CN115419349A - Spatial bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door - Google Patents
Spatial bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door Download PDFInfo
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- CN115419349A CN115419349A CN202210838631.5A CN202210838631A CN115419349A CN 115419349 A CN115419349 A CN 115419349A CN 202210838631 A CN202210838631 A CN 202210838631A CN 115419349 A CN115419349 A CN 115419349A
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- main shaft
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/32—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
- E06B3/34—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement
- E06B3/36—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement with a single vertical axis of rotation at one side of the opening, or swinging through the opening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C9/00—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing
- E05C9/06—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with three or more sliding bars
- E05C9/063—Arrangements of simultaneously actuated bolts or other securing devices at well-separated positions on the same wing with three or more sliding bars extending along three or more sides of the wing or frame
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D3/00—Hinges with pins
- E05D3/02—Hinges with pins with one pin
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/16—Sealing arrangements on wings or parts co-operating with the wings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a spatial bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door, and relates to the technical field of manned aerospace cabin doors. The bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door comprises a door body structure, a door shaft mechanism, a driving mechanism, a transmission locking mechanism, a guide mechanism and a sealing mechanism, wherein the door body mechanism is hinged with a door frame fixed on the ship body of the airship through the door shaft mechanism, a plurality of transmission locking mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the door body structure, power is transmitted between the driving mechanism and the transmission locking mechanisms through a planetary gear train, driving force is provided in a central loading mode, the driving mechanism amplifies and transmits central loading force to the transmission locking mechanisms, a plurality of sliding blocks are driven to press the cabin door body into the door frame, and radial sealing and axial locking of the door body and the door frame are realized. The scheme adopts radial sealing, floating door shaft design, multi-point compression design and matching design of the door body and the door frame, and sealing functions under the condition that pressure difference exists on both sides are realized respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manned spacecraft cabin door, in particular to a spatial bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door, and belongs to the technical field of manned spacecraft mechanism design.
Background
The space cabin door is an important component of the manned aircraft, is a key structure for realizing the sealing function of the sealed cabin, and is also a passage for spacemen to enter and exit the sealed cabin. The research and design of the manned spacecraft door not only have important significance on the safety guarantee in the cabin of a spacecraft and the space out-of-cabin activity, but also have important significance on the rendezvous and docking of the manned spacecraft.
During flight, the manned spacecraft is subjected to extremely severe operating conditions, such as severe shock and vibration. When the cabin door is opened and closed, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside greatly influences the stress of the cabin door; in addition, the hatch door is heavy in structure, and is difficult to be opened simply by hand. According to the cabin door locking actuating mechanism layout scheme, a cabin door locking actuating mechanism is proposed in a cabin door locking mechanism design of a spacecraft, which is published in Shanghai space shuttle 03 of 2015, and the like, and the cabin door locking actuating mechanism is based on the principle that an intermediate gear is driven to drive two sector gears to move, so that a connecting rod roller mechanism is driven to realize locking and unlocking of the cabin door and realize end face sealing; but simultaneously, the characteristic ensures that the device can only carry out unidirectional pressure bearing sealing and does not have the capability of bidirectional pressure bearing sealing.
The space door is divided into two types, the first type is an interface between the inner space of the aircraft and the external environment; the second is the interface between two adjacent sections. At present, the structural design of the space cabin door is mostly concentrated on the first type, and because the external environment is a vacuum environment, the cabin door adopts an internal pressure sealing mode (namely one-way pressure-bearing sealing) during design and can only be opened inwards; in the second type, the first door structure is not suitable for use as an interface between two adjacent sections, since either a vacuum environment or an atmospheric environment may be present in any one of the two adjacent sections.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a spatial bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door, which is used as an interface between two adjacent cabin sections of a manned aircraft, can realize bidirectional pressure-bearing sealing, and can ensure that the two adjacent cabin sections are opened under various environments.
The space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door comprises: the annular door frame structure is arranged on the cabin body;
the door body structure is hinged on the door frame structure through a door shaft mechanism; the door body structure can rotate around the door shaft mechanism; and the two sides of the door body structure are both provided with balance valves;
the transmission locking mechanism is used for locking the door body structure; the transmission locking mechanism comprises: the sliding blocks correspond to the connecting rods one by one; strip-shaped grooves which correspond to the sliding blocks one by one are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the door body structure and the inner circumference of the door frame structure at intervals along the circumferential direction; when the cabin door is in a closed state, the strip-shaped grooves on the door body structure and the strip-shaped grooves on the door frame structure are in one-to-one butt joint to form sliding grooves;
the driving mechanism is arranged at the central position of the door body structure and is used for driving the transmission locking mechanism to move; one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the driving mechanism, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block; under the driving of the driving mechanism, the sliding block slides in the sliding groove to lock and unlock the door body structure;
and a sealing structure for sealing between the door body structure and the door frame structure is realized by adopting a radial sealing mode.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the drive mechanism includes: a spindle cover and a planetary gear train;
the main shaft sleeve is arranged at the central position of the door body structure, and hinge points which correspond to the connecting rods one to one are uniformly distributed on the main shaft sleeve at intervals along the circumferential direction and are used for hinging the connecting rods;
the planetary gear train includes: the planetary gear set comprises a main shaft and three planetary gears distributed around the main shaft in a regular triangle state; the planetary gear train and the switch rotating handle are respectively arranged on two sides of the end surface of the main shaft sleeve; the main shaft sleeve faces the side where the planetary gear train is located and extends along the axial direction of the main shaft sleeve to form annular internal teeth;
one end of the main shaft penetrates through a center hole of the main shaft sleeve and then is fixedly connected with the switch rotating handle, and the other end of the main shaft extends out of the door body structure and is connected with the extravehicular operation interface and the pointer; the middle part of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a main shaft gear, and the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the main shaft gear; and simultaneously, the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the internal teeth on the main shaft sleeve.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the door shaft mechanism includes: the door frame fixing part of the door shaft mechanism cabin, the door shaft body, the tensioning spring and the door fixing part of the door shaft mechanism cabin door;
the door frame fixing part of the door shaft mechanism is fixed on the door frame structure and used for supporting the door shaft body; one end of a cabin door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism is fixedly connected with the door body structure, and the other end of the cabin door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism is sleeved on a door shaft body; the door shaft body is a rotating shaft for opening and closing the door body structure relative to the door frame structure;
the door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism is sleeved on the door shaft body through a strip-shaped hole, one end of the tensioning spring is sleeved on the door shaft body, and the other end of the tensioning spring is connected with the door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism; the stretching direction of the tensioning spring is consistent with the length direction of the strip-shaped hole and is along the axial direction of the door body structure.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the end part of the strip-shaped groove on the door frame structure is provided with a pressing curved surface, and the pressing curved surface is a curved surface structure formed by the strip-shaped groove sinking along the axial direction of the door frame structure; the end part of the sliding block is provided with a roller; when the door body structure is closed, the sliding block enters the sliding groove on the door frame structure and moves to the position of the compression curve, and the roller at the end part moves along the compression curved surface to drive the door body structure to axially translate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the device also comprises a guide mechanism; the guiding device is used for guiding the door body structure when the door body structure is closed;
the guiding mechanism position includes: a guide groove and a guide roller; the guide groove is fixed on the door frame structure, and the length of the guide groove is parallel to the axial direction of the door frame structure; the outer circumference of the door body structure is provided with a convex column body with a guide groove in sliding fit;
the guide groove is provided with a horn-shaped opening, and a sleeve perpendicular to the side surface is arranged on the outer side of the guide groove; the guide roller is positioned in the sleeve and is in sliding fit with the sleeve; a pulley is arranged at one end of the guide roller, and an opening is formed in the position, corresponding to the pulley, of the guide groove; the other end of the guide roller is connected with the inner bottom surface of the sleeve through a sleeve spring; the spring is in a natural state, and the pulley protrudes out of the opening on the inner bottom surface of the guide groove.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a cabin door locking valve is fixed on the door body structure, and a locking groove matched with the cabin door locking valve is formed in the main shaft;
when the locking core of the cabin door locking valve is positioned in the locking groove on the main shaft, the main shaft can be limited to rotate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: when the transmission locking mechanism is in a locking state, the connecting rod is radially overlapped with the door body structure and is positioned at a dead point position of the rotation of the connecting rod.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the sealing structure is a double-layer sealing ring arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the door body structure.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the transmission locking mechanism comprises: twelve connecting rods and sliders corresponding to the twelve connecting rods one to one.
Has the advantages that:
(1) The space cabin door provided by the invention realizes bidirectional pressure-bearing sealing of the cabin door by adopting a mode of combining locking and radial sealing by connecting a plurality of groups of connecting rod sliding block mechanisms in parallel; the manned aircraft cabin opening device can be used as an interface between two adjacent cabin sections of the manned aircraft, and the cabin doors can be opened under various environments in the two adjacent cabin sections. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the connecting rod sliding blocks which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are adopted in the transmission locking mechanism, so that loading force can be uniformly transmitted to the compression points on the periphery of the door body, the locking of the cabin door is realized, and the structural layout improves the pressure bearing capacity of the cabin door.
(2) The power is transmitted between the driving mechanism and the transmission locking mechanism through the planetary gear train, the driving mechanism adopts a center loading mode to provide driving force, and the driving force loaded in the center is amplified and transmitted to the transmission locking mechanism, so that the effects of saving labor and accurately controlling the stroke can be achieved, an operator can accurately open and lock the cabin door by only needing small force, and the requirement of the operation of an astronaut on small operation force of the cabin door is met.
(3) The floating type door shaft mechanism is adopted, a certain movable clearance is formed between the door body structure and the door shaft body, the door body structure has axial translation displacement relative to the door shaft body, and the pressing curve arranged in the chute of the transmission locking mechanism is matched, so that the uniform pressing of the radial sealing ring is realized while the locking of the cabin door is ensured.
(4) Through setting up guiding mechanism and guaranteeing that transmission locking mechanism can be accurate in the butt joint position after the hatch door is closed, it can judge whether the door body structure reachs sealed position through force feedback.
(5) When the transmission locking mechanism is locked, the connecting rod is radially overlapped with the door body structure, the connecting rod is positioned at the dead point position of the rotation of the connecting rod at the moment, and the connecting rod positioned at the dead point position can realize the self-locking effect.
(6) The double-layer sealing ring arranged on the outer side column body of the door body structure enables the two sides of the cabin door not to be influenced when the double-layer sealing ring meets the internal and external pressure difference, and can ensure that the two sides have consistent good pressure bearing capacity.
(7) The invention adopts a mode of combining the floating door shaft and the guide mechanism, realizes the functions of flexible rotation, convenient opening and closing and force feedback of the cabin door, and further meets the ergonomic requirement of the cabin door. By adopting the radial sealing, the floating door shaft, the multi-point compression and the matching design of the door body and the door frame, the sealing function under the condition that both sides of the cabin door have one atmospheric pressure difference can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a spatial bi-directional pressure bearing door of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view of the spatial bi-directional pressure-bearing door of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the drive mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the transmission principle of the locking and unlocking state of the hatch door of the present invention, wherein (a) is the locking state and (b) is the unlocking state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the drive lock mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a radial cross-sectional view of a seal ring employed in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view and an exploded view of the door spindle mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view and an exploded view of a guide mechanism in the present invention.
Wherein: 1-driving mechanism, 2-cabin pointer, 3-door shaft mechanism, 4-door body structure, 5-cabin balance valve, 6-connecting rod, 7-main shaft sleeve, 8-guiding mechanism, 9-cabin handle, 10-transmission locking mechanism, 11-door frame structure, 12-switch rotating handle, 13-cabin external operation interface and pointer, 14-cabin external handle, 15-cabin external balance valve, 16-double-layer sealing ring, 17-main shaft, 18-door locking valve, 19-planetary gear, 20-sliding block, 21-door shaft mechanism door frame fixing piece, 22-door shaft body, 23-tensioning spring, 24-door shaft mechanism door fixing piece, 25-tensioning spring fixing screw, 26-guiding groove, 27-guiding pulley, 28-guiding roller and 29-guiding spring.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is described for explaining the present invention, but is not limited to only the present invention. The following description is given in some specific detail in order to provide a better understanding of the invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door serving as an interface between two adjacent cabin sections of a manned aircraft, the rotary switch operation of the cabin door is realized by adopting a multi-cell connecting rod sliding block loaded in the center, and meanwhile, the bidirectional pressure-bearing sealing of the cabin door is realized by combining a radial double-layer sealing ring.
The two cabin sections connected through the cabin door are respectively a cabin section A and a cabin section B, and for convenience of description, one side of the cabin door facing the cabin section A is an inside of the cabin, and the other side of the cabin door facing the cabin section B is an outside of the cabin; i.e. the extravehicular in this example does not refer to the outside environment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the spatial bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door is of a circular structure as a whole, and comprises: the door locking mechanism comprises a driving mechanism 1, a door shaft mechanism 3, a door body structure 4, a transmission locking mechanism 10 and a door frame structure 11.
The operating element for effecting operation (opening or closing) of the door comprises: an inside handle 9, a switch rotating handle 12, an outside operation interface and pointer 13 and an outside handle 14.
The door frame structure 11 is an annular frame arranged on the cabin body of the manned spacecraft and is used as a connecting base of the door body structure 4 and the manned spacecraft; the door frame structure 11 is provided with an end frame matched with the door body structure 4; one end of the door body structure 4 is hinged on the door frame structure 11 through the door shaft mechanism 3, the door body structure 4 can rotate around the door shaft mechanism 3 and is matched with the end frame to realize the opening and closing of the door body structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11; in this example, the door is open on the side, whereby the middle position of the left or right side of the door body structure 4 is hinged to the door frame structure 11 via the door shaft mechanism 3. In the cabin section a or the cabin section B, the opening of the cabin door can be realized by opening the door body structure 4 inwards or outwards, and for convenience of operation, handles, namely an cabin inner handle 9 and an cabin outer handle 14, are arranged on two end faces of the door body structure 4.
As shown in fig. 3, the driving mechanism 1 is used for driving the transmission locking mechanism 10; the drive mechanism 1 is mounted on one side end face of the door structure 4, in this example, the drive mechanism 1 is mounted on the end face of the inner side of the cabin of the door structure 4. The drive mechanism 1 includes: a spindle cover 7 and a planetary gear train; wherein the planetary gear train includes: a main shaft 17 and three planetary gears 19 distributed in a regular triangular state around the main shaft 17; the main shaft sleeve 7 is arranged at the central position of the door body structure 4; the planetary gear train and the switch rotating handle 12 are respectively arranged on two sides of the end surface of the main shaft sleeve 7; the main shaft sleeve 7 extends along the axial direction of the planetary gear train towards the side where the planetary gear train is located, and an annular bulge is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the annular bulge; one end of the main shaft 17 passes through a central hole of the main shaft sleeve 7 and then is fixedly switched to rotate the handle 12, and the handle is used as an operation end of the cabin inner side driving mechanism 1; the other end of the main shaft extends out of the door body structure 4 through a central hole of the door body structure 4 (the main shaft 17 penetrates through the door body structure 4 and is sealed by dynamic sealing) and is connected with an outside operation interface and a pointer 13 outside the cabin; a main shaft gear is fixedly connected to the middle of the main shaft 17, and three planetary gears 19 are respectively meshed with the main shaft gear; and three planetary gears 19 are respectively engaged with the internal teeth on the spindle sleeve 7.
Thus, when the spindle 17 is rotated by the switch rotating handle 12, the planetary gear train can transmit the central driving force provided by the switch rotating handle 12 to the spindle sleeve 7 through the planetary gear 19 meshed with the spindle gear, and the large amount of movement of the switch rotating handle 12 is converted into small rotation of the spindle sleeve 7; therefore, the driving mechanism 1 controls the transmission locking mechanism 10 through the two-stage deceleration driving torque to achieve the effects of saving labor and accurately controlling the stroke.
In addition, in order to avoid the rotation of the spindle 17 caused by disturbance, a hatch door locking valve 18 is fixed on the door body structure 4, and a locking groove matched with the hatch door locking valve 18 is formed in the spindle 17; when the hatch is in the closed and locked state or the unlocked and opened state, the locking core of the hatch locking valve 18 is positioned in the locking groove on the main shaft 17 to limit the rotation of the main shaft 17.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the transmission locking mechanism 10 includes: twelve connecting rods 6 and sliders 20 corresponding to the twelve connecting rods 6 one by one; twelve strip-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumference at intervals on the outer circumference of the door body structure 4 and the inner circumference of the door frame structure 11, and when the cabin door is in a closed state, the strip-shaped grooves on the door body structure 4 and the strip-shaped grooves on the door frame structure 11 are in one-to-one butt joint to form sliding grooves for enabling the sliding blocks 20 to slide. The twelve sliding grooves are hinged with the twelve link mechanisms in a one-to-one correspondence manner. Twelve hinge points are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the main shaft sleeve 7 at intervals along the circumferential direction; one end of each of twelve connecting rods 6 is hinged with twelve hinge points on the main shaft sleeve 7, and the sliding blocks 20 hinged with the other end are respectively positioned in twelve sliding grooves and are in sliding fit with the sliding grooves. A compression point is arranged in each sliding groove on the door frame structure 11 and is used for being matched with the sliding block 20 to realize compression between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11.
The movement of the connecting rod 6 in the transmission locking mechanism 10 is controlled by the main shaft sleeve 7, and the connecting rod 6 drives the sliding block 20 to move more stably and smoothly, so that the locking and unlocking of the cabin door are realized. When the transmission locking mechanism 10 is locked, the connecting rod 6 is overlapped with the radial direction of the door body structure 4, as shown in fig. 4 (a); at the moment, the connecting rod is positioned at the dead point position of the rotation of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod positioned at the dead point position can achieve the self-locking effect. And twelve sliding grooves are adopted in the transmission locking mechanism 10, so that the action track of the sliding block 20 can be accurately limited.
The amount of movement of the transmission locking mechanism 10 in the unlocking and locking movement process is smaller than that of other transmission mechanisms, and meanwhile, the spindle sleeve 7 is arranged at the center of the door body structure 4, so that the movement interference among twelve connecting rods 6 is successfully avoided. And the size of the main shaft sleeve 7 is matched with that of the connecting rod 6 during design, the connecting circumference of the connecting rod 6 is enlarged through the main shaft sleeve 7, the motion interference between the connecting rods 6 can be avoided, and the good expansion synchronism of the sliding block 20 is realized.
In addition, in order to visually display the unlocking and locking states of the transmission locking mechanism 10, an in-cabin pointer 2 is arranged on the inner side of the cabin of the door body structure 4, and the state of the transmission locking mechanism 10 is indicated through the in-cabin pointer 2. The outside of the cabin indicates the state of the drive-lock mechanism 10 via the outside operating interface and the pointer in the pointer 13.
As shown in fig. 6, a double-layer gasket 16 is provided between the door structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 for sealing between the door structure 4 and the door frame structure 11. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the double-layer sealing ring 16 is positioned on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical structure of the door body structure 4, namely, a radial sealing mode is adopted between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11, and the good effect of consistent bidirectional pressure bearing capacity can be realized because the sealing effect is only related to the elastic performance of the double-layer sealing ring 16.
In addition, the cabin inner side and the cabin outer side of the door body structure 4 are respectively provided with an cabin inner balance valve 5 and an cabin outer balance valve 15, which are used for keeping sealing when the door body structure 4 is closed, and an airflow channel is formed before the door body structure 4 is opened to balance the air pressure at two sides of the cabin door, so that the cabin door can be opened conveniently.
The space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door can realize two functions of repeatedly realizing unlocking, opening, closing and locking of the cabin door, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Closing the locking function: when the cabin door is in an open state, if the cabin door needs to be closed, the door body structure 4 is closed by using the cabin inner handle 9 or the cabin outer handle 14; an operator rotates a switch rotating handle 12 to drive a main shaft 17 to do rotating motion, driving force is amplified through a planetary gear 19 and transmitted to twelve connecting rods 6 connected with a main shaft sleeve 7, a sliding block 20 connected with the driving force is driven to synchronously slide outwards in a sliding groove, the sliding block 20 enters the sliding groove on a door frame structure 11 until the top end of the sliding block 20 contacts a pressing point in the sliding groove, namely, the sliding block 20 moves to a locking position along the radial direction of a cabin door, and at the moment, the transmission locking mechanism 10 is in a state shown in (a) in fig. 4.
(2) Unlocking and opening the function: under the locking and sealing state, if the cabin door needs to be opened, when a large pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the cabin, the cabin door is difficult to be directly opened, and at the moment, an operator in the cabin door needs to manually open the cabin internal balance valve 5 arranged on the door body structure 4 to balance the pressure on the inner side and the outer side of the cabin door. When the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cabin is small, the operation of pressure balance between the inside and the outside of the cabin door is not needed. Then, an operator rotates the switch rotating handle 12 in the reverse direction, drives the twelve connecting rods 6 to rotate through the main shaft 17, so that the twelve sliding blocks 20 retreat in the sliding grooves, are separated from the pressing points, and retreat from the sliding grooves on the door frame structure 11 to the sliding grooves on the door body structure 4, so as to unlock the door body structure 4, and at this time, the transmission locking mechanism 10 is in a state shown in (b) in fig. 4. Then, the operator pulls the handle 9 in the cabin to rotate the door body structure 4 around the door shaft mechanism 3, so that the cabin door can be opened.
The cabin door is reasonable in structure, simple in unlocking, opening, closing and locking operations, small in required operating force, high in reliability and strong in bearing capacity, and can be opened in various environments. Meanwhile, the high-rigidity locking design of the cabin door is combined with the radial dual-redundancy sealing compression design, so that bidirectional pressure bearing can be realized.
Example 2:
on the basis of the above embodiment 1, a preferred embodiment of the door spindle mechanism 3 is given.
The door spindle mechanism 3 is a floating type door spindle mechanism, and is used for realizing connection between the door body structure 4 and the door frame structure 11 and rotation and translation of the door body structure 4 relative to the door frame structure 11.
As shown in fig. 7, the door spindle mechanism 3 includes: door spindle mechanism door frame fastener 21, door spindle body 22, tension spring 23, door spindle mechanism door fastener 24, and tension spring set screw 25.
The door frame fixing part 21 of the door shaft mechanism is fixed on the door frame structure 11 and is used as a mounting seat of the door shaft mechanism 3; a support lug for mounting a door shaft body 22 is arranged on the door frame fixing part 21 of the door shaft mechanism; one end of a door fixing piece 24 of the door shaft mechanism is fixedly connected with the door body structure 4, and the other end of the door fixing piece is sleeved on the door shaft body 22; the door spindle body 22 is a rotation axis when the door body structure 4 is opened and closed relative to the door frame structure 11, that is, the door fastening member 24 of the door spindle mechanism can rotate around the axis of the door spindle body 22. Considering the side-opening type of the door in this example, the axial direction of the door spindle body 22 is along the vertical direction.
The door shaft mechanism door fixing piece 24 is sleeved on the door shaft body 22 through a rectangular hole (or a waist-shaped hole), one end of the tension spring 23 is sleeved on the door shaft body 22, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the door shaft mechanism door fixing piece 24 through a tension spring fixing screw 25; the stretching direction of the tension spring 23 is the same as the length direction of the rectangular hole, and the length direction of the rectangular hole is along the axial direction of the door body structure 4. The rectangular holes are arranged, so that the tolerance along the axial direction of the door body structure 4 is formed between the door fixing piece 24 of the door shaft mechanism and the door shaft body 22, a certain movable gap is formed between the door body structure 4 and the door shaft body 22, the door body structure 4 has axial floating (namely, the door body structure 4 moves in a translation mode relative to the door frame structure 11), and smooth opening and closing of the door are guaranteed; and a tension spring 23 arranged between the door spindle body 22 and the door fastening member 24 of the door spindle mechanism can tension the door fastening member 24 of the door spindle mechanism when the door is closed,
on the basis that the door body structure 4 translates relative to the doorframe structure 11, a compression curved surface is arranged at the end part of a strip-shaped groove on the doorframe structure 11, namely, the tail end of the strip-shaped groove on the doorframe structure 11 is a curved surface structure sinking along the axial direction of the doorframe structure 11 to form the compression curved surface, the position is taken as a compression point, and the end part of the sliding block 20 is provided with a roller; when the cabin door is closed, the sliding block 20 enters the sliding groove on the door frame structure 11 and moves to the position of the compression curve, and the roller at the end moves along the compression curve to drive the door body structure 4 to axially translate so as to uniformly compress the double-layer sealing ring 16 and avoid the unilateral abrasion caused by uneven stress of the sealing ring; therefore, when the sliding block 20 moves, the door body structure 4 is driven to press towards the doorframe structure 11 along the axial direction, so that the double-layer sealing ring 16 between the door body structure 4 and the doorframe structure 11 is compressed, and the locking and sealing functions of the cabin door are realized.
In addition, a coil spring can be arranged on the door shaft body 22, and the stop of any position in the opening process of the cabin door can be realized by adjusting the pretightening force of the coil spring.
Example 3:
in addition to the above embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, a guide mechanism 8 is further provided, and a preferred embodiment of the guide mechanism 8 is given.
The guide mechanism 8 is used for guiding the door body structure 4 when the door body structure is closed; as shown in fig. 8, the guiding mechanism 8 is located between the door frame structure 11 and the door body structure 4, and includes: a guide groove 26 and a guide roller 28; the guide groove 26 is fixed on the door frame structure 11 (and is located on the door frame structure 11 on the opposite side of the door spindle mechanism 3, that is, located in the same radial direction with the door spindle mechanism 3), the slotting direction of the guide groove 26 is parallel to the axial direction of the door frame structure 11, and the guide groove has a horn-shaped opening; the door structure 4 has a raised cylinder on the outer circumference with a sliding fit with a guide groove 26.
The outer side of the guide groove 26 (the opposite side of the grooved surface) has a sleeve perpendicular to the side; a guide roller 28 is located within the sleeve in sliding engagement therewith; a pulley 27 is arranged at one end of the guide roller 28, and an opening is formed in the guide groove 26 corresponding to the pulley 27; the other end of the guide roller 28 is connected to the inner bottom surface of the sleeve by a guide spring 29. The guide spring 29 is in a natural state, and the pulley 27 protrudes from the opening on the inner bottom surface of the guide groove 26.
When the cabin door is closed, the convex column body on the door body structure 4 is firstly contacted with the horn-shaped opening of the guide groove 26, and the position of the door body structure 4 is corrected; continuing to close the door body structure 4, moving the convex cylinder on the door body structure 4 in the guide groove 26 to the position of the pulley 27, and then extruding the pulley 27; the pulley 27 drives the guide roller 28 to move backward to compress the guide spring 29 until the convex cylinder passes over the pulley 27, and the guide spring 29 rebounds, at which time it is determined that the door structure 4 has reached the sealing position.
An observation hole is formed in the guide groove 26, so that the compression condition of the guide spring 29 on the guide roller 28 can be observed, and the closing process of the door body structure 4 can be judged; and the resilience of the guide spring 29 can give force feedback to an operator, and the operator can judge the closing process of the door body structure 4 through the force feedback and the position change of the guide roller 28.
After the guiding mechanism 8 is provided, when the cabin door is closed, the door body structure 4 is closed by using the cabin inner handle 9 or the cabin outer handle 14 until the door body structure 4 is smoothly guided into the guiding groove 26 of the guiding mechanism 8, the compression condition of the guiding spring 29 is observed from the opening of the guiding groove 26, and when the guiding spring 29 generates a compression and rebound process, the door body structure 4 is judged to reach the sealing position.
And because the guide mechanism 8 and the floating type door shaft mechanism 3 are restrained, the door body structure 4 only can axially float, and the sealing effect of the double-layer sealing ring 16 positioned on the side surface of the cabin door cannot be influenced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A spatial bi-directional pressure-bearing cabin door, characterized by comprising:
an annular door frame structure arranged on the cabin body;
the door body structure is hinged on the door frame structure through a door shaft mechanism; the door body structure can rotate around the door shaft mechanism; and the two sides of the door body structure are both provided with balance valves;
the transmission locking mechanism is used for locking the door body structure; the transmission locking mechanism comprises: the device comprises more than two connecting rods and sliding blocks which correspond to the connecting rods one by one; strip-shaped grooves which correspond to the sliding blocks one by one are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the door body structure and the inner circumference of the door frame structure at intervals along the circumferential direction; when the cabin door is in a closed state, the strip-shaped grooves on the door body structure and the strip-shaped grooves on the door frame structure are in one-to-one butt joint to form sliding grooves;
the driving mechanism is arranged at the central position of the door body structure and used for driving the transmission locking mechanism to move; one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the driving mechanism, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block; under the driving of the driving mechanism, the sliding block slides in the sliding groove to lock and unlock the door body structure;
and a sealing structure for sealing between the door body structure and the door frame structure is realized by adopting a radial sealing mode.
2. The space bi-directional pressure bearing door of claim 1, wherein: the drive mechanism includes: a spindle cover and a planetary gear train;
the main shaft sleeve is arranged at the central position of the door body structure, and hinge points which are in one-to-one correspondence with the connecting rods are uniformly distributed on the main shaft sleeve at intervals along the circumferential direction and are used for hinging the connecting rods;
the planetary gear train includes: the planetary gear set comprises a main shaft and three planetary gears distributed around the main shaft in a regular triangle state; the planetary gear train and the switch rotating handle are respectively arranged on two sides of the end surface of the main shaft sleeve; the main shaft sleeve faces the side where the planetary gear train is located and extends along the axial direction of the main shaft sleeve to form annular internal teeth;
one end of the main shaft penetrates through a center hole of the main shaft sleeve and then is fixedly connected with the switch rotating handle, and the other end of the main shaft extends out of the door body structure and is connected with the extravehicular operation interface and the pointer; the middle part of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a main shaft gear, and the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the main shaft gear; and simultaneously, the three planetary gears are respectively meshed with the internal teeth on the main shaft sleeve.
3. The spatial bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to claim 1, characterized in that: the door shaft mechanism includes: the door frame fixing part of the door shaft mechanism cabin, the door shaft body, the tensioning spring and the door fixing part of the door shaft mechanism cabin door;
the door frame fixing part of the door shaft mechanism is fixed on the door frame structure and is used for supporting the door shaft body; one end of a cabin door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism is fixedly connected with the door body structure, and the other end of the cabin door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism is sleeved on the door shaft body; the door shaft body is a rotating shaft for opening and closing the door body structure relative to the door frame structure;
the door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism is sleeved on the door shaft body through a strip-shaped hole, one end of the tensioning spring is sleeved on the door shaft body, and the other end of the tensioning spring is connected with the door fixing piece of the door shaft mechanism; the stretching direction of the tensioning spring is consistent with the length direction of the strip-shaped hole and is along the axial direction of the door body structure.
4. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to claim 3, characterized in that: the end part of the strip-shaped groove on the door frame structure is provided with a pressing curved surface, and the pressing curved surface is a curved surface structure formed by sinking the strip-shaped groove along the axial direction of the door frame structure; the end part of the sliding block is provided with a roller; when the door body structure is closed, the sliding block enters the sliding groove on the door frame structure and moves to the position of the compression curve, and the end roller moves along the compression curve to drive the door body structure to axially translate.
5. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: the device also comprises a guide mechanism; the guiding device is used for guiding the door body structure when the door body structure is closed;
the guiding mechanism position includes: a guide groove and a guide roller; the guide groove is fixed on the door frame structure, and the length of the guide groove is parallel to the axial direction of the door frame structure; the outer circumference of the door body structure is provided with a convex column body with a guide groove in sliding fit;
the guide groove is provided with a horn-shaped opening, and a sleeve perpendicular to the side surface is arranged on the outer side of the guide groove; the guide roller is positioned in the sleeve and is in sliding fit with the sleeve; a pulley is arranged at one end of the guide roller, and an opening is formed in the position, corresponding to the pulley, of the guide groove; the other end of the guide roller is connected with the inner bottom surface of the sleeve through a sleeve spring; the spring is in a natural state, and the pulley protrudes out of the opening on the inner bottom surface of the guide groove.
6. The space bi-directional pressure-bearing door of claim 2, characterized in that: a cabin door locking valve is fixed on the door body structure, and a locking groove matched with the cabin door locking valve is formed in the main shaft;
when the locking core of the cabin door locking valve is positioned in the locking groove on the main shaft, the main shaft can be limited to rotate.
7. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: when the transmission locking mechanism is in a locking state, the connecting rod is radially overlapped with the door body structure and is positioned at a dead point position of the rotation of the connecting rod.
8. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: the sealing structure is a double-layer sealing ring arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the door body structure.
9. A spatial bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: the transmission locking mechanism comprises: twelve connecting rods and sliders corresponding to the twelve connecting rods one to one.
10. A space bi-directional pressure-bearing door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: handles are arranged on two sides of the door body structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210838631.5A CN115419349B (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210838631.5A CN115419349B (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door |
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| CN115419349B CN115419349B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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| CN202210838631.5A Active CN115419349B (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Space bidirectional pressure-bearing cabin door |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117262242A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2023-12-22 | 哈尔滨工大卫星技术有限公司 | Planar unfolding three-dimensional cabin door device applied to primary and secondary stars and working method |
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| CN109779437A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-21 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | A kind of car door drive |
| CN213832016U (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-07-30 | 湖北东船重工有限公司 | Sealed cabin door for ship |
| CN114150947A (en) * | 2021-11-28 | 2022-03-08 | 上海打捞局芜湖潜水装备厂有限公司 | Rotary telescopic cabin door locking device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN206487348U (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-09-12 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of planet gear type safe sealed door |
| CN108397065A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of hatch door forced locking device on the pneumatic shell of deep-sea |
| CN109779437A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-21 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | A kind of car door drive |
| CN213832016U (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-07-30 | 湖北东船重工有限公司 | Sealed cabin door for ship |
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| CN117262242A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2023-12-22 | 哈尔滨工大卫星技术有限公司 | Planar unfolding three-dimensional cabin door device applied to primary and secondary stars and working method |
| CN117262242B (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-01-30 | 哈尔滨工大卫星技术有限公司 | Planar unfolding three-dimensional cabin door device applied to primary and secondary stars and working method |
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| CN115419349B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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