a door frame structure 11.

The operating elements for realizing the operation (opening or closing) of the cabin door include: a cabin handle 9 , a switch rotation handle 12 , an outside operation interface and a pointer 13 , and an outside handle 14 .

The door frame structure 11 is an annular frame arranged on the cabin of the manned spacecraft, as the connection base between the door structure 4 and the manned spacecraft; the door frame structure 11 is provided with an end frame matching the door structure 4; One end of the body structure 4 is hinged on the door frame structure 11 through the door shaft mechanism 3, the door body structure 4 can rotate around the door shaft mechanism 3, and cooperate with the end frame to realize the opening and closing of the door body structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11; The cabin door is side-opening, whereby the left or right middle of the door structure 4 is hinged on the door frame structure 11 through the door shaft mechanism 3 . And in the cabin section A or cabin section B, the opening of the cabin door can be realized by opening the door body structure 4 inwardly or outwardly. For the convenience of operation, handles are provided on both ends of the door body structure 4, respectively Be the handle 9 and the handle 14 outside the cabin.

As shown in Figure 3, the driving mechanism 1 is used to drive the transmission locking mechanism 10; the driving mechanism 1 is installed on the end face of one side of the door structure 4, and in this example, the driving mechanism 1 is installed on the end face of the inner side of the door structure 4 compartment . The driving mechanism 1 includes: a main shaft sleeve 7 and a planetary gear train; wherein the planetary gear train includes: a main shaft 17 and three planetary gears 19 distributed in an equilateral triangle around the main shaft 17; the main shaft sleeve 7 is installed at the center of the door structure 4; The planetary gear train and the switch handle 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the end face of the main shaft sleeve 7; the main shaft sleeve 7 has an annular protrusion extending along its axial direction towards the side where the planetary gear train is located, and the inner peripheral surface of the annular protrusion is processed with internal teeth; One end of the main shaft 17 passes through the central hole of the main shaft sleeve 7 and fixes the switch rotation handle 12 as the operating end of the drive mechanism 1 inside the cabin; the other end stretches out the door structure 4 through the central hole of the door structure 4 (the main shaft 17 passes through the door body Structure 4, the sealing is realized by the dynamic seal) is connected with the external operation interface and the pointer 13 on the outside of the cabin; the main shaft gear is fixedly connected to the middle part of the main shaft 17, and the three planetary gears 19 are respectively meshed with the main shaft gear; The internal teeth on the main shaft sleeve 7 engage.

Thus, when the main shaft 17 is turned by the switch turning handle 12, the planetary gear system can transfer the central driving force provided by the switch turning handle 12 to the main shaft sleeve 7 through the planetary gear 19 meshing with the main shaft gear, and the large amount of motion of the switch turning handle 12 is transformed into It is a very small rotation of the main shaft sleeve 7; thus, the driving mechanism 1 controls the transmission locking mechanism 10 through the two-stage deceleration driving torque to achieve the effect of saving labor and precisely controlling the stroke.

In addition, in order to avoid the rotation of the main shaft 17 caused by disturbance, a hatch lock valve 18 is fixed on the door body structure 4, and the main shaft 17 is provided with a locking groove cooperating with the hatch lock valve 18; when the hatch is closed and In the locked state or the unlocked open state, the locking core of the hatch locking valve 18 is located in the locking groove on the main shaft 17 to limit the rotation of the main shaft 17 .

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the transmission locking mechanism 10 includes: twelve connecting rods 6 and sliders 20 corresponding to the twelve connecting rods 6; The inner circumference of each is provided with twelve bar-shaped grooves evenly spaced along the circumference. When the hatch is in the closed state, the bar-shaped grooves on the door body structure 4 and the bar-shaped grooves on the door frame structure 11 are butted together to form a The chute used to make the slider 20 slide. Twelve chutes and twelve link mechanisms are hinged one by one. The outer circumference of the main shaft sleeve 7 is evenly spaced along the circumferential direction with twelve hinge points; one end of the twelve connecting rods 6 is respectively hinged to the twelve hinge points on the main shaft sleeve 7, and the sliders 20 hinged at the other ends are respectively located at ten In the two chutes, it is slidably matched with the chute. Each chute on the door frame structure 11 is provided with a pressing point for cooperating with the slider 20 to realize the pressing between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 .

The movement of the connecting rod 6 in the transmission locking mechanism 10 is controlled by the main shaft sleeve 7, and the sliding block 20 is driven to move more smoothly through the connecting rod 6, thereby realizing the locking and unlocking of the cabin door. When the transmission locking mechanism 10 is locked, the radial direction of the connecting rod 6 and the door body structure 4 coincides, as shown in (a) in Figure 4; at this time, it is at the dead point of the connecting rod rotation, at the dead point The connecting rod can achieve self-locking effect. Moreover, the use of twelve slide slots in the transmission locking mechanism 10 can accurately limit the movement track of the slider 20 .

The amount of movement during the unlocking and locking movement of the transmission locking mechanism 10 is relatively small compared with other transmission mechanisms, and at the same time, the main shaft sleeve 7 is placed at the center of the door structure 4, which successfully avoids the occurrence of accidents between the twelve connecting rods 6. movement interference. Moreover, the size of the main shaft sleeve 7 is matched with the connecting rod 6 during design, and the connection circumference of the connecting rod 6 is enlarged through the main shaft sleeve 7, so that movement interference between the connecting rods 6 can be avoided, and good telescopic synchronization of the slider 20 can be achieved. .

In addition, in order to visually display the unlocked and locked state of the transmission locking mechanism 10 , an in-cabin pointer 2 is provided inside the cabin of the door structure 4 , and the status of the transmission locking mechanism 10 is indicated by the in-cabin pointer 2 . The outside of the cabin indicates the state of the transmission locking mechanism 10 through the operation interface outside the cabin and the pointer in the pointer 13 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , a double-layer sealing ring 16 is provided between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 for sealing between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 . Specifically: the double-layer sealing ring 16 is located on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical structure of the door body structure 4, that is, the radial seal is adopted between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11, and the sealing effect is only comparable to that of the double-layer sealing ring 16. It is related to its own elastic properties, so it can achieve a good effect of consistent bidirectional pressure bearing capacity.

In addition, the inside of the door structure 4 and the outside of the cabin are respectively provided with an in-cabin balance valve 5 and an outside balance valve 15 for maintaining airtightness when the door structure 4 is closed. Before the door structure 4 is opened, an air flow channel is formed to balance The air pressure on both sides of the hatch is convenient for the hatch to open.

The two-way pressurized cabin door of this space can realize the two repeatable functions of unlocking, opening and closing and locking of the cabin door, specifically:

(1) Close the locking function: when the hatch is open, if you need to close the hatch, first use the handle 9 or the handle 14 outside the cabin to close the door structure 4; the operator rotates the handle 12 to drive the main shaft 17 to operate. The rotation movement amplifies the driving force through the planetary gear 19 and transmits it to the twelve connecting rods 6 connected to the main shaft sleeve 7, and drives the slider 20 connected to it to slide outward synchronously in the chute, so that the slider 20 enters the In the chute on the door frame structure 11, until the top of the slider 20 touches the pressing point in the chute, that is, the slider 20 moves radially along the hatch to the locking position, and the transmission locking mechanism 10 is at the position shown in Fig. 4 The state shown in (a) in.

(2) Unlocking and opening function: In the locked and sealed state, if the hatch door needs to be opened, when there is a large pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin, it is difficult to open the hatch door directly. Open the cabin balance valve 5 installed on the door body structure 4 to balance the pressure on both sides inside and outside the cabin door. When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin is small, there is no need to perform pressure balancing operations on both sides of the cabin door. Then, the operator reversely rotates the switch to turn the handle 12, and the twelve connecting rods 6 are driven to rotate through the main shaft 17, so that the twelve sliders 20 retreat in the chute, break away from the pressing point, until the sliding block on the door frame structure 11 Exit in the groove, retract into the chute on the door structure 4, and realize the unlocking of the door structure 4, and now the transmission locking mechanism 10 is in the state shown in (b) in Fig. 4 . Afterwards, the operator pulls the handle 9 in the cabin to make the door body structure 4 rotate around the door shaft mechanism 3 to realize the opening of the cabin door.

The cabin door has a reasonable structure, simple operation of unlocking, opening, closing and locking, requires little operating force, high reliability, strong pressure bearing capacity, and can be opened under various environments. At the same time, due to the high-rigidity locking design of the hatch combined with the radial double redundant seal compression design, it can bear pressure in both directions.

Example 2:

On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, a preferred embodiment of the door shaft mechanism 3 is given.

The door shaft mechanism 3 is a floating door shaft mechanism, which is used to realize the connection between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 and the rotation and translation of the door body structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11 .

As shown in FIG. 7 , the door shaft mechanism 3 includes: a door shaft mechanism hatch frame member 21 , a door shaft shaft body 22 , a tension spring 23 , a door shaft mechanism hatch door firmware 24 and a tension spring fixing screw 25 .

The door shaft mechanism cabin door frame firmware 21 is fixed on the door frame structure 11 as the mounting seat of the door shaft mechanism 3; the door shaft mechanism cabin door frame firmware 21 is provided with lugs for installing the door shaft shaft body 22; One end of 24 is fixedly connected with the door body structure 4, and the other end is sleeved on the door shaft body 22; the door shaft body 22 is the rotating shaft when the door body structure 4 is opened and closed relative to the door frame structure 11, that is, the door shaft mechanism hatch The fastener 24 can rotate around the axis of the door shaft body 22 . In view of the fact that the cabin door is opened sideways in this example, the axial direction of the door shaft shaft body 22 is along the vertical direction.

Door shaft mechanism cabin door firmware 24 is sleeved on the door shaft shaft body 22 through a rectangular hole (or a waist-shaped hole), and one end of the tension spring 23 is sleeved on the door shaft shaft body 22, and the other end is fixed on the door shaft shaft body 22 by the tension spring fixing screw 25 and Door axle mechanism cabin door fastener 24 links to each other; By setting the rectangular hole, there is a tolerance along the axial direction of the door body structure 4 between the door shaft mechanism cabin door firmware 24 and the door shaft shaft body 22, so that there is a certain amount of movement between the door body structure 4 and the door shaft shaft body 22 The clearance makes the door body structure 4 have axial floating (that is, the translation of the door body structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11) to ensure the smooth opening and closing of the hatch; The tension spring 23 provided between can tighten the door shaft mechanism hatch fastener 24 when the hatch is closed.

On the basis of the translation of the door structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11, a pressing curved surface is provided at the end of the bar-shaped groove on the door frame structure 11, that is, the end of the bar-shaped groove on the door frame structure 11 is along the axial direction of the door frame structure 11. The sunken curved surface structure forms a pressing curved surface, and this position is used as a pressing point, and the end of the slider 20 has rollers; when closing the hatch, the slider 20 enters the chute on the door frame structure 11 and moves to After pressing the position of the curve, the end rollers move along the pressing surface, driving the door body structure 4 to translate axially, so as to compress the double-layer sealing ring 16 evenly, and avoid unilateral wear caused by uneven force on the sealing ring; When the slider 20 moves, it drives the door body structure 4 to press the door frame structure 11 in the axial direction, so that the double-layer sealing ring 16 between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 is compressed, thereby realizing the locking and sealing function of the cabin door. .

In addition, a coil spring can also be provided on the door shaft body 22 , and by adjusting the pre-tightening force of the coil spring, the stop at any position during the opening process of the cabin door can be realized.

Example 3:

On the basis of the above embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, a guide mechanism 8 is further provided, and a preferred embodiment of the guide mechanism 8 is given.

The guide mechanism 8 is used for guiding when the door structure 4 is closed; as shown in Figure 8, the guide mechanism 8 is located between the door frame structure 11 and the door structure 4, including: guide groove 26 and guide roller 28; wherein the guide groove 26 is fixed On the door frame structure 11 (and located on the opposite side of the door shaft mechanism 3 on the door frame structure 11, that is, in the same radial direction as the door shaft mechanism 3), the slotting direction of the guide groove 26 is parallel to the axial direction of the door frame structure 11, and the guide groove It has a trumpet-shaped opening; the outer circumference of the door body structure 4 has a protruding cylinder that is slidingly fitted with a guide groove 26 .

The outside of guide groove 26 (opposite side of grooved surface) has the sleeve perpendicular to this side; Guide roller 28 is positioned at this sleeve, and this sleeve slide fits; Guide roller 28 one ends are provided with pulley 27, guide An opening is provided in the groove 26 corresponding to the position of the pulley 27; the other end of the guide roller 28 is connected to the inner bottom surface of the sleeve through a guide spring 29. The guide spring 29 is in a natural state, and the pulley 27 protrudes from the opening on the inner bottom surface of the guide groove 26 .

When the cabin door was closed, the protruding cylinder on the door structure 4 first contacted with the guide groove 26 trumpet-shaped openings, correcting the position of the door structure 4; continue to close the door structure 4, and the protruding cylinder on the door structure 4 After moving to the position of the pulley 27 in the guide groove 26, squeeze the pulley 27; the pulley 27 drives the guide roller 28 to move backward and compress the guide spring 29 until the raised cylinder passes the pulley 27, and the guide spring 29 rebounds. At this time, the door body is judged Structure 4 has reached the sealing position.

There is an observation hole in the guide groove 26, and the compression of the guide spring 29 on the guide roller 28 can be observed, so as to judge the closing process of the door structure 4; and the rebound of the guide spring 29 can give the operator force feedback, and the operator can use the force Feedback and the position change of the guide roller 28 determine the closing progress of the door body structure 4 .

After having the guide mechanism 8, when closing the cabin door, utilize the handle 9 or the handle 14 outside the cabin to close the door structure 4 until the door structure 4 is smoothly introduced into the guide groove 26 of the guide mechanism 8, from the guide groove 26 openings Observe the compression of the guide spring 29, when the guide spring 29 undergoes a compression and rebound process, it is judged that the door body structure 4 has reached the sealing position.

Moreover, due to the constraints of the guide mechanism 8 and the floating door shaft mechanism 3, the door body structure 4 will only float axially, and will not affect the sealing effect of the double-layer sealing ring 16 located on the side of the hatch.

To sum up, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A spatial bi-directional pressure-bearing cabin door, characterized by comprising:

an annular door frame structure arranged on the cabin body;

the door body structure is hinged on the door frame structure through a door shaft mechanism; the door body structure can rotate around the door shaft mechanism; and the two sides of the door body structure are both provided with balance valves;

the transmission locking mechanism is used for locking the door body structure; the transmission locking mechanism comprises: the device comprises more than two connecting rods and sliding blocks which correspond to the connecting rods one by one; strip-shaped grooves which correspond to the sliding blocks one by one are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the door body structure and the inner circumference of the door frame structure at intervals along the circumferential direction; when the cabin door is in a closed state, the strip-shaped grooves on the door body structure and the strip-shaped grooves on the door frame structure are in one-to-one butt joint to form sliding grooves;

the driving mechanism is arranged at the central position of the door body structure and used for driving the transmission locking mechanism to move; one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the driving mechanism, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block; under the driving of the driving mechanism, the sliding block slides in the sliding groove to lock and unlock the door body structure;

and a sealing structure for sealing between the door body structure and the door frame structure is realized by adopting a radial sealing mode.

2. The space bi-directional pressure bearing door of claim 1, wherein: the drive mechanism includes: a spindle cover and a planetary gear train;

the main shaft sleeve is arranged at the central position of the door body structure, and hinge points which are in one-to-one correspondence with the connecting rods are uniformly distributed on the main shaft sleeve at intervals along the circumferential direction and are used for hinging the connecting rods;

the planetary gear train includes: the planetary gear set comprises a main shaft and three planetary gears distributed around the main shaft in a regular triangle state; the planetary gear train and the switch rotating handle are respectively arranged on two sides of the end surface of the main shaft sleeve; the main shaft sleeve faces the side where the planetary gear train is located and extends along the axial direction of the main shaft sleeve to form annular internal teeth;

one end of the main shaft penetrates through a center hole of the main shaft sleeve and then is fixedly connected with the switch rotating handle, and the other end of the main shaft extends out of the door body structure and is connected with the extravehicular operation interface and the pointer; the middle part of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a main shaft gear, and the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the main shaft gear; and simultaneously, the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the internal teeth on the main shaft sleeve.

3. The spatial bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to claim 1, characterized in that: the door shaft mechanism includes: the door frame fixing part of the door shaft mechanism cabin, the door shaft body, the tensioning spring and the door fixing part of the door shaft mechanism cabin door;

the door frame fixing part of the door shaft mechanism is fixed on the door frame structure and is used for supporting the door shaft body; one end of a cabin door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism is fixedly connected with the door body structure, and the other end of the cabin door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism is sleeved on the door shaft body; the door shaft body is a rotating shaft for opening and closing the door body structure relative to the door frame structure;

the door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism is sleeved on the door shaft body through a strip-shaped hole, one end of the tensioning spring is sleeved on the door shaft body, and the other end of the tensioning spring is connected with the door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism; the stretching direction of the tensioning spring is consistent with the length direction of the strip-shaped hole and is along the axial direction of the door body structure.

4. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to claim 3, characterized in that: the end part of the strip-shaped groove on the door frame structure is provided with a pressing curved surface, and the pressing curved surface is a curved surface structure formed by sinking the strip-shaped groove along the axial direction of the door frame structure; the end part of the sliding block is provided with a roller; when the door body structure is closed, the sliding block enters the sliding groove on the door frame structure and moves to the position of the compression curve, and the end roller moves along the compression curve to drive the door body structure to axially translate.

5. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: the device also comprises a guide mechanism; the guiding device is used for guiding the door body structure when the door body structure is closed;

the guiding mechanism position includes: a guide groove and a guide roller; the guide groove is fixed on the door frame structure, and the length of the guide groove is parallel to the axial direction of the door frame structure; the outer circumference of the door body structure is provided with a convex column body with a guide groove in sliding fit;

the guide groove is provided with a horn-shaped opening, and a sleeve perpendicular to the side surface is arranged on the outer side of the guide groove; the guide roller is positioned in the sleeve and is in sliding fit with the sleeve; a pulley is arranged at one end of the guide roller, and an opening is formed in the position, corresponding to the pulley, of the guide groove; the other end of the guide roller is connected with the inner bottom surface of the sleeve through a sleeve spring; the spring is in a natural state, and the pulley protrudes out of the opening on the inner bottom surface of the guide groove.

6. The space bi-directional pressure-bearing door of claim 2, characterized in that: a cabin door locking valve is fixed on the door body structure, and a locking groove matched with the cabin door locking valve is formed in the main shaft;

when the locking core of the cabin door locking valve is positioned in the locking groove on the main shaft, the main shaft can be limited to rotate.

7. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: when the transmission locking mechanism is in a locking state, the connecting rod is radially overlapped with the door body structure and is positioned at a dead point position of the rotation of the connecting rod.

8. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: the sealing structure is a double-layer sealing ring arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the door body structure.

9. A spatial bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: the transmission locking mechanism comprises: twelve connecting rods and sliders corresponding to the twelve connecting rods one to one.

10. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: handles are arranged on two sides of the door body structure.

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