CN115415848B - Method and system for detecting precision of machining center equipment - Google Patents
Method and system for detecting precision of machining center equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115415848B CN115415848B CN202211030501.5A CN202211030501A CN115415848B CN 115415848 B CN115415848 B CN 115415848B CN 202211030501 A CN202211030501 A CN 202211030501A CN 115415848 B CN115415848 B CN 115415848B
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Abstract
The application relates to a method and a system for detecting the precision of machining center equipment. The detection method comprises the following steps: carrying out no-load operation on a machining center, and collecting vibration signals of the rotation motion of a machining center shaft and the motion of a lead screw guide rail; processing the acquired vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion to obtain characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion in the current state; and comparing the characteristic parameters of the current state with the characteristic parameters of the historical state to judge the precision of the machining center equipment. The application also provides a system of the detection method, which comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring the vibration signal, a processing analysis module for processing and analyzing the vibration signal and a data storage module for storing the characteristic parameters. The application can accurately and rapidly evaluate the precision of the machining center.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a method and a system for detecting the precision of machining center equipment.
Background
The machining center equipment is equipment for realizing high-precision cutting machining of parts, and is widely applied in the machining industry. With the increase of the iteration speed of parts caused by the reduction of the market life of the parts, the problems of new product line construction and old utilization of original equipment are related at the moment, and a machining center serving as core equipment needs to be evaluated to determine whether the precision of the machining center can meet the machining requirement of new products. Currently, there are two traditional methods of evaluating machining center equipment:
1. the trial production evaluation method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing functional check to check whether the equipment of the processing center can be started normally or not, and whether the equipment functions can meet the processing range of new products or not; then, carrying out small batch processing by using the blank of the original product; and measuring the shape and position precision of the processed product, calculating Cp and Cpk of the sample, and indirectly reflecting the state stability and the equipment precision of the processing center equipment according to the calculated value. According to the trial production evaluation method, due to the fact that real object trial production is adopted, most trial production products can only be subjected to scrap disposal treatment, and the period of an evaluation machine tool is generally two days, so that the defects of long time consumption, energy waste, cutters and the like exist.
2. The precision detection method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing functional check to check whether the equipment of the processing center can be started normally or not, and whether the equipment functions can meet the processing range of new products or not; and then removing the clamp and other parts, adopting laser detection equipment to detect the positioning precision and repeated positioning precision of the X, Y, Z shaft, and directly evaluating the equipment precision according to actual detection data. However, the laser detection period is long, the requirement on surrounding arrangement by using a laser instrument is high, and sometimes even an auxiliary roller way around equipment is required to be disassembled and moved, so that the detection method has the defects of long time consumption, high requirement on environmental conditions, high workload and the like.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop a method for detecting the precision of the machining center equipment, so as to rapidly evaluate the precision of the machining center, so as to achieve the purpose of rapidly responding to the manufacturing end when the enterprise handles the market change.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method and a system for detecting the equipment precision of a machining center, which are used for accurately and rapidly evaluating the precision of the machining center and solving the problems of high cost and condition limitation of the existing detection method, thereby providing a reliability reference for equipment maintenance departments.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
the method for detecting the precision of the machining center equipment comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out no-load operation on a machining center, and collecting vibration signals of the rotation motion of a machining center shaft and the motion of a lead screw guide rail;
s2, processing the acquired vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion to obtain characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion in the current state;
s3, comparing the characteristic parameters of the current state with the characteristic parameters of the historical state to judge the precision of the machining center equipment.
According to the technical means, the accuracy of the machining center can be accurately and rapidly evaluated by collecting vibration signals of the spindle rotation motion and the screw guide rail motion of the machining center in the running process, processing the vibration signals to obtain the characteristic parameters of the current state and comparing the characteristic parameters of the current state with the characteristic parameters of the historical state; meanwhile, the data acquisition is carried out under the condition of no-load operation of the equipment, so that the problems of high cost and condition limitation of the existing detection method are effectively avoided, thereby providing reliable equipment maintenance reference for equipment maintenance departments and effective process arrangement reference for process personnel.
Preferably, the vibration signal includes a vibration frequency ω, a maximum amplitude a, and a vibration period t.
Preferably, the machining center shaft comprises a main shaft and a B shaft;
the screw guide rail movement comprises translational movement of an X-axis screw guide rail, a Y-axis screw guide rail and a Z-axis screw guide rail;
the vibration signal is obtained through a vibration sensor, wherein the vibration sensor is adsorbed on the end face of the main shaft and the outer fixture of the B-axis lead screw guide rail, the X-axis lead screw guide rail, the Y-axis lead screw guide rail and the Z-axis lead screw guide rail.
The vibration signals of translational movement of the spindle, the B axis, the X axis lead screw guide rail, the Y axis lead screw guide rail and the Z axis lead screw guide rail are all collected, and then all the vibration signals are processed to obtain corresponding characteristic parameters, so that the accuracy of a judgment result is effectively ensured; meanwhile, the vibration sensor is adsorbed on the end face of the main shaft and the outer fixtures of the B-axis lead screw guide rail, the X-axis lead screw guide rail, the Y-axis lead screw guide rail and the Z-axis lead screw guide rail, namely, the vibration sensor is externally arranged, so that vibration signals in the idle running process of the machine tool can be acquired, and the problems of additional cost increase caused by improvement of equipment are avoided; meanwhile, as the vibration sensor adopts a direct adsorption mode, when the vibration signal is not acquired, the vibration sensor can be directly taken down, and the normal operation of the machine tool is effectively avoided.
Wherein, because the outer fixture is installed on the B-axis workbench, the measuring B-axis is also adsorbed on the outer fixture.
Preferably, in S2, specifically: and processing the acquired vibration frequency omega, the maximum amplitude A and the vibration period t of the rotation motion of the machining center shaft and the motion of the lead screw guide rail to obtain characteristic parameters of the current state, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a.
Preferably, in the step S2, the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a are calculated by using a formula i and a formula ii, respectively:
y＝A sinωt (Ⅰ)
a＝-ω 2 ·A sinωt (Ⅱ)
in the formulas I and II, y represents amplitude, and the unit is: mm, a represents the maximum amplitude of acquisition in units of: mm, ω represents the frequency of vibration acquired, unit: hz, a denotes vibration acceleration in units of: mm/s 2 T represents the acquired vibration period, and the unit is: s.
Preferably, in S3, specifically: and (3) performing superposition analysis on the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a in the current state and all the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a in the historical state respectively to obtain a change trend line of the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a, and judging that the precision of the machining center equipment meets the requirement when the obtained trend line is a straight line or tends to be a straight line.
Preferably, in the step S3, the method further includes storing the obtained characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the current state machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion in a database, where the database includes the characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the historical state machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion.
Preferably, in S1, specifically: carrying out no-load operation on the machining center at regular intervals, and collecting vibration signals of each machining center shaft rotation motion and screw rod guide rail motion;
the working conditions of the idle running of the main shaft or the B shaft are as follows: dividing the spindle or the B shaft into N equal parts from 0 to the maximum rotation speed, keeping for a set time at each rotation speed, and then entering the next rotation speed detection;
the method comprises the following steps:
forward rotation:
the rotation speed is 3000rpm, and the operation is carried out for 3s; the actual processing speed is 3s; the rotation speed is 6000rpm, and the operation is 3s; the rotation speed is 9000rpm, and the operation is 3s; the rotating speed is 1200rpm, the operation is carried out for 3s, the stop is carried out for 3s;
reversing:
the rotation speed is 3000rpm, and the operation is carried out for 3s; the actual processing speed is 3s; the rotation speed is 6000rpm, and the operation is 3s; the rotation speed is 9000rpm, and the operation is 3s; the rotating speed is 1200rpm, the operation is carried out for 3s, the stop is carried out for 3s;
circularly running;
the working conditions of the X-axis lead screw guide rail, the Y-axis lead screw guide rail or the Z-axis lead screw guide rail in idle running are as follows: performing periodic reciprocating motion on the X-axis lead screw guide rail, the Y-axis lead screw guide rail or the Z-axis lead screw guide rail according to a travel origin and a maximum travel point;
the method comprises the following steps:
travel origin, stay 2S;
maximum travel point, stay 2S;
and (5) circularly running.
According to the technical means, the working condition of the idle running of the main shaft or the B shaft is divided into 4 equal parts from 0 to the maximum rotating speed, the working condition of the actual rotating speed running is added, and the cyclic running is carried out, so that the accuracy of a test result is effectively ensured; meanwhile, the device is kept for a certain time under each rotating speed working condition so as to clearly divide the period and facilitate data acquisition; the working conditions of no-load operation of the X-axis lead screw guide rail, the Y-axis lead screw guide rail or the Z-axis lead screw guide rail are set at the row Cheng Yuandian and the maximum travel point, so that the integrity and the accuracy of the test result are effectively ensured.
The number of times of the idle running cycle of the spindle, the B axis, the X axis lead screw guide rail, the Y axis lead screw guide rail and the Z axis lead screw guide rail is about 10.
The application also provides a system based on the detection method of the machining center equipment precision, which comprises a data acquisition module, a processing analysis module and a data storage module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring vibration signals of the rotation motion of the machining center shaft and the motion of the lead screw guide rail;
the processing analysis module is used for processing the acquired vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion, obtaining characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion in the current state, and comparing the characteristic parameters in the current state with the characteristic parameters in the historical state to judge whether the precision of the machining center equipment meets the requirement or not;
the data storage module is used for storing characteristic parameters of all collected vibration signals of the rotation motion of the machining center shaft and the motion of the lead screw guide rail.
Preferably, the data acquisition module comprises vibration sensors arranged on the end face of the machining center shaft and the external mechanical parts of the screw guide rail; the processing analysis module and the data storage module comprise computers; the computer is in communication connection with the vibration sensor, the vibration signal acquired in the current state is sent to the computer through the vibration sensor, then the vibration signal is processed through the computer, and the vibration signal is subjected to superposition analysis with the characteristic parameters of the historical state stored in the computer, so that the change trend of the characteristic parameters is obtained.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for detecting the precision of the machining center equipment, the vibration signals of the machining center, namely the rotation movement of the machining center shaft and the movement of the lead screw guide rail in the running process, are collected, the vibration signals are processed to obtain the characteristic parameters of the current state, and then the characteristic parameters of the current state are compared with the characteristic parameters of the historical state, so that the precision of the machining center can be accurately and rapidly estimated; meanwhile, the data acquisition is carried out under the condition of no-load operation of equipment, so that the problems of high cost and condition limitation of the existing detection method are effectively avoided, and therefore, the detection method can simply, rapidly and accurately evaluate the equipment precision of the machining center under the condition of lowest investment of people, wealth and things, further rapidly respond to the requirements of the market for new products, can provide reliable equipment maintenance reference for equipment maintenance departments, and can provide effective process arrangement reference for process staff, and has popularization and application values in the technical field of numerical control machine tool testing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure for detecting machining center equipment;
wherein, 1-main shaft, 2-B axis, 3-X axis lead screw guide rail, 4-Y axis lead screw guide rail, 5-Z axis lead screw guide rail, 6-vibration sensor, 7-computer.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present application will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, by referring to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments. The application may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present application. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are presented by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation.
It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present application by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
In the following description, numerous details are discussed to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the present application, however, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be practiced without these specific details.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for detecting the precision of machining center equipment includes the following steps:
s1, carrying out idle running on a machining center regularly, and collecting vibration frequency omega, maximum amplitude A and vibration period t of machining center shaft rotation motion and screw rod guide rail motion during each idle running; in order to make the judging result more accurate, the machining center shaft comprises a main shaft 1 and a B shaft 2, and the screw guide motion comprises translational motions of an X-axis screw guide 3, a Y-axis screw guide 4 and a Z-axis screw guide 5;
the vibration sensor 6 is adsorbed on the end face of the main shaft 1 through a strong magnet, and is adsorbed on the outer fixtures of the B shaft 2, the X shaft lead screw guide rail 3, the Y shaft lead screw guide rail 4 and the Z shaft lead screw guide rail 5 through a strong magnet, so as to avoid the problem of adding extra cost because of improving equipment; the position of the magnet adsorption is larger than 2/3 of the area of the magnet;
s2, calculating the collected vibration frequency omega, the maximum amplitude A and the vibration period t of the rotation motion of the machining center shaft and the motion of the lead screw guide rail by adopting a formula I and a formula II respectively to obtain the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a of the current state;
y＝A sinωt (Ⅰ)
a＝-ω 2 ·A sinωt (Ⅱ)
in the formulas I and II, y represents amplitude, and the unit is: mm, a represents the maximum amplitude of acquisition in units of: mm, ω represents the frequency of vibration acquired, unit: hz, a denotes vibration acceleration in units of: mm/s 2 T represents the acquired vibration period, and the unit is: s;
s3, performing superposition analysis on the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a in the current state and all the amplitudes y and the vibration acceleration a in the historical state respectively to obtain a change trend line of the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a, and judging that the precision of the machining center equipment meets the requirement when the obtained trend line is a straight line or tends to be a straight line;
in S3, the method further includes storing the obtained characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion in a database, where the database includes the characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the history machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion.
The working conditions of the idle running of the main shaft or the B shaft are as follows:
forward rotation:
the rotation speed is 3000rpm, and the operation is carried out for 3s; the actual processing speed is 3s; the rotation speed is 6000rpm, and the operation is 3s; the rotation speed is 9000rpm, and the operation is 3s; the rotating speed is 1200rpm, the operation is carried out for 3s, the stop is carried out for 3s;
reversing:
the rotation speed is 3000rpm, and the operation is carried out for 3s; the actual processing speed is 3s; the rotation speed is 6000rpm, and the operation is 3s; the rotation speed is 9000rpm, and the operation is 3s; the rotating speed is 1200rpm, the operation is carried out for 3s, the stop is carried out for 3s;
circularly running;
the working conditions of the X-axis lead screw guide rail, the Y-axis lead screw guide rail or the Z-axis lead screw guide rail in idle running are as follows:
travel origin, stay 2S;
maximum travel point, stay 2S;
and (5) circularly running.
When the idle operation is performed at actual regular intervals, the operation condition is realized by programming a machining center controller (CNC). That is, when the vibration signal of the rotational motion of the spindle 1 or the B-axis 2 needs to be collected, taking the spindle 1 as an example: dividing the spindle 1 from 0 to the maximum rotation speed into 4 equal parts, adding the actual machining rotation speed, keeping for a certain time at each rotation speed, then entering the next rotation speed detection, taking a machining center with the maximum rotation speed of 12000rpm as an example, and programming as follows:
… … … … … … … M3S 3000; the main shaft rotates positively at 3000rpm
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … S4500; actual machining rotational speed
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … S6000; rotational speed 6000rpm
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … S9000; at 9000rpm
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … S12000; rotational speed 12000rpm
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … M05; spindle stop
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; stop for 3s
… … … … … … … M4S 3000; the spindle is reversed at 3000rpm
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … S4500; actual machining rotational speed
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … S6000; rotational speed 6000rpm
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … S9000; at 9000rpm
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … S12000; rotational speed 12000rpm
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; continuous operation for 3s
… … … … … … … M05; spindle stop
… … … … … … … G4 X3.; stop for 3s
… … … … … … … M99; and (5) circularly running.
When the vibration signals of the translational movement of the X-axis lead screw guide 3, the Y-axis lead screw guide 4 and the Z-axis lead screw guide 5 need to be collected, the X, Y, Z three linear shafts are required to periodically reciprocate according to the original position and the maximum travel point, taking the X-axis lead screw guide as an example, the control procedure is as follows:
… … … … … … … … … G90G 00 X0.; x-axis travel origin
… … … … … … … … … G4 X2.; stay for 2s
… … … … … … … … … x 1000; maximum X-axis travel
… … … … … … … … … G4 X2.; stay for 2s
… … … … … … … … … M99; and (5) circularly running.
Normally, the cycle is performed about 10 times.
The vibration frequency omega, the maximum amplitude A and the vibration period t of the spindle, the B-axis rotation motion, the X-axis screw guide rail, the Y-axis screw guide rail and the Z-axis screw guide rail motion of the machining center in the idle running process are respectively collected, the vibration frequency omega, the maximum amplitude A and the vibration period t are calculated, so that the amplitude Y and the vibration acceleration a in the current state are obtained, then the superposition analysis is carried out on the amplitude Y and the vibration acceleration a in the historical state, the change trend lines of the amplitude Y and the vibration acceleration a are obtained, and the precision of the machining center can be accurately and rapidly estimated.
Example 2
A system based on the detection method in embodiment 1, comprising a data acquisition module, a processing analysis module, and a data storage module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the rotation motions of the main shaft 1 and the B shaft 2, and the vibration frequency omega, the maximum amplitude A and the vibration period t of the translational motions of the X shaft lead screw guide rail 3, the Y shaft lead screw guide rail 4 and the Z shaft lead screw guide rail 5;
the processing analysis module is used for processing the collected vibration frequency omega, the maximum amplitude A and the vibration period t of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion to obtain the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a of vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion in the current state, and comparing the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a in the current state with the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a in the historical state to judge whether the precision of the machining center equipment meets the requirement;
the data storage module is used for storing characteristic parameters of all collected vibration signals of the rotation motion of the machining center shaft and the motion of the lead screw guide rail.
The data acquisition module comprises a vibration sensor 6 arranged on the end face of the machining center shaft or the outer fixture and on an external mechanical part of the screw guide rail; the processing analysis module and the data storage module comprise a computer 7; the computer 7 is in communication connection with the vibration sensor, the vibration sensor sends vibration signals acquired in the current state to the computer 7, the vibration sensor 6 can send real-time data to the computer 7 through a data processing and sending module with a wireless sending function or through wifi, the computer 7 is provided with statistical software for processing and recording the received data, and the statistical software and the characteristic parameters of the historical state stored in the computer 7 are subjected to superposition analysis to obtain the variation trend of the characteristic parameters.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present application and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the application. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. It is therefore intended that all equivalent modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present application shall be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The method for detecting the precision of the machining center equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, carrying out no-load operation on a machining center, and collecting vibration signals of the rotation motion of a machining center shaft and the motion of a lead screw guide rail, wherein the vibration signals comprise vibration frequency omega, maximum amplitude A and vibration period t;
s2, processing the acquired vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion to obtain characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion in the current state, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise amplitude y and vibration acceleration a;
the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a are calculated by adopting a formula I and a formula II respectively:
y=A sinωt （Ⅰ）
a=-ω 2 ·A sin ωt （Ⅱ）
in the formulas I and II, y represents amplitude, and the unit is: mm, a represents the maximum amplitude of acquisition in units of: mm, ω represents the frequency of vibration acquired, unit: hz, a denotes vibration acceleration in units of: mm/s 2 T represents the acquired vibration period, and the unit is: s;
s3, performing superposition analysis on the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a in the current state and all the amplitudes y and the vibration acceleration a in the historical state respectively to obtain a change trend line of the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a, and judging that the precision of the machining center equipment meets the requirement when the obtained trend line is a straight line or tends to be a straight line.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the machining center axis includes a main axis and a B axis;
the screw guide rail movement comprises translational movement of an X-axis screw guide rail, a Y-axis screw guide rail and a Z-axis screw guide rail;
the vibration signal is obtained through a vibration sensor, wherein the vibration sensor is adsorbed on the end face of the main shaft and the outer fixture of the B-axis lead screw guide rail, the X-axis lead screw guide rail, the Y-axis lead screw guide rail and the Z-axis lead screw guide rail.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the method further comprises storing the obtained characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the current machining center axis rotation motion and the screw guide motion in a database, and the database includes the characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the historical machining center axis rotation motion and the screw guide motion.
4. The detection method according to claim 3, wherein in S1, specifically: carrying out no-load operation on the machining center at regular intervals, and collecting vibration signals of each machining center shaft rotation motion and screw rod guide rail motion;
the working conditions of the idle running of the main shaft or the B shaft are as follows: dividing the spindle or the B shaft into N equal parts from 0 to the maximum rotation speed, keeping for a set time at each rotation speed, and then entering the next rotation speed detection;
the working conditions of the X-axis lead screw guide rail, the Y-axis lead screw guide rail or the Z-axis lead screw guide rail in idle running are as follows: and periodically reciprocating the X-axis lead screw guide rail, the Y-axis lead screw guide rail or the Z-axis lead screw guide rail according to the travel origin and the maximum travel point.
5. The system based on the detection method of the machining center equipment precision is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a processing analysis module and a data storage module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring vibration signals of the rotary motion of the machining center shaft and the motion of the lead screw guide rail, and the vibration signals comprise vibration frequency omega, maximum amplitude A and vibration period t;
the processing analysis module is used for processing the acquired vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion to obtain characteristic parameters of the vibration signals of the machining center shaft rotating motion and the screw guide rail motion in the current state, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise amplitude y and vibration acceleration a, the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a in the current state are respectively overlapped and analyzed with all the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a in the historical state to obtain a change trend line of the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a, and when the obtained trend line is a straight line or tends to be a straight line, the precision of machining center equipment is judged to meet the requirement;
the amplitude y and the vibration acceleration a are calculated by adopting a formula I and a formula II respectively:
y=A sinωt （Ⅰ）
a=-ω 2 ·A sin ωt （Ⅱ）
in the formulas I and II, y represents amplitude, and the unit is: mm, a represents the maximum amplitude of acquisition in units of: mm, ω represents the frequency of vibration acquired, unit: hz, a denotes vibration acceleration in units of: mm/s 2 T represents the acquired vibration period, and the unit is: s;
the data storage module is used for storing characteristic parameters of all collected vibration signals of the rotation motion of the machining center shaft and the motion of the lead screw guide rail.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the data acquisition module comprises vibration sensors disposed on an end face of the machining center shaft and an external mechanical part of the lead screw guide; the processing analysis module and the data storage module comprise computers; the computer is in communication connection with the vibration sensor, the vibration signal acquired in the current state is sent to the computer through the vibration sensor, then the vibration signal is processed through the computer, and the vibration signal is subjected to superposition analysis with the characteristic parameters of the historical state stored in the computer, so that the change trend of the characteristic parameters is obtained.
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