CN115413445A - Seed quality on-line measuring device - Google Patents
Seed quality on-line measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115413445A CN115413445A CN202210987781.2A CN202210987781A CN115413445A CN 115413445 A CN115413445 A CN 115413445A CN 202210987781 A CN202210987781 A CN 202210987781A CN 115413445 A CN115413445 A CN 115413445A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
- A01C1/025—Testing seeds for determining their viability or germination capacity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/27—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection ; circuits for computing concentration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8411—Application to online plant, process monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/845—Objects on a conveyor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8466—Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of seed quality online detection device, the apparatus includes: a seed delivery system for delivering target crop seeds; the seed overturning system is used for overturning the target crop seeds when the target crop seeds meet the overturning triggering condition; the image acquisition system comprises a first camera and a second camera and is used for acquiring bilateral image data of the target crop seeds; and the spectrum acquisition system is used for acquiring the spectrum data of the crop seeds to be targeted. According to the seed quality online detection device provided by the invention, the arranged image acquisition system can be used for simultaneously acquiring bilateral image data of crop seeds, the spectrum acquisition system is added to realize the acquisition of spectrum data, and a data analysis basis is provided for the screening of high-quality seeds through the high-throughput acquisition of internal and external information of the crop seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural information, in particular to an online seed quality detection device.
Background
Seeds are the core of agriculture. The traditional corn planting mode of 'one hole is multiple' wastes seeds, seedling transplanting and thinning are needed, the labor intensity is high, time and labor are wasted, and the mechanical progress of corn planting is particularly not facilitated to be promoted. In recent years, china starts to vigorously push the single-grain corn sowing technology, and adopts a 'one-hole-one' sowing method, which has the advantages of saving seeds, labor and time, improving the earring rate and the single-grain weight, generally improving the yield per mu by about 10 percent and playing a key role in increasing the agricultural yield.
The popularization of the single-seed sowing technology has higher requirements on the quality of the seeds, and not only is the requirement that each seed needs to germinate, but also the roots of the seeds are strong after the seeds take roots and germinate, and the seedlings are healthy. The standard for the quality of the corn seeds for the single-seed sowing is that the water content is unified to 13%, the germination rate is improved to 93%, the purity and the cleanliness of the seeds are 97% and 99% respectively, and the standard requires that the corn seeds for the single-seed sowing are marked as the single-seed sowing seeds on an outer package, otherwise the seeds cannot be sold as the single-seed sowing seeds. Therefore, in order to meet the urgent needs of the market, a single-grain corn seed quality detection device capable of simultaneously acquiring external image information and internal spectrum information of seeds is urgently needed.
The existing market rapid sorting equipment aims at the external quality of seeds, such as incomplete particles or mildewing, and the like, and cannot meet the requirement of internal quality detection. The equipment for rapidly detecting the internal quality of the seeds is not mature, and indexes such as protein content and starch content related to the germination rate of the seeds are detected. In addition, because the corn seeds have the particularity of the germ surface and the endosperm surface, the simultaneous acquisition of images on two sides in the data acquisition process is a technical pain point. The image acquisition module is used for acquiring the image information of the corn seeds to realize the single-grain classification of the corn seeds, only one-side images of the corn seeds can be randomly acquired, and the classification of the seeds cannot be realized by utilizing the internal spectrum information.
Disclosure of Invention
The online seed quality detection device provided by the invention is used for solving the problems in the prior art, the set image acquisition system can be used for simultaneously acquiring bilateral image data of crop seeds, the spectrum acquisition system is added to realize the acquisition of spectrum data, and a data analysis basis is provided for screening high-quality seeds by high-flux acquisition of internal and external information of the crop seeds.
The invention provides a seed quality on-line detection device, comprising:
a seed delivery system for delivering target crop seeds;
the seed overturning system is used for overturning the target crop seeds when the target crop seeds meet overturning triggering conditions;
the image acquisition system comprises a first camera and a second camera, the first camera is installed above a diffuse reflection infrared switch in the seed turnover system and used for acquiring first side image data of the target crop seeds when the seed conveying system conveys the target crop seeds to a detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch, and the diffuse reflection infrared switch is installed on the side of the conveying belt;
the second camera is arranged above a seed overturning device in the seed overturning system and used for collecting second side image data of the overturned target crop seeds after the target crop seeds in an overturning groove in the seed overturning device are overturned, the seed overturning device is arranged at the tail end of a seed sliding plate, and the seed sliding plate is arranged at the tail end of the conveying belt;
the spectrum acquisition system is arranged below the seed turnover device and used for acquiring spectrum data of the target crop seeds;
wherein the target crop seeds in the overturning groove overturn when the overturning triggering condition is met.
According to the device for on-line detection of seed quality provided by the invention, the overturning triggering condition comprises the following steps:
the seed conveying system conveys the target crop seeds in the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch into the overturning groove, and the seed conveying system conveys the next target crop seeds to the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch.
According to the seed quality online detection device provided by the invention, the second camera acquires the second-side image data after delaying the preset shooting time.
According to the online seed quality detection device provided by the invention, the seed overturning system further comprises:
and the stepping motor is used for overturning the target crop seeds in the overturning groove when the seed conveying system conveys the next target crop seeds to the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch.
According to the seed quality on-line detection device provided by the invention, the spectrum acquisition system comprises:
the detection optical fiber is arranged in an inner pipeline of the spectrum acquisition system and used for transmitting the spectrum information of the target crop seeds in the inner pipeline to a spectrometer when the target crop seeds are overturned to the inner pipeline by the overturning groove;
and the spectrometer is connected with the detection optical fiber and is used for determining the spectral data according to the spectral information and the integration time for acquiring the spectral information.
According to the device for detecting the quality of the seeds, provided by the invention, the integration time of the collection of the spectral information is determined according to the first time when the target crop seeds slide into the inner pipeline and the second time when the target crop seeds slide out of the inner pipeline, which are recorded by the photoelectric sensor in the spectral collection system.
According to the online seed quality detection device provided by the invention, the spectrum acquisition system further comprises:
and the light source control module is connected with the lighting optical fiber interface on the spectrum acquisition system and is used for providing a light source for the spectrum acquisition system.
According to the online seed quality detection device provided by the invention, the first camera and the second camera are both CCD cameras.
According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for on-line detecting seed quality, further comprising:
the singlechip is connected with the photoelectric sensor and used for sending a spectrum acquisition signal to an upper computer through serial port communication after receiving a photoelectric signal sent by the photoelectric sensor;
and the upper computer is connected with the singlechip and is used for displaying the spectrum data in real time according to the spectrum acquisition signal.
According to the seed quality on-line detection device provided by the invention, the upper computer comprises:
and the spectrum acquisition software is used for displaying the spectrum data in real time according to the spectrum acquisition signal, and is compiled based on Labview.
According to the seed quality online detection device provided by the invention, the arranged image acquisition system can be used for simultaneously acquiring bilateral image data of crop seeds, the spectrum acquisition system is added to realize the acquisition of spectrum data, and a data analysis basis is provided for the screening of high-quality seeds through the high-throughput acquisition of internal and external information of the crop seeds.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an online detection device for seed quality according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed turnover device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectrum acquisition system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a halogen lamp light source provided by the present invention, which transmits the light source to a spectrum collection system through an illumination fiber;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a spectral curve of a crop seed provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1: a conveyor belt; 2: a first camera; 3: a diffuse reflection infrared switch;
4:57 a stepper motor; 5: a second camera; 6: a spectrum acquisition system;
7: a drive motor; 8: a seed turnover device; 9: a skateboard board;
10:30 section bar frames; 11: a light source; 12: light source
13: a turning groove; 14: a funnel; 15: an illumination optical fiber interface connection board;
16: a photosensor interface; 17: a photosensor interface; 18: detecting an optical fiber interface;
19: an illumination fiber interface; 20: and illuminating the optical fiber fixing hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an online seed quality detection device provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the device includes:
a seed delivery system for delivering target crop seeds;
the seed overturning system is used for overturning the target crop seeds when the target crop seeds meet the overturning triggering condition;
the image acquisition system comprises a first camera 2 and a second camera 5, wherein the first camera 2 is arranged above a diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 in the seed turnover system and used for acquiring first side image data of target crop seeds when the seed conveying system conveys the target crop seeds to a detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3, and the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 is arranged on the side of the conveying belt 1;
the second camera 5 is installed above the seed overturning device 8 in the seed overturning system and used for collecting second side image data of the overturned target crop seeds after the target crop seeds in an overturning groove 13 in the seed overturning device 8 are overturned, the seed overturning device 8 is installed at the tail end of the seed sliding plate 9, and the seed sliding plate 9 is installed at the tail end of the conveying belt 1;
the spectrum acquisition system is arranged below the seed turnover device 8 and is used for acquiring spectrum data of the target crop seeds;
wherein the target crop seeds in the turning groove 13 are turned when the turning triggering condition is satisfied.
Further, in one embodiment, the rollover trigger condition includes:
the seed transport system transports the target crop seeds located in the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 into the inversion tank 13, and the seed transport system transports the next target crop seed to the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3.
Optionally, the device for online detection of seed quality provided by the invention can be particularly used for collecting bilateral images and spectral data of single-seed corn seeds, and mainly comprises a seed conveying system, an image collecting system, a seed overturning system and a spectral collecting system, wherein the whole device is controlled by an industrial personal computer.
The seed conveying system mainly comprises a driving motor 7, a chain and a conveying belt 1 and is mainly used for controlling the movement of target crop seeds (such as single corn seeds).
The image acquisition system mainly comprises a light source 11 and a light source 12, a first camera 2, a second camera 5 and a photoelectric switch (not shown in fig. 1). The fluorescent image, the visible light RGB image and the near infrared image can be acquired by additionally installing different light sources so as to be used for detecting the external quality of different seeds, such as mildew, worm damage and the like. The image capture system is configured to capture two-sided image data (including first-side image data and second-side image data) of a seed of the target crop as the seed delivery system delivers the target crop to the target location.
Seed upset system mainly comprises step motor (can be specifically 57 step motor 4), seed turning device 8 and diffuse reflection infrared switch 3, and seed turning device 8 for when target crops seed satisfies all there is target crops seed in the adjacent upset inslot in the seed turning device 8, upset target crops seed, with target crops seed upset spectrum collection system, wherein 57 step motor 4 is connected with seed turning device 8, is used for controlling the 8 upsets of seed turning device.
The spectrum acquisition system comprises a light source control module, a spectrometer, an optical fiber and the like, wherein the light source control module provides a light source for the spectrum acquisition system through the optical fiber, and the data acquisition of visible/near infrared (400-1000 nm) and near infrared spectrum (900-1700 nm) of target crop seeds is realized by changing the wave band of the light source control module and the spectrum sensor.
Referring to fig. 1, the image capturing system may specifically include a first camera 2 and a second camera 5, wherein the first camera 2 is installed above the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 in the seed transport system, and the second camera 5 is installed above the seed turnover device 8.
In one embodiment, the first camera 2 and the second camera 5 are both CCD cameras, and for the purpose of differentiation, the first camera 2 and the second camera 5 are labeled with CCD camera-1 and CCD camera-2, respectively.
In one embodiment, the target crop seeds (seeds-1) pass through the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 in the conveying process, the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 conveys signals of the seeds-1 to the CCD camera-1, the CCD camera-2 and the 57 stepping motor 4, the signals are sent to the designated positions (namely the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3), at the moment, the CCD camera-1 collects images on one side of the seeds-1 to obtain image data on the first side of the seeds-1, the image collection time of the CCD camera-2 is delayed by 0.5s, and the 57 stepping motor 1 turns over for 90 degrees after receiving the signals. When the seeds-1 are detected, the seed overturning device 8 does not carry the seeds to idle, and the image content of the CCD camera-2 is empty, namely no seeds exist. The seeds-1 are continuously conveyed forwards and fall into the overturning grooves 13 in the seed overturning device 8 through the seed sliding plates 9, at the moment, the orientation of the seeds-1 is not changed, the overturning grooves 13 (see figure 2) are used for enabling the seeds to overturn smoothly, and the seed sliding plates 9 are used for ensuring that the seeds slide smoothly and do not overturn. At this time, the next target crop seed (seed-2) is transmitted to the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 through the conveying belt 1, the CCD camera-1 collects an image (first side image) on one side of the seed-2, the 57 stepping motor 4 receives the information that the seed-2 reaches the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 and then drives the seed turnover device 8 to turn over for 90 degrees, the seed-1 is turned over in the turnover groove, at the moment, the CCD camera-2 delays for 0.5s after receiving the seed-2 and reaches the designated position (namely the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3), and an image (second side image) on the other side of the seed-1 is collected.
In one embodiment, the first side image is an embryo side image and the second side image is an endosperm side image.
In one embodiment, the second camera acquires the second side image data after delaying the preset shooting time, and in this embodiment, the second camera delays the preset shooting time to be set to 0.5s.
In one embodiment, the seeds are spaced a distance that is related to the speed of the belt, and the spacing between the seeds is preferably between 5 and 8 cm as determined experimentally. When the equipment is operated, the driving motor 7 drives the conveying belt 1 to rotate through the chain, and the seeds are placed on the conveying belt 1 to be conveyed forwards.
According to the online detection device for the seed quality, provided by the invention, the set image acquisition system can be used for simultaneously acquiring the image data of two sides of the crop seeds, the spectrum acquisition system is added to realize the acquisition of the spectrum data, and the data analysis basis is provided for the screening of high-quality seeds by high-flux acquisition of internal and external information of the crop seeds.
Further, in an embodiment, the seed flipping system may further include:
and the stepping motor is used for overturning the target crop seeds in the overturning groove 13 when the next target crop seeds are conveyed to the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 by the seed conveying system.
Optionally, when the seeds-2 reach the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 through the conveying belt 1, the CCD camera-1 collects an image (a first side image) of one side of the seeds-2, the step motor 4 drives the seed turnover device 8 to turn over for 90 degrees after receiving information that the seeds-2 reach the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3, the seeds-1 are turned over in the turnover groove, and at the moment, the CCD camera-2 delays for 0.5s after receiving the information that the seeds-2 reach the designated position (i.e., the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3), and an image (a second side image) of the other side of the seeds-1 is collected.
According to the online seed quality detection device provided by the invention, the collection of bilateral image data of target crop seeds (such as corn seeds) can be realized through the arranged first camera and the second camera, the problem of incomplete seed information collection in the prior art is solved, the data range is expanded for the subsequent high-quality seed sorting, and a firmer data analysis basis is provided.
Further, in an embodiment, the spectrum collection system may specifically include:
the detection optical fiber is arranged in an internal pipeline of the spectrum acquisition system and used for transmitting the spectrum information of the target crop seeds in the internal pipeline to the spectrometer when the target crop seeds are overturned to the internal pipeline by the overturning groove;
and the spectrometer is connected with the detection optical fiber and used for determining the spectral data according to the spectral information and the integration time acquired by the spectral information.
Further, in one embodiment, the integration time for the collection of spectral information is determined based on a first time that the target crop seed slides into the inner pipe and a second time that the target crop seed slides out of the inner pipe, as recorded by a photosensor in the spectral collection system.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 3, in the spectrum collection system, the halogen lamp light source transmits the light source to the spectrum collection system through an illumination optical fiber (fig. 4), the illumination optical fiber is composed of 20 optical fibers with a diameter of 4.5mm, one end of each optical fiber is connected with the halogen lamp light source, the other end of each optical fiber is respectively connected with an illumination optical fiber interface 19 of the spectrum collection system, and the total number of the illumination optical fiber interfaces 19 is 20, and the illumination optical fiber interfaces are fixed through an illumination optical fiber interface connecting plate 15, an illumination optical fiber fixing hole 20 and the like and are uniformly distributed around an inner pipeline of the spectrum collection system. All optical fibers are connected with the same light source, so that the consistency of the light source and the stability of the spectrum signal are ensured. And each optical fiber is respectively fixed on the spectrum acquisition system through the illumination optical fiber interface connecting plate 15 and the illumination optical fiber interface 19, so that the change of the light source wave band and the size of the optical fiber is more convenient.
In one embodiment, the inner conduit may be a glass conduit.
In one embodiment, the seeds-2 are transmitted to a detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 through the conveying belt 1, the CCD camera-1 collects a first side image of an image on one side of the seeds-2, the step motor 4 receives information that the seeds-2 reach the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3 and then drives the seed turnover device 8 to turn over for 90 degrees, the seeds-1 are turned over in the turnover groove, at the moment, the CCD camera-2 delays for 0.5s after receiving the information that the seeds-2 reach a specified position (namely the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3), and an image on the other side (namely a second side image) of the seeds-1 is collected.
The seeds-2 are conveyed forwards continuously by the conveying belt 1 and fall into the turning grooves 13 of the turning device 8 by the seed sliding plate 9, and at the moment, the seeds-1 and the seeds-2 are respectively arranged in two adjacent turning grooves in the seed turning device 8. When the seeds 3 are transmitted to the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch 3, the CCD camera-1 collects first side image data of the seeds 3, the step motor 4 is 57 used for driving the seed overturning device 8 to overturn, the CCD camera-2 delays the preset shooting time for 0.5s, second side image data of the seeds-2 are collected, and at the moment, the seeds-1 fall into the spectrum collection system. The seeds-1 slide down along the glass pipeline in the spectrum acquisition system from top to bottom, the detection optical fiber (accessed through the detection optical fiber interface 18 shown in fig. 3) is placed in the central axis of the glass pipeline and used for collecting the spectrum information when the seeds pass through the pipeline, the detection optical fiber is a Y-shaped optical fiber, and the other end of the detection optical fiber is connected with the spectrometer. The spectrometer is used for determining spectral data according to the spectral information and the integration time for acquiring the spectral information.
In an embodiment, the seeds trigger the photoelectric sensors twice in the process of sliding down the inner glass pipeline (the photoelectric sensors are connected through the photoelectric sensor interface 16 and the photoelectric sensor interface 17 shown in fig. 3), the current time is recorded, the difference value of two times (the first time when the target crop seeds slide into the inner pipeline and the second time when the target crop seeds slide out of the inner pipeline) is the integral time of spectrum information acquisition, the integral time is related to the angle of the spectrum acquisition system, and the integral time is set to be the best 130ms after early debugging.
The online seed quality detection device provided by the invention can simultaneously acquire image data on two sides of target crop seeds such as corn seeds, realizes high-flux acquisition of internal and external information of the seeds by additionally arranging the spectrum acquisition system, solves the problem of incomplete acquisition of the existing seed information, expands the data range for subsequent high-quality seed sorting, provides a more solid data analysis foundation, and improves the precision and efficiency of seed sorting.
Further, in an embodiment, the spectrum collecting system may further specifically include:
and the light source control module is connected with the lighting optical fiber interface 19 on the spectrum acquisition system and is used for providing a light source for the spectrum acquisition system.
Optionally, the spectrum acquisition system comprises a light source control module, a spectrometer, an optical fiber and the like, the light source control module provides a light source for the spectrum acquisition system through the optical fiber, and the data acquisition of the visible/near infrared (400-1000 nm) and near infrared (900-1700 nm) spectrums of the target crop seeds is realized by changing the wave band and the spectrum sensor of the light source control module.
According to the seed quality online detection device provided by the invention, the light source control module provided by the invention is used for providing light sources with different wave bands for the spectrum acquisition system, so that the acquisition of the spectrum data of the target crop seeds with different wave bands is realized.
Further, in an embodiment, the apparatus may further specifically include:
the singlechip is connected with the photoelectric sensor and used for sending a spectrum acquisition signal to the upper computer through serial port communication after receiving a photoelectric signal sent by the photoelectric sensor;
and the upper computer is connected with the singlechip and is used for displaying the spectrum data in real time according to the spectrum acquisition signal.
Further, in an embodiment, the upper computer may specifically include:
and the spectrum acquisition software is used for displaying the spectrum data in real time according to the spectrum acquisition signal, and is compiled based on LabVIEW.
Optionally, the photoelectric sensor is connected to the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer sends a spectrum acquisition signal to the upper computer through serial port communication after receiving the photoelectric signal in a triggering mode, and the spectrum acquisition software is compiled by adopting LabVIEW software and displays acquired spectrum data in real time. At this time, the collection of the external image information and the internal spectrum information of the seed-1 is completed, and the collection flow of the subsequent seeds is the same as that of the seed 1.
It should be noted that, in the image acquisition process, the images acquired by the CCD camera-1 correspond to the serial numbers of the seeds, i.e., the first image is a seed-1 single-side image, the second image is a seed-2 single-side image, and so on. The serial number of the image collected by the CCD camera-2 corresponding to the seed is that the first image is empty, the second image is the image on the other side of the seed-1, the third image is the image on the other side of the seed 2, and so on.
After the image collection is completed, the seeds-1 fall into the spectrum collection system, enter the internal glass pipeline of the spectrum collection system through a funnel 14 (see fig. 3) fixed above, the seeds 1 slide down along the inside of the spectrum collection system from top to bottom, detection optical fibers are placed on two sides of the central axis of the internal glass pipeline and used for obtaining spectrum information when the seeds pass through the inside of the pipeline, the detection optical fibers are Y-shaped optical fibers, and the other end of the detection optical fibers is connected with a spectrometer. The photoelectric sensor is connected with the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer sends a spectrum acquisition signal to the upper computer through serial port communication after receiving the photoelectric signal in a triggering mode, and the spectrum acquisition software is compiled by LabVIEW software and displays acquired spectrum data in real time.
The online detection device for the seed quality provided by the invention realizes online continuous acquisition of images on two sides of embryo and endosperm of a single corn seed, extracts image texture characteristics based on the images on the two sides, and identifies characteristics of the seed such as mildew, plumpness, worm damage and the like by combining a machine learning algorithm so as to screen out unqualified seeds. In a specific example of the mildew test, 400 corn seeds are tested, the variety thereof is Jingke 968, wherein 205 mildew seeds are tested, and 195 qualified seeds are tested. 400 seeds are randomly disturbed, 300 seeds are used for training a convolutional neural network model, the remaining 100 seeds are used for verifying the effect, through experimental comparison and analysis, the identification rate of the mildewed seeds can reach 94% by using images on two sides and is 5% higher than the identification rate by using images on one side, and the result shows that the method is effective.
The spectrum acquisition system based on the device can also complete protein detection, the detection objects are 240 corn seeds, the variety is Beijing Ke 968, 180 corn seeds are used for establishing a machine learning model, and the rest 60 corn seeds are used for verifying the validity of the model. The wavelength band of the spectrometer carried in this embodiment is 900-1700nm, the time for the sample to pass through the spectrum detection system is 130ms, and the acquired spectrum data is shown in fig. 5. The protein content (GPC) of single-Grain corn is measured by a conventional method, and the Absolute protein content (Absolute GPC, ab _ GPC) is obtained according to the following formula:
Ab_GPC＝GPC×m
where m is the sample mass.
The statistical results of the physicochemical values of the calibration set and the test set are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Based on the obtained spectral data and physicochemical data, a Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) model was established, and the prediction results of protein and absolute protein content are shown in table 2. Using correlation coefficient (R) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as an estimate of model performanceIndex, therefore R c ，R cv And R p Respectively the correlation coefficients of the correction set, the cross validation set and the prediction set; RMSEC, RMSECV and RMSEP are the root mean square errors of the correction, cross-validation and prediction sets, respectively. The calculation formulas of the correlation coefficient (R) and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are shown below.
Where n is the number of samples, y pi And y mi Respectively a predicted value and a real measured value of the physicochemical value; y is mean Is the average value of the physical and chemical values of the sample set.
The results show that the rapid nondestructive detection of the protein and absolute protein content of the single corn seed can be realized based on the invention. Besides protein, the module is also suitable for rapid detection of the contents of seed moisture, starch and the like.
TABLE 2
The online seed quality detection device provided by the invention can realize the acquisition of bilateral images and spectral data of target crop seeds, has a simple structure, is easy to control, has high automation degree, and can replace different light source modules to meet different information acquisition requirements.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for on-line detecting seed quality, comprising:
a seed delivery system for delivering target crop seeds;
the seed overturning system is used for overturning the target crop seeds when the target crop seeds meet overturning triggering conditions;
the image acquisition system comprises a first camera and a second camera, the first camera is installed above a diffuse reflection infrared switch in the seed turnover system and used for acquiring first side image data of the target crop seeds when the seed conveying system conveys the target crop seeds to a detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch, and the diffuse reflection infrared switch is installed on the side of the conveying belt;
the second camera is arranged above a seed overturning device in the seed overturning system and used for collecting second side image data of the overturned target crop seeds after the target crop seeds in an overturning groove in the seed overturning device are overturned, the seed overturning device is arranged at the tail end of a seed sliding plate, and the seed sliding plate is arranged at the tail end of the conveying belt;
the spectrum acquisition system is arranged below the seed turnover device and used for acquiring spectrum data of the target crop seeds;
wherein the target crop seeds in the overturning groove overturn when the overturning triggering condition is met.
2. The online seed quality detection device of claim 1, wherein the rollover trigger condition comprises:
the seed conveying system conveys the target crop seeds in the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch into the turnover groove, and the seed conveying system conveys the next target crop seeds to the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch.
3. The on-line seed quality detection device of claim 1, wherein the second camera acquires the second-side image data after delaying a preset shooting time.
4. The online seed quality detection device of claim 1, wherein the seed turnover system further comprises:
and the stepping motor is used for overturning the target crop seeds in the overturning groove when the seed conveying system conveys the next target crop seeds to the detection area of the diffuse reflection infrared switch.
5. The on-line seed quality detection device of claim 1, wherein the spectrum collection system comprises:
the detection optical fiber is arranged in an inner pipeline of the spectrum acquisition system and is used for transmitting the spectrum information of the target crop seeds in the inner pipeline to a spectrometer when the overturning groove overturns the target crop seeds to the inner pipeline;
and the spectrometer is connected with the detection optical fiber and is used for determining the spectral data according to the spectral information and the integration time for acquiring the spectral information.
6. The on-line seed quality detection device of claim 5, wherein the integration time of the spectral information collection is determined according to a first time when the target crop seed slides into the inner pipe and a second time when the target crop seed slides out of the inner pipe, which are recorded by a photoelectric sensor in the spectral collection system.
7. The on-line seed quality detection device of claim 1, wherein the spectrum collection system further comprises:
and the light source control module is connected with the lighting optical fiber interface on the spectrum acquisition system and is used for providing a light source for the spectrum acquisition system.
8. The on-line seed quality detection device of claim 2, wherein the first camera and the second camera are both CCD cameras.
9. The online seed quality detection device of claim 6, further comprising:
the singlechip is connected with the photoelectric sensor and used for sending a spectrum acquisition signal to an upper computer through serial port communication after receiving a photoelectric signal sent by the photoelectric sensor;
and the upper computer is connected with the single chip microcomputer and is used for displaying the spectrum data in real time according to the spectrum acquisition signal.
10. The online seed quality detection device of claim 9, wherein the upper computer comprises:
and the spectrum acquisition software is used for displaying the spectrum data in real time according to the spectrum acquisition signal, and is compiled based on Labview.
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