CN115418762A - Ratchet wheel type device for strengthening vibration of surface of wire spreading roller to increase wire spreading effect and application - Google Patents
Ratchet wheel type device for strengthening vibration of surface of wire spreading roller to increase wire spreading effect and application Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H13/00—Other common constructional features, details or accessories
- D01H13/04—Guides for slivers, rovings, or yarns; Smoothing dies
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/18—Separating or spreading
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ratchet wheel type device for strengthening vibration of the surface of a wire spreading roller to increase the wire spreading effect and application thereof, wherein a ratchet wheel type wire spreading device I, II with strong self-vibration, a flattening mechanism, a driving mechanism and the like are arranged on a pedestal frame of the device. The method is that hard elastic copper sheets are adopted in ratchet wheel type filament spreaders (I and II), so that a filament spreading roller is vibrated by the periodic strong vibration amplitude of the spring copper sheets, the collision frequency, amplitude and action frequency of multifilaments are increased, and the unfolding of the multifilaments and the regulation and control of the width of the spread filaments are finished efficiently and at low loss by combining the action of differential speed; and finally feeding the spread II-grade spread filaments at the rear side of a jaw of a front roller, overlapping the spread II-grade spread filaments with short fiber strands, and forming a covering wrap for the strands by a parallel silk screen under the twisting action to prepare the skin-core composite structure yarn of the spread multifilament and the strands. The device is not only suitable for the ultra-short natural fibers which are easy to fall scraps and fly, but also suitable for the care spinning of high-count, ultra-high-count, high-strength and wear-resistant smooth and soft composite structure yarns.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for enhancing the surface vibration of a yarn spreading roller by ratchet wheel type and the application thereof, a composite structure yarn obtained by the spinning device, a spinning method and the application of the composite yarn, belonging to the technical field of spinning of a short fiber/silk screen composite structure of covering/coating enhanced care type for short fiber strands by using multifilament vibration spread net in ring spinning.
Background
Along with diversification and diversification of wearing requirements of people, the textile industry is rapidly developed, the application and the method of a spinning device are updated day by day, meanwhile, along with the appearance of synthetic fibers, the consumption of textile material resources is more remarkable day by day, the concepts of 'green, development and environmental protection' and the like are deeply penetrated into the mind of wide textile enterprises, short and weak fibers such as natural fibers, noil, kapok, fibrilia and the like in the textile processing process are increased along with the consumption, and the fibers with the length and the strength being poorer than original fibers in the recycled textiles with sustainable development benefits cannot be reasonably utilized; the yarns which are formed by the short and weak natural fibers are almost difficult to spin independently, the strength of the yarns obtained by blending is low, the hairiness is large, and the natural fibers are discarded or sent to regenerated fiber enterprises, so that the short and weak natural fibers cannot be redistributed and utilized or unnecessary resource waste is caused. Because of its large volume, tedious and not necessarily effective spinning, ring spinning is the most common spinning mode, and technical upgrading and modification on a ring spinning machine is one of the modes for solving such problems.
At present, the existing spinning method for solving the problems is to additionally arrange a yarn spreading device on a ring spinning machine or locally reform the spinning machine. For example, in a domestic great east (TMT-FSM) team, a mechanical filament spreading device is additionally arranged to be a coaxial bundle net composite yarn with unequal number of split bundles, a spinning method and application (patent publication No. CN 102747486A) and a re-spreading and bundling composite filament spreader of two-axis system filament spreading split bundles, a method and application (patent publication No. CN 102704077A) are all that multifilament is split first and then spread by a filament spreading roller, and can play a role in reinforcing the composite yarn, but no vibration is generated on the surface of the filament spreading roller, and the mechanism cannot effectively control the vibration frequency and the differential speed of the filament spreading roller through specific ratchets, so that the width of the filament spreading cannot be effectively controlled. The mechanism is a simple mechanism with no specific mechanical mechanism, and particularly has controllable and adjustable functions and efficiency and can be directly used in production. Foreign Amest M.S (patent number: JP 53122829) proposes a method for spinning composite yarn by adopting an electrode fiber opening device behind a front roller, which has a good spreading effect, but the device is a device for separating fibers by an electrostatic field, is restrained by the polarity of fiber molecules, has high cost and great potential safety hazard, and is influenced by fiber conductivity and spinning flying; philip N Smith (patent number: US 3739566) adopts a mechanical filament spreading mode and consists of a plurality of mechanical rollers and a motor, the multifilaments are rubbed and extruded on the plurality of rollers, and finally the multifilaments are scattered through a diamond roller driven by the motor, but the method has the defects of more equipment, low flattening and spreading efficiency and weak independence of the mechanical rollers. Foreign silk spreading mechanisms can spread tows in a good width, but are not suitable for spinning systems, such as Hayward (patent number: US 2822582) which adopts seven mechanical rollers to separate tow fibers, and mechanisms with different roller structures and complex and wrong roller structures are not suitable for spreading silks in the spinning process. Joseph Lee Lifke (U.S. Pat. No. 5, 6049956) comprises a plurality of dispersion drums, and the fiber bundles are dispersed by changing the angles of discs at two ends of the dispersion drums.
The related methods have higher requirements on mechanical cooperativity, equipment safety and adjustability (uniformity) controllability (width W), do not combine vibration and differential speed of the yarn spreading roller to effectively regulate and control the yarn spreading width, and cannot aim at spinning fibers with poor spinnability or incapable of being spun normally and independently at all and spinning recycled fibers. The above invention differs from the present invention in the mechanisms and principles used.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the vibration of the surface of a yarn spreading roller to increase the yarn spreading efficiency, and solves the problem of the protective, soft and hairless composite structure spinning of composite yarn on a ring spinning machine on shorter or weaker natural fibers and recycled fibers by adopting a spinning mode of strengthening the vibration of the surface of the yarn spreading roller by adopting a ratchet wheel type.
Another object is to provide a basic use of the composite structure spinning using the device.
A ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the surface vibration of a wire spreading roller to increase the wire spreading effect is characterized in that: the spinning frame comprises a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism I (1) and a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism II (2) which form prime numbers and tooth numbers, a ratchet wheel type filament spreader I (3) and a ratchet wheel type filament spreader II (4) which are assembled into a whole in pairs, a flattening mechanism (5) for controlling feeding and flattening functions of multifilaments (6), a driving mechanism (8) for drawing and controlling the multifilaments (6) to move, and a base frame (9) fixed on a spinning frame rocking frame.
Preferably, the ratchet vibration mechanism is composed of a ratchet vibration mechanism I (1) and a ratchet vibration mechanism II (2); the ratchet wheel vibration mechanism I (1) is composed of a ratchet wheel I (11), an internal thread spring copper sheet I (12), a screw rod head I (13) for regulating and controlling the upper and lower positions of the internal thread spring copper sheet I (12), a screw rod I (14) coaxially and fixedly connected with the screw rod head I (13), and a fixing nut I (15) which enables the screw rod I (14) to move up and down and is fixedly arranged on an up-and-down movement control board (32); the ratchet wheel vibration mechanism II (2) is composed of a ratchet wheel II (21), an internal thread spring copper sheet II (22), a screw rod head I (13) for regulating and controlling the upper and lower positions of the internal thread spring copper sheet II (22), a screw rod II (14) coaxially and fixedly connected with the screw rod head II (13), and a fixing nut II (25) which enables the screw rod II (24) to move up and down and is fixedly arranged on an up-and-down movement control board (42); the internal thread spring sheet type copper sheet I (12) and the internal thread spring sheet type copper sheet II (22) are made of hard elastic copper sheets.
Preferably, the ratchet wheels I (11) and II (21) are characterized in that the ratchet wheels I (11) and II (21) with prime numbers and teeth are respectively fixed on the wire spreading rollers I and II (31 and 41) of the ratchet type wire spreaders I and II (3 and 4); the ratchet wheel is in a prime number tooth number range, the tooth number range of the ratchet wheel I (11) is 7-29, and the tooth number range of the ratchet wheel II (21) is 7-23; the two ratchet wheels I and II are preferably such that the number of teeth of the ratchet wheel I (11) is not less than the number of teeth of the ratchet wheel II (21), because the tension applied to the unwinding net I (62) is generally less than the tension applied to the unwinding net II (63).
Preferably, the ratchet vibration mechanisms I (1) and II (2) are characterized in that the frequency of the ratchet vibration mechanism I (1) can be controlled by a screw I (14) coaxially and fixedly connected with a screw rod head I (13) and a fixing nut I (15) on an up-and-down moving control plate (32) to rotate up or down, so that the inner thread spring leaf type copper sheet I (12) and prime ratchets on the ratchet I (11) are knocked to generate prime vibration, and the flattening wire (61) can be rapidly unfolded in a high-efficiency and low-damage combination manner; the ratchet wheel vibration mechanism II (2) can vibrate through collision of the internal thread spring sheet type copper sheet II (22) and prime ratchets on the ratchet wheel II (21) in the same way, so that the wire spreading net I (62) is separated and dispersed efficiently and with low damage; the prime number ratchets of the ratchets I (11) and II (21) lead to the increase of the collision frequency and the enhancement of the collision effect of the multifilaments (6), the amplitude is converted into a repetition cycle to be greatly improved, and the multifilaments (6) are separated and dispersed into true random uniformity due to the transverse displacement generated by the frequency change.
Preferably, the ratchet type filament spreading devices I (3) and II (4) are characterized by consisting of filament spreading rollers I (31) and II (41), an up-down moving control plate (32) and a front-back moving control plate (42); the silk spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) can regulate and control the surrounding angles alpha and beta of the multifilaments (6) and the silk spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) through a vertically movable control plate (32) and a front and back movable control plate (42) so as to control the silk spreading action time and effect and the silk spreading width of the multifilaments (6); the value range of the surrounding angle alpha is 70-150 degrees, and the value range of the beta is 50-100 degrees.
Preferably, the spreading roller I (31) and the spreading roller II (41) are characterized in that the surfaces of the spreading roller I (31) and the spreading roller II (41) are respectively provided with a dotted structure which is photoetching symmetrical at a certain angle and has herringbone stripe grooves; the speed difference of the silk spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) is regulated and controlled by the internal thread spring copper sheets I (12) and II (22), so that the multifilaments (6) and the silk spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) generate differential speed respectively, and the collision probability of the multifilaments (6) is strengthened; the multifilament (6) has a driving speed v of a driving roller (61) and a rotating speed v of a spreading roller I (31) 1 The rotating speed of the spreading roller II (41) is v 2 The differential constant k of the three components meets the requirement of the formula (1); the vibration function is shown in formula (2), the vibration speed and the relation between the acceleration and the displacement are shown in formulas (3) and (4) respectively, and the acceleration and the displacement are in direct proportion, wherein A is amplitude, the unit m and omega are angular frequency, namely the unit m/s of the vibration speed, and psi is initial phase; the rotating speed value range of the spreading roller I (31) and the spreading roller II (41) is 0 r/min-125 r/min.
Preferably, the flattening mechanism (5) is composed of an upper limiting flattening roller (51) arranged on the base frame (9) and a lower limiting flattening roller (52) used for improving the quick flattening effect and efficiency of the multifilament (6); the surface of the lower limiting flattening roller (52) is a herringbone punctiform groove with different angles and is in contact with the feeding multifilament (6) at an enclosing angle gamma; the range of the surrounding angle gamma is 30-70 degrees.
The ratchet wheel type device for enhancing the vibration of the surface of the yarn spreading roller to increase the yarn spreading effect is characterized in that the multifilament (6) is spread into a flattened yarn (61) by a flattening mechanism (5) through the multifilament (6); strengthening the surface vibration of a wire spreading roller by a prime number tooth number ratchet vibration mechanism I (1) and II (2) and a ratchet wire spreader I (3) and a ratchet wire spreader II (4) to respectively obtain a wire spreading net I (62) and a wire spreading net II (63); finally, a pressure spring (82) gives pressure to the driving roller (81) to drive the driving roller (81) to be meshed with the upper front leather roller (91), and the silk spreading net II (63) is pulled by a driving mechanism (8) and is controlled to be fed into a front roller jaw (92) from the rear side; the base frame (9) is used for fixing the silk spreading device on a cradle of a spinning machine in an integral stable and safe manner.
According to the scheme, the spreading width W and the unit linear density N of the spreading net II (63) with the maximum are obtained f Or the width w of the unit number n N Or w n Far exceeding the original multifilament (6) width level and controllable (uniformity) adjustable (width W), the maximum spread width W and unit linear density N exist f Or relational expressions (5) and (6) of the number n of units.
According to the scheme, the ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the vibration of the surface of the filament spreading roller and increasing the filament spreading effect is characterized in that the filament spreading mechanism is a combination of high efficiency and low damage, the multifilaments (6) are in normal collision, and the loosening vibration and the close vibration respectively account for half, so that the collision damage is immediately reduced by half, the non-monofilaments are in tangential collision on the surfaces of the filament spreading rollers I (31) and II (41), no cutting and scraping damage is caused, and the filament spreading width W is linearly increased; the mechanism is simple and easy to operate, and is a yarn spreading device with increased elastic amplitude, so that the spinning speed can be increased, and the high yield (no damage to yarn quality) can be realized.
According to the scheme, the invention also comprises the application of the ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the vibration of the surface of the yarn spreading roller to increase the yarn spreading effect, can be used for the protective, soft and hairiness-less composite structure spinning of short or weak natural fibers and recycled fibers, and is suitable for the high-count, ultrahigh-count, high-strength and wear-resistant composite structure spinning.
Benefits and advantages
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following benefits and advantages: (a) The wire spreading device is an integrated modularized device, can be used in a plug-and-play mode, is simple in mechanism, large in adjustment range, sufficient in adjustment space and easy to operate practically; (b) Through the vibration of the periodic strong vibration amplitude of the grooves and the smooth salient points of the shaft groove silk spreading roller, the collision frequency, amplitude and action times of the multifilaments are increased to obtain the strengthened control of the transverse spreading width, and the silk spreading effect is obvious; (c) The filament spreading mechanism is combined with high efficiency and low damage, the multifilament is in normal collision, the non-monofilament is in tangential collision on the surface of the filament spreading roller, no cutting and scraping damage is caused, and the filament spreading width W is linearly increased; (d) The fiber material used can be all known natural fibers, chemical fibers and recycled fibers thereof which are short or weak, and are of great ecological significance in redistributing the utilization of the fibers and reducing the waste of fiber resources. Meanwhile, the in-line processing of the high-branching, functional and high-grade composite yarn of the low-grade fibers, the waste fibers and the like and the upgrading utilization of the high-quality of the low-grade raw materials can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism I and a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism II;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a ratchet-type device for enhancing the vibration of the surface of the filament spreading roller to increase the filament spreading efficiency;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the yarn-forming mechanism of the composite-structured yarn.
In the figure:
1-a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism I, which comprises 11-a ratchet wheel I, 12-an internal thread spring copper sheet I, 13-a screw rod head I, 14-a screw rod I, 15-a fixed nut I;
2-a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism II, which comprises 21-a ratchet wheel II, 22-internal thread spring copper sheets II, 23-screw rod heads II, 24-a screw rod II, 25-a fixed nut II;
3-ratchet type filament spreader I, which comprises 31-filament spreading rollers I, 32-up and down moving control plate;
4-ratchet type filament spreader II, which comprises 41-filament spreading rollers II, 42-front and back movement control plate;
5-a flattening mechanism comprising 51-an upper limit flattening roller and 52-a lower limit flattening roller;
6-multifilament, according to the silk spreading process 61-flattening silk, 62-silk spreading net I, 63-silk spreading net II;
7-composite structure yarn, according to the structure 71-short fiber strand, 72-silk screen coating point;
8-drive mechanism comprising 81-drive roller and 82-pressure spring;
9-a base frame; 91-upper front leather roller, 92-front roller nip.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, reference should now be made to the following description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
A ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the surface vibration of a yarn spreading roller to increase the yarn spreading effect is shown in a schematic diagram of a device shown in figure 2, and comprises a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism I (1) and a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism II (2) which form prime numbers and tooth numbers, a ratchet wheel type yarn spreader I (3) and a ratchet wheel type yarn spreader II (4) which are assembled into a whole in pairs, a flattening mechanism (5) for controlling the feeding and flattening effects of multifilaments (6), a driving mechanism (8) for drawing and controlling the movement of the multifilaments (6), and a base frame (9) fixed on a cradle of a spinning machine.
The specific implementation scheme is as follows: the multifilament (6) is flattened into a flattened filament (61) through a flattening mechanism (5) for flattening and limiting; the method comprises the following steps of strengthening surface vibration of filament spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) by a ratchet vibration mechanism I (1) and II (2) with prime number of teeth and a ratchet filament spreader I (3) and a ratchet filament spreader II (4) to obtain a filament spreading net I (62) and a filament spreading net II (63), respectively, wherein the ratchet I (11) (7-29) and II (21) (7-23) with prime number of teeth fixed on the filament spreading rollers I and II (31 and 41) of the ratchet filament spreaders I and II (3 and 4) generate vibration with strong periodic vibration amplitude with a hard and elastic internal thread spring copper sheet I (12) to increase collision frequency and amplitude and action times of multifilaments (6), the collision frequency and amplitude of the multifilaments are different with the photoetching dotted structures on the surfaces of the filament spreading rollers I (31) and II (41), the collision frequency and amplitude of the multifilaments are different with the monofilaments are different with the dotted structures of photoetching on the surfaces of the filament spreading rollers I (31) and II (41), the multifilaments (6) and the multifilament spreading and the multifilaments (6) surrounded by angles alpha and beta of the multifilaments, and the differential action time, the multifilaments are controlled by step, and the difference of the spreading speed, and the spreading speed are controlled: the speed difference between the spread silk (61) and the silk spreading roller I (31), the speed difference between the silk spreading net I (62) and the silk spreading roller II (41) and the speed difference between the silk spreading roller I (31) and the silk spreading roller II (41) enable the multifilament (6) to be separated and dispersed step by step, and the spreading of the multifilament (6) and the regulation and control of the silk spreading width are completed efficiently at low loss; finally, a pressure spring (82) gives pressure to the driving roller (81) to enable the driving roller (81) to be meshed with an upper front leather roller (91), the silk spreading net II (63) is pulled by a driving mechanism (8) and is controlled to be fed into a front roller jaw (92) from the rear side, and under the twisting action, the silk spreading net II (63) forms parallel covering and wrapping on the short fiber strands (71) to manufacture the skin-core composite structure yarn of the silk spreading net II (63) and the short fiber strands (71).
According to the scheme, the ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the vibration of the surface of the filament spreading roller and increasing the filament spreading effect is characterized in that the filament spreading mechanism is a combination of high efficiency and low damage, the multifilaments (6) are in normal collision, and the loosening vibration and the close vibration respectively account for half, so that the collision damage is immediately reduced by half, the non-monofilaments are in tangential collision on the surfaces of the filament spreading rollers I (31) and II (41), no cutting and scraping damage is caused, and the filament spreading width W is linearly increased. The mechanism is simple and easy to operate, and the yarn spreading device with increased tightness and amplitude can improve the spinning speed and further improve the yield (the yarn quality is not damaged).
According to the scheme, the invention also comprises the application of the ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the vibration of the surface of the yarn spreading roller to increase the yarn spreading effect, can be used for the protective, soft and hairiness-less composite structure spinning of short or weak natural fibers and recycled fibers, and is suitable for the high-count, ultrahigh-count, high-strength and wear-resistant composite structure spinning.
The net-wrapped composite structure yarn is a two-layer composite structure yarn formed by wrapping short fiber strands on a core and wrapping the short fiber strands by a silk net, and is shown in figure 3;
the following embodiments 1 to 3 are specific examples of different fibers and their linear densities, i.e., different multifilaments, different wrap angles, different spreader bar rotation speeds, different fiber composite ratios, and different composite spinning process parameters, i.e., the multifilament tension, the spindle speed, the front roller rotation speed, the spinning twist, the composite angle. Spinning according to the composite structure spinning method of the invention and spinning into smooth composite structure yarn.
Determining the hairiness of the composite yarn by using a YG172A yarn hairiness test, wherein the hairiness index (F) of the obtained bright and clean composite structure yarn is the hairiness cumulative count (root/m) F = A + Be that the extension length on the inner single side surface of the yarn per unit length exceeds a certain set length -Cl L is the set extension length (mm) of the hairiness, A, B, C is the test constant; the breaking strength (P) indicates that the fiber resists damage by external force considering the difference in fiber thicknessAn indicator of capacity, in units (cN/tex); elongation at break ε = (L-L) 0 )/L 0 ＝ΔL/L 0 Wherein L is 0 The original length, L, and Δ L are the absolute elongation values, and the elongation at break represents the magnitude of the elongation at break of the material.
Specific example 1
The device for enhancing the surface vibration of the yarn spreading roller by the ratchet wheel type and increasing the yarn spreading effect spreads the multifilament into the silk screen, the composite spinning of the short fiber strands are coated by the yarn spreading net II, the speed is not changed in the spinning process parameters, the vibration of the ratchet wheel is adjusted, the damage is obviously reduced, the differential speed is changed, and the yarn spreading effect is better. Polyester multifilament is subjected to filament spreading by the technical scheme, a filament spreading net II is taken out of a front roller jaw and is wrapped and coated with a cotton fiber strand net to form a sheath-core composite structure spun yarn, and specific process parameters are shown in example 1 in the following table.
Specific example 2
The ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the vibration of the surface of the yarn spreading roller to increase the yarn spreading effect spreads the multifilament into the silk screen, the composite spinning of the short fiber strands is coated by the yarn spreading screen II, the speed is unchanged in the spinning process parameters, the ratchet wheel vibration is adjusted, the damage is obviously reduced, the differential speed is changed, and the yarn spreading effect is better. Polyester multifilament is subjected to filament spreading by the technical scheme, a filament spreading net II is taken out of a front roller jaw and is wrapped and coated with a cotton fiber strand net to form a sheath-core composite structure spun yarn, and specific process parameters are shown in example 2 in the following table.
Specific example 3
The ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the vibration of the surface of the yarn spreading roller to increase the yarn spreading effect spreads the multifilament into the silk screen, the composite spinning of the short fiber strands is coated by the yarn spreading screen II, the speed is unchanged in the spinning process parameters, the ratchet wheel vibration is adjusted, the damage is obviously reduced, the differential speed is changed, and the yarn spreading effect is better. And (3) spreading the polyester multifilament by the technical scheme, and forming a sheath-core composite structure spun yarn after the spread yarn net II is discharged from a front roller jaw and is wrapped and coated with a cotton fiber strand net, wherein the specific process parameters are shown in example 3 in the following table.
Composite structure spinning process parameter and quality index for enhancing surface vibration of yarn spreading roller by ratchet wheel type to increase yarn spreading effect
Claims (10)
1. A ratchet wheel type device for strengthening the surface vibration of a wire spreading roller to increase the wire spreading effect is characterized in that a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism I (1) and a ratchet wheel vibration mechanism II (2) with a prime number and tooth number are assembled with a ratchet wheel type wire spreading device I (3) and a ratchet wheel type wire spreading device II (4) in pairs into a whole respectively; a flattening mechanism (5) for controlling the feeding and flattening action of the multifilaments (6); a drive mechanism (8) for drawing and controlling the movement of the multifilament yarn (6); a base frame (9) fixed on the cradle of the spinning machine.
2. The ratchet vibration mechanism according to claim 1, which is composed of a ratchet vibration mechanism I (1) and a ratchet vibration mechanism II (2); the ratchet wheel vibration mechanism I (1) consists of a ratchet wheel I (11), an internal thread spring copper sheet I (12), a screw rod head I (13) for regulating and controlling the upper and lower positions of the internal thread spring copper sheet I (12), a screw rod I (14) coaxially and fixedly connected with the screw rod head I (13), and a fixing nut I (15) which enables the screw rod I (14) to move up and down and is fixedly arranged on an up-and-down movement control plate (32); the ratchet wheel vibration mechanism II (2) is composed of a ratchet wheel II (21), an internal thread spring copper sheet II (22), a screw rod head I (13) for regulating and controlling the upper and lower positions of the internal thread spring copper sheet II (22), a screw rod II (14) coaxially and fixedly connected with the screw rod head II (13), and a fixing nut II (25) which enables the screw rod II (24) to move up and down and is fixedly arranged on an up-and-down movement control board (42); the internal thread spring sheet type copper sheet I (12) and the internal thread spring sheet type copper sheet II (22) are made of hard elastic copper sheets.
3. The ratchet wheels I (11) and II (21) according to claim 2, wherein the ratchet wheels I (11) and II (21) are composed of prime-number teeth fixed to the filament spreading rollers I and II (31 and 41) of the ratchet type filament spreaders I and II (3 and 4), respectively; the ratchet wheel is in a prime number tooth number range, the tooth number range of the ratchet wheel I (11) is 7-29, and the tooth number range of the ratchet wheel II (21) is 7-23; the two ratchet wheels I and II preferably have the number of teeth of the ratchet wheel I (11) not less than the number of teeth of the ratchet wheel II (21).
4. The ratchet vibration mechanisms I (1) and II (2) according to claim 2, wherein the frequency of the ratchet vibration mechanism I (1) can be controlled by screwing or screwing down a screw I (14) coaxially and fixedly connected with a screw head I (13) and a fixing nut I (15) on an up-and-down moving control plate (32), so that the inner thread spring leaf type copper sheet I (12) and the prime ratchet on the ratchet I (11) are knocked to generate prime vibration, and the flattening wire (61) can be rapidly unfolded with high efficiency and low damage; the ratchet wheel vibration mechanism II (2) can vibrate through collision of the internal thread spring sheet type copper sheet II (22) and prime ratchets on the ratchet wheel II (21) in the same way, so that the wire spreading net I (62) is separated and dispersed efficiently and with low damage; the prime number ratchets of the ratchets I (11) and II (21) lead to the increase of the collision frequency and the enhancement of the collision effect of the multifilaments (6), the amplitude is converted into a repetition cycle to be greatly improved, and the multifilaments (6) are separated and dispersed into true random uniformity due to the transverse displacement generated by the frequency change.
5. The ratchet-type filament spreaders I (3) and II (4) as claimed in claim 1, which are composed of filament spreading rollers I (31) and II (41), an up-and-down moving control plate (32) and a back-and-forth moving control plate (42); the silk spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) can adjust and control the wrapping angles alpha and beta of the multifilaments (6) and the silk spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) through a vertically movable control plate (32) and a horizontally movable control plate (42) so as to control the silk spreading action time and effect and the silk spreading width of the multifilaments (6); the value range of the surrounding angle alpha is 70-150 degrees, and the value range of the beta is 50-100 degrees.
6. The spreading roller I (31) and the spreading roller II (41) according to claim 5, wherein the surfaces of the spreading roller I (31) and the spreading roller II (41) are respectively provided with fine dot-shaped structures which are photoetching symmetrically at certain angles and are provided with herringbone stripe grooves; the speed difference of the silk spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) is regulated and controlled by the internal thread spring copper sheets I (12) and II (22), so that the multifilament (6) and the silk spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) generate differential speed respectively, and the collision probability of the multifilament (6) is strengthened; the rotating speed value range of the spreading roller I (31) and the spreading roller II (41) is 0 r/min-125 r/min.
7. The flattening mechanism (5) according to claim 1, which is constituted by an upper-limit flattening roller (51) installed on a base frame (9) and a lower-limit flattening roller (52) for improving the effect and efficiency of rapid flattening of the multifilament yarn (6); the surface of the lower limiting flattening roller (52) is a herringbone punctiform groove with different angles and is in contact with the feeding multifilament (6) at an enclosing angle gamma; the range of the surrounding angle gamma is 30-70 degrees.
8. The apparatus for ratchet-type augmentation of spread filament roller surface vibration for spreading filament efficacy according to claim 1, wherein the multifilaments (6) are laid out into the spread filaments (61) by the spreading mechanism (5); strengthening the surface vibration of the wire spreading rollers I (31) and II (41) through a ratchet vibration mechanism I (1) and II (2) with prime numbers and tooth numbers, a ratchet wire spreader I (3) and a ratchet wire spreader II (4) to respectively obtain a wire spreading net I (62) and a wire spreading net II (63); finally, a pressure spring (82) gives pressure to the driving roller (81) to drive the driving roller (81) to be meshed with the upper front leather roller (91), and the silk spreading net II (63) is pulled by a driving mechanism (8) and is controlled to be fed into a front roller jaw (92) from the rear side; the base frame (9) fixes the filament spreading device on the cradle of the spinning machine stably and safely.
9. The ratchet wheel type device for enhancing vibration of the surface of the filament spreading roller to increase filament spreading efficiency according to claim 1, wherein the filament spreading mechanism is a combination of high efficiency and low damage, the multifilaments (6) are in normal collision, the loosening vibration and the close vibration are respectively half, the non-monofilaments are in tangential collision on the surfaces of the filament spreading rollers I (31) and II (41), no cutting and scraping damage is caused, and the filament spreading width W is increased linearly.
10. The ratchet wheel type device for enhancing the surface vibration of the yarn spreading roller to increase the yarn spreading efficiency can be used for the care type, soft and little-hairiness composite structure spinning of short or weak natural fibers and recycled fibers, and is suitable for the high-count, ultra-high-count, high-strength and wear-resistant composite structure spinning.
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| CN202211146773.1A CN115418762A (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Ratchet wheel type device for strengthening vibration of surface of wire spreading roller to increase wire spreading effect and application |
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