CN115409271A - Method and platform for predicting and suggesting carbon emission of building enterprise - Google Patents
Method and platform for predicting and suggesting carbon emission of building enterprise Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a platform for predicting and suggesting carbon emission of building enterprises, which can analyze historical data, predict carbon emission of new projects and guide the selection of low-carbon building materials. The prediction method can predict the carbon emission according to the project condition of a newly signed contract in the current year based on the project historical data and the baseline data, and the carbon emission data can provide basis for strategic measures and the like of building enterprises; the project historical data comprises an enterprise carbon emission database, an industry carbon emission database and a regional carbon emission database which are formed by related carbon emission data of construction of a plurality of projects and the like, and guidance is provided for the carbon emission data of a new bidding project of an enterprise. In the suggestion method, based on the prediction method, the selection of new projects, the formulation of construction organization strategies and the selection of construction machinery can be guided; the carbon emission prediction and suggestion platform for the building enterprises can be used for analyzing historical data, predicting carbon emission of new projects and guiding selection of low-carbon building materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of enterprise carbon emission, in particular to a method and a platform for predicting and suggesting carbon emission of a building enterprise.
Background
The development of municipal infrastructure provides material guarantee for the urbanization process, and the material guarantee has long-term and profound influence on the development of urban economy, society and environment, but the municipal infrastructure construction needs to consume a large amount of high-energy high-carbon-density raw material products, the use of the energy and the materials inevitably discharges a large amount of carbon dioxide and other pollutants, and the municipal infrastructure construction with high energy consumption, high pollution and high emission restricts the continuous, healthy and stable development of cities. The management and the restriction on the greenhouse gas emission generated by the production and the life of human society are important actions for slowing down the global climate change, and the management of the carbon emission of enterprises is very complex. The building industry is a high-energy-consumption and high-carbon-emission industry, meanwhile, building enterprises are complex in state, long in service chain and wide in project distribution area, at present, a carbon emission calculation method for single buildings and a monitoring platform for the building industry exist, but a carbon emission prediction platform for the building enterprises is lacked, and the carbon emission prediction platform cannot be used for analyzing historical data, predicting new project carbon emission and guiding selection of low-carbon building materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method and a platform for predicting and suggesting carbon emission of building enterprises, which can analyze historical data, predict carbon emission of new projects and guide the selection of low-carbon building materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a carbon emission prediction method for a building enterprise, which is used for predicting the carbon emission based on project historical data and baseline data according to the project condition of a newly signed contract in the current year; the project history data is obtained in the following mode: forming an enterprise carbon emission database, an industry carbon emission database and a regional carbon emission database through construction-related carbon emission data of a plurality of projects, and providing guidance for the carbon emission data of the newly-bid project of the enterprise; the baseline data comprises historical project unit output value energy consumption, unit output value carbon emission, unit area carbon emission and unit engineering carbon emission level; dividing the carbon emissions into calculations and measures; the calculation part is divided into three calculation modes of estimation, budget and settlement, the measurement part is used for counting according to energy consumption bills and electric meter data in each stage, three-region separation is carried out in the construction stage according to energy consumption multiplied by carbon emission factor = carbon emission consumption, energy consumption of a working region, an office region and a residential region is respectively counted, and carbon emission calculation is carried out by utilizing the energy consumption.
The building carbon emission estimation is based on historical data, and carbon emission in a materialization stage, a building operation stage and a building dismantling stage is estimated according to influence parameters; estimating carbon emission in the stages of building material production and transportation, building construction and building demolition according to influence parameters, wherein the influence parameters comprise structure type, climate zone, building type, building height and building area; estimating carbon emission in an operation stage according to influence parameters, wherein the influence parameters comprise building type, climate zone, building height, building area, regional economic development level, income level of people in the building, window-wall ratio, heating mode, structure type, whether an insulating layer exists or not and annual energy consumption;
the building carbon emission pre-calculation is based on a basic database, the carbon emission of the materialization stage is calculated according to the quota, and the carbon emission of the operation is calculated according to the equipment energy; calculating the carbon emission according to the carbon emission amount of the quota calculation materialization stage and the consumption amount corresponding to different quota numbers of the subsection project; when the carbon emission of operation is calculated according to the energy consumption of the equipment, the used parameters comprise province and city where the equipment operates, building type, equipment name, power, quantity and annual time consumption;
calculating the carbon emission amount of the materialization stage according to the building materials and the information of the mechanical and energy consumption amount by the building carbon emission settlement, wherein the energy consumption amount is other energy except for mechanical consumption; the settlement of the carbon emission of the building relates to the calculation of the carbon emission amount in the operation stage of the building according to the energy consumption amount of the actual operation of the building in a period of time.
Wherein, the calculation form related to the estimation, budget and settlement of the carbon emission at each stage comprises the following steps:
carbon emissions due to energy consumption: carbon emission = energy usage × energy carbon emission factor;
carbon emissions due to building material consumption: carbon emission = building material consumption × building material carbon emission factor;
carbon emissions from mechanical use: carbon emission = mechanical consumption × construction machine carbon emission factor. The carbon emission calculation method refers to GB51366, and the calculation formula of each stage is as follows:
and (3) calculating carbon emission in the operation stage:
in the formula: c M Carbon emission per unit building area in the building operation stage;
E i the ith energy annual consumption of the building is represented;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
E i,j the ith type energy consumption of the j type system;
ER i,j for class j systemsConsuming the amount of class i energy provided by the renewable energy system;
i is a building consumption terminal energy type, including electric power, gas, petroleum and municipal heating power;
j is a building energy system type, including a heating air-conditioning system, an illumination system and a domestic hot water system;
C P reducing the carbon amount of the green space carbon sink system year by year;
y is the building design life;
a is the building area;
carbon emission calculation at the building construction stage:
C jz carbon emission per unit building area for the building construction stage;
E jz,i the total energy consumption of the ith energy source in the building construction stage;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
a is the building area;
carbon emission calculation at the building demolition stage:
C cc carbon emission per unit building area in the building demolition stage;
E cc,i the total amount of the ith energy in the building dismantling stage;
EF i a carbon emission factor for an ith energy source;
a is the building area.
Wherein the carbon emission factor pool, the energy carbon emission factor, the building material carbon emission factor, the transportation carbon emission factor and the construction machinery carbon emission factor are known quantities related to the project, wherein the carbon emission factors of each stage are dynamically updated and supplemented.
Wherein, the carbon emission in the building material production stage is calculated as follows:
in the formula: c sc Carbon emission is performed in the building material production stage;
M i the consumption of the ith main building material;
F i a carbon emission factor for the ith major building material;
calculating the carbon emission in the building material transportation stage:
in the formula: c ys Carbon emission is carried out in the building material transportation stage;
M i consumption of the ith main building material;
D i the average transport distance of the i building materials;
T i the carbon emission factor per unit weight transport distance in the transport mode of the i-th building material.
The invention also provides a carbon emission suggestion method for the building enterprises, which is used for predicting the carbon emission of the building enterprises, and the carbon emission suggestion database is formed according to the historical project information, the recommended process form, the recommended construction organization information, the recommended building material form and the recommended construction machinery, so as to guide the selection of new projects, the formulation of construction organization strategies and the selection of construction machinery.
The invention also provides a carbon emission prediction and suggestion platform for the building enterprises, which comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a baseline data module, a carbon emission prediction module and a suggestion diagnosis module;
the project data of the data acquisition module comprises project basic information and a project engineering quantity list, and the detail degree of the data is data meeting project estimation, budget and settlement; different calculation ranges are selected for projects of different service plates according to actual conditions, and the life cycle of a building product is divided into 4 stages from the whole life cycle of the building: the construction method comprises the following steps of a building material production and transportation stage, a building construction stage, a building operation and use stage, a building demolition and waste treatment stage;
the data processing module comprises a parameter base, a basic database and bottom data for calculating carbon emission, and the data processing module is associated with the engineering quantity information and the energy consumption information of the data acquisition module;
the data processing module adopts the prediction method of any one of claims 1 to 5 to carry out the carbon emission prediction calculation of the construction enterprise;
the baseline data in the baseline data module comprises historical project unit output value energy consumption, unit output value carbon emission, unit area carbon emission and unit engineering carbon emission level;
the carbon emission prediction module predicts the carbon emission based on project historical data and baseline data according to project conditions of a newly signed contract in the current year, and the carbon emission data provides basis for strategic measures and the like of building enterprises;
and the suggestion diagnosis module recommends a process form, construction organization information, a building material form and construction machinery according to the historical project information to form a carbon emission suggestion database, and guides the selection of new projects, the formulation of construction organization strategies and the selection of the construction machinery.
Has the beneficial effects that:
1. the prediction method can predict the carbon emission according to the project condition of the new contract in the current year based on the project historical data and the baseline data, and the carbon emission data can provide basis for strategic measures and the like of building enterprises; the project historical data comprises an enterprise carbon emission database, an industry carbon emission database and a regional carbon emission database which are formed by related carbon emission data of construction of a plurality of projects and the like, and guidance is provided for the carbon emission data of a new bidding project of an enterprise.
2. In the method for suggesting carbon emission of the building enterprise, based on the prediction method, a process form, construction organization information, a building material form and construction machinery with low carbon emission are recommended according to historical project information to form a carbon emission suggestion database, so that new project material selection, construction organization strategy formulation and construction machinery selection can be guided.
3. The carbon emission prediction and suggestion platform for the construction enterprises can be used for analyzing historical data, predicting carbon emission of new projects and guiding the selection of low-carbon building materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon emission prediction and recommendation platform for a construction enterprise according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data collection module of the carbon emission prediction and recommendation platform for a construction enterprise according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data processing module of the carbon emission prediction and recommendation platform for a construction enterprise according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a baseline data module of the carbon emission prediction and recommendation platform for a building enterprise according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a carbon emission prediction module of the carbon emission prediction and recommendation platform of the construction enterprise according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a recommendation diagnosis module of the platform for predicting and recommending carbon emissions of construction enterprises in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a carbon emission prediction method for a building enterprise, which is used for predicting carbon emission according to project conditions of a newly signed contract in the current year based on project historical data and baseline data. The acquisition mode of the project historical data is as follows: and forming an enterprise carbon emission database, an industry carbon emission database and a regional carbon emission database through construction of a plurality of projects and other related carbon emission data, and providing guidance for the carbon emission data of the new bidding projects of the enterprise. Specifically, the carbon emissions are divided into calculations and measures.
1. The calculation part is divided into three calculation modes of estimation, budget and settlement, and the calculation method specifically comprises the following steps:
the building carbon emission estimation is based on historical data, and carbon emission in a materialization stage (building material production and transportation and building construction), a building operation stage and a building dismantling stage is estimated according to influence parameters. Estimating carbon emission in the stages of building material production and transportation, building construction and building demolition according to influence parameters, wherein the influence parameters comprise but are not limited to structure type, climate zone, building type, building height, building area and the like; estimating carbon emission in the operation stage according to influence parameters including but not limited to building type, climate zone, building height, building area, regional economic development level, income level of people in the building, window-wall ratio, heating mode, structure type, whether an insulating layer exists and annual energy consumption (electricity, coal, natural gas fuel and the like).
The building carbon emission pre-calculation is based on a basic database, the carbon emission of the materialization stage is calculated according to the quota, and the carbon emission of the operation is calculated according to the equipment energy. The carbon emission in the materialization stage is calculated according to the quota, and the carbon emission is mainly calculated according to the consumption corresponding to different quota numbers of the subsection project; when calculating the carbon emission of operation according to the energy consumption of the equipment, the main parameters include, but are not limited to, the province and city where the equipment operates, the building type, the equipment name (electric lamp, air conditioner, electric water heater, lamp, central air conditioner, water pump, elevator, etc.), the power, the quantity, the annual time consumption, etc.
The carbon emission settlement of the building is mainly to calculate the carbon emission in the materialization stage according to the building materials, the machine and energy consumption information, wherein the energy consumption is other energy except for the machine consumption. The settlement of the carbon emission of the building relates to the calculation of the carbon emission amount in the operation stage of the building according to the energy consumption amount of the actual operation of the building in a period of time. The main calculation forms involved in the estimation, budget and settlement of the carbon emission at each stage mainly include the following three ways:
carbon emissions due to energy consumption: carbon emission = energy usage x energy carbon emission factor;
carbon emission due to building material consumption: carbon emission = building material consumption × building material carbon emission factor;
carbon emissions from mechanical use: carbon emission = mechanical consumption × construction machine carbon emission factor.
Further, the carbon emission calculation method refers to GB51366, and the calculation formula at each stage is as follows:
and (3) calculating carbon emission in the operation stage:
in the formula: c M Carbon emission per unit building area (kgCO) for the building operation stage 2 /m 2 )；
E i The energy annual consumption (unit/a) of the ith type of buildings;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
E i,j the i-th energy consumption of the j-type system;
ER i,j consuming the amount of class i energy provided by the renewable energy system for the class j system (units/a);
i is the type of the terminal energy consumed by the building, including electric power, gas, petroleum, municipal heating power and the like;
j is a building energy system type, including a heating air conditioner, a lighting system, a domestic hot water system and the like;
C P annual carbon reduction (kgCO) for green space carbon sink system of building 2 /a)；
y is the building design life (a);
a is the building area (m) 2 )。
Carbon emission calculation at the building construction stage:
C jz carbon emission per unit building area (kgCO) for building construction phase 2 /m 2 )；
E jz,i The total energy consumption (kWh or kg) of the ith energy source in the building construction stage;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
a is the building area (m) 2 )。
Carbon emission calculation at the building demolition stage:
C cc carbon emission per unit building area (kgCO) for demolition of buildings 2 /m 2 )；
E cc,i The total energy consumption (kwh or kg) of the ith type in the building demolition stage;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
a is the building area (m) 2 )。
Wherein the carbon emission factor pool, the energy carbon emission factor, the building material carbon emission factor, the transportation carbon emission factor and the construction machinery carbon emission factor are known quantities related to the project, wherein the carbon emission factors of each stage can be dynamically updated and supplemented.
2. The metering part is used for counting according to data such as energy consumption bills and electric meters in each stage, and mainly according to energy consumption multiplied by carbon emission factor = carbon emission consumption. And in the construction stage, three-area separation is carried out, energy consumption of a working area, an office area and a residential area can be respectively counted, and carbon emission is calculated by utilizing the energy consumption.
Calculating the carbon emission in the building material production stage:
in the formula: c sc Carbon emission (kgCO) for building material production stage 2 e)；
M i The consumption of the ith main building material;
F i carbon emission factor (kgCO) as the i-th main building material 2 e/unit number of building materials).
Calculating the carbon emission in the building material transportation stage:
in the formula: c ys Carbon emission (kgCO) for building material transportation stage 2 e)；
M i Consumption of the ith main building material;
D i the average transport distance (km) of the ith building material;
T i the carbon emission factor per unit weight transport distance in the transport mode of the i-th building material.
The baseline data includes, but is not limited to, historical project specific energy production, specific carbon emissions, and specific engineered carbon emissions levels.
The invention also provides a carbon emission suggestion method for the building enterprises, based on the prediction method, the process form, the construction organization information, the building material form and the construction machinery with lower carbon emission are recommended according to the historical project information to form a carbon emission suggestion database, and the carbon emission suggestion database can guide the selection of new projects, the formulation of construction organization strategies and the selection of the construction machinery.
The invention also provides a carbon emission prediction and suggestion platform for the building enterprises, which can be used for analyzing historical data, predicting carbon emission of new projects and guiding selection of low-carbon building materials. As shown in figure 1, a module 1 is a data acquisition module, a module 2 is a data processing module, a module 3 is a baseline data module, a module 4 is a carbon emission prediction module, and a module 5 is a suggested diagnosis module.
The data collection module is shown in fig. 2, wherein the project data includes project basic information, project engineering quantity list, and the detail degree of the data is data satisfying project estimation, budget and settlement. Different calculation ranges (range one, range two and range three) can be selected according to the actual conditions for the projects of different service plates, and the life cycle of the building product is divided into 4 stages from the whole life cycle of the building: the construction method comprises the steps of building material production and transportation, building construction, building operation and use, building demolition and waste treatment.
As shown in fig. 3, the data processing module includes a parameter library, a basic database, and bottom layer data for calculating carbon emission, and the data processing module is associated with the engineering quantity information and the energy consumption information of the data acquisition module.
The carbon emission is divided into calculation and measurement in the data processing module, wherein the calculation part comprises three calculation modes of estimation, budget and settlement, and the calculation modes comprise the following steps:
(1) Building carbon emission estimation
The estimation is mainly based on historical data, and carbon emission in a materialization stage (building material production and transportation, building construction), building operation and building dismantling stage is estimated according to the influence parameters.
Estimating the carbon emission in the production and transportation, construction and demolition stages of the building materials according to influence parameters, wherein the influence parameters comprise but are not limited to structure type, climate zone, building type, building height, building area and the like.
Estimating carbon emission in the operation stage according to influence parameters, wherein the influence parameters comprise but are not limited to building type, climate zone, building height, building area, regional economic development level, income level of people in the building, window-wall ratio, heating mode, structure type, whether an insulating layer exists or not, and annual energy consumption (electricity, coal, natural gas fuel and the like).
(2) Building carbon emission budget
The building carbon emission budget is mainly based on a basic database, the carbon emission of the materialization stage is calculated according to the quota, and the carbon emission of the operation stage is calculated according to the equipment energy.
The carbon emission in the materialization stage is calculated according to the quota, and the carbon emission is mainly calculated according to the consumption corresponding to different quota numbers of the subsection project.
And calculating the carbon emission of operation according to the energy consumption of the equipment, wherein the main parameters comprise but are not limited to the province and city where the equipment operates, the building type, the equipment name (electric lamps, air conditioners, electric water heaters, lamps, central air conditioners, water pumps, elevators and the like), power, quantity, annual time consumption and the like.
(3) Settlement of carbon emission of building
The carbon emission settlement of the building is mainly to calculate the carbon emission in the materialization stage according to the information of building materials, machinery and energy consumption, wherein the energy consumption is other energy except for the mechanical consumption.
The settlement of the carbon emission of the building relates to the calculation of the carbon emission amount in the operation stage of the building according to the energy consumption amount of the actual operation of the building in a period of time.
The main calculation forms involved in the estimation, budget and settlement of the carbon emission at each stage mainly include the following three ways:
carbon emissions due to energy consumption: carbon emission = energy usage x energy carbon emission factor
Carbon emission due to building material consumption: carbon emission = building material consumption × building material carbon emission factor
Carbon emissions from mechanical use: carbon emission = mechanical consumption x construction machine carbon emission factor
The data processing module comprises a carbon emission factor library of each stage, an energy carbon emission factor, a building material carbon emission factor, a transportation carbon emission factor and a construction machine carbon emission factor, wherein the carbon emission factor of each stage is provided with an expansion interface to dynamically update and supplement, and an enterprise carbon emission database, an industry carbon emission database and a regional carbon emission database are formed through construction of a plurality of projects and other relevant carbon emission data, so that guidance is provided for the carbon emission data of a new bid project of an enterprise. The data processing module of the method relates to carbon emission calculation, the calculation method refers to GB51366, and the calculation formula of each stage is as follows:
and (3) calculating carbon emission in the operation stage:
in the formula: c M For units of construction operation stagesCarbon emission per building area (kgCO) 2 /m 2 )；
E i The year consumption (unit/a) of the ith energy source of the building;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
E i,j the i-th energy consumption of the j-type system;
ER i,j consuming the amount of class i energy provided by the renewable energy system for the class j system (units/a);
i is a building consumption terminal energy type, including electric power, gas, petroleum, municipal heating power and the like;
j is a building energy system type, including a heating air conditioner, a lighting system, a domestic hot water system and the like;
C P annual carbon reduction (kgCO) for building green land carbon sink system 2 /a)；
y is the building design life (a);
a is the building area (m) 2 )。
Carbon emission calculation at the building construction stage:
C jz carbon emission per unit building area (kgCO) for building construction phase 2 /m 2 )；
E jz,i The total energy consumption (kWh or kg) of the ith energy source in the building construction stage;
EF i a carbon emission factor for an ith energy source;
a is the building area (m) 2 )。
Carbon emission calculation at the building demolition stage:
C cc carbon emission per unit building area (kgCO) for demolition of buildings 2 /m 2 )；
E cc,i The total energy consumption (kwh or kg) of the ith type in the building demolition stage;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
a is the building area (m) 2 )。
The metering method of the data processing module is used for counting according to data such as energy consumption bills and electric meters in each stage, and mainly according to energy consumption multiplied by carbon emission factor = carbon emission consumption.
Wherein, the construction stage is implemented with three-area separation, which can respectively count the energy consumption of the working area, the office area and the residential area, and calculate the carbon emission by using the energy consumption.
Calculating the carbon emission in the building material production stage:
in the formula: c sc Carbon emission (kgCO) for building material production stage 2 e)；
M i The consumption of the ith main building material;
F i carbon emission factor (kgCO) as the i-th main building material 2 e/unit number of building materials).
Calculating the carbon emission in the building material transportation stage:
in the formula: c ys Carbon emission (kgCO) for building material transportation stage 2 e)；
M i The consumption of the ith main building material;
D i the average transport distance (km) of the ith building material;
T i the carbon emission factor per unit weight transport distance in the transport mode of the i-th building material.
The baseline data module is shown in fig. 4, and the baseline data includes, but is not limited to, historical item unit yield energy consumption, unit yield carbon emissions, unit area carbon emissions, and unit engineering carbon emissions levels.
The carbon emission prediction module, as shown in fig. 5, can predict carbon emission according to project conditions of a newly contracted project in the current year based on project historical data and baseline data, and the carbon emission data can provide basis for strategic measures and the like of building enterprises.
As shown in fig. 6, the advice diagnosis module recommends a process form, construction organization information, a building material form, and a construction machine with a low carbon emission amount according to the historical project information to form a carbon emission advice database, which can guide the selection of new projects, the formulation of construction organization strategies, and the selection of construction machines.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for predicting carbon emission of a building enterprise is characterized in that based on project historical data and baseline data, carbon emission is predicted according to project conditions of newly signed contracts in the current year; the project history data is obtained in the following mode: forming an enterprise carbon emission database, an industry carbon emission database and a regional carbon emission database through construction-related carbon emission data of a plurality of projects, and providing guidance for the carbon emission data of the newly-bid project of the enterprise; the baseline data comprises historical project unit output value energy consumption, unit output value carbon emission, unit area carbon emission and unit engineering carbon emission level; dividing the carbon emissions into calculations and measures; the calculation part comprises three calculation modes of estimation, budget and settlement, the measurement part is used for counting according to energy consumption bills and electric meter data in each stage, three-zone separation is carried out in the construction stage according to energy consumption multiplied by carbon emission factor = carbon emission consumption, energy consumption of a working area, an office area and a residential area is respectively counted, and carbon emission calculation is carried out by utilizing the energy consumption.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the building carbon emission estimation is based on historical data, estimating carbon emissions during materialization, building operation, and building demolition phases based on impact parameters; estimating carbon emission in the stages of building material production and transportation, building construction and building demolition according to influence parameters, wherein the influence parameters comprise structure type, climate zone, building type, building height and building area; estimating carbon emission in an operation stage according to influence parameters, wherein the influence parameters comprise building type, climate zone, building height, building area, regional economic development level, income level of people in the building, window-wall ratio, heating mode, structure type, whether an insulating layer exists or not and annual energy consumption;
the building carbon emission pre-calculation is based on a basic database, the carbon emission of the materialization stage is calculated according to the quota, and the carbon emission of the operation is calculated according to the equipment energy; calculating the carbon emission according to the carbon emission amount of the quota calculation materialization stage and the consumption amount corresponding to different quota numbers of the subsection project; when the carbon emission of operation is calculated according to the energy consumption of the equipment, the used parameters comprise province and city where the equipment operates, building type, equipment name, power, quantity and annual time consumption;
the carbon emission settlement of the building calculates the carbon emission in the materialization stage according to the building materials, the information of the mechanical consumption and the energy consumption, wherein the energy consumption is other energy except for the mechanical consumption; the settlement of the carbon emission of the building relates to the calculation of the carbon emission amount in the operation stage of the building according to the energy consumption amount of the actual operation of the building in a period of time.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the form of calculations involved in the estimation, budgeting and settlement of carbon emissions at each stage comprises:
carbon emissions due to energy consumption: carbon emission = energy usage × energy carbon emission factor;
carbon emission due to building material consumption: carbon emission = building material consumption × building material carbon emission factor;
carbon emissions from mechanical use: carbon emission = mechanical consumption × construction machine carbon emission factor.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the carbon emissions calculation method is as described in GB51366, and the calculation formula for each stage is as follows:
and (3) calculating carbon emission in the operation stage:
in the formula: c M Carbon emission per unit building area in the building operation stage;
E i the ith energy annual consumption of the building is represented;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
E i,j the ith type energy consumption of the j type system;
ER i,j consuming a class i energy amount provided by the renewable energy system for the class j system;
i is the type of the terminal energy consumed by the building, including electricity, gas, oil and municipal heat;
j is a building energy system type, including a heating air-conditioning system, an illumination system and a domestic hot water system;
C P reducing the carbon amount of the green space carbon sink system year by year;
y is the building design life;
a is the building area;
carbon emission calculation at the building construction stage:
C jz carbon emission per unit building area for building construction stage；
E jz,i The total energy consumption of the ith energy source in the building construction stage;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
a is the building area;
carbon emission calculation at the building demolition stage:
C cc the carbon emission per unit building area in the building demolition stage;
E cc,i the total energy consumption of the ith energy source in the building demolition stage;
EF i a carbon emission factor that is a class i energy source;
a is the building area.
Wherein the carbon emission factor pool, the energy carbon emission factor, the building material carbon emission factor, the transportation carbon emission factor and the construction machinery carbon emission factor are known quantities related to the project, wherein the carbon emission factors of each stage are dynamically updated and supplemented.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the carbon emissions during the building material production phase are calculated by:
in the formula: c sc Carbon emission is performed in the building material production stage;
M i consumption of the ith main building material;
F i a carbon emission factor for the ith major building material;
calculating the carbon emission in the building material transportation stage:
in the formula: c ys Carbon emission is carried out in the building material transportation stage;
M i the consumption of the ith main building material;
D i the average transport distance of the i building materials;
T i the carbon emission factor per unit weight transport distance in the transport mode of the i-th building material.
6. A carbon emission recommendation method for construction enterprises is characterized in that the carbon emission prediction of the construction enterprises is carried out by adopting the prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and a carbon emission recommendation database is formed according to historical project information, recommended process forms, construction organization information, building material forms and construction machines to guide new project material selection, construction organization strategy formulation and construction machine selection.
7. A carbon emission prediction and suggestion platform for a building enterprise is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a baseline data module, a carbon emission prediction module and a suggestion diagnosis module;
the project data of the data acquisition module comprises project basic information and a project engineering quantity list, and the detail degree of the data is data meeting project estimation, budget and settlement; different calculation ranges are selected for projects of different service plates according to actual conditions, and the life cycle of a building product is divided into 4 stages from the whole life cycle of the building: the construction material production and transportation stage, the building construction stage, the building operation and use stage, the building demolition and waste treatment stage;
the data processing module comprises a parameter base, a basic database and bottom data for calculating carbon emission, and the data processing module is associated with the engineering quantity information and the energy consumption information of the data acquisition module;
the data processing module adopts the prediction method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 to carry out carbon emission prediction calculation of the construction enterprise;
the baseline data in the baseline data module comprises historical project unit output value energy consumption, unit output value carbon emission, unit area carbon emission and unit engineering carbon emission level;
the carbon emission prediction module predicts the carbon emission based on project historical data and baseline data according to project conditions of a newly signed contract in the current year, and the carbon emission data provides basis for strategic measures and the like of building enterprises;
and the suggestion diagnosis module recommends a process form, construction organization information, a building material form and construction machinery according to the historical project information to form a carbon emission suggestion database, and guides the selection of new projects, the formulation of construction organization strategies and the selection of the construction machinery.
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