CN115419186B - Self-resetting collision vibration double-tuning vibration reduction system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a self-resetting collision vibration double-tuning vibration reduction system, which relates to the technical field of civil engineering vibration control and comprises a bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate is arranged on a main body structure, two parallel friction guide rails are arranged on the surface of the bottom plate, two groups of mass block units are respectively arranged on the friction guide rails, supporting pieces are arranged on opposite sides of the two friction guide rails, each mass block unit comprises a mass block and a collision plate, the mass block units and the collision plate are respectively and slidably arranged on the two friction guide rails, the two mass blocks are arranged on different friction guide rails, the mass blocks are connected with the supporting pieces through shape memory alloy springs, the shape memory alloy springs are stretched under the action of external excitation, the collision plate and the mass block slide along the friction guide rails, and the collision plate and the mass block collide with each other to consume energy. According to the invention, through the combined action of the four vibration reduction mechanisms, the vibration reduction effect and toughness of the system are greatly enhanced, the phenomenon that the system cannot work normally due to single failure of the vibration reduction mechanism is avoided, and the system is restored to the initial position under the action of the shape memory alloy spring, so that the system is in an optimal working state.

Description

A self-resetting double-tuned shock absorbing system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering vibration control, in particular to a self-resetting bump vibration double-tuned vibration reduction system.

Background technique

Structural vibration problems are ubiquitous in all aspects of life, ranging from small structural vibrations caused by occupants talking and walking, to large structural vibrations caused by external stimuli such as earthquakes, winds, and explosions. Continuous structural vibrations will not only affect the occupants' psychological well-being. It will cause serious damage to the mental state, and will also have a great impact on the safety and durability of the structure. Therefore, a large number of scholars have begun to study the related vibration reduction mechanism of structural vibration control and the application of vibration reduction system, and the application of tuned vibration reduction system is one of the main research directions. At present, the application of tuned vibration reduction system has the following urgent problems: problem to be solved.

At present, the vibration reduction mechanism of the tuned vibration reduction system is relatively single. In a tuned vibration reduction system, there are usually one or two vibration reduction mechanisms, such as setting a single mass block for tuning vibration reduction, and setting a damping system for energy consumption and vibration reduction. The vibration reduction mechanism is relatively single. In some cases, one of the vibration reduction mechanisms may quit working due to some reasons and cannot play a preset role, which greatly reduces the function and effect of the vibration reduction system.

In addition, the tuned vibration damping system achieves the vibration damping effect of the main structure by adjusting the ratio of the stiffness of the connecting piece to the mass of the mass block so that the frequency of the tuned mass damper is similar to the first-order frequency of the main structure. Common springs are usually used for connecting parts connecting mass blocks and supporting parts in the system, but ordinary springs have less elongation and weaker restoring force when subjected to small external excitations such as wind vibration and frequent earthquakes; , rare earthquakes and other large external excitations, the elongation of ordinary springs is relatively large, and permanent deformation is prone to occur. Returning to the initial position, the vibration damping system is not in the best designed working condition, which affects the vibration damping effect of the vibration damping system in subsequent vibrations.

In view of the above reasons, the present invention proposes a self-resetting bump vibration double-tuned damping system to solve the above technical problems.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-resetting shock double-tuned vibration reduction system, which has a variety of vibration reduction and energy consumption mechanisms, and uses shape memory alloy springs, which can return to the original position, greatly enhancing vibration reduction System damping effect and system toughness.

The present invention provides a self-resettable vibration double-tuning vibration reduction system, comprising: a bottom plate, the bottom plate is installed on the main structure, two friction guide rails arranged in parallel are arranged on the surface of the bottom plate, two groups of different masses The block units are respectively slidably installed on the two friction guide rails, the opposite ends of the two friction guide rails are respectively provided with supports, the mass block unit includes a mass block and a collision plate fixedly connected to its side, the mass block and the collision plate are respectively slidably installed with the two friction guide rails, and the mass blocks in the two groups of mass block units are installed on different friction guide rails, each of the mass blocks and the opposite The support parts are respectively connected by shape memory alloy springs. Under external excitation, the shape memory alloy springs are stretched, and the collision plate can slide along the friction guide rail driven by the mass block, and is connected with the installation The mass blocks on the same friction guide rail collide.

Preferably, the stiffness of the two shape memory alloy springs is different.

Preferably, the friction guide rail is a T-shaped guide rail, and a friction material layer is provided on the surface of the friction guide rail.

Preferably, the bottoms of the mass block and the collision plate are both provided with T-shaped grooves that fit and install with the friction guide rail.

Preferably, the collision plate is connected vertically and integrally with the middle part of the side of the mass block.

Preferably, the adjacent side surfaces of the mass block and the collision plate on each of the friction guide rails are provided with a deformation buffering layer.

Preferably, the material of the buffer deformation layer is viscous material, elastic material or rigid material.

Preferably, a triangular support plate is provided on the opposite side of the buffer deformation layer, and the triangular support plate is vertically and fixedly connected to the side of the mass block and the surface of the collision plate.

Preferably, both the mass block and the surface of the supporting member are equipped with a spring fixing member, and the spring fixing member includes a mounting plate and two spring fixing rings arranged on the surface thereof, and the mounting plate is fixed on the mounting plate by bolts. The mass block or the surface of the supporting member, and the two ends of the shape memory alloy spring pass through the spring fixing ring respectively and are connected with the spring fixing member.

Preferably, the support member is L-shaped, and a triangular rib plate vertically and fixedly connected to it is arranged on the inside of the bend, the support member is fixedly connected to the bottom plate by bolts, and the spring fixing member is fixedly installed on the The dorsal middle of the support.

Compared with the prior art; the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention combines the shape memory alloy spring with the double-tuned shock absorbing system, utilizes the shape memory alloy spring to have good shape memory effect characteristics, and realizes the position limiting and self-resetting functions of the mass block unit in the tuned shock absorbing system , so that the mass block unit can return to the initial design position after experiencing external excitation, ensuring that the tuned vibration damping system can continue to resist various external excitations that may occur in the future such as aftershocks, wind vibrations, impacts, etc. in the best designed working state;

2. There are four damping mechanisms working together in the present invention:

1. Tuning vibration reduction. According to the actual engineering situation, the ratio of the stiffness of the two shape memory alloy springs to the mass of the corresponding two mass block units is adjusted so that the frequency of the double-tuned damping system is similar to the first-order frequency of the main structure. The tuned vibration damping system forms a resonance effect with the main structure, transfers the energy input into the main structure to the tuned vibration damping system, reduces the vibration response of the main structure and the energy consumed, and realizes the tuned vibration damping mechanism;

2. Collision energy consumption and vibration reduction. The side of the mass block and the collision plate facing the collision plate and the mass block of the other mass block unit is the collision surface. Under the action of external excitation, the two mass block units move, due to the mass of the two mass block units different, so that the displacements of the two mass units are different, the distance between the two mass units gradually decreases, the mass block and the collision plate of the mass block unit collide with the collision plate and the mass block of the other mass block unit respectively, and the collision surface It can buffer deformation and provide better energy absorption effect, so as to consume vibration energy and realize the collision energy consumption mechanism;

3. Self-resetting energy consumption and vibration reduction. In addition to the good shape memory effect, the shape memory alloy spring also has good damping performance. The former endows the shape memory alloy spring with the ability of self-resetting, and the latter endows it with the ability to dissipate energy, so that it can be extended and self-resetting. During the process, it can consume a certain amount of vibration energy to realize the self-resetting energy consumption mechanism;

Four. Friction energy consumption and vibration reduction. The surface of the friction guide rail is a rough friction surface. Under the action of external excitation, the mass block unit reciprocates on the friction guide rail, and the inward protrusion of the mass block and the lower end of the collision plate matches the inward concave part of the lower end of the friction guide rail. , can provide a stable interaction force between the mass block unit and the friction guide rail, thus, the mass block unit can stably consume vibration energy through friction during reciprocating motion, and realize a frictional energy dissipation mechanism.

The combined effect of the above four damping mechanisms greatly enhances the damping effect and system toughness of the damping system, avoiding a single damping mechanism and the failure of a single damping mechanism to cause the system to fail to work normally.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific implementation or description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings show some implementations of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of damping system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the vibration damping system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic structural view of the bottom plate of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of mass block unit in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of shape memory alloy spring in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a spring fixture in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a support in the present invention;

Explanation of reference signs:

1: bottom plate; 1-1: friction guide rail; 1-2: friction material layer; 2: mass block unit; 2-1: mass block; 2-2: collision plate; 2-3; triangular support plate; 2-4 : cushioning deformation layer; 3: shape memory alloy spring; 4: spring fixing part; 4-1: spring fixing ring; 5: supporting part; 5-1: triangular rib.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", etc. or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of said features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

The self-reset bumping vibration double-tuning damping system proposed by the present invention, as shown in Figure 1-4, includes a base plate 1, which can be installed on the main structure, and the surface of the base plate 1 is provided with two friction guide rails 1 arranged in parallel -1, two groups of mass block units 2 with different masses can be slidably installed on two friction guide rails 1-1 respectively, and support members 5 are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the two friction guide rails 1-1. The mass block unit 2 includes a mass block 2-1 and a collision plate 2-2 fixedly connected to the middle part of its side, the collision plate 2-2 is vertically arranged, and the mass block 2-1 and the collision plate 2-2 are connected with two friction guide rails respectively. 1-1 is slidingly installed, and the mass blocks 2-1 in the two sets of mass block units 2 are respectively installed on different friction guide rails 1-1, and the distance between each mass block 2-1 and the supporting member 5 opposite to it is passed through shape memory The alloy springs 3 are connected, and the rigidity of the two shape memory alloy springs 3 is different. Under external excitation, the collision plate 2-2 can slide along the friction guide rail 1-1 driven by the mass block 2-1, so that the shape memory alloy spring 3 is stretched, and the mass installed on the same friction guide rail 1-1 Block 2-1 collides and consumes energy.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the friction guide rails 1-1 are T-shaped guide rails, and the two friction guide rails 1-1 are arranged parallel to each other on the surface of the bottom plate 1, and are integrally connected with the bottom plate 1. The two sides are recessed compared with the upper half, so that the cross-section is T-shaped, and the friction material layer 1-2 is laid on the upper surface of the friction guide rail 1-1. There are reserved spaces at the opposite ends of the two friction guide rails 1 - 1 , where bolt holes are opened on the bottom plate 1 for fixing and installing the supporting member 5 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 , the collision plates 2-2 in the mass block units 2 of two groups of different masses are all vertically connected to the middle part of the side of the mass block 2-1, and the collision plate 2-2 is perpendicular to the friction guide rail 1 Extending in the direction of the surface of -1, the bottoms of the mass block 2-1 and the collision plate 2-2 are provided with T-shaped grooves that are compatible with the friction guide rail 1-1, and their shape and size are compatible with the friction guide rail 1-1. The fit of the two not only ensures the stability of the mass block unit 2 during the reciprocating motion, but also enhances the interaction between the friction guide rail 1-1 and the mass block unit 2, improves the effect of frictional energy consumption, and reduces the mass block unit 2 The T-shaped groove is aligned and inserted into the friction guide rail 1-1, and the assembly of the bottom plate 1 and the mass block unit 2 is completed. Adjacent side surfaces of the mass block 2-1 and the collision plate 2-2 on each friction guide rail 1-1 are collision surfaces, and the collision surfaces are covered with a buffer deformation layer 2-4. The material of the buffer deformation layer 2-4 is viscous material, elastic material or rigid material. The opposite side of the buffer deformation layer 2-4 is provided with a triangular support plate 2-3, and the triangular support plate 2-3 is vertically and fixedly connected to the side of the mass block 2-1 and the surface of the collision plate 2-2. The triangular support plate 2-3 not only enhances the connection strength between the mass block 2-1 and the collision plate 2-2, but also improves the stability of the collision plate 2-2 when it is subjected to a relatively large impact. Two bolt holes are reserved on the opposite side of the collision surface in the mass block 2-1 for installing the spring fixing part 4, and the reliable connection between the mass block unit 2 and the shape memory alloy spring 3 can be realized through the spring fixing part 4.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 , the shape memory alloy spring 3 has good shape memory effect and damping performance, so that the shape memory alloy spring 3 can realize the effect of consuming vibration energy while realizing the self-resetting function.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 6, the surface of the mass block 2-1 and the supporting member 5 is equipped with a spring fixing member 4, and the spring fixing member 4 includes a mounting plate and two spring fixing rings 4-1 arranged on its surface, The mounting plate adopts a rectangular steel plate, which is adapted and fixedly installed with the bolt holes opened on the surface of the mass block 2-1 or the support 5 through bolts. The diameter of the alloy spring 3 is similar, and the shape memory alloy spring 3 passes through the two spring fixing rings 4 - 1 to realize the reliable connection between the shape memory alloy spring 3 and the spring fixing member 4 . Two bolt holes are reserved on the outside of the spring fixing ring 4-1 on the spring fixing part 4, through which the spring fixing part 4 can be connected to the mass unit 2 or the supporting part 5 by bolts, thereby realizing Both ends of the shape memory alloy spring 3 are reliably connected to the mass block unit 2 and the supporting member 5 respectively.

As shown in Figure 7, the support member 5 is L-shaped, and two symmetrical bolt holes are reserved at the bottom steel plate and the vertical steel plate of the support member 5, and the bolt holes on the bottom steel plate are used for fixed connection with the bottom plate 1. The bolt holes at the vertical steel plate are used for fixedly installing the spring fixing part 4, and the spring fixing part 4 is fixed and installed on the back side middle part of the supporting part 5 by bolts. A triangular rib 5-1 vertically and fixedly connected to the inner side of the bending part of the support 5 is provided. The rigidity of the support 5 can be improved through the triangular rib 5-1, and the out-of-plane stability of the support 5 can also be improved.

The double-tuned vibration reduction system of the present invention tunes the first-order vibration of the main structure through two mass block units 2 with different masses, so that the vibration energy of the main structure is transmitted to the mass block unit 2 and dissipated through system damping. The difference in mass of 2 makes the displacement of the two different, so that the two mass block units can collide through the collision plate to consume energy, and combined with the self-resetting ability of the shape memory alloy spring 3, the mass block unit can be realized under various external excitations. Self-reset function, its specific working principle is as follows:

In the initial state, the shape memory alloy spring 3 is in a state of natural elongation, and the mass block unit 2 is still on the friction guide rail 1-1. After being externally excited, the mass block unit 2 first plays the role of tuning and damping, controlling the vibration of the main structure. First-order vibration, the mass block unit 2 moves along the friction guide rail 1-1, the shape memory alloy spring 3 elongates, and the displacement of the two mass block units 2 decreases due to different masses until the mass block on the mass block unit 2 2-1 and the collision plate 2-2 respectively collide with the collision plate 2-2 and the mass 2-1 on another mass unit 2, and at the moment of collision, the buffer deformation layer 2-4 on the mass unit 2 plays a buffering role , while consuming a certain amount of vibration energy, the two mass block units 2 rebound after collision, and the shape memory alloy spring 3 retracts, so that the mass block unit 2 moves back and forth along the friction guide rail 1-1, and the mass block unit 2 and the friction guide rail 1-1 The upper friction material layer 1-2 is in contact with each other and produces relative motion, which can consume a certain amount of vibration energy. The shape memory alloy spring 3 also expands and contracts with the mass block unit 2. The shape memory alloy spring 3 has shape memory effect and damping performance. While realizing the self-resetting function, it can also consume a certain amount of vibration energy by stretching back and forth. The four vibration reduction mechanisms work together to consume vibration energy. The motion range of the mass block unit 2 and the shape memory alloy spring 3 gradually decreases until the vibration energy is consumed. complete. The present invention realizes the vibration reduction effect through four vibration reduction mechanisms, greatly enhancing the vibration reduction effect and system toughness of the vibration reduction system, and the mass block unit 2 returns to the initial position under the action of the shape memory alloy spring 3, so that the system is always in The optimal working state of the design can continue to resist various external stimuli that may arise in the future.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (10)

1. A self-resetting shock vibration dual-tuning damping system, characterized in that it includes: a base plate (1), the base plate (1) is installed on the main structure, and the surface of the base plate (1) is provided with two The friction guide rails (1-1) arranged in parallel, two sets of mass block units (2) with different masses are respectively slidably installed on the two friction guide rails (1-1), and the two friction guide rails (1-1) The opposite ends are respectively provided with supports (5), and the mass block unit (2) includes a mass block (2-1) and a collision plate (2-2) fixedly connected to its side, and the mass block (2-1 ) and the collision plate (2-2) are installed slidingly with the two friction guide rails (1-1) respectively, and the mass blocks (2-1) in the mass block units (2) of the two groups are installed On the different friction guide rails (1-1), each of the mass blocks (2-1) and the supporting member (5) opposite to it are respectively connected by shape memory alloy springs (3), and the external Under excitation, the shape memory alloy spring (3) is stretched, and the collision plate (2-2) can slide along the friction guide rail (1-1) driven by the mass block (2-1), And collide with the mass block (2-1) installed on the same friction guide rail (1-1). 2. The self-resettable shock-vibration double-tuned damping system according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffness of the two shape memory alloy springs (3) is different. 3. The self-resettable shock vibration double-tuning damping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the friction guide rail (1-1) is a T-shaped guide rail, and the surface of the friction guide rail (1-1) is set There is a layer of friction material. 4. The self-resettable bump vibration double-tuned damping system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the bottoms of the mass block (2-1) and the collision plate (2-2) are provided with The friction guide rail (1-1) is fitted with a T-shaped slot for installation. 5. The self-resettable shock-vibration double-tuned damping system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the collision plate (2-2) and the middle part of the side of the mass block (2-1) are connected vertically and integrally . 6. The self-resettable bump vibration double-tuned damping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the mass block (2-1) and the mass block (2-1) located on each friction guide rail (1-1) Adjacent side surfaces of the collision plate (2-2) are provided with buffering deformation layers (2-4). 7. The self-resettable shock-vibration double-tuned damping system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the material of the buffer deformation layer (2-4) is a viscous material, an elastic material or a rigid material. 8. The self-resettable bump vibration double-tuned damping system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the opposite side of the buffer deformation layer (2-4) is provided with a triangular support plate (2-3), so The triangular support plate (2-3) is vertically fixedly connected to the side of the mass block (2-1) and the surface of the collision plate (2-2). 9. The self-resettable bump vibration double-tuned damping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, spring fixtures ( 4), the spring fixing member (4) includes a mounting plate and two spring fixing rings (4-1) arranged on its surface, and the mounting plate is fixed on the mass block (2-1) or On the surface of the supporting member (5), the two ends of the shape memory alloy spring (3) respectively pass through the spring fixing ring (4-1) and are connected with the spring fixing member (4). 10. The self-resetting shock vibration double-tuned damping system according to claim 9, characterized in that, the support (5) is L-shaped, and the inner side of the bending part is provided with a triangular rib vertically and fixedly connected with it plate (5-1), the support (5) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (1) by bolts, and the spring fixing member (4) is installed on the back side middle of the support (5) by bolts .

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