CN115412893B - Low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and low-power-consumption Bluetooth system - Google Patents

Low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and low-power-consumption Bluetooth system Download PDF

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CN115412893B
CN115412893B CN202211276449.1A CN202211276449A CN115412893B CN 115412893 B CN115412893 B CN 115412893B CN 202211276449 A CN202211276449 A CN 202211276449A CN 115412893 B CN115412893 B CN 115412893B
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value
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CN115412893A (en
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张大春
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Chengdu Analog Circuit Technology Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/22—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
    • G06F16/2282—Tablespace storage structures; Management thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/24—Querying
    • G06F16/245—Query processing
    • G06F16/2455—Query execution
    • G06F16/24552—Database cache management
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-power consumption Bluetooth attribute access method, and relates to the technical field of low-power consumption Bluetooth. The method comprises the following steps: s1, a server receives attribute protocol information; s2, analyzing to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information; s3, searching corresponding attributes in a cache table: if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table, performing step S4; if the corresponding attribute is not found in the cache table, the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table, if the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table, the attribute is updated to the cache table, and step S4 is performed; if the corresponding attribute is not found in the attribute table, the client error information is replied, and the process is ended; s4, checking whether the request authority meets the requirement: if the requirements are met, reporting the corresponding attributes to an upper user, sending response information to the client, and ending the flow; if the requirements are not met, the error information of the client is replied, and the process is ended.

Description

Low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and low-power-consumption Bluetooth system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-power consumption Bluetooth, in particular to a low-power consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and a low-power consumption Bluetooth system.
Background
In bluetooth low energy systems, after a link is established between devices, it is generally necessary to access the Attribute (Attribute) of the peer device through an Attribute protocol (Attribute Protocol). 2 roles are defined in the attribute protocol, one is a Server (Server) and one is a Client (Client), the Server provides a group of attributes, the Client accesses the attributes of the Server through the attribute protocol, and when the Server receives an attribute protocol request of the Client, the Server needs to traverse all the attributes to find the corresponding attributes, execute the corresponding operation and respond to the request.
In a resource constrained low power bluetooth on-chip system, there is less internal memory (on-chip RAM) resources. Static attribute tables of a large amount of data are usually placed in an external memory (external flash or external EEPROM), but the speed of accessing the external memory by a processor is slow, and the time consumption tends to reach the millisecond level when traversing the attribute tables; meanwhile, when the attributes of the server are more and the client side frequently requests the attribute protocol, the server needs to spend a great deal of time to traverse all the attributes each time, which can seriously affect the access speed of the attribute protocol.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and a low-power-consumption Bluetooth system, aiming at increasing the access speed of an attribute protocol in the Bluetooth system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a low-power consumption bluetooth attribute access method, comprising the following steps:
s1, a server receives attribute protocol information;
s2, analyzing the attribute protocol information to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information;
s3, searching corresponding attributes in a cache table according to the attribute handle obtained through analysis:
if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table, performing step S4;
if the corresponding attribute is not found in the cache table, the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table according to the attribute handle, and if the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table, the attribute is updated to the cache table, and step S4 is performed; if the corresponding attribute is not found in the attribute table, the client error information is replied, and the process is ended;
s4, checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement:
if the request authority meets the requirement, reporting the corresponding attribute to an upper user, sending response information to the client, and ending the flow;
if the request authority does not meet the requirement, the client error information is replied, and the process is ended.
Preferably, the updating of the cache table further includes:
s3-1, when the attribute is newly added to the cache table, adding the newly added attribute to the tail of a queue of the cache table, and presetting the weight value to 0;
s3-2, adding 1 to the weight value of the accessed attribute when accessing the attribute in the cache table each time;
s3-3, comparing the accessed attribute with the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item, and if the weight value of the accessed attribute is larger than the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item, exchanging the positions of the accessed attribute and the accessed attribute in the cache table.
Preferably, the step S3-1 further comprises:
judging whether the current cache table is full: if the cache table is not full, adding the newly added attribute to the tail of the cache table; if the cache table is full, the newly added attribute is replaced with the attribute at the tail of the cache table.
Preferably, a maximum value of the weight of the attribute is preset, and if the weight value of the currently accessed attribute is equal to the maximum value, the weight value of the attribute is not increased any more.
Preferably, the number of times of accessing the cache table is counted, when the count value of the number of times of accessing reaches a preset value, the attributes in the cache table are orderly sequenced from big to small according to the weight value, and the current weight value of the attributes in the cache table is respectively reduced by 1/2; and resetting the count value of the access times of the cache table to zero and re-counting.
Preferably, the attribute protocol information includes: read request information, write command information.
Preferably, checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information satisfies the requirement further includes:
and checking whether the request authority of the corresponding attribute protocol information meets the agreement in the attribute protocol according to the attribute type and attribute authority of the attribute.
Preferably, the attribute table is used for storing all attributes of the server, and the capacity of the cache table is smaller than that of the attribute table.
Preferably, the invention also provides a low-power consumption Bluetooth system, which comprises a server and a client, wherein after the server and the client are connected, the opposite terminal equipment is accessed through the method and the attribute protocol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the technical scheme, the cache table is preset in the server, when the attribute protocol information is received, the corresponding attribute is searched in the cache table, so that the time for searching the attribute can be reduced, and the access speed of the attribute protocol can be greatly improved;
(2) The weight value is set for the attribute in the cache table, the cache table is dynamically adjusted according to the size of the attribute weight value in the cache table, the weight value of the attribute is increased along with the increase of the number of accessed times of the attribute, the attribute with high access frequency can move to the head of the cache table once, and the attribute to be searched can be hit more quickly;
(3) After the technical scheme of the invention is used, the single-point data operation is represented by continuous attribute protocol access to the same attribute, the data access speed is improved by searching the attribute from the cache table, and the data throughput rate is greatly improved, so that the transmission of a large amount of data is ensured, the transmission time is greatly shortened, more time is provided for the low-power-consumption Bluetooth equipment to be in a low-power-consumption state, and the standby time of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth product is prolonged;
(4) In the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system, the attribute is searched by adding the cache table, so that the data access speed of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system can be obviously improved, the application instantaneity is improved, the user experience is improved, the data transmission throughput rate of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system is improved, the low-power-consumption Bluetooth device has more time in a low-power-consumption state, and the standby time of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth product is prolonged.
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Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a low-power consumption bluetooth attribute access method in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for updating a cache table in the low-power consumption bluetooth attribute access method according to an embodiment of the invention.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A low-power consumption Bluetooth attribute access method, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
s1, the server receives attribute protocol information.
In the bluetooth transmission protocol, the attribute protocol defines 2 roles, a server, and a client. The server provides a set of attributes and the client accesses the server's attributes via an attribute protocol.
S2, analyzing the attribute protocol information to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information.
It should be noted that, one Attribute protocol information is composed of an Attribute Handle (Attribute Handle), an Attribute Type (Attribute Type), an Attribute authority (Attribute Permissions), and an Attribute Value (Attribute Value). The attribute handle is a 16bit value, which uniquely identifies an attribute on the server, the client can read and write the attribute of the server through the attribute handle, and the server can inform and instruct the client through the attribute handle; the attribute type is a 128-bit Universal Unique Identifier (UUID), and the attribute type comprises main service, reference service, characteristic value, characteristic description and the like; the attribute authority defines the accessibility authority of the attribute, including readable, writable, encrypted and authenticated; the attribute value is an array of variable length defined by the attribute type.
The attribute protocol defines mainly the following protocols: read Request (Read Request), read Response (Read Response), write Request (Write Request), write Response (Write Response), write Command (Write communication), notification (Notification), indication (Indication), and acknowledgement (Confirm); the client sends a read request to the server, the server needs to respond a read response, the read request content comprises an attribute handle, and the read response content comprises an attribute value of the attribute handle; the client sends a write request to the server, the server needs to respond a write response, the write request content comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle, and the write response content comprises whether the write request operation is successfully executed or not; the client sends a write command to the server, and the server does not need to respond, wherein the write command content comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle; the server sends a notice to the client, and the client does not need to respond, wherein the notice content comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle; the server sends an indication to the client that the client needs to respond to a confirmation indicating that the content contains an attribute handle and an attribute value for the attribute handle.
S3, searching corresponding attributes in a cache table according to the attribute handle obtained through analysis:
if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table, step S4 is performed;
if the corresponding attribute is not found in the cache table, the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table according to the attribute handle, if the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table, the attribute is updated to the cache table, and step S4 is performed; if the attribute table does not have the corresponding attribute, replying the error information of the client and ending the flow;
in a specific embodiment, the attribute table is used to store all the attributes of the server, and the capacity of the cache table is smaller than the capacity of the attribute table. Specifically, in order to increase the access speed, a cache table is added in the access process of the attribute protocol, wherein the cache table is a subset of the attribute table, and the capacity of the cache table can be flexibly configured according to an upper user.
It should be noted that, in the low-power bluetooth on-chip system with limited resources, the internal memory resources are fewer, the attribute table is usually placed in the external memory, the speed of the processor accessing the external memory is slower, and the time consumption is often up to millisecond level when traversing the attribute table. The cache table of the small data is placed in the internal memory of the system, the occupied space is small, the speed of the processor accessing the internal memory is extremely high, and the speed of traversing the cache table is below microsecond level. Therefore, in the access process of the attribute protocol, the attribute is searched from the cache table and is exponentially improved compared with the attribute is searched from the attribute table.
As shown in fig. 2, in a specific embodiment, the updating of the cache table includes the steps of:
s3-1, when the attribute is newly added to the cache table, adding the newly added attribute to the tail end of a queue of the cache table, and presetting the weight value to 0.
Specifically, before adding the new attribute to the end of the queue of the cache table, determining whether the current cache table is full: if the cache table is not full, adding the newly added attribute to the tail of the cache table; if the cache table is full, the newly added attribute is replaced with the attribute at the tail of the cache table.
S3-2, adding 1 to the weight value of the accessed attribute every time the attribute in the cache table is accessed.
Specifically, a maximum value of the weight of the attribute is preset, and if the weight of the currently accessed attribute is equal to the maximum value, the weight of the attribute is not increased any more.
It should be noted that, in a specific embodiment, the maximum value of the weight is preset to N (N > 0), and when the weight value of the attribute is equal to N, the weight value of the attribute is not increased any more. The value of N can be determined according to specific practical conditions. Because the cache table is stored in the internal memory of the system, the space is saved as much as possible under the condition of meeting the use requirement, and the maximum value is required to be set so as to ensure the smooth operation of the system.
S3-3, comparing the accessed attribute with the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item, and if the weight value of the accessed attribute is larger than the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item, exchanging the positions of the accessed attribute and the accessed attribute in the cache table.
Specifically, if the weight value of the accessed attribute is greater than the weight value in the previous table entry, the accessed attribute moves to the top of the cache table once; if the weight value of the accessed attribute is smaller than or equal to the weight value of the attribute in the previous table entry, the accessed attribute and the accessed attribute do not need to be exchanged, i.e. the position of the accessed attribute in the cache table is not moved. It should be noted that, when the attribute in the cache table is dynamically adjusted, the accessed attribute is only required to be compared with the weight value of the attribute of the previous table item once, so that when the adjustment is performed, the execution speed is higher, the excessive comparison times caused by more attributes with equal weights can be avoided, meanwhile, the priority of the previous item is ensured, and the weight value is prevented from being greatly moved to the top of the cache table after being added with 1.
It should be noted that, when searching the corresponding attribute in the cache table according to the attribute handle obtained by parsing, the attribute is searched in the cache table in sequence, in order to make the attribute with high access frequency hit quickly during searching, the attribute with high access frequency should be at the head of the cache table as much as possible, and the attribute with less access is at the end of the queue of the cache table. The access of the attribute is a dynamic process, and the accessed attribute is different in different scenes or different time periods, so that the cache table is required to be dynamically adjusted. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the buffer table is dynamically adjusted according to the size of the attribute weight value in the buffer table, and as the number of times that the attribute is accessed increases, the weight value of the attribute also increases, so that the attribute with high access frequency can move to the head of the buffer table once and once, and the buffer table can hit the attribute to be searched more quickly.
In a specific embodiment, dynamically adjusting the weights of the attributes stored in the cache table further includes:
counting the access times of the cache table, wherein the count starts from 0, and the count of the cache table is increased by 1 every time the cache table is accessed; when the count value of the access times reaches a preset value M (M > 0), the attributes in the cache table are orderly sequenced from big to small according to the weight values, the attribute with the highest weight value is arranged at the top of the cache table, the attribute with the lowest weight value is arranged at the tail of the queue, the weight values of all the attributes in the cache table are reduced to 1/2 of the original weight, and meanwhile, the access times of the cache table are counted to zero and re-counted.
It should be noted that, the value of the count value M of the access times is not limited, and the cache table entry total number and the weight value N of the attribute can be adjusted. The cache table is counted, and the weight is properly reduced, so that the situation that all the weight values of the attributes in the cache table are N and the cache table is not adjusted is avoided.
S4, checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement:
if the request authority meets the requirement, reporting the corresponding attribute to an upper user, sending response information to the client, and ending the flow; if the request authority does not meet the requirement, the client error information is replied, and the process is ended.
It should be noted that, each attribute of the server has definition authority, such as read, write, and write commands; when the client requests to write a read-only server, judging that the authority does not meet the requirement, and ending the flow. The attribute protocol is intended to exchange data, i.e. attribute values, with the upper layer user (or upper layer application) being the final destination of the data.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the cache table is preset in the server, when the attribute protocol information is received, the corresponding attribute is searched in the cache table, so that the time for searching the attribute can be reduced, and the access speed of the attribute protocol can be greatly improved.
In a specific embodiment, because the space required by the cache table is small, the cache table is stored in the internal memory of the system, the speed of the processor accessing the internal memory is extremely high, and the speed of traversing the cache table is less than microsecond. Therefore, in the access process of the attribute protocol, the speed of searching the attribute from the cache table is exponentially improved compared with the speed of searching the attribute from the attribute table.
In man-machine interaction products with low-power consumption and wide application range, the response speed can influence the user experience. For example, when a user presses a key or moves a mouse, data information is sent to the opposite terminal equipment through the interface of the low-power Bluetooth system and responds, and the higher the instantaneity of the process is, the better the user experience is. After the technical scheme of the invention is used, the data access speed is improved by searching the attribute from the cache table, the real-time performance of data interaction is obviously improved, and the user experience is better;
in addition, in the data transparent transmission products and the internet of things products which are widely applied to the low-power consumption Bluetooth system, more scenes are single-point burst transmission of data, namely, the transmission capacity of one data suddenly increases, and in order to enable the data to be rapidly transmitted to opposite-end equipment without losing the data, the higher the throughput rate of the data is required to be, the better the throughput rate of the data is. After the technical scheme of the invention is used, the single-point data operation is represented by continuous attribute protocol access to the same attribute, the data access speed is improved by searching the attribute from the cache table, and the data throughput rate is greatly improved, so that the transmission of a large amount of data is ensured, the transmission time is greatly shortened, the low-power Bluetooth equipment has more time in a low-power state, and the standby time of the low-power Bluetooth product is prolonged.
In general, in the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system, the attribute is searched by adding the cache table, so that the data access speed of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system can be obviously improved, the application instantaneity is improved, the user experience is improved, the data transmission throughput rate of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system is improved, the low-power-consumption Bluetooth device has more time in a low-power-consumption state, and the standby time of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth product is prolonged.
In a specific embodiment, the attribute protocol information includes: read request information, write command information.
In other embodiments, after the server receives the attribute protocol information, the server responds to a message, specifically: when a client sends a piece of read request information to a server, the server needs to respond a piece of read response information, the read request information comprises an attribute handle, and the read response information comprises an attribute value of the attribute handle;
when a client sends a piece of writing request information to a server, the server needs to respond to a piece of writing response information, wherein the writing request information content comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle, and whether writing operation corresponding to the writing request information is successfully executed or not;
when the client sends a piece of writing command information to the server, the server does not need to respond, and the writing command information content comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle;
the server sends a notice to the client, the client does not need to respond, and the notice content comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle; the server sends an indication to the client that the client needs to respond to a confirmation indicating that the content contains an attribute handle and an attribute value for the attribute handle.
Analyzing the attribute protocol information to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information, and searching a corresponding attribute in a cache table according to the analyzed attribute handle. Specifically, the buffer table is a subset of the attribute table, and the size of the buffer table can be flexibly configured by an upper layer user.
Specifically, if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table or the attribute table, checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement further includes: and checking whether the request authority of the corresponding attribute protocol information meets the agreement in the attribute protocol according to the attribute type and attribute authority of the attribute.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a low-power consumption Bluetooth system which comprises a server and a client, wherein after the server and the client are connected, the opposite terminal equipment is accessed through the method and the attribute protocol.
It should be understood that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions of the present invention and the accompanying drawings, or direct or indirect application in other relevant technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The low-power consumption Bluetooth attribute access method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, a server receives attribute protocol information;
s2, analyzing the attribute protocol information to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information;
s3, searching corresponding attributes in a cache table according to the attribute handle obtained through analysis:
if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table, performing step S4;
if the corresponding attribute is not found in the cache table, the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table according to the attribute handle, and if the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table, the attribute is updated to the cache table, and step S4 is performed; if the corresponding attribute is not found in the attribute table, the client error information is replied, and the process is ended; the attribute table is used for storing all the attributes of the server, the capacity of the cache table is smaller than that of the attribute table, and the cache table is arranged in the internal memory;
s3-1, when the attribute is newly added to the cache table, adding the newly added attribute to the tail of a queue of the cache table, and presetting the weight value to 0;
s3-2, adding 1 to the weight value of the accessed attribute when accessing the attribute in the cache table each time;
s3-3, comparing the accessed attribute with the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item, and if the weight value of the accessed attribute is larger than the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item, exchanging the positions of the accessed attribute and the weight value of the attribute in the cache table;
s4, checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement:
if the request authority meets the requirement, reporting the corresponding attribute to an upper user, sending response information to the client, and ending the flow;
if the request authority does not meet the requirement, the client error information is replied, and the process is ended.
2. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3-1 further comprises:
judging whether the current cache table is full: if the cache table is not full, adding the newly added attribute to the tail of the cache table; if the cache table is full, the newly added attribute is replaced with the attribute at the tail of the cache table.
3. The method for accessing bluetooth low energy (bluetooth) attribute according to claim 2, wherein a maximum value of the weight of the attribute is preset, and if the weight of the currently accessed attribute is equal to the maximum value, the weight of the attribute is not increased any more.
4. The low-power consumption bluetooth attribute access method according to claim 2, wherein the number of times of accessing the cache table is counted, and when the count value of the number of times of access reaches a preset value, the attributes in the cache table are sequentially ordered from big to small according to the weight value, and the current weight value of the attributes in the cache table is reduced by 1/2 respectively; and resetting the count value of the access times of the cache table to zero and re-counting.
5. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method according to claim 1, wherein the attribute protocol information includes: read request information, write command information.
6. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method according to claim 5, wherein checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information satisfies a demand further comprises:
and checking whether the authority of the corresponding attribute protocol information meets the agreement in the attribute protocol according to the attribute type and attribute authority of the attribute.
7. A bluetooth low energy system comprising a server and a client, wherein after a connection is established between the server and the client, a peer device is accessed by a method and an attribute protocol according to any of claims 1 to 6.
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