CN115412893A - Low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and low-power-consumption Bluetooth system - Google Patents

Low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and low-power-consumption Bluetooth system Download PDF

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CN115412893A
CN115412893A CN202211276449.1A CN202211276449A CN115412893A CN 115412893 A CN115412893 A CN 115412893A CN 202211276449 A CN202211276449 A CN 202211276449A CN 115412893 A CN115412893 A CN 115412893A
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attribute
cache table
client
value
access method
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CN115412893B (en
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张大春
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Chengdu Analog Circuit Technology Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/22—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
    • G06F16/2282—Tablespace storage structures; Management thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/24—Querying
    • G06F16/245—Query processing
    • G06F16/2455—Query execution
    • G06F16/24552—Database cache management
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method, and relates to the technical field of low-power-consumption Bluetooth. The method comprises the following steps: s1, a server receives attribute protocol information; s2, analyzing to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information; s3, searching corresponding attributes in a cache table: if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table, performing step S4; if the corresponding attribute is not found in the cache table, the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table, if the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table, the attribute is updated to the cache table, and step S4 is carried out; if the corresponding attribute is not found in the attribute table, replying the error information of the client and ending the process; s4, checking whether the request authority meets the requirement: if the requirements are met, reporting the corresponding attributes to an upper-layer user, sending response information to the client and ending the process; if the requirement is not met, replying error information of the client and ending the process.

Description

Low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and low-power-consumption Bluetooth system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-power-consumption Bluetooth, in particular to a low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and a low-power-consumption Bluetooth system.
Background
In the bluetooth low energy system, after a link is established between devices, an Attribute Protocol (Attribute Protocol) is generally required to access an Attribute (Attribute) of a peer device. The method comprises the steps that 2 roles are defined in an attribute protocol, one role is a Server (Server), the other role is a Client (Client), the Server provides a group of attributes, the Client accesses the attributes of the Server through the attribute protocol, when the Server receives an attribute protocol request of the Client, all the attributes need to be traversed to find the corresponding attributes, corresponding operation is executed, and the request is responded.
In resource-constrained bluetooth low energy system on chip, there are fewer internal memory (on-chip RAM) resources. Static attribute tables of a large amount of data are usually placed in an external memory (external flash or external EEPROM), but the speed of accessing the external memory by a processor is slow, and the time consumption is often in the millisecond level when traversing the attribute tables; meanwhile, when the attributes of the server are more and the client requests the attribute protocol frequently, the server needs to spend a lot of time to traverse all the attributes every time when requesting, which can seriously affect the access speed of the attribute protocol.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a low-power-consumption Bluetooth attribute access method and a low-power-consumption Bluetooth system, and aims to increase the attribute protocol access speed in the Bluetooth system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bluetooth low energy attribute access method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, a server receives attribute protocol information;
s2, analyzing the attribute protocol information to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information;
s3, searching corresponding attributes in a cache table according to the attribute handles obtained through analysis:
if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table, performing step S4;
if the corresponding attribute is not found in the cache table, searching the corresponding attribute in the attribute table according to the attribute handle, if the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table, updating the attribute into the cache table, and performing step S4; if the corresponding attribute is not found in the attribute table, replying error information of the client and ending the process;
s4, checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement:
if the request authority meets the requirements, reporting the corresponding attributes to an upper layer user, sending response information to the client and ending the process;
and if the request authority does not meet the requirement, replying error information of the client and ending the process.
Preferably, the updating of the cache table further comprises:
s3-1, when the new attribute is added to the cache table, adding the new attribute to the tail of the queue of the cache table, and presetting the weight value of the new attribute to 0;
s3-2, adding 1 to the weight value of the accessed attribute when the attribute in the cache table is accessed each time;
and S3-3, comparing the accessed attribute with the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item, and exchanging the positions of the accessed attribute and the attribute in the cache table if the weight value of the accessed attribute is greater than the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item.
Preferably, the step S3-1 further includes:
judging whether the current cache table is full: if the cache table is not full, adding the newly added attribute to the tail of the cache table; and if the cache table is full, replacing the attribute at the tail end of the cache table with the newly added attribute.
Preferably, a maximum value of the weight of the attribute is preset, and if the weight value of the currently accessed attribute is equal to the maximum value, the weight value of the attribute is not increased.
Preferably, the number of times of accessing the cache table is counted, when the count value of the number of times of accessing reaches a preset value, the attributes in the cache table are sequentially sorted from large to small according to the weight values of the attributes, and the current weight values of the attributes in the cache table are respectively reduced by 1/2; and then, the counting value of the access times of the cache table is reset to zero and is counted again.
Preferably, the attribute protocol information includes: read request information, write command information.
Preferably, the checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement further comprises:
and checking whether the request permission corresponding to the attribute protocol information meets the convention in the attribute protocol according to the attribute type and the attribute permission of the attribute.
Preferably, the attribute table is used for storing all attributes of the server, and the capacity of the cache table is smaller than that of the attribute table.
Preferably, the present invention further provides a bluetooth low energy system, which includes a server and a client, and after the server and the client establish a connection, the peer device is accessed through the method and the attribute protocol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the technical scheme, the cache table is preset in the server, and when the attribute protocol information is received, the corresponding attribute is searched in the cache table, so that the time for searching the attribute can be shortened, and the access speed of the attribute protocol can be greatly improved;
(2) Setting a weight value for the attribute in the cache table, dynamically adjusting the cache table according to the weight value of the attribute in the cache table, wherein the weight value of the attribute is increased along with the increase of the number of times of accessing the attribute, the attribute with high access frequency moves to the head of the cache table again and again, and the attribute to be searched can be hit more quickly;
(3) After the technical scheme is used, the single-point data operation is represented as continuous attribute protocol access on the same attribute, the data access speed is improved by searching the attribute from the cache table, and the data throughput rate is finally greatly improved, so that the transmission of a large amount of data is ensured, the transmission time is greatly shortened, the low-power-consumption Bluetooth device has more time to be in a low-power-consumption state, and the standby time of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth product is prolonged;
(4) In the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system, the attribute is searched by adding the cache table, the data access speed of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system can be obviously improved, the application real-time performance is improved, the user experience is improved, the data transmission throughput rate of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system is improved, the low-power-consumption Bluetooth device is enabled to have more time to be in a low-power-consumption state, and the standby time of a low-power-consumption Bluetooth product is prolonged.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a bluetooth low energy attribute access method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for updating a cache table in a bluetooth low energy attribute access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A bluetooth low energy attribute access method, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, the server receives attribute protocol information.
It should be noted that in the bluetooth transport protocol, the attribute protocol defines 2 roles, one server and one client. The server provides a set of attributes, and the client accesses the attributes of the server through an attribute protocol.
S2, analyzing the attribute protocol information to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information.
It should be noted that one Attribute protocol message is composed of an Attribute Handle (Attribute Handle), an Attribute Type (Attribute Type), an Attribute authority (Attribute Permissions), and an Attribute Value (Attribute Value). The attribute handle is a 16-bit value, which uniquely identifies an attribute on the server, the client can read and write the attribute of the server through the attribute handle, and the server can notify and indicate the client through the attribute handle; the attribute type is a 128-bit Universal Unique Identifier (UUID), and the attribute type comprises main service, reference service, characteristics, characteristic values, characteristic description and the like; the attribute authority defines the accessibility authority of the attribute, and comprises reading, writing, encryption and authentication; the attribute value is an array of variable length defined by the attribute type.
The attribute protocol mainly defines the following protocols: read Request (Read Request), read Response (Read Response), write Request (Write Request), write back Response (Write Response), write Command (Write Command), notification (Notification), indication (Indication), and acknowledgement (Confirm); the client sends a read request to the server, the server needs to respond to a read response, the content of the read request comprises an attribute handle, and the content of the read response comprises an attribute value of the attribute handle; the client sends a write request to the server, the server needs to respond a write response, the content of the write request comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle, and the content of the write response comprises whether the write request operation is successfully executed or not; the client sends a write command to the server, the server does not need to respond, and the content of the write command comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle; the server sends a notification to the client, the client does not need to respond, and the notification content comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle; the server sends an indication to the client, and the client needs to respond to a confirmation, and the indication content contains an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle.
S3, searching corresponding attributes in a cache table according to the attribute handles obtained through analysis:
if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table, performing step S4;
if the corresponding attribute is not found in the cache table, searching the corresponding attribute in the attribute table according to the attribute handle, if the attribute table has the corresponding attribute, updating the attribute into the cache table, and performing step S4; if the attribute table has no corresponding attribute, replying the error message of the client and ending the process;
in a specific embodiment, the attribute table is used for storing all the attributes of the server, and the capacity of the cache table is smaller than that of the attribute table. Specifically, in order to increase the access speed, a cache table is added in the access process of the attribute protocol, the cache table is a subset of the attribute table, and the capacity size of the cache table can be flexibly configured according to an upper-layer user.
It should be noted that in the resource-limited bluetooth low energy system on chip, the internal memory resources are less, the attribute table is usually placed in the external memory, the speed of the processor accessing the external memory is slower, and the time consumption is often in the millisecond level when traversing the attribute table. The cache table of the small data is placed in the internal memory of the system, the occupied space is small, the speed of the processor accessing the internal memory is extremely high, and the speed of traversing the cache table is below microsecond level. Therefore, in the access process of the attribute protocol, the attribute is looked up from the cache table rather than the attribute from the attribute table, and the index-level speed is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, in a specific embodiment, the updating of the cache table includes the following steps:
s3-1, when the attribute is added to the cache table, adding the added attribute to the tail of the queue of the cache table, and presetting the weight value of the added attribute to 0.
Specifically, adding the new attribute to the front of the queue end of the cache table further includes determining whether the current cache table is full: if the cache table is not full, adding the newly added attribute to the tail of the cache table; and if the cache table is full, replacing the attribute at the tail end of the cache table with the newly added attribute.
And S3-2, adding 1 to the weight value of the accessed attribute when the attribute in the cache table is accessed every time.
Specifically, a maximum value of the weight of the attribute is preset, and if the weight value of the currently accessed attribute is equal to the maximum value, the weight value of the attribute is not increased any more.
It should be noted that, in a specific embodiment, the maximum value of the weight is preset to N (N > 0), and when the weight value of an attribute is equal to N, the weight value of the attribute is not increased. The value of N can be determined according to specific practical situations. Since the cache table is stored in the internal memory of the system, the space is saved as much as possible under the condition of satisfying the use, and the maximum value needs to be set to ensure the smooth operation of the system.
And S3-3, comparing the accessed attribute with the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item, and exchanging the positions of the accessed attribute and the attribute in the cache table if the weight value of the accessed attribute is greater than the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item.
Specifically, if the weight value of the accessed attribute is greater than the weight value in the previous table entry, the accessed attribute moves to the top of the cache table once; if the weight value of the accessed attribute is less than or equal to the weight value of the attribute in the previous table entry, the two items do not need to be exchanged, that is, the position of the accessed attribute in the cache table does not move. It should be noted that, when the attribute in the cache table is dynamically adjusted, the accessed attribute only needs to be compared with the weight value of the attribute of the previous entry once, so that when the attribute is adjusted, the execution speed is high, the problem that the number of comparison times is too large due to more attributes with equal weight can be avoided, the priority of the previous entry is also ensured, and the attribute cannot be greatly moved to the top of the cache table by adding 1 to the weight value.
It should be noted that, when searching for a corresponding attribute in the cache table according to the attribute handle obtained through analysis, the attribute search in the cache table is sequential search, and in order to enable the attribute with high access frequency to be quickly hit during search, the attribute with high access frequency should be at the head of the cache table as much as possible, and the attribute with less access should be at the end of the queue of the cache table. The attribute access is a dynamic process, and the accessed attribute is different in different scenes or different time periods, which requires that the cache table can be dynamically adjusted. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the cache table is dynamically adjusted according to the weight value of the attribute in the cache table, and the weight value of the attribute is increased along with the increase of the number of times of accessing the attribute, so that the attribute with high access frequency moves to the head of the cache table for one time, and the cache table can quickly hit the attribute to be searched.
In a specific embodiment, dynamically adjusting the weight of the attribute stored in the cache table further includes:
counting the access times of the cache table, wherein the counting is started from 0, and 1 is added to the count of the cache table every time the cache table is accessed; when the counting value of the access times reaches a preset value M (M > 0), the attributes in the cache table are sequentially sorted from large to small according to the weight values of the attributes, the highest weight value of the attributes is arranged at the top of the cache table, the lowest weight value of the attributes is arranged at the tail of the queue, the weight values of all the attributes in the cache table are reduced to 1/2 of the original weight, and meanwhile, the access times of the cache table are counted to zero and counted again.
It should be noted that, the value of the count M of the number of accesses is not limited, and the number may be adjusted and optimized according to the total number of cache entries and the weight value N of the attribute. The cache table is counted, and the size of the weight is appropriately reduced, so that the situation that all the weight values of the attributes in the cache table are N and the cache table is not adjusted is avoided.
S4, checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement:
if the request authority meets the requirements, reporting the corresponding attributes to an upper layer user, sending response information to the client and ending the process; and if the request authority does not meet the requirement, replying error information of the client and ending the process.
It should be noted that each attribute of the server has a definition authority, such as read, write, and write commands; and when the client requests to write to a server with read-only attributes, judging that the authority does not meet the requirement, and ending the process. The attribute protocol aims at exchanging data, i.e. attribute values, the upper layer user (or upper layer application) being the final destination of the data.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the cache table is preset in the server, and when the attribute protocol information is received, the corresponding attribute is searched in the cache table, so that the time for searching the attribute can be reduced, and the access speed of the attribute protocol can be greatly improved.
In the embodiment, because the space required by the cache table is small, the cache table is stored in the internal memory of the system, the speed of the processor accessing the internal memory is extremely high, and the speed of traversing the cache table is below microsecond level. Therefore, in the access process of the attribute protocol, the attribute is looked up from the cache table rather than the attribute from the attribute table, and the speed is exponential grade.
In a man-machine interaction product with a wide application range of a low-power-consumption Bluetooth system, the response speed can influence the user experience. For example, when a user presses a key or moves a mouse, data information is sent to the opposite terminal device through the air interface of the low-power-consumption bluetooth system and responds, and the higher the real-time performance of the process is, the better the user experience is. After the technical scheme of the invention is used, the data access speed is improved by searching the attribute from the cache table, the real-time performance of data interaction is obviously improved, and the user experience is better;
in addition, in data transparent transmission products and internet of things products with wide application of the low-power-consumption bluetooth system, more scenes are single-point burst transmission of data, namely, a certain data transmission amount is increased suddenly, and in order to enable the data to be sent to opposite-end equipment quickly and not to lose the data, the higher the throughput rate of the data is, the better the data is required. After the technical scheme is used, the single-point data operation is represented by continuous attribute protocol access on the same attribute, the data access speed is improved by searching the attribute from the cache table, and finally the data throughput rate is greatly improved, so that the transmission of a large amount of data is ensured, the transmission time is greatly shortened, the low-power-consumption Bluetooth device has more time to be in a low-power-consumption state, and the standby time of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth product is prolonged.
In general, in the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system, the attributes are searched by adding the cache table, so that the data access speed of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system can be obviously improved, the application real-time performance is improved, the user experience is improved, the data transmission throughput rate of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth system is improved, the low-power-consumption Bluetooth device can be in a low-power-consumption state for more time, and the standby time of a low-power-consumption Bluetooth product is prolonged.
In a specific embodiment, the attribute protocol information includes: read request information, write command information.
In other embodiments, after the server receives the attribute protocol information, the server needs to respond to a message, specifically: when a client sends a piece of read request information to a server, the server needs to respond to a piece of read response information, the read request information comprises an attribute handle, and the read response information comprises an attribute value of the attribute handle;
when a client sends a piece of write request information to a server, the server needs to respond to a piece of write-back response information, the content of the write request information comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle, and the content of the write-back response information comprises whether the write operation corresponding to the write request information is successfully executed or not;
when the client sends a piece of write command information to the server, the server does not need to respond, and the content of the write command information comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle;
the server sends a notice to the client, the client does not need to respond, and the notice content comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle; the server sends an indication to the client, and the client needs to respond to a confirmation, wherein the indication content comprises an attribute handle and an attribute value of the attribute handle.
And analyzing the attribute protocol information to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information, and searching a corresponding attribute in a cache table according to the attribute handle obtained by analysis. Specifically, the cache table is a subset of the attribute table, and the size of the cache table can be flexibly configured by an upper layer user.
Specifically, if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table or the attribute table, checking whether the request permission of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement further includes: and checking whether the request authority corresponding to the attribute protocol information meets the convention in the attribute protocol or not according to the attribute type and the attribute authority of the attribute.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a low-power-consumption Bluetooth system which comprises a server and a client, wherein after the server and the client are connected, the opposite terminal equipment is accessed through the method and the attribute protocol.
It should be understood that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow transformations made by the present specification and drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A low power consumption Bluetooth attribute access method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, a server receives attribute protocol information;
s2, analyzing the attribute protocol information to obtain an attribute handle and an attribute value in the attribute protocol information;
s3, searching corresponding attributes in a cache table according to the attribute handles obtained through analysis:
if the corresponding attribute is found in the cache table, performing step S4;
if the corresponding attribute is not found in the cache table, searching the corresponding attribute in the attribute table according to the attribute handle, if the corresponding attribute is found in the attribute table, updating the attribute into the cache table, and performing step S4; if the corresponding attribute is not found in the attribute table, replying the error information of the client and ending the process;
s4, checking whether the request authority of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement:
if the request authority meets the requirement, reporting the corresponding attribute to an upper layer user, sending response information to the client and ending the process;
and if the request authority does not meet the requirement, replying error information of the client and ending the process.
2. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method of claim 1, wherein the updating of the cache table further comprises:
s3-1, when the attribute is newly added to the cache table, adding the newly added attribute to the tail of a queue of the cache table, and presetting the weight value of the newly added attribute to 0;
s3-2, adding 1 to the weight value of the accessed attribute when the attribute in the cache table is accessed each time;
and S3-3, comparing the accessed attribute with the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item, and exchanging the positions of the accessed attribute and the attribute in the cache table if the weight value of the accessed attribute is greater than the weight value of the attribute in the previous table item.
3. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method according to claim 2, wherein the step S3-1 further comprises:
judging whether the current cache table is full: if the cache table is not full, adding the newly added attribute to the tail of the cache table; and if the cache table is full, replacing the attribute at the tail end of the cache table with the newly added attribute.
4. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method according to claim 2, wherein a maximum value of the weight of the attribute is preset, and if the weight value of the currently accessed attribute is equal to the maximum value, the weight value of the attribute is not increased.
5. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of times of accessing the cache table is counted, when the count value of the number of times of accessing reaches a preset value, the attributes in the cache table are sequentially sorted according to their weight values from large to small, and the current weight values of the attributes in the cache table are respectively reduced by 1/2; and then, resetting the count value of the access times of the cache table to zero and counting again.
6. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method of claim 1, wherein the attribute protocol information comprises: read request information, write command information.
7. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method of claim 6, wherein checking whether the request right of the attribute protocol information meets the requirement further comprises:
and checking whether the request authority corresponding to the attribute protocol information meets the convention in the attribute protocol or not according to the attribute type and the attribute authority of the attribute.
8. The bluetooth low energy attribute access method of claim 1, wherein the attribute table is used to store all the attributes of the server, and the capacity of the cache table is smaller than the capacity of the attribute table.
9. A bluetooth low energy system comprising a server and a client, characterized in that after a connection is established between the server and the client, a peer device is accessed by the method and the attribute protocol according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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