CN115412146B - Star-based AIS signal processing method and device - Google Patents
Star-based AIS signal processing method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a processing method and a processing device for star-based AIS signals, wherein the method adopts the adjustment of capturing sensitivity, can control capturing precision under the condition of different quantity of environmental signals, and can pertinently improve capturing efficiency; and adopting a strategy of 'single before double', demodulating the signal according to a single time slot signal, demodulating according to a double time slot signal if demodulation fails and the data has normal signal characteristics, ensuring that successfully captured messages are demodulated to the maximum extent, and improving the processing performance of AIS signals.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a processing method and device for satellite-based AIS signals.
Background
The universal automatic identification system (Automatic Identification System, AIS) is a novel ship collision avoidance system. The ship-borne AIS transceiver is a signal transceiver device arranged on a ship, and the device is used for broadcasting the ship dynamic and static information collected by a sensor and manually placed on the one hand, and capturing the dynamic and static information of other peripheral ships on the other hand, so that the ship can master the peripheral marine environment in real time. The shore-mounted AIS receiver is an AIS signal monitoring device arranged on the coast of the ocean, and has the main functions of capturing AIS signals of ships in the nearby sea area in real time, and a maritime management mechanism can effectively master state information of the ships in real time through monitoring the AIS signals so as to effectively monitor the ships and the offshore ships.
Due to the limitations of the propagation distance of the AIS signal (typically a transmission distance of 30 seashore), the shore station AIS receiver is unable to provide status information covering the global marine vessel. The satellite-borne AIS signal reconnaissance system can receive AIS signals of ships in hundreds of sea to thousands of sea through low-orbit satellite assembly and download the AIS signals to the ground station receiving system, so that ship information tracking of the national surrounding sea area and even the global sea area can be realized. Based on the advantages, satellite-borne AIS signal reconnaissance systems are currently receiving high attention from various countries.
The satellite-borne AIS signal reconnaissance system is faced with complex signal collision forms, more signals and serious collision phenomena in offshore areas, and fewer signals and lighter collision phenomena in open sea areas. Therefore, how to better complete the AIS signal processing (such as capturing or demodulating) in different scenarios to improve the AIS signal processing efficiency is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application solves the technical problems that: aiming at how to improve the AIS signal processing performance, the application provides a processing method and a processing device for star-based AIS signals.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a processing method for a star-based AIS signal, where the method includes: acquiring one or more AIS signals, and preprocessing the one or more AIS signals to obtain preprocessed AIS signals; generating a pseudo code signal, generating a noise-added signal according to a noise coefficient configured in a current receiving scene and the pseudo code signal, and additively synthesizing the noise-added signal and the preprocessed AIS signal to obtain a synthesized signal, wherein the sampling rate of the pseudo code signal is equal to the preset sampling rate; and capturing AIS signals based on preset conditions and the synthesized signals to obtain captured AIS signals.
Optionally, preprocessing the one or more AIS signals to obtain preprocessed AIS signals, including: sampling the one or more AIS signals based on a preset sampling rate to obtain sampled AIS signals; and filtering the sampled AIS signal to obtain a filtered AIS signal.
Optionally, generating a denoised signal according to the noise coefficient configured in the current receiving scene and the pseudo code signal includes: if the current receiving scene is an offshore scene, configuring a first noise coefficient based on the offshore scene, generating a first noise-added signal based on the first noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal; if the current receiving scene is a far-sea scene, configuring a second noise coefficient based on the far-sea scene, and generating a second noise-added signal based on the second noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal; wherein the first noise figure is different from the second noise figure.
Optionally, generating the pseudo code signal includes: generating two pseudo codes based on the two shift registers; and adding the two paths of pseudo codes to obtain the pseudo code signal.
Optionally, the preset condition is a preset energy value range; AIS signal capturing is carried out on the basis of preset conditions and the synthesized signals to obtain captured AIS signals, and the AIS signal capturing method comprises the following steps: calculating the energy value of the synthesized signal, and screening out a first synthesized signal with the energy value outside the preset energy value range; and determining a first AIS signal corresponding to the first synthesized signal, and taking the first AIS signal as an acquired AIS signal.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and caching the captured AIS signals, and demodulating the cached AIS signals to obtain demodulated data.
Optionally, buffering the captured AIS signal and demodulating the buffered AIS signal to obtain demodulated data, including: demodulating the message data in the cached AIS signal, and judging whether a cache pointer corresponding to the message data to be demodulated currently is equal to a demodulation pointer of the message data currently; if not, demodulating the current message data to be demodulated by adopting a single-time-slot demodulation mode; if the demodulation of the single-slot demodulation mode is unsuccessful, judging whether the AIS signal has characteristic information or not; and if yes, calling a double-time slot demodulation module to demodulate.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a processing apparatus for a star-based AIS signal, where the apparatus includes: a pseudo code generator and a processing module; wherein,,
the pseudo code generator is used for generating a pseudo code signal and generating a denoised signal according to the noise coefficient configured by the current receiving scene and the pseudo code signal;
the processing module is used for acquiring one or more AIS signals and preprocessing the one or more AIS signals to obtain preprocessed AIS signals; and additively synthesizing the noise-added signal and the preprocessed AIS signal to obtain a synthesized signal, and capturing the AIS signal based on a preset condition and the synthesized signal to obtain a captured AIS signal, wherein the sampling rate of the pseudo code signal is equal to the preset sampling rate.
Optionally, if the current receiving scene is an offshore scene, configuring a first noise coefficient based on the offshore scene, generating a first noise-added signal based on the first noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal; if the current receiving scene is a far-sea scene, configuring a second noise coefficient based on the far-sea scene, and generating a second noise-added signal based on the second noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal; wherein the first noise figure is different from the second noise figure.
Optionally, the method further comprises: a decoding module; the decoding module demodulates the message data in the cached AIS signal and judges whether a cache pointer corresponding to the message data to be demodulated currently is equal to a demodulation pointer of the current message data or not; if not, demodulating the current message data to be demodulated by adopting a single-time-slot demodulation mode; if the demodulation of the single-slot demodulation mode is unsuccessful, judging whether the AIS signal has characteristic information or not; and if yes, calling a double-time slot demodulation module to demodulate.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. in the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, different capture thresholds or capture sensitivities are set in different scenes by configuring different noise coefficients in different scenes, so that the capture performance and efficiency are further provided;
2. the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application adopts a 'single-before-double' demodulation strategy, so that the demodulation of short-time-slot and single-time-slot messages is ensured, the demodulation of missing double-time-slot messages is avoided, and the on-orbit performance is optimized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a processing method for a star-based AIS signal according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of demodulating an AIS signal after capturing according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a process schematic diagram of another processing method for a star-based AIS signal according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing device for satellite-based AIS signals according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a capturing process of a processing device for satellite-based AIS signals according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The following describes in further detail a processing method for a star-based AIS signal provided by the embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, and a specific implementation manner of the method may include the following steps (the method flow is shown in fig. 1):
step 101, obtaining one or more AIS signals, and preprocessing the one or more AIS signals to obtain preprocessed AIS signals.
For example, in the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the satellite-based AIS-oriented signal may be an on-board AIS signal received by an on-board AIS signal reconnaissance system. One or more on-board AIS signals may be received by the same channel satellite during the same time slot. And the satellite-borne AIS signal reconnaissance system is used for preprocessing one or more ship-borne AIS signals after receiving the one or more AIS signals to obtain preprocessed AIS signals. As another example, the satellite-borne AIS signal reconnaissance system samples the one or more AIS signals based on a preset sampling rate to obtain sampled AIS signals; and filtering the sampled AIS signal to obtain a filtered AIS signal. For example, the on-board AIS signal reconnaissance system may sample one or more on-board AIS signals at a preset sampling rate, e.g., 4 times the sampling rate or 8 times the sampling rate, etc.
Further, since the capturing and demodulation of the AIS signal are key links in the AIS signal processing process, in order to improve the AIS signal processing efficiency, it is necessary to optimize the capturing and demodulation. By way of example, in the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the capture and demodulation of AIS signals are optimized by adjusting the capture sensitivity under different scenes.
Step 102, generating a pseudo code signal, generating a noise-added signal according to a noise coefficient configured in a current receiving scene and the pseudo code signal, and additively synthesizing the noise-added signal and the preprocessed AIS signal to obtain a synthesized signal, wherein the sampling rate of the pseudo code signal is equal to the preset sampling rate.
By way of further example, the denoised signal is generated by the pseudo code signal and the configured noise figure, the denoised signal is used as the capture superimposed noise, and the synthetic signal is obtained by additively coupling the denoised signal and the AIS signal in the process of capturing the AIS signal. By setting different noise coefficients for different scenes, the capturing superimposed noise floor power generated in different scenes is different, and further capturing sensitivity in different scenes is different, so that low-power AIS signal capturing is inhibited. When signal collision occurs, the specific situation is that in the same time slot, signals with lower energy and signals with higher energy arrive in sequence at different times, and the module can be used for capturing high-power signals with higher probability, so that the occupation of demodulation processing resources caused by entering a demodulation processing flow after capturing low-power signals is reduced.
As another example, if the current receiving scene is an offshore scene, configuring a first noise figure based on the offshore scene, generating a first noisy signal based on the first noise figure and the pseudo code signal; if the current receiving scene is a far-sea scene, configuring a second noise coefficient based on the far-sea scene, and generating a second noise-added signal based on the second noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal; wherein the first noise figure is different from the second noise figure. For example, the noise figure configured for an offshore scenario is greater than the noise figure configured for an offshore scenario.
Further, in order to enable the noise-added signal to be additively synthesized with the preprocessed AIS signal to obtain a synthesized signal, the pseudo code signal needs to be the same as the sampling rate adopted by the preprocessed AIS signal. Since the AIS signal is sampled based on a preset sampling rate, the sampling rate of the pseudo code signal is equal to the preset sampling rate. For example, the AIS signal sampling rate is 4 times the sampling rate, and the pseudo code signal sampling rate is also 4 times the sampling rate.
By way of further example, the pseudo code signal generated in the present application comprises two pseudo codes, wherein each pseudo code is composed of 0 and 1. After two paths of pseudo codes are obtained, the two paths of pseudo codes are added to obtain a single-bit pseudo code signal, then a noise-added signal is obtained based on the pseudo code signal and the configured noise coefficient, and the noise-added signal and the preprocessed AIS signal are subjected to additive synthesis to obtain a synthesized signal.
And step 103, capturing AIS signals based on preset conditions and the synthesized signals to obtain captured AIS signals.
Further, after additively synthesizing the denoised signal and the preprocessed AIS signal, AIS signal capturing is performed based on the synthesized signal. As an example, the preset condition is a preset energy value range; calculating the energy value of the synthesized signal, and screening out a first synthesized signal with the energy value outside a preset energy value range; and determining a first AIS signal corresponding to the first synthesized signal, and taking the first AIS signal as the captured AIS signal. For example, the preset energy value range is (A, -A), wherein A is a positive number; and determining the signal corresponding to the maximum capacity value exceeding the positive boundary A and/or the signal corresponding to the minimum capacity value exceeding the negative boundary-A according to the calculated energy value of the synthesized signal, and capturing the A signals to obtain the captured AIS signal.
Further, after the capturing of the AIS signal is completed, demodulation processing is also required for the captured AIS signal. As an example, after the AIS signal is successfully captured, the captured AIS signal is buffered and the buffered AIS signal is data-demodulated to obtain demodulated data.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of demodulating an AIS signal after capturing according to an embodiment of the present application.
As another example, referring to fig. 2, when demodulating the message data in the buffered AIS signal, it is first determined whether the buffer pointer corresponding to the current message data to be demodulated is equal to the demodulation pointer of the current message data; if not, the fact that the message which is not demodulated exists is indicated, and the current message data to be demodulated is demodulated by adopting a single-time-slot demodulation mode; if the single time slot demodulation is successful, the message data demodulation pointers are accumulated, and the current operation is exited. If the demodulation of the single-slot demodulation mode is unsuccessful, judging whether the AIS signal has characteristic information, calling a double-slot demodulation module to demodulate, and if not, directly exiting the demodulation. After demodulation is finished, the message data demodulation pointers are accumulated, and the current operation is exited. For example, the characteristic information refers to normal characteristics, such as the AIS signal having a header, a footer, and a data region.
For example, the demodulation flow of the AIS signal is completed by the FPGA and DSP software together, the FPGA is responsible for completing the capturing of the training sequence in the signal, and after the capturing is successful, the oversampling data after the training sequence is sent to the DSP in the form of FIFO to complete the subsequent flow of downsampling, data demodulation and the like. Wherein, AIS signal contains single time slot message and double time slot message. The DSP reads data to be demodulated from the FPGA in a FIFO mode, wherein the length of the single-slot FIFO is 1024, and the length of the double-slot FIFO is 2048. After the double-slot FIFO data are read out, the message data buffer pointers accumulate (the buffer can buffer 10 packets of message data, a cyclic buffer mode is adopted, the buffer pointers automatically return to 0 after 10 packets are stored, each packet of message data comprises a packet of single-slot FIFO data and a packet of double-slot FIFO data, and according to the design of the FPGA, the double-slot FIFO data write FIFO is surely later than the single-slot data write FIFO, so when the double-slot FIFO data are read out, the single-slot data are stored in the group of data buffers); corresponding to the message data buffer pointer is a message data demodulation pointer which is automatically accumulated before the end of each demodulation scheduling module, and automatically returns to 0 after the accumulation is equal to 10.
The scheme provided by the embodiment of the application adopts a 'single-before-double' demodulation strategy, so that the demodulation of short-time-slot and single-time-slot messages is ensured, the demodulation of missing double-time-slot messages is avoided, and the on-orbit performance is optimized.
For ease of understanding, the following briefly describes, by way of example, the above-described processing method of the star-based AIS signal.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic process diagram of another processing method for a star-based AIS signal according to an embodiment of the present application.
By way of example, as shown in FIG. 3, capture is initiated and an AIS signal is received; and then configuring the capturing sensitivity, for example, generating different noise-added signals for different scenes by adjusting noise coefficients, so that the capturing superimposed noise floor power generated in different scenes is different, and configuring different capturing sensitivity in different scenes is realized. Then, capturing the received AIS signals based on different capturing sensitivities, and judging whether capturing is successful or not; and if the capturing is successful, demodulating the AIS signal successfully captured, and finishing AIS signal processing. If the capturing fails, capturing the AIS signal again.
In the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, different capture thresholds or capture sensitivities are set in different scenes by configuring different noise coefficients in different scenes, so that the capture performance and efficiency are further provided.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a processing device for star-based AIS signals according to an embodiment of the present application, where the workflow of the device is shown in fig. 1, and the device includes: a pseudo code generator 401 and a processing module 402; the pseudo code generator 401 generates a pseudo code signal, and generates a noise-added signal according to a noise coefficient configured by the current receiving scene and the pseudo code signal; the processing module 402 acquires one or more AIS signals, and performs preprocessing on the one or more AIS signals to obtain preprocessed AIS signals; and additively synthesizing the pseudo code signal and the preprocessed AIS signal to obtain a synthesized signal, and capturing the AIS signal based on a preset condition and the synthesized signal to obtain a captured AIS signal, wherein the sampling rate of the pseudo code signal is equal to a preset sampling rate.
By way of example, the pseudo code generator 401 includes two shift registers, each shift register generates one pseudo code number, and the pseudo code signal (composed of 0 and 1) obtained by adding two pseudo codes is output by the pseudo code generator 401; in addition, the pseudo code signal sampling rate generated by the pseudo code generator 401 is the same as the AIS signal sampling rate. It should be appreciated that the apparatus shown in fig. 4 may be located in the above on-board AIS signal reconnaissance system.
In one possible implementation manner, if the current receiving scene is an offshore scene, configuring a first noise coefficient based on the offshore scene, and generating a first noise-added signal based on the first noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal; if the current receiving scene is a far-sea scene, configuring a second noise coefficient based on the far-sea scene, and generating a second noise-added signal based on the second noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal; wherein the first noise figure is different from the second noise figure.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes: a decoding module 403; the decoding module 403 demodulates the message data in the buffered AIS signal, and determines whether the buffer pointer corresponding to the current message data to be demodulated is equal to the demodulation pointer of the current message data; if not, demodulating the current message data to be demodulated by adopting a single-time-slot demodulation mode; if the demodulation of the single-slot demodulation mode is unsuccessful, judging whether the AIS signal has characteristic information or not; if yes, the double-time slot demodulation module is called to demodulate
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a capturing process of a processing device for satellite-based AIS signals according to an embodiment of the present application. In fig. 5, one or more AIS signals are received, ADC sampling and filtering the received AIS signals to obtain pre-processed signals. In addition, a pseudo code signal is generated according to two paths of shift registers in the pseudo code generator 401; and generating a noise-added signal based on the pseudo code signal and the configured noise coefficient, additively synthesizing the noise-added signal and the filtered signal to obtain a synthesized signal, and capturing an AIS signal based on the synthesized signal to obtain a captured AIS signal.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
What is not described in detail in the present specification belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The processing method for the star-based AIS signal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring one or more AIS signals, and preprocessing the one or more AIS signals to obtain preprocessed AIS signals;
generating a pseudo code signal, generating a noise-added signal according to a noise coefficient configured in a current receiving scene and the pseudo code signal, and additively synthesizing the noise-added signal and the preprocessed AIS signal to obtain a synthesized signal, wherein the sampling rate of the pseudo code signal is equal to a preset sampling rate;
AIS signal capturing is carried out on the basis of preset conditions and the synthesized signals to obtain captured AIS signals, and the AIS signal capturing method comprises the following steps: the preset condition is a preset energy value range; calculating the energy value of the synthesized signal, and screening out a first synthesized signal with the energy value outside the preset energy value range; and determining a first AIS signal corresponding to the first synthesized signal, and taking the first AIS signal as an acquired AIS signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein pre-processing the one or more AIS signals to obtain a pre-processed AIS signal comprises:
sampling the one or more AIS signals based on a preset sampling rate to obtain sampled AIS signals;
and filtering the sampled AIS signal to obtain a filtered AIS signal.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein generating a denoised signal based on a noise figure of a current receive scene configuration and the pseudocode signal comprises:
if the current receiving scene is an offshore scene, configuring a first noise coefficient based on the offshore scene, generating a first noise-added signal based on the first noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal;
if the current receiving scene is a far-sea scene, configuring a second noise coefficient based on the far-sea scene, and generating a second noise-added signal based on the second noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal; wherein the first noise figure is different from the second noise figure.
4. A method as defined in claim 3, wherein generating the pseudo-code signal comprises:
generating two pseudo codes based on the two shift registers;
and adding the two paths of pseudo codes to obtain the pseudo code signal.
5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising:
and caching the captured AIS signals, and demodulating the cached AIS signals to obtain demodulated data.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein buffering the captured AIS signal and demodulating the buffered AIS signal to obtain demodulated data comprises:
demodulating the message data in the cached AIS signal, and judging whether a cache pointer corresponding to the message data to be demodulated currently is equal to a demodulation pointer of the message data currently;
if not, demodulating the current message data to be demodulated by adopting a single-time-slot demodulation mode;
if the demodulation of the single-slot demodulation mode is unsuccessful, judging whether the AIS signal has characteristic information or not;
and if yes, calling a double-time slot demodulation module to demodulate.
7. A processing device for star-based AIS signals, comprising: a pseudo code generator and a processing module; wherein,,
the pseudo code generator is used for generating a pseudo code signal and generating a denoised signal according to the noise coefficient configured by the current receiving scene and the pseudo code signal;
the processing module is used for acquiring one or more AIS signals and preprocessing the one or more AIS signals to obtain preprocessed AIS signals; and additively synthesizing the noise-added signal and the preprocessed AIS signal to obtain a synthesized signal, and capturing the AIS signal based on a preset condition and the synthesized signal to obtain a captured AIS signal, wherein the sampling rate of the pseudo code signal is equal to a preset sampling rate.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein,
if the current receiving scene is an offshore scene, configuring a first noise coefficient based on the offshore scene, generating a first noise-added signal based on the first noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal;
if the current receiving scene is a far-sea scene, configuring a second noise coefficient based on the far-sea scene, and generating a second noise-added signal based on the second noise coefficient and the pseudo code signal; wherein the first noise figure is different from the second noise figure.
9. The apparatus as recited in claim 8, further comprising: a decoding module; wherein,,
the decoding module demodulates the message data in the cached AIS signal and judges whether the cache pointer corresponding to the message data to be demodulated is equal to the demodulation pointer of the current message data or not;
if not, demodulating the current message data to be demodulated by adopting a single-time-slot demodulation mode;
if the demodulation of the single-slot demodulation mode is unsuccessful, judging whether the AIS signal has characteristic information or not;
and if yes, calling a double-time slot demodulation module to demodulate.
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