CN115416433A - Centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire and design method - Google Patents

Centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire and design method Download PDF

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CN115416433A
CN115416433A CN202211106209.7A CN202211106209A CN115416433A CN 115416433 A CN115416433 A CN 115416433A CN 202211106209 A CN202211106209 A CN 202211106209A CN 115416433 A CN115416433 A CN 115416433A
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tire
sound
cavity
absorbing
frequency
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CN115416433B (en
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余义
罗善德
张丹萍
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Dongfeng Motor Group Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C19/00Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
    • B60C19/002Noise damping elements provided in the tyre structure or attached thereto, e.g. in the tyre interior

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Abstract

The application relates to a perforation sound absorption tire of centrifugal pendulum formula, it includes: the outer circumferential surface of the elastic ring is connected to the inner tire surface of the tire body, and the inner circumferential surface is provided with an annular groove concentric with the elastic ring; the outer circumferential surface of the annular plate is connected with the inner circumferential surface of the elastic ring and seals the annular groove to form a hollow cavity; a plurality of sound-absorbing through holes are formed in the circular plate; wherein the elastic ring is configured to: the elastic ring comprises a first part and a second part, and the rigidity of the first part is higher than that of the second part. The rigidity difference and the rigidity distribution of the first part and the second part of the elastic ring are correspondingly arranged, so that the frequency characteristic of a structure formed by the elastic ring and the annular plate can be matched with the frequency characteristic of a tire, and the semi-active control effect is achieved; when the external sound wave frequency is the same as the natural frequency of the hollow cavity, the system resonates, and the sound energy loss generated by the reciprocating motion and friction of the air column in the hole neck is the largest, so that the aims of sound absorption and noise reduction of specific frequency are fulfilled.

Description

Centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire and design method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tires, in particular to a centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire and a design method thereof.
Background
At present, the tire can generate noises with different frequencies in the running process, and in order to reduce the noises in the running process of the tire, various large tire manufacturers mostly take structural design and formula design as the primary solving measures. The source of the noise generated by the fetal noise (also called road noise) generally includes three parts: the air noise is formed by air flow of the tire pattern gaps and air disturbance around the tire; secondly, tire vibration noise caused by vibration of the tire body and the pattern part, particularly hard materials of some tires, is easy to make a vehicle owner feel road noise; thirdly, road noise caused by uneven road surface, particularly when the automobile runs on a dimpled road surface, noise is generated by friction and impact between the tire surface and the ground, and resonance is formed with vibration of a fender, a fender and other parts to be amplified and transmitted into the automobile.
In some related arts, noise having a specific frequency among tire vibration noise caused by vibrations of a carcass and a pattern portion is generated because: the automobile tire and the interior of a rim are generally filled with air, the closed space is called a cavity, the cavity has cavity mode characteristics with specific frequency, and the cavity mode is excited by excitation transmitted from a road surface during the running process of the automobile tire to form noise with specific frequency.
The measures generally taken for noise at a particular frequency are: the inner wall of a common tire is cleaned in a solvent or laser mode, then the mute cotton with gum is attached to the inner wall of the tire in 2-3 sections, the width is about 12cm, the principle is that the transmission of wheel vibration and noise sound volume caused by air resonance in a tire cavity is reduced by adjusting the aperture and the closing rate of the mute cotton, but the following problems exist:
the cost of the four-tire sound absorption cotton is increased by more than 100 elements, the noise reduction effect is small, the cost performance is not high, and therefore the independent brands of automobiles are used for a long time; in addition, the process is difficult to control, the inner wall needs to be cleaned and manually pasted, the stability of the process is difficult to ensure, and the working time is consumed; poor maintainability: after the tire is punctured and repaired, the sound-absorbing cotton must be damaged to repair the tire, and the sound-absorbing cotton cannot be restored after the tire is repaired.
In other related technologies, in addition to the excitation from the road surface, the tire may excite a cavity mode during running, forming noise of a specific frequency; also, due to the doppler effect, the frequency of the acoustic cavity sound is divided into two during driving, and the target frequency of the noise is shifted, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. Therefore, there is also a need to solve the problem of noise target frequency shift due to doppler effect during tire running.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire and a design method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that noise reduction cost performance is low due to the use of sound absorption cotton in the related art, and noise target frequency shifts due to Doppler effect in the running process of the tire.
In a first aspect, there is provided a perforated sound absorbing tire of a centrifugal pendulum type, comprising:
the outer circumferential surface of the elastic ring is connected to the inner tire surface of the tire body, and the inner circumferential surface is provided with an annular groove concentric with the elastic ring;
the outer circumferential surface of the annular plate is connected with the inner circumferential surface of the elastic ring and seals the annular groove to form a hollow cavity; a plurality of sound-absorbing through holes are formed in the circular ring plate;
wherein the elastic ring is configured to: the elastic ring comprises a first part and a second part, and the rigidity of the first part is higher than that of the second part.
In some embodiments, the first portion and the second portion are symmetrically disposed about a centerline of the elastic loop as an axis of symmetry.
In some embodiments, the sound-absorbing through holes are divided into a plurality of repeating units, the repeating units are distributed on the circular ring plate in a ring shape, and the repeating units comprise a plurality of sound-absorbing through holes distributed in a straight line.
In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent repeating units is a first distance;
the hole center distance of two adjacent sound-absorbing through holes in the repeating unit is a second distance, and the first distance is equal to the second distance.
In some embodiments, the sound-absorbing through holes have a hole diameter of 0.8 to 1.2mm; the second distance is 1.8-2.2mm; the thickness of the circular plate is 4.8-5.2mm.
In some embodiments, the sound-absorbing through holes have a hole diameter of 1mm; the second distance is 2mm; the thickness of the circular plate is 5mm.
In some embodiments, the hollow cavity has a cavity depth of 1.8-2.2mm.
In some embodiments, the annular plate is made of a rigid material or an elastic material.
In some embodiments, the elastic ring is tightly connected with the inner tire surface of the tire body through a binding process or a glue adhesion mode.
In a second aspect, a centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire design method is provided, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the modal frequency of a target tire sound cavity;
establishing a first model of a perforated sound-absorbing tire;
adjusting the aperture and the hole spacing of the sound-absorbing through holes of the first model, the thickness of the circular ring plate and the cavity depth of the hollow cavity so as to enable the specific vibration frequency of the first model to be equal to the modal frequency of the sound cavity of the target tire;
determining a first tire sound cavity frequency and a second tire sound cavity frequency of a first model with a specific vibration frequency equal to the modal frequency of a target tire sound cavity at different vehicle speeds according to the Doppler effect;
calculating the cavity depths of the hollow cavities corresponding to the first tire sound cavity frequency and the second tire sound cavity frequency respectively, and calculating the rigidity difference between the first part and the second part according to the obtained cavity depths;
inputting the rigidity difference into a first model with a specific vibration frequency equal to the modal frequency of the target tire sound cavity to obtain a second model; a perforated sound absorbing tire was made in accordance with the second model.
The technical scheme who provides this application brings beneficial effect includes:
the embodiment of the application provides a centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire and a design method thereof, wherein a sound absorption through hole is arranged on a circular ring plate, and a hollow cavity is formed by the circular ring plate and an annular groove of an elastic ring, when sound waves are transmitted to the sound absorption through hole and the hollow cavity, gas in the sound absorption through hole moves back and forth like a piston under the pressure of the sound waves, the moving gas has certain mass, the moving gas resists the change of the movement speed caused by the action of the sound waves, and meanwhile, when the sound waves enter the sound absorption through hole, a part of sound energy is converted into heat energy due to the friction and the damping of a hole neck wall and is consumed; when the external sound wave frequency is the same as the natural frequency of the hollow cavity, the system resonates, and the sound energy loss generated by the reciprocating motion and friction of the air column in the hole neck is the largest, so that the aims of sound absorption and noise reduction of specific frequency are fulfilled.
In addition, in the running process, due to the action of centrifugal force, the elastic ring moves in a single direction, the depth of a hollow cavity on one side of the tire is reduced, the depth of a hollow cavity on the other side of the tire is increased, the impedance peak frequency is increased while the depth of the cavity is increased, the impedance peak frequency is reduced while the characteristic is matched with the characteristic that the modal frequency of the sound cavity caused by Doppler effect is separated into two parts in the running process of the tire, the rigidity difference and the rigidity distribution of the first part and the second part of the elastic ring are correspondingly arranged, so that the frequency characteristic of the structure formed by the elastic ring and the circular ring plate can be matched with the frequency characteristic of the tire, the semi-active control effect is achieved, and the problem of noise target frequency deviation caused by the Doppler effect is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a modal frequency separation of a tire acoustic cavity during a vehicle driving process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating frequency separation of acoustic cavity modes of a tire during a vehicle driving process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorbing tire provided in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a semi-active control of a centrifugal pendulum according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a semi-active control of a centrifugal pendulum according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the sound absorption coefficient of the structure according to the embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 1. an elastic ring; 2. a tire body; 3. an annular groove; 4. a circular ring plate; 5. a hollow cavity; 6. inhale the sound through-hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire and a design method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that noise reduction cost performance is low due to the use of sound absorption cotton in the related art, and noise target frequency shifts due to Doppler effect in the running process of the tire.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in addition to the excitation transmitted from the road surface, the tire can excite the cavity mode to form noise with specific frequency during the running process; and due to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the sound cavity sound is divided into two parts during the driving process, and the target frequency of the noise is shifted.
Therefore, the centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire and the design method thereof are provided, and the tire has a semi-active control effect.
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, a centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire includes an elastic ring 1, a tire body 2 and a circular ring plate 4. Wherein the peripheral surface of the elastic ring 1 is connected on the inner tread of the tire body 2, and the inner peripheral surface of the elastic ring 1 is provided with an annular groove 3 concentric with the elastic ring; the outer circumferential surface of the circular ring plate 4 is connected with the inner circumferential surface of the elastic ring 1, and the circular ring 3 is sealed to form a hollow cavity 5; a plurality of sound-absorbing through holes 6 are formed in the circular plate 4 to form a perforated cavity sound-absorbing structure; the elastic ring 1 is configured to: the elastic ring 1 comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion having a stiffness greater than the stiffness of the second portion.
Through the arrangement of the structure, when sound waves are transmitted into the tire body 2, the gas in the sound-absorbing through hole 6 moves back and forth like a piston under the pressure of the sound waves, the moving gas has certain mass and resists the change of the movement speed caused by the action of the sound waves, and meanwhile, when the sound waves enter the small hole, a part of sound energy is converted into heat energy and consumed due to the friction and the damping of the hole wall of the sound-absorbing through hole 6. When the external sound wave frequency is the same as the modal frequency of the sound cavity of the tire inherent in the perforated cavity, the perforated sound absorption tire resonates, and the sound energy loss generated by the reciprocating motion and friction of the air column in the sound absorption through hole 6 is the largest, so that the purpose of sound absorption and noise reduction aiming at specific frequency is achieved, and the semi-active control effect is realized.
In the driving process of the automobile, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, due to the action of centrifugal force, the elastic ring 1 moves in a single direction to enable the depth D1 of the hollow cavity 5 on one side to be reduced, the depth D2 of the hollow cavity 5 on the other side to be increased, the impedance peak frequency is improved by forming the side with the small cavity depth, the impedance peak frequency is reduced by the side with the increased cavity depth, the two impedance peak frequency characteristics and the characteristic matching that the modal frequency of the sound cavity caused by Doppler effect is separated into two in the driving process of the tire, and therefore the problem that the frequency of a noise target is deviated due to the Doppler effect in the driving process of the tire is solved.
It should be understood that, since the degree of separation of the modal frequency of the acoustic cavity caused by the doppler effect is related to the vehicle speed, by means of appropriate stiffness adjustment, the impedance peak frequency characteristic of the microperforated sound absorption tire can be adjusted to match and resonate with the modal natural frequency characteristic of the acoustic cavity of the tire, so that the semi-active control effect is achieved. The impedance peak frequency of the perforated sound absorption tire is matched with the modal natural frequency of the tire sound cavity, and the perforated sound absorption tire has a certain bandwidth.
In some preferred embodiments, the first portion and the second portion are symmetrically disposed with a center line of the elastic ring 1 as a symmetry axis, wherein the center line L is shown in fig. 4, wherein the elastic ring 1 may also be divided into a plurality of portions to form a plurality of pairs of portions with different stiffness, and the design is performed according to the semi-active control effect to be achieved.
In some preferred embodiments, the sound-absorbing through holes 6 are divided into a plurality of repeating units, the repeating units are distributed on the circular ring plate 4 in a ring shape, and the repeating units comprise a plurality of sound-absorbing through holes 6 distributed in a straight line; the distance between two adjacent repeating units is a first distance; the hole center distance of two adjacent sound-absorbing through holes 6 in the repeating unit is a second distance, and the first distance is equal to the second distance.
Above first distance, second distance, inhale the aperture of sound through-hole 6 to and ring plate 4 and the elastic ring 1 material, decided the sound absorption effect of perforation sound absorption tire, specific resonant frequency promptly, specifically following gives an implementation:
the aperture of the sound-absorbing through hole 6 is 0.8-1.2mm; the second distance is 1.8-2.2mm; the thickness of the circular plate 4 is 4.8-5.2mm; the aperture of the sound-absorbing through hole 6 is preferably 1mm; the second distance is 2mm; the thickness of the circular plate 4 is 5mm; the cavity depth of the hollow cavity 5 is 1.8-2.2mm.
The annular plate 4 is made of a rigid material or an elastic material. The elastic ring 1 is tightly connected with the inner tire surface of the tire body 2 through a binding process or a glue adhesion mode.
As shown in fig. 3, the first distance, the second distance, and the hole diameter of the sound-absorbing through-hole 6 may be calculated by referring to the following formulas:
Figure BDA0003841459690000071
Figure BDA0003841459690000072
Figure BDA0003841459690000073
Figure BDA0003841459690000074
wherein f is r For sound absorption of resonance frequency of tyre by perforation, by aimed cavity mode of tyreDetermining, generally about 220 Hz; c O At sonic velocity, about 340m/s at 1 atm and 15 ℃; pm is the perforation rate; l is k Is the effective length of the throat, which is a theoretical indicator; t is the thickness of the annular plate 4; d is the cavity depth of the hollow cavity 5; d is the diameter of the opening of the sound-absorbing through hole 6; b is a hole center distance of two adjacent sound-absorbing through holes 6, i.e., a second distance. Wherein the first distance is equal to the second distance.
Referring to fig. 6, the structural sound absorption coefficient alpha represents the structural sound absorption effect in general,
Figure BDA0003841459690000075
r in the formula is the sound resistivity, generally the sound resistivity is controlled to be about 1, and perfect sound absorption effect can be achieved under the condition that the bandwidth is set reasonably. Therefore, in the present application, the above sound resistivity is also controlled by setting and adjusting the aperture center distance of the sound-absorbing through-hole 6 and the cavity depth of the hollow cavity 5, so as to change the sound-absorbing performance of the perforated sound-absorbing tire.
The application also provides a centrifugal pendulum type perforating sound absorption tire design method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the modal frequency of a target tire sound cavity;
establishing a first model of a perforated sound absorbing tire;
adjusting the aperture and the hole pitch of the sound-absorbing through holes 6 of the first model, the thickness of the annular plate 4 and the cavity depth of the middle cavity 5 so as to enable the specific vibration frequency of the first model to be equal to the modal frequency of the sound cavity of the target tire;
determining a first tire sound cavity frequency and a second tire sound cavity frequency of a first model with a specific vibration frequency equal to the modal frequency of a target tire sound cavity at different vehicle speeds according to the Doppler effect;
calculating the cavity depths of the hollow cavity 5 corresponding to the first tire sound cavity frequency and the second tire sound cavity frequency respectively, and calculating the rigidity difference between the first part and the second part according to the obtained cavity depths;
and inputting the rigidity difference into a first model with the specific vibration frequency equal to the modal frequency of the sound cavity of the target tire to obtain a second model, carrying out simulation checking calculation, and manufacturing the perforated sound-absorbing tire according to the second model after the checking calculation is successful. And after the second model is manufactured, mounting the perforated sound absorption tire manufactured by the second model on a real vehicle for real vehicle debugging and verification.
Through the mode, design out the perforation sound absorption tire of centrifugal pendulum formula, can set up rigidity distribution as required to the frequency characteristic that makes the structure that elastic ring 1 and ring plate 4 formed can match with tire frequency characteristic, reaches semi-active control's effect, leads to the problem of noise target frequency excursion in order to solve the Doppler effect.
It should be understood that how to establish the first model, the second model and the subsequent verification analysis in the above way, by means of the related art, the present application is intended to show the idea of adjusting the stiffness distribution of the elastic ring 1 according to the requirements of a real vehicle.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A perforated sound-absorbing tire of the centrifugal pendulum type, characterized in that it comprises:
the outer circumferential surface of the elastic ring (1) is connected to the inner tread of the tire body (2), and the inner circumferential surface is provided with an annular groove (3) concentric with the elastic ring;
the outer peripheral surface of the circular ring plate (4) is connected with the inner peripheral surface of the elastic ring (1) and seals the circular groove (3) to form a hollow cavity (5); a plurality of sound-absorbing through holes (6) are formed in the circular ring plate (4);
wherein the elastic ring (1) is configured to: the elastic ring (1) comprises a first part and a second part, and the rigidity of the first part is higher than that of the second part.
2. The perforated sound-absorbing tire of the centrifugal pendulum type as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the first part and the second part are symmetrically arranged by taking the midline of the elastic ring (1) as a symmetry axis.
3. The perforated sound-absorbing tire of the centrifugal pendulum type as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
inhale sound through-hole (6) and divide into a plurality of repeating unit, a plurality of repeating unit are the annular and distribute and are in on ring board (4), repeating unit inhales sound through-hole (6) including a plurality of that are the straight line and distribute.
4. A centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorbing tire according to claim 3, wherein:
the distance between two adjacent repeating units is a first distance;
the hole center distance of two adjacent sound-absorbing through holes (6) in the repeating unit is a second distance, and the first distance is equal to the second distance.
5. The perforated sound-absorbing tire of the centrifugal pendulum type as set forth in claim 4, wherein:
the aperture of the sound-absorbing through hole (6) is 0.8-1.2mm; the second distance is 1.8-2.2mm; the thickness of the circular plate (4) is 4.8-5.2mm.
6. The perforated sound-absorbing tire of the centrifugal pendulum type as set forth in claim 5, wherein:
the aperture of the sound-absorbing through hole (6) is 1mm; the second distance is 2mm; the thickness of the circular plate (4) is 5mm.
7. A centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorbing tire according to claim 1, wherein:
the cavity depth of the hollow cavity (5) is 1.8-2.2mm.
8. A centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorbing tire according to claim 1, wherein:
the circular plate (4) is made of rigid materials or elastic materials.
9. A centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorbing tire according to claim 1, wherein:
the elastic ring (1) is tightly connected with the inner tire surface of the tire body (2) through a binding process or a glue adhesion mode.
10. A design method of a centrifugal pendulum type perforated sound absorption tire is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring modal frequency of a target tire sound cavity;
establishing a first model of a perforated sound absorbing tire;
adjusting the aperture and the hole pitch of the sound-absorbing through holes (6) of the first model, the thickness of the annular plate (4) and the cavity depth of the middle cavity (5) so as to enable the specific vibration frequency of the first model to be equal to the modal frequency of the sound cavity of the target tire;
determining a first tire sound cavity frequency and a second tire sound cavity frequency of a first model with a specific vibration frequency equal to the modal frequency of a target tire sound cavity at different vehicle speeds according to the Doppler effect;
calculating the cavity depths of the hollow cavities (5) corresponding to the first tire sound cavity frequency and the second tire sound cavity frequency respectively, and calculating the rigidity difference between the first part and the second part according to the obtained cavity depths;
inputting the rigidity difference into a first model with a specific vibration frequency equal to the modal frequency of the target tire sound cavity to obtain a second model; a perforated sound absorbing tire was made in accordance with the second model.
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