CN115411393A - Battery pack discharging method and device and battery pack disassembling method - Google Patents
Battery pack discharging method and device and battery pack disassembling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115411393A CN115411393A CN202211085491.5A CN202211085491A CN115411393A CN 115411393 A CN115411393 A CN 115411393A CN 202211085491 A CN202211085491 A CN 202211085491A CN 115411393 A CN115411393 A CN 115411393A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery pack discharging method and device and a battery pack disassembling method, wherein the battery pack disassembling method comprises the following steps: performing quick freezing treatment on the battery pack to be disassembled, and performing damage operation on the battery pack to be disassembled in the quick freezing treatment to enable the shell of a battery monomer in the battery pack to be disassembled to form cracks for permeating cooling liquid; washing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen by the washing liquid with a set temperature to enable the battery pack to be disassembled to react; wherein the set temperature is greater than 0 ℃; carrying out metal extraction operation on the liquid flowing out by flushing; because the battery package after earlier suddenly freezing extrudees the back, the free shell of inside battery forms the crack that is used for permeating the coolant liquid, makes the inside cooling effectively of battery monomer, places the thing of will disassembling again and soaks and wash and can acutely react after going back the temperature in the flush fluid, and the free content of battery is brought into the flush fluid to the gas of production, not only can realize the free content of battery and effectively separate, realizes moreover that battery monomer safely discharges effectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power battery recovery, in particular to a battery pack discharging method and device and a battery pack disassembling method.
Background
Cobalt, lithium, copper and plastics of waste lithium ion battery monomers in the power battery pack are precious resources, and the recovery value is extremely high. Therefore, the method has the advantages that the waste battery monomer is scientifically and effectively treated, and the method has remarkable environmental benefit and good economic benefit.
The traditional battery pack disassembling method mainly aims at disassembling the retired power battery pack with a complete shell so as to disassemble the power battery pack into single batteries for further recovery. However, the power battery pack is often deformed during use, so that it is difficult to disassemble the power battery pack by using the conventional battery pack disassembling method, i.e., the conventional battery pack disassembling method has a problem of poor applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of poor applicability of a battery pack discharging method, and provides a battery pack discharging method, battery pack discharging equipment and a battery pack disassembling method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a battery pack discharge method comprising:
performing quick freezing treatment on a battery pack to be disassembled, and performing damage operation on the battery pack to be disassembled in the quick freezing treatment to enable a shell of a battery monomer in the battery pack to be disassembled to form a crack for permeating cooling liquid;
flushing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen by flushing fluid at a set temperature to enable the battery pack to be disassembled to react; wherein the set temperature is greater than 0 ℃;
and carrying out metal extraction operation on the liquid flowing out by flushing.
In one embodiment, the step of flushing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen by the flushing fluid at the set temperature specifically includes:
and flushing the battery pack to be disassembled which is frozen suddenly with the flushing liquid at the set temperature through a flushing device.
In one embodiment, the flushing device has a predetermined flow of flushing fluid therein.
In one embodiment, the predetermined flow rate is 30L/min to 40L/min.
In one embodiment, the flushing liquid is tap water or pure water.
In one embodiment, the set temperature is 25 ℃ to 60 ℃.
In one embodiment, the time for flushing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen is 20-25 min by using a flushing liquid with a set temperature.
A battery pack discharging device adopts the battery pack discharging method of any one of the above embodiments to disassemble the battery pack to be disassembled.
In one embodiment, the battery pack discharging device comprises a quick freezing and breaking device, a flushing device and an extracting device;
the quick-freezing damage device is used for quickly freezing the battery pack to be disassembled and carrying out damage operation on the battery pack to be disassembled in the quick-freezing treatment so that cracks for permeating cooling liquid are formed on the shells of the battery monomers in the battery pack to be disassembled; the flushing device is used for flushing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen by flushing liquid with a set temperature so as to enable the battery pack to be disassembled to react; the extraction device is used for extracting metal from the liquid flowing out by flushing.
A method for disassembling a battery pack, comprising the method for discharging a battery pack according to any of the above embodiments.
Compared with the prior art, the invention includes but is not limited to the following advantages:
1. according to the battery pack discharging method, the battery pack to be disassembled is subjected to quick freezing treatment and the battery pack to be disassembled subjected to quick freezing treatment is subjected to damage operation, so that the interior of the single battery in the battery pack to be disassembled can be quickly cooled through cracks, the embrittlement of the viscose and the shockproof rubber in the battery pack to be disassembled is facilitated, the purpose of quickly damaging the structure of the single battery in the battery pack is realized, and the single battery is more easily separated from the viscose or the shockproof rubber;
2. after the battery pack to be disassembled is suddenly frozen, the battery pack to be disassembled is washed by washing liquid with a set temperature, the flowing washing liquid can inhibit the flow of the washing liquid from rising temperature, the phenomenon that the reaction of the battery pack to be disassembled is too violent is avoided, meanwhile, gas generated by the reaction of the battery pack to be disassembled is recycled, a large amount of black smoke is avoided being brought, and the disposal pressure of tail gas at the rear end is reduced;
3. after the battery pack after being frozen suddenly is put into washing liquid to be soaked for a certain time, the battery pack is heated again in a heat conduction mode to generate violent reaction, so that the reaction of the battery pack to be disassembled has time delay, and the safety of personnel is ensured;
4. after the battery pack which is frozen suddenly is extruded, the shell of the battery monomer inside forms cracks for permeating cooling liquid, a disassembled object is placed in flushing liquid to be soaked and flushed, and can react violently after being heated, and the generated gas brings the content of the battery monomer into the flushing liquid; by separating the content, the recovery rate of the positive electrode material is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a battery pack discharging method according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of a battery pack discharge apparatus according to an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of the battery pack discharging apparatus shown in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a single embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1, a battery pack discharging method according to an embodiment is used for discharging a battery pack to be disassembled to recover a positive electrode material of a battery cell of the battery pack. Further, the battery pack discharging method includes a part or all of the steps of:
s101, performing quick freezing treatment on the battery pack to be disassembled, and performing damage operation on the battery pack to be disassembled in the quick freezing treatment to enable the shell of the battery monomer in the battery pack to be disassembled to form cracks for permeating cooling liquid.
In this embodiment, will wait to disassemble battery package and carry out the rapid freezing processing, be about to wait to disassemble battery package and carry out rapid cooling to predetermined temperature in scheduled time to in the rapid freezing processing wait to disassemble battery package and destroy the operation, make wait to disassemble the free shell of the inside battery of battery package and form the crack that is used for the infiltration coolant liquid, so make the coolant liquid carry out rapid cooling to the free inside of battery, be favorable to the follow-up flush fluid with the settlement temperature to wash back the temperature simultaneously. Wherein, the meaning of quick freezing is that the temperature is rapidly reduced from a first temperature to a second temperature within a preset time, the first temperature is higher than the second temperature, the first temperature is constant temperature, and the second temperature can be about 100 ℃ below zero or even lower.
S103, flushing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen by flushing fluid at a set temperature to enable the battery pack to be disassembled to react; wherein the set temperature is greater than 0 ℃.
In this embodiment, the washing liquid with the set temperature will be after the rapid freeze wait to disassemble the battery package and wash, make wait to disassemble the battery package and react, realize waiting to disassemble the free discharge operation of battery package. Because wait to disassemble battery package and carry out the rapid freezing processing earlier, and wait to disassemble battery package to among the rapid freezing processing and destroy the operation, make and wait to disassemble the inside free shell of battery package and form the crack that is used for permeating the coolant liquid, when will waiting to disassemble battery package and wash, the flush fluid not only can contact with the free outer wall of battery, but also can get into the battery monomer through the crack in addition, make the flush fluid reliably with the contact of battery monomer and can fully react.
And S105, extracting metal from the liquid flowing out by flushing.
In this embodiment, extract the metal operation to the liquid that washes the outflow, owing to wait to disassemble the battery package and wash the in-process with the flush fluid of settlement temperature after with the scramming, battery monomer reaction and production gas, the gas of production can bring battery monomer's content into the flush fluid, through treating to disassemble the liquid that the battery package reacts and extract the metal thing operation, obtain the metal thing. Specifically, the metal material may be a noble metal such as cobalt, lithium, or copper.
According to the battery pack discharging method, because the battery pack to be disassembled is subjected to quick freezing treatment and the battery pack to be disassembled subjected to quick freezing treatment is subjected to damage operation, the interior of the battery monomer in the battery pack to be disassembled can be quickly cooled through the crack, so that the viscose and the shockproof rubber in the battery pack to be disassembled can be easily embrittled, the purpose of quickly damaging the structure of the battery monomer in the battery pack is realized, and the battery monomer is easily separated from the viscose or the shockproof rubber respectively; after the battery pack is frozen suddenly, because viscose and shockproof rubber in the battery pack to be disassembled are embrittled, the battery pack to be disassembled is washed by flushing liquid with a set temperature, so that the flushing liquid can quickly and effectively enter the battery pack to be disassembled and a battery unit, the flowing flushing liquid can inhibit the flow of the flushing liquid from heating up, the too violent reaction of the battery pack to be disassembled is avoided, meanwhile, gas generated by the reaction of the battery pack to be disassembled is recycled, a large amount of black smoke is avoided being brought out, and the disposal pressure of rear-end tail gas is reduced; after the battery pack after being frozen suddenly is put into washing liquid to be soaked for a certain time, the battery pack is heated again in a heat conduction mode to generate violent reaction, so that the reaction of the battery pack to be disassembled has time delay, the safety of personnel is ensured, and quick and safe discharge is realized; after the battery pack which is frozen suddenly is extruded, the shell of the battery monomer inside forms a crack for permeating cooling liquid, so that the inside of the battery monomer is effectively cooled, then the disassembled object is placed in flushing liquid for soaking and flushing, and after the temperature returns, the violent reaction can be realized, the generated gas brings the content of the battery monomer into the flushing liquid, and therefore, the effective separation of the content of the battery monomer is realized, and the safe and effective discharge of the battery monomer is realized; by separating the content, the recovery rate of the positive electrode material is improved.
In one embodiment, the step of performing quick freezing treatment on the battery pack to be disassembled and performing destroying operation on the battery pack to be disassembled in the quick freezing treatment so that the shell of the battery cell inside the battery pack to be disassembled forms a crack for penetrating into a cooling liquid comprises the following steps: firstly, performing quick freezing and temperature reduction treatment on a battery pack to be disassembled within first preset time to reduce the temperature of the battery pack to be disassembled to a first preset temperature; then, damaging the cooled battery pack to be disassembled to enable the battery monomer of the battery pack to be disassembled to be broken to form the crack; and finally, placing the battery pack to be disassembled in liquid nitrogen for standing for second preset time, so that the internal temperature of the battery monomer of the battery pack to be disassembled is reduced to second preset temperature. And liquid nitrogen enters from the crack of the battery pack to be disassembled, so that the temperature of the inside of the battery monomer of the battery pack to be disassembled is quickly cooled to a second preset temperature by the liquid nitrogen.
Further, the battery pack to be disassembled is subjected to quick freezing and cooling treatment within first preset time, so that the step of cooling the battery pack to be disassembled to the first preset temperature is specifically as follows: the battery pack to be disassembled is subjected to quick freezing and temperature reduction treatment in first preset time through quick freezing equipment. It is understood that the flash freezing device may be a liquid nitrogen storage tank or other flash freezing device. In one embodiment, the first predetermined time is 10min to 12min. In one embodiment, the first predetermined temperature is-104 ℃ to-100 ℃, so as to better perform quick freezing and temperature reduction treatment on the battery pack to be disassembled, and also facilitate embrittlement of glue and shockproof rubber in the battery pack to be disassembled, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly destroying the structure of the internal battery monomer, make the battery monomer and the glue or the shockproof rubber more easily separated, and solve the problem of high difficulty in disassembling the battery pack to be disassembled.
In one embodiment, the step of damaging the cooled battery pack to be disassembled specifically includes: and extruding the battery pack to be disassembled by adopting a hydraulic press to enable the battery monomer of the battery pack to be disassembled to be extruded and cracked to form cracks, so that subsequent liquid nitrogen can permeate into the battery monomer of the battery pack to be disassembled through the cracks. It is understood that in other embodiments, the pressing of the battery pack to be disassembled is not limited to the use of a hydraulic press. For example, the battery pack to be disassembled is crushed by a disassembling machine.
In one embodiment, the second predetermined time is 9-11 min, so that liquid nitrogen reliably enters from a crack of the battery pack to be disassembled, and meanwhile, the temperature of the interior of the battery cell of the battery pack to be disassembled is effectively reduced to the second predetermined temperature. In the present embodiment, the second predetermined time is 10min.
In one embodiment, the second predetermined temperature is-90 ℃ to-80 ℃, so that the second predetermined temperature is proper, and the thermal runaway reaction and the heat release are effectively realized after the object to be treated is subsequently transferred to the heating device for heating.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in one embodiment, the step of flushing the frozen battery pack to be disassembled with the flushing liquid at the set temperature specifically includes: the quick-frozen battery pack to be disassembled is washed by the washing liquid with the set temperature through the washing device 20. In one embodiment, the flushing device 20 includes a flushing tank 22, the flushing tank 22 is formed with a flushing cavity 222, an inlet port 224 and an outlet port 226, the flushing cavity 222 is communicated with the inlet port 224 and the outlet port 226 respectively, the inlet port 224 is used for communicating with a flushing liquid source, the outlet port 226 is used for flowing out a reaction liquid, so that the flushing liquid flows in from the inlet port 224 and then flows out from the outlet port 226, and the flushing liquid flows in the flushing cavity 222. During the reaction, bubbles are generated in the washing liquid, and the bubbles are gradually reduced after the bubbles are relatively violent at the beginning until the reaction is terminated. In this embodiment, the flushing device 20 further comprises a source tank 24 for the flushing liquid, the source tank 24 being used for storing the flushing liquid, the source tank 24 being a source of the flushing liquid. It is to be understood that in other embodiments, the source of flushing fluid is not limited to the source tank 24, but may be a continuously-feeding flushing fluid conduit. For example, the source of the flushing fluid is a tap water pipe. Further, the interval time between the end of the reaction and the generation of no bubble is 10min or more.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, further, the washing device 20 further includes a platform 26, the platform 26 is disposed in the washing chamber 222, so that the battery pack to be disassembled can be placed on the platform 26, so as to wash the battery pack. Furthermore, the crack of the single battery shell of the battery pack to be disassembled is arranged towards the liquid inlet 224, so that the washing liquid can better wash the single battery, the content of the single battery generated by the reaction can be quickly and effectively discharged, and the recovery rate of the anode material is improved.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, further, the flushing tank 22 includes a flushing tank body and a sealing cover plate, the flushing chamber 222, the liquid inlet 224 and the liquid outlet 226 are formed in the flushing tank body, a dosing port is opened at the top of the flushing tank body, and the dosing port is communicated with the flushing chamber 222 so as to dose the battery pack to be disassembled through the dosing port. The sealed cover plate covers the feeding port to be hermetically connected with the scouring box body. Furthermore, the sealing cover plate is convexly provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is elastically abutted against the peripheral wall of the opening of the feeding port, so that the sealing cover plate is better connected with the flushing box body in a sealing manner.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, further, the flushing device 20 further includes a floating plate 28, the floating plate 28 is located in the flushing cavity 222, and the floating plate 28 floats on the top surface of the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222, so that the floating plate 28 shields the battery pack to be disassembled which reacts in the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222, the phenomenon of outward splashing due to excessively severe reaction is avoided, and meanwhile, the bubbles are broken at the water-air interface, thereby reducing the potential safety hazard of the battery pack to be disassembled reacting in the flushing liquid; in addition, because the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222 is in a flowing state, the temperature of the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222 can be effectively prevented from being increased sharply, and the reaction of the single battery is prevented from being too violent.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, furthermore, the area of the floating plate 28 occupies a liquid surface area of the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222, which is greater than or equal to 90%, so that the floating plate 28 shields the battery pack to be disassembled, which reacts in the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222. Furthermore, the floating plate 28 is made of fireproof material, so that the floating plate 28 has better fireproof performance, and the service life of the floating plate 28 is prolonged. The floating plate 28 is, for example, an alumina plate or a silica plate. Furthermore, the thickness of the floating plate 28 is greater than or equal to 60cm, one surface of the floating plate 28, which is far away from the scouring liquid surface, is abutted against the battery pack to be disassembled, so that the distance between the part, adjacent to the floating plate 28, of the battery pack in the scouring liquid and the liquid surface of the scouring liquid is at least 60cm, and the problem that potential safety hazards exist in bubbles or flame generated when the battery pack to be disassembled is avoided.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, further, the flushing device 20 further includes an exhaust gas treatment device 29, the flushing tank 22 is formed with an exhaust gas outlet 221 communicated with the flushing chamber 222, the exhaust gas outlet 221 is communicated with the collecting box 27 of the exhaust gas treatment device 29, so that the gas generated by flushing the battery pack to be disassembled in the flushing chamber 222 is discharged to the collecting box of the exhaust gas treatment device 29 through the exhaust gas outlet 221, so that the exhaust gas treatment device 29 performs exhaust gas treatment, and the exhaust gas is prevented from causing environmental pollution. In the reaction process, the gas generated by flushing the battery pack to be disassembled floats to the surface of the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222 in the form of bubbles and then is broken, so that the gas is discharged.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flushing device 20 has a predetermined flow rate of flushing liquid, so that the flushing liquid has better fluidity when acting on the surface of the battery pack to be disassembled. In one embodiment, the predetermined flow rate is 30L/min to 40L/min.
In one embodiment, the flushing fluid is tap water or pure water. In this embodiment, the flushing fluid is tap water. It is understood that in other embodiments, the flushing fluid may also be pure water or other non-saline water.
In one embodiment, the set temperature is 25 ℃ to 60 ℃. In this embodiment, the flushing liquid is tap water, and the flushing liquid is warm water. Preferably, the set temperature is 25 ℃ to 35 ℃.
In one embodiment, the time for flushing the suddenly frozen battery pack to be disassembled with the flushing liquid at the set temperature is 20-25 min, so that the battery pack to be disassembled can be better flushed.
Further, the step of flushing the battery pack to be disassembled which is frozen suddenly with the flushing liquid with the set temperature comprises the following steps: firstly, flushing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen quickly by flushing fluid with set temperature; secondly, judging the transparency of the liquid flowing out after flushing; if the transparency of the liquid flowing out by flushing is qualified, the liquid directly flows into a water outlet collecting device; otherwise, the liquid flowing out from the washing device is circulated and flows back to the liquid inlet 224, so that the liquid flowing into the water outlet collecting device is beneficial to the recovery of metal substances, the recovery rate of the anode material is improved, and the liquid consumption is reduced. In this embodiment, the coolant is tap water. When the transparency of the rinsing effluent liquid is not acceptable, the rinsing effluent liquid is circulated back to the liquid inlet 224, reducing the water consumption.
Furthermore, the step of judging the transparency of the liquid flowing out by flushing specifically comprises the following steps: and the transparency of the liquid flowing out by flushing is judged by adopting a Securie disc method, so that the transparency judgment method is simple and easy to realize. In this example, the diameter of the Seebeck disk method is 15cm.
Furthermore, the cycle time of the circulation reflux is 14 min/time to 16 min/time. Preferably, the cycle time of the pumparound is 15 min/time. Furthermore, if the number of times of circulating the liquid flowing out of the flushing to the liquid inlet 224 is greater than or equal to 3 times and the transparency of the liquid flowing out of the flushing is judged to be qualified, the circulation and the backflow of the liquid flowing out of the flushing are finished, that is, the backflow is finished, and the liquid flowing out of the flushing flows into the effluent collecting device completely.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flushing device 20 further includes a heating member (not shown) disposed in the flushing tank 22, the heating member being used for heating the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222; when the temperature of the rinse liquid in the rinse chamber 222 is below a predetermined value, the heating element heats the rinse liquid in the rinse chamber 222. It can be understood that, the condition that has the temperature lower in the flow process of the flush fluid that erodes the chamber 222, and the condition that has the flow process that is less than the default when the flush fluid that erodes the chamber 222 promptly, the heating member heats the flush fluid in the chamber 222 that erodes, makes the temperature of the flush fluid in the chamber 222 more invariable, has improved the reaction effect of waiting to disassemble the battery package in the process of rinsing, realizes that the free content of battery separates effectively. In this embodiment, the heating member may be a thermal resistance heating member or a thermal eddy current heating member. The preset value is 25 ℃. It can be understood that the preset value can be flexibly set according to actual needs.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, furthermore, the flushing device 20 further includes a temperature sensor (not shown), the temperature sensor is used for sensing the temperature of the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control end of the heating element, when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor is lower than a preset value, the heating element heats the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222, so as to intelligently heat the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222, and improve the convenience of the flushing device 20.
Preferably, in one embodiment, the battery pack to be disassembled is an accident battery pack or battery module with a deformed outer shell and incapable of discharging in a normal discharging mode.
Preferably, in one embodiment, the battery pack to be disassembledThe anode material of the battery monomer is LCO (Lithium Cobaltate), NCM (Lithium nickel cobalt manganese), LFP (LiFePO) 4 Lithium iron phosphate). In this embodiment, the anode material of the battery cell is LCO, and LCO particles are crushed due to thermal runaway, so that smaller particles are generated, the battery pack disassembling method has a better crushing effect, and the recovery rate of the anode material is improved.
Further, the metal extraction operation of the liquid flowing out by flushing comprises: firstly, collecting the liquid flowing out by flushing; then adding a flocculating agent into the collected liquid for treatment; then carrying out filter pressing treatment on the liquid treated by adding the flocculating agent to obtain filter residue; then drying the filter residue; and finally, calcining the dried filter residue to obtain the anode material, and finishing the extraction operation of the metal. Still further, the flocculant is an organic flocculant. Specifically, the flocculating agent is at least one of starch, cellulose or chitosan. Further, the step of drying the filter residue is specifically drying the filter residue through a rotary kiln. In this example, the temperature of the drying treatment was 200 ℃ to 250 ℃. Further, the step of calcining the dried filter residue is specifically to calcine the dried filter residue by a rotary kiln. In this example, the temperature of the calcination treatment was 800 ℃ to 1000 ℃.
The application also provides battery pack discharging equipment which is used for disassembling the battery pack to be disassembled by adopting the battery pack discharging method of any one of the embodiments.
In one embodiment, the battery pack discharging apparatus includes a quick freeze breaking device, a washing device 20, and an extracting device; the quick-freezing damage device is used for quickly freezing the battery pack to be disassembled and carrying out damage operation on the battery pack to be disassembled in the quick-freezing treatment so that cracks for permeating cooling liquid are formed on the shells of the battery monomers in the battery pack to be disassembled; the washing device 20 is used for washing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen by washing liquid at a set temperature, so that the battery pack to be disassembled reacts; the extraction device is used for extracting metal from the liquid flowing out by flushing.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, further, the flushing device 20 includes a flushing tank 22, the flushing tank 22 is formed with a flushing cavity 222, a liquid inlet 224 and a liquid outlet 226, the flushing cavity 222 is respectively communicated with the liquid inlet 224 and the liquid outlet 226, the liquid inlet 224 is used for communicating with a flushing liquid source, the liquid outlet 226 is used for flowing out a reaction liquid, so that the flushing liquid flows in from the liquid inlet 224 and then flows out from the liquid outlet 226, and the flushing liquid flows in the flushing cavity 222. During the reaction, bubbles are generated in the washing liquid, and the bubbles are gradually reduced after the bubbles are relatively violent at the beginning until the reaction is terminated. Further, the interval time between the end of the reaction and the generation of no bubble is 10min or more.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, further, the washing device 20 further includes a platform 26, the platform 26 is disposed in the washing chamber 222, so that the battery pack to be disassembled can be placed on the platform 26, so as to wash the battery pack. Furthermore, the crack of the single battery shell of the battery pack to be disassembled is arranged towards the liquid inlet 224, so that the washing liquid can better wash the single battery, the content of the single battery generated by the reaction can be quickly and effectively discharged, and the recovery rate of the anode material is improved.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, further, the flushing tank 22 includes a flushing tank body and a sealing cover plate, the flushing chamber 222, the liquid inlet 224 and the liquid outlet 226 are formed in the flushing tank body, a dosing port is opened at the top of the flushing tank body, and the dosing port is communicated with the flushing chamber 222 so as to dose the battery pack to be disassembled through the dosing port. The sealing cover plate covers the feeding port to be connected with the scouring box body in a sealing mode. Furthermore, the sealing cover plate is convexly provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is elastically abutted to the peripheral wall of the opening of the feeding port, so that the sealing cover plate is better connected to the flushing box body in a sealing manner.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, further, the washing device 20 further includes at least one floating plate 28, the floating plate 28 is located in the washing chamber 222, and the floating plate 28 floats on the top surface of the washing liquid in the washing chamber 222, so that the floating plate 28 shields the battery pack to be disassembled that reacts in the washing liquid in the washing chamber 222, the phenomenon of external splashing due to too violent reaction is avoided, and meanwhile, the bubbles are broken at the water-air interface, thereby reducing the potential safety hazard of the battery pack to be disassembled reacting in the washing liquid; in addition, because the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222 is in a flowing state, the temperature of the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222 can be effectively prevented from being increased sharply, and the reaction of the single battery is prevented from being too violent.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, furthermore, the area of the floating plate 28 occupies a liquid surface area of the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222, which is greater than or equal to 90%, so that the floating plate 28 shields the battery pack to be disassembled, which reacts in the flushing liquid in the flushing cavity 222. Furthermore, the floating plate 28 is made of fireproof material, so that the floating plate 28 has better fireproof performance, and the service life of the floating plate 28 is prolonged. For example, the float plate 28 is a hollow PVDF plate. Furthermore, the floating plate 28 is 1 cm-3 cm thick and can float on the liquid surface along with bubbles, so that severe fluctuation of the water surface is prevented, and the problem of potential safety hazards is avoided.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, further, the flushing device 20 further includes an exhaust gas treatment device 29, the flushing tank 22 is formed with an exhaust gas outlet 221 communicated with the flushing chamber 222, the exhaust gas outlet 221 is communicated with the collecting box of the exhaust gas treatment device 29, so that the gas generated by flushing the battery pack to be disassembled in the flushing chamber 222 is discharged to the collecting box of the exhaust gas treatment device 29 through the exhaust gas outlet 221, so that the exhaust gas treatment device 29 performs exhaust gas treatment, and the exhaust gas is prevented from causing environmental pollution. During the reaction process, the gas generated by the washing of the battery pack to be disassembled floats to the surface of the washing liquid in the washing cavity 222 in the form of bubbles and then is broken, and the smokeless discharge of the gas can be basically realized.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flushing device 20 has a predetermined flow rate of flushing liquid, so that the flushing liquid has better fluidity when acting on the surface of the battery pack to be disassembled. In one embodiment, the predetermined flow rate is 30L/min to 40L/min.
In one embodiment, the flushing fluid is tap water or pure water. In this embodiment, the flushing fluid is tap water. It is understood that in other embodiments, the flushing fluid may also be pure water or other non-saline water. Further, the temperature of the scouring liquid is 25-60 ℃. Preferably, the temperature of the flushing liquid is 25 ℃ to 35 ℃.
The application also provides a battery pack disassembling method, which comprises the battery pack discharging method in any embodiment.
Further, after the step of flushing the battery pack to be disassembled which is frozen suddenly with the flushing fluid at the set temperature, the method for disassembling the battery pack further comprises the following steps: firstly, fishing out the battery pack to be disassembled after discharging operation from a washing liquid; then, disassembling the fished battery pack to be disassembled, and separating the positive pole piece of the single battery from the positive pole piece; then, the single battery which is operated by separating the positive pole piece is crushed so as to be convenient for the subsequent recovery of the positive pole material. In this embodiment, the step of fishing out the battery pack to be disassembled after the discharging operation from the washing liquid is specifically: the battery pack to be disassembled after the discharging operation is fished out from the washing liquid through the fishing device. In particular, the fishing device may be a robotic arm or an intelligent gripping device.
Further, the step of fishing out the battery pack to be disassembled after the discharging operation from the washing liquid is positioned after the step S105.
Furthermore, the step of crushing the battery monomer for separating the positive pole piece specifically comprises the following steps: carry the battery monomer of the positive pole piece operation of separation to crushing equipment through the conveyer belt and carry out broken handle, because the battery monomer washes the operation before the positive pole piece operation of separation, make the battery monomer react and separated the content effectively (contain the electrolyte), so carry the in-process that carries out broken handle to crushing equipment through the conveyer belt, be unlikely to appear the material very easily to glue and lead to the problem difficult in order to clear up on the conveyor belt and the broken running roller of conveyer belt.
Further, after the step of crushing the battery cells operated by separating the positive electrode sheet, the method for disassembling the battery pack further comprises the following steps: and roasting the crushed residue. Further, the temperature for roasting the crushed residue is 750-900 ℃, and the roasting time is 1-2 h.
Further, after the step of subjecting the crushed residue to the baking treatment, the method for disassembling a battery pack further includes: and (4) scattering and screening the residues after the roasting treatment so as to improve the recovery rate of the positive electrode material. In this embodiment, the residue after the baking treatment is first scattered by the scattering machine and then screened by the circular vibrating screen, so that the recovery efficiency of the positive electrode material is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention includes but is not limited to the following advantages:
1. according to the battery pack discharging method, the battery pack to be disassembled is subjected to quick freezing treatment and the battery pack to be disassembled subjected to quick freezing treatment is subjected to damage operation, so that the interior of the single battery in the battery pack to be disassembled can be quickly cooled through cracks, the embrittlement of the viscose and the shockproof rubber in the battery pack to be disassembled is facilitated, the purpose of quickly damaging the structure of the single battery in the battery pack is realized, and the single battery is more easily separated from the viscose or the shockproof rubber;
2. after the battery pack to be disassembled is frozen suddenly, the battery pack to be disassembled is washed by washing liquid at a set temperature, the flowing washing liquid can inhibit the flow of the washing liquid from heating up, the too violent reaction of the battery pack to be disassembled is avoided, meanwhile, gas generated by the reaction of the battery pack to be disassembled is recycled, a large amount of black smoke is avoided being brought out, and the disposal pressure of rear-end tail gas is reduced;
3. after the battery pack after being frozen suddenly is put into washing liquid to be soaked for a certain time, the battery pack is heated again in a heat conduction mode to generate violent reaction, so that the reaction of the battery pack to be disassembled has time delay, and the safety of personnel is ensured;
4. after the battery pack which is frozen suddenly is extruded, the shell of the battery monomer inside forms cracks for permeating cooling liquid, a disassembled object is placed in flushing liquid to be soaked and flushed, and can react violently after being heated, and the generated gas brings the content of the battery monomer into the flushing liquid; by separating the contents, the recovery rate of the positive electrode material is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of discharging a battery pack, comprising:
performing quick freezing treatment on a battery pack to be disassembled, and performing damage operation on the battery pack to be disassembled in the quick freezing treatment to enable a shell of a battery monomer in the battery pack to be disassembled to form a crack for permeating cooling liquid;
washing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen by a washing liquid with a set temperature to enable the battery pack to be disassembled to react; wherein the set temperature is greater than 0 ℃;
and carrying out metal extraction operation on the liquid flowing out by flushing.
2. The battery pack discharging method according to claim 1, wherein the step of flushing the rapidly frozen battery pack to be disassembled with a flushing fluid at a set temperature specifically comprises:
and flushing the battery pack to be disassembled which is frozen suddenly with the flushing liquid at the set temperature through a flushing device.
3. The battery pack discharging method according to claim 2, wherein the flushing device has a predetermined flow rate of flushing liquid therein.
4. The battery pack discharging method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined flow rate is 30L/min to 40L/min.
5. The battery pack discharging method according to claim 3, wherein the flushing liquid is tap water or pure water.
6. The battery pack discharging method according to claim 2, wherein the set temperature is 25 ℃ to 60 ℃.
7. The battery pack discharging method according to claim 1, wherein the time for washing the battery pack to be disassembled after the quick freezing with a washing liquid at a set temperature is 20min to 25min.
8. A battery pack discharging apparatus, characterized in that the battery pack to be disassembled is disassembled by using the battery pack discharging method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The battery pack discharge apparatus of claim 8, comprising a quick freeze breaker, a flushing device, and an extraction device;
the quick-freezing damage device is used for quickly freezing the battery pack to be disassembled and carrying out damage operation on the battery pack to be disassembled in the quick-freezing treatment so that cracks for permeating cooling liquid are formed on the shells of the battery monomers in the battery pack to be disassembled; the flushing device is used for flushing the battery pack to be disassembled after being frozen by flushing liquid with a set temperature so as to enable the battery pack to be disassembled to react; the extraction device is used for extracting metal from the liquid flowing out by flushing.
10. A battery pack disassembling method, characterized by comprising the battery pack discharging method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211085491.5A CN115411393A (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Battery pack discharging method and device and battery pack disassembling method |
| PCT/CN2023/077599 WO2024051101A1 (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2023-02-22 | Method and device for battery pack discharging, and battery pack disassembly method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211085491.5A CN115411393A (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Battery pack discharging method and device and battery pack disassembling method |
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| CN115411393A true CN115411393A (en) | 2022-11-29 |
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| CN202211085491.5A Pending CN115411393A (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Battery pack discharging method and device and battery pack disassembling method |
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| CN (1) | CN115411393A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024051101A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024051101A1 (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2024-03-14 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method and device for battery pack discharging, and battery pack disassembly method |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013114621A1 (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2013-08-08 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Lithium recovery method |
| CN105449304B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-11-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Treatment method and treatment system of waste lithium battery |
| CN205851543U (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2017-01-04 | 株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司 | A kind of waste and old new energy resource power battery crushing-separating apparatus |
| CN108808156B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-10-16 | 广西师范大学 | Method for recovering electrolyte in waste lithium ion battery |
| CN111029675A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-04-17 | 东莞市宏湖智能装备有限公司 | Discharging device for recycling waste lithium ion batteries |
| CN111029677A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-17 | 深圳清华大学研究院 | Inactivation treatment method before crushing of waste charged soft package lithium ion battery |
| CN115411393A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-29 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Battery pack discharging method and device and battery pack disassembling method |
| CN115954528A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-04-11 | 巨锋 | Liquid discharging device for charged lithium battery |
-
2022
- 2022-09-06 CN CN202211085491.5A patent/CN115411393A/en active Pending
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2023
- 2023-02-22 WO PCT/CN2023/077599 patent/WO2024051101A1/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024051101A1 (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2024-03-14 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method and device for battery pack discharging, and battery pack disassembly method |
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