CN115407548A - Display device - Google Patents
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- CN115407548A CN115407548A CN202110591599.0A CN202110591599A CN115407548A CN 115407548 A CN115407548 A CN 115407548A CN 202110591599 A CN202110591599 A CN 202110591599A CN 115407548 A CN115407548 A CN 115407548A
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- display device
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133608—Direct backlight including particular frames or supporting means
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a display device, comprising: the display device comprises a display panel and a backlight module; the backlight module includes: backplate, lamp plate, transparent support plate and diffusion layer, transparent support plate are including expanding the beam structure, and the beam structure of expanding can enlarge the scope that light incides transparent support plate's facula to can avoid using transparent support plate to cause the problem of light source irradiation range shrink, improve display device's display effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display device.
Background
With the rapid progress of Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) manufacturing technology and the advantages of being light, thin, power-saving, and radiation-free, LCD displays are widely used in various electronic products such as notebook computers, digital cameras, digital camcorders, mobile phones, computer screens, and LCD tvs.
The backlight module is used as one of the key components of the liquid crystal display panel, and provides a light source with sufficient brightness and uniform distribution for the liquid crystal display panel, so that the liquid crystal display panel can normally display images. The backlight module that uses commonly at present includes side income formula backlight module and straight following formula backlight module, and in straight following formula backlight module, in order to guarantee the homogeneity of display screen luminance, need set up certain mixed light distance between light source and the diffuser plate, however along with the development demand of device slimming, mixed light distance is compressed to appear showing inhomogeneous facula phenomenon, influence display device's display effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In some embodiments of the present invention, a display device includes: the display device comprises a display panel and a backlight module; the backlight module includes: backplate, lamp plate, transparent support plate and diffusion barrier, transparent support plate can enlarge the scope that light incides transparent support plate's facula including expanding the beam structure to can avoid using transparent support plate to cause the problem that the light source irradiation range shrinks, improve display device's display effect.
In some embodiments of the invention, the beam expanding structures correspond to the light sources one to one, so that the light emitting side of each light source is ensured to be provided with the beam expanding structures, the range of light spots of light emitted by each light source and incident on the transparent support plate can be expanded, and the display effect of the display device is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the beam expanding structure is a recessed structure recessed toward a side away from the lamp panel, and is located on a surface of the transparent supporting plate near the lamp panel. When light emergent from the light source, when the sunk structure of air admission transparent support plate, light dredges the medium entering optical density medium from light, takes place the refraction, and exit angle dwindles, to the one side deflection that is close to the normal to enlarged the scope that light incided transparent support plate's facula, and then can avoid using transparent support plate to cause the problem that the light source irradiation range shrinks, improved display device's display effect.
In some embodiments of the invention, because the light emitting pattern of the light source is generally centrosymmetric, the concave structure in the invention is a centrosymmetric structure, and the aperture of the concave structure in the direction away from the lamp panel tends to decrease gradually.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the beam expanding structure is a through hole penetrating the transparent support plate. When light is emergent from the light source, when the through-hole from the air admission transparent support plate, light gets into the optical density medium from the light sparse medium, take place the refraction, because the emergent light of light source no longer is incident from the lower surface of transparent support plate, but from the lateral wall incidence of transparent support plate's through-hole, thereby when the angle of departure reduces, one side deflection to being close to the normal is gone wrong, thereby the scope of the facula that light incided transparent support plate has been enlarged, and then can avoid using transparent support plate to cause the problem that the light source irradiation range shrinks, display device's display effect is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the through-hole is a cylindrical through-hole.
In some embodiments of the invention, the lamp panel further includes a circuit board and a reflective layer, the transparent support plate can contact with the reflective layer, and the light source is accommodated in the beam expanding structure, thereby realizing a design of zero light mixing distance and reducing the thickness of the display device to the greatest extent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the backlight module further comprises a support located between the reflective layer and the transparent support plate for supporting the transparent support plate; and the bracket is positioned at the interval position between two adjacent light sources; or the central position of a quadrangle formed by four adjacent light sources can ensure that the light rays emitted by the light sources can be smoothly emitted.
In some embodiments of the invention, the backlight module further comprises an angle selection film, and the angle selection film can increase the reflection of light rays within the range of 0-70 degrees and increase the reflection of light rays within the range of 70-90 degrees. The range of 0-70 degrees refers to small-angle light emitted by the light source, the range of 70-90 degrees refers to large-angle light emitted by the light source, the small-angle light can be reflected, the light is reflected to the lamp panel, and the large-angle light is emitted in an anti-reflection manner; the low-angle light that is reflected the lamp plate direction back reachs the reflection stratum, again can form partly large-angle light after the scattering or the diffuse reflection of reflection stratum to by the anti-reflection outgoing of angle selective film, reduced the exit intensity of the low-angle light that is close to the exit center from this, and the exit intensity of the large-angle light that increases and keep away from the exit center, make final outgoing illumination unanimous, improve the homogeneity of light source emergent light.
In some embodiments of the invention, the angle-selective film has a transmittance of 20% to 90% for light at 0 ° and a reflectance of less than 10% for light at 70 ° -90 °.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the backlight module further includes a diffusion layer, the diffusion layer includes a substrate and a scattering layer, and the scattering layer can scatter incident light, so that the light passing through the scattering layer is more uniform. Be provided with scattering particle material in the scattering layer, the light incides scattering particle material and can constantly take place refraction and reflection to reach the effect of breaing up light, realize even light's effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlight module in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an angle selective membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a light propagation path according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic diagram illustrating a light propagation path according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic partial sectional view illustrating a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a third schematic partial sectional view illustrating a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of a transparent support plate provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a third schematic diagram illustrating a light propagation path according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a fourth schematic partial sectional view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention.
The backlight module comprises a backlight module 100, a display panel 200, a back panel 11, a lamp panel 12, a transparent support plate 13, an angle selection film 14, a diffusion layer 15, an optical film 16, a support 17, a circuit board 121, a light source 122, a reflection layer 123, a beam expansion structure 131, a substrate 1211 and a circuit layer 1212.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
The liquid crystal display mainly comprises a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel does not emit light, and brightness display needs to be realized by a light source provided by the backlight module.
The display principle of the liquid crystal display is that liquid crystal is placed between two pieces of conductive glass, and the electric field effect of liquid crystal molecule distortion is caused by the driving of an electric field between two electrodes so as to control the transmission or shielding function of a backlight source, thereby displaying an image. If a color filter is added, a color image can be displayed.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the display device includes: a backlight module 100 and a display panel 200.
The display panel 200 is located at the light-emitting side of the backlight module 100, the shape and size of the display panel are generally matched with those of the backlight module, and the display panel 200 may be set to be rectangular in general, including a top side, a bottom side, a left side and a right side, where the top side is opposite to the bottom side, the left side is opposite to the right side, the top side is connected to one end of the top side and one end of the bottom side, and the bottom side is connected to the other end of the top side and the other end of the bottom side.
The display panel 200 is a transmissive display panel, which can modulate the transmittance of light, but does not emit light by itself. The display panel 200 has a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and each pixel unit can independently control the transmittance and color of light incident to the pixel unit from the backlight module 100, so that the light transmitted by all the pixel units forms a displayed image.
The backlight module 100 is generally disposed at the bottom of the display device, and has a shape and size corresponding to those of the display device. When applied to the field of televisions or mobile terminals, the backlight module generally takes a rectangular shape.
Fig. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a backlight module in the prior art.
With the development of thin display devices, the light mixing distance is reduced, and is generally less than 5 mm. Therefore, under the condition that the overall thickness of the backlight module is constant, the smaller the light mixing distance is, the higher the proportion of the light mixing distance occupied by the thickness of the diffusion plate per se is, and the diffusion plate per se is not used as the light mixing distance, so that the size of light spots finally formed by a single light source is reduced.
Therefore, in the prior art, referring to fig. 2, the support function and the diffusion function of the diffuser plate are often separated, the transparent support plate 13 without diffusion particles is used as the support, and a high-haze diffusion layer 15 is further provided for diffusion, so that the thickness of the transparent support plate 13 can be fully used as the light mixing distance, and the light spot range of a single light source can be enlarged. However, the transparent supporting plate 13 is generally made of polymethyl methacrylate PMMA or polycarbonate PC, and when light rays exit from the light source 122 and enter the transparent supporting plate 13 from the air, the light rays enter the optically denser medium from the optically thinner medium, and are refracted, so that the exit angle is reduced, and the light rays above the light source 122 converge (actually enter the light plate range D1) and cannot be diffused to the expected light spot range D2, which causes the problem that the position above the light source 122 is relatively bright and the joint position between two adjacent light sources 122 is relatively dark in the backlight module.
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a display device, which can avoid the problem of the illumination range of the light source 122 shrinking due to the use of the transparent support plate 13, thereby enlarging the range of the light spot of the light incident on the transparent support plate 13 and improving the display effect of the display device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the backlight assembly includes: a back panel 11, a lamp panel 12, a transparent support plate 13, an angle selection film 14, a diffusion layer 15, an optical membrane 16, and a bracket 17.
The back plate 11 is located at the bottom of the backlight module and has supporting and bearing functions. The back plate 11 is typically a rectangular structure, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the display device when applied to a contoured display device. The back panel 11 includes a top side, a bottom side, a left side, and a right side. Wherein the antenna side is opposite to the ground side, the left side is opposite to the right side, the antenna side is connected with one end of the left side and one side of the right side respectively, and the ground side is connected with the other end of the left side and the other end of the right side respectively.
The material of the back plate 11 is aluminum, iron, aluminum alloy or iron alloy. The back plate 11 is used for supporting the lamp panel 12 and supporting and fixing the edge positions of the transparent support plate 13, the angle selection film 14, the diffusion layer 15, the optical diaphragm 16 and other components, and the back plate 11 also plays a role in heat dissipation of the lamp panel 12.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the backlight module is a direct type backlight module, and the lamp panel 12 is located above the back panel 11. In general, the lamp panel 12 may be square or rectangular in shape and, when applied to a special-shaped display device, the shape and size of the lamp panel are adapted to the shape and size of the display device.
According to display device's size can set up a plurality of lamp plates 12, provides in a poor light through the concatenation mode jointly between lamp plate 12. In order to avoid the optical problem that lamp plate 12 concatenation brought, the piece between adjacent lamp plate 12 accomplishes to be less as far as possible, realizes seamless concatenation even.
As shown in fig. 3, the lamp panel 12 specifically includes: circuit board 121, light source 122, and reflective layer 123.
The circuit board 121 includes a substrate 1211 and a wiring layer 1212; the substrate 1211 is located on the back plate 11, and the shape of the substrate 1211 is the same as the overall shape of the lamp panel 12. In general, the substrate 1211 has a plate shape and has a rectangular or square shape as a whole.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the substrate 1211 may be made of glass with a high thermal conductivity, and the substrate 1211 made of glass with a high thermal conductivity can quickly dissipate heat generated by the display device during displaying, so as to avoid the problem of reducing the light emitting efficiency caused by an over-high temperature. Alternatively, the substrate 1211 may be made of a material such as FR4 or PET, but is not limited thereto.
The circuit layer 1212 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is formed by electroplating and depositing a conductive material on the substrate 1211, and etching the circuit as needed, where the conductive material may be copper, which is not limited herein. The conductive material etches a fracture, and both sides of the fracture are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the light source 122.
When the Circuit layer 1212 is formed by the etching process, the substrate 1211 and the Circuit layer 1212 may form a Circuit Board, which may be a Printed Circuit Board (PCB); alternatively, when the circuit layer 1212 is formed by a thin film process, the substrate 1211 and the circuit layer 1212 may also form an array substrate, which is not limited herein.
The light source 122 is located on the circuit layer 1212, and after the circuit layer 1212 is completed, a pad for soldering the light source 122 is formed on the surface of the circuit layer 1212, and the light source 122 is soldered on the pad, so that the light source 122 is driven to emit light by controlling the driving signal of the circuit layer 1212.
In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the light source 122 may be a micro light emitting diode, which is different from a common light emitting diode and has a size much smaller than that of the light emitting diode, and the micro light emitting diode may be a Mini LED, which has the excellent characteristics of an LED and has a small size, so that it is advantageous to control the dynamic light emission of the backlight module to a smaller partition, and it is advantageous to improve the contrast of the image. In embodiments of the present invention, the micro-leds may be in various sizes, for example, the micro-leds may be smaller than 500 μm. The micro light emitting diode can be manufactured in a corresponding size according to practical application, and is not limited herein.
The miniature light-emitting diode can be packaged in two modes of POB and COB, when the miniature light-emitting diode is packaged in the POB packaging mode, a packaging support can be arranged on the outer side of the miniature light-emitting diode and used for packaging and protecting the miniature light-emitting diode, and foreign matters are prevented from entering the interior of the miniature light-emitting diode. In the embodiment of the invention, when the micro light emitting diode is packaged in a POB packaging manner, the lower surface of the micro light emitting diode simultaneously forms a patch electrode, the patch electrode is correspondingly and electrically connected with the electrode of the micro light emitting diode, and the packaged micro light emitting diode is attached to the corresponding position of the circuit layer 1212 after packaging. The POB packaging mode has mature process and good adaptability.
The micro light emitting diode is packaged in a COB packaging manner, the micro light emitting diode is firstly welded to a bonding pad corresponding to the circuit layer 1212, and then the micro light emitting diode is packaged on the surface of the micro light emitting diode in a dispensing manner, wherein the packaging glue on the surface of the micro light emitting diode can be a transparent colloid material, such as silica gel, modified silica gel or epoxy resin with better permeability. COB packaging has higher efficiency and lower cost.
The lamp panel 12 may include only one color of micro light emitting diode, and may also include multiple colors of micro light emitting diodes, which is not limited herein.
The reflective layer 123 is located on a side of the circuit board 121 close to the light source 122, the reflective layer 123 has a shape and a size corresponding to those of the circuit board 121, and the reflective layer 123 includes a plurality of openings for exposing the light source 122 and has a property of reflecting light.
In the embodiment of the invention, the reflective layer 123 is coated on the surface of the circuit board 121 on the side away from the back plate 11 by using a material having a light reflecting property, and the material may be a white ink having a property of reflecting light, and the reflectivity of the white ink is greater than or equal to 85%, which is not limited herein.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the reflective layer 123 may also be a reflective sheet, and the reflective sheet is manufactured by coating a colloid mixed with reflective particles on the surface of the substrate, and the reflectivity of the reflective sheet is greater than or equal to 97%.
The reflecting layer 123 provided by the embodiment of the invention can be a diffuse reflecting layer, and the diffuse reflecting layer can make the reflecting path of the reflected light random and homogenize the light.
The transparent support plate 13 is located on the light emitting side of the lamp panel 12, and the shape of the transparent support plate 13 is consistent with that of the lamp panel 12, and the transparent support plate 13 may be rectangular or square in general.
The transparent support plate 13 is a plate with high transparency, and the adopted material is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or Polycarbonate (PC) and the like.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the transparent supporting plate 13 has a certain thickness and has no diffusion effect on light, so that the thickness of the transparent supporting plate can be calculated to the light mixing distance, which is beneficial to increasing the light mixing distance.
The transparent support plate 13 provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes the beam expanding structure 131, and the beam expanding structure 131 can expand the range of the light spot of the light incident to the transparent support plate 13, so as to avoid the problem that the irradiation range of the light source 122 is shrunk due to the use of the transparent support plate 13, and improve the display effect of the display device.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the beam expanding structures 131 correspond to the light sources 122 one to one, so that the light emitting side of each light source 122 is ensured to be provided with the beam expanding structures 131, and further, the range of light spots of light emitted from each light source 122 incident on the transparent support plate 13 can be expanded, and the display effect of the display device is improved.
The angle selection film 14 is located on the side of the transparent support plate 13 away from the lamp panel 12, and the angle selection film 14 can increase the reflection of light within the range of 0-70 degrees and increase the reflection of light within the range of 70-90 degrees. The range of 0 to 70 degrees refers to the small-angle light emitted by the light source 122, the range of 70 to 90 degrees refers to the large-angle light emitted by the light source 122, so that the small-angle light is reflected, the light is reflected to the direction of the lamp panel 12, and the large-angle light is emitted in an anti-reflection manner; the small-angle light reflected back to the lamp panel 12 reaches the reflecting layer 123, and then forms a part of large-angle light after being scattered or diffused by the reflecting layer 123, so that the light is reflected and emitted in an anti-reflection manner by the angle selecting film 14, the emission intensity of the small-angle light close to the emission center is reduced, the emission intensity of the large-angle light far away from the emission center is increased, the final emission illumination is consistent, and the uniformity of light emitted by the light source is improved.
The thickness range of the angle selection film provided by the embodiment of the invention is 30-60 μm, and because the thickness of the angle selection film is thinner, the angle selection film is formed on the surface of one side of the transparent supporting plate 13, which is far away from the lamp panel 12, so that the flatness of the angle selection film 14 is ensured, and the optical effect of the angle selection film 14 is further ensured.
The angle selective film provided by the embodiment of the invention can increase or reduce the reflection of light rays at a specific incident angle by using a thin film interference principle, and the increasing or reducing effect of the light rays depends on the incident angle of the light rays incident on the film layers, the refractive index of the film layers and the thickness of the film layers, so that two film layers with the same refractive index are prevented from being adjacently arranged in order to not influence the calculation of the thickness of the film layers. And the single-layer film layer has limited reflection increasing or reflection reducing effect on incident light, and in specific implementation, the reflection increasing or reflection reducing effect of the angle selection sheet can be improved by adopting a mode that a plurality of film layers are arranged in a group and a plurality of groups of film layers are arranged in a laminated mode.
The principle of reflecting small-angle light rays while transmitting large-angle light rays by the film layers in the angle selection film will be specifically described below.
As shown in fig. 4, when a light ray is incident on the surface of the thin film with refractive index n2 from the medium with refractive index n1 at an incident angle i, light is reflected and refracted at the interface between the two media n1 and n2, the reflection angle is equal to the incident angle and is still i, and the refraction angle is γ; and the refracted ray, when incident on the lower surface of the film, will also undergo reflection and refraction of light at the lower surface, wherein the reflected ray will pass through the upper surface of the film and refract into the n1 medium, thereby forming two reflected rays (1) and (2) at the upper surface and the lower surface of the film. The optical path difference δ' between the reflected light ray (1) and the reflected light ray (2) is:
if the film thickness of n2 is d and the film thickness is uniform, the refractive index is increased
And is provided with
It is thus possible to obtain:
from the law of refraction it follows:
n 1 sini＝n 2 sinr
thus, it is possible to obtain:
from the above formula, if a multilayer film structure is provided, the optical path difference of the reflected light of the light on the upper limit surface of each layer of medium is only related to the refractive index, thickness and incident angle from the air layer of the layer (according to the law of refraction n) 1 sini＝n 2 sinr, the angle of incidence is fixed).
By utilizing the principle, the multilayer film structure is designed, and the reflectivity or transmittance at different angles can be controlled by arranging the reflection increasing or reflection reducing films with different layers aiming at different angles. The angle selection film provided by the embodiment of the invention can transfer a part of small-angle light originally irradiated at the position right above the light source 122 to the position where the light source 122 and the light source 122 are connected after reflection, thereby realizing the uniformity of the brightness of the thinned back of the backlight module.
The angle selection film 14 provided by the embodiment of the invention has a transmittance of 20-90% for 0 ° light, and a reflectance of 70 ° -90 ° light is less than 10%.
The diffusion layer 15 comprises a substrate 151 and a scattering layer 152, the substrate 151 being located on the side of the angle-selection film 14 facing away from the transparent support plate 13 and having the same shape as the transparent support plate 13, and may be generally arranged in a rectangular or square shape.
The base material 151 provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be made of a PET material, which is not limited herein.
The scattering layer 152 is located on the side of the substrate 151 facing away from the angle selection film 14, and the shape of the scattering layer 152 is the same as that of the substrate 151.
The function of the scattering layer 152 is to scatter incident light, so that the light passing through the scattering layer 152 is more uniform. Scattering particle materials are arranged in the scattering layer 152, and light incident to the scattering particle materials can be refracted and reflected continuously, so that the effect of scattering the light is achieved, and the effect of light uniformity is achieved.
The scattering layer 152 has higher haze, and the haze of the scattering layer 152 provided by the invention is larger than that of a common diffusion plate, generally larger than 40%, and the scattering layer 152 has better uniform effect on light rays at the moment, and generally, the scattering layer 152 can be formed on the surface of the side, away from the angle selection film 14, of the base material 151 by adopting a coating or silk-screen manufacturing method.
The optical film 16 is located on the side of the diffusion layer 15 facing away from the angle selection film 14, and the optical film 16 is provided in a whole layer having the same shape as the whole shape of the diffusion layer 15, and may be provided in a rectangular or square shape in general.
The optical film 16 can be disposed to adapt the backlight module to various practical applications.
In the embodiment provided by the present invention, when the light source 122 comprises only blue micro light emitting diodes, the optical film 16 comprises a quantum dot layer or a fluorescent layer.
The quantum dot layer comprises a red quantum dot material and a green quantum dot material, the red quantum dot material is excited by blue light to emit light with the wavelength of about 620-640 nm and emits red light; the green quantum dot material is excited by blue light to emit light with the wavelength of 520-540 nm and emits green light, and the red light and the green light emitted by excitation and the transmitted blue light are mixed into white light to be emitted.
The fluorescent layer comprises fluorescent materials for stimulating and emitting red light and stimulating and emitting green light, and the red light, the green light and the transmitted blue light which are stimulated and emitted are mixed into white light to be emitted.
In addition, the optical film 16 may further include a prism sheet, which can change the exit angle of light, thereby changing the viewable angle of the display device.
The optical film 16 may further include a reflective polarizer, which is used as a brightness enhancement film to improve the brightness of the backlight module, improve the utilization efficiency of light, and make the emergent light have polarization property, thereby omitting the use of a polarizer under the lcd panel.
Since the transparent supporting plate 13 needs to cover all areas where the lamp panels 12 are located, and the size of the transparent supporting plate is relatively large, so that collapse, warping and deformation are easily caused, and the optical characteristics of the backlight module are deteriorated, a bracket 17 is usually disposed between the lamp panels 12 and the transparent supporting plate 13 for supporting the transparent supporting plate 13.
The bracket 17 is positioned on the reflective layer 123 and at a spacing position between two adjacent light sources 122; alternatively, the light emitted from the light source 122 can be smoothly emitted by the central position of the quadrangle formed by the four adjacent light sources 122.
The material used for the bracket 17 provided by the invention is generally polycarbonate PC.
In specific implementation, the shape of the bracket 17 may be triangular, trapezoidal, conical, etc. with simple shapes, and is not limited herein.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a light propagation path according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 6 is a second schematic diagram of a light propagation path according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 3, 5, and 6, in an embodiment provided by the present invention, the beam expanding structure 131 may be a recessed structure recessed toward a side away from the lamp panel 12, and is located on a surface of the transparent support plate 13 near the lamp panel 12. A set distance is left between the transparent support plate 13 and the lamp panel 12.
Because the light emitting pattern of the light source 122 is generally centrosymmetric, the recessed structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a centrosymmetric structure, and the aperture of the recessed structure along the direction away from the lamp panel 12 tends to gradually decrease.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, when light is emitted from the light source 122 and enters the concave structure of the transparent support plate 13 from the air, the light enters the optically denser medium from the optically thinner medium, and is refracted, the emission angle α is reduced, and the light is deflected to one side close to the normal line i, so that the range of the light spot (which is expanded from D3 to D4) of the light incident to the transparent support plate 13 is expanded, the problem of the light source irradiation range shrinkage caused by using the transparent support plate can be avoided, and the display effect of the display device is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the concave structure is a smooth curved surface, the surface shape of the smooth curved surface may be set according to the light emitting shape of the corresponding light source 122, and the tangent plane M at each position of the smooth curved surface is perpendicular to the light incident to the corresponding tangent point O. When light incides tangential point O on the smooth curved surface from the air from this, the incident light is perpendicular with the incident plane, and the propagation direction of light does not change, can avoid using transparent backup pad to cause the problem that light source irradiation range shrinks, improves display device's display effect.
Fig. 7 is a second schematic partial sectional view illustrating a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, the transparent supporting plate 13 may be in contact with the reflective layer 123, and the light source 122 is accommodated in the recess structure, so that a design with a zero light mixing distance may be implemented, and the thickness of the display device may be reduced to the greatest extent.
Fig. 8 is a third schematic partial sectional view illustrating a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a top view of a transparent support plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a third schematic diagram of a light propagation path according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the beam expanding structure 131 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a through hole penetrating through the transparent support plate 13. The distance between the transparent supporting plate 13 and the lamp panel 12 is set.
Since the light output pattern of the light source 122 is generally centrosymmetric, the through holes are cylindrical in the embodiment provided by the present invention.
Specifically, referring to fig. 10, when light is emitted from the light source 122 and enters the through hole of the transparent support plate 13 from the air, the light enters the optically denser medium from the optically thinner medium and is refracted, and since the light emitted from the light source 122 is not incident from the lower surface of the transparent support plate 13 but is incident from the sidewall of the through hole of the transparent support plate 13, when the emission angle β is reduced, the light is deflected to the side close to the normal ii, so that the range of the light spot incident to the transparent support plate 13 is expanded (expanded from D5 to D6), and the problem of the light source irradiation range shrinking caused by using the transparent support plate can be avoided, thereby improving the display effect of the display device.
Fig. 11 is a fourth schematic partial sectional view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 11, in some embodiments, the transparent supporting plate 13 may be in contact with the reflective layer 123, and the light source 122 is accommodated in the through hole, so that a design with a zero light mixing distance may be implemented, and the thickness of the display device may be reduced to the greatest extent.
According to the first invention concept, the transparent support plate comprises the beam expanding structure, and the beam expanding structure can expand the range of light spots incident to the transparent support plate, so that the problem that the light source irradiation range is shrunk due to the use of the transparent support plate can be avoided, and the display effect of the display device is improved.
According to a second inventive concept, the beam expanding structure may be a recessed structure recessed toward a side away from the lamp panel, and is located on a surface of the transparent support plate near the lamp panel. When light is emitted from the light source and enters the concave structure of the transparent support plate from the air, the light is refracted by the light sparse medium and enters the optically dense medium, the emergent angle is reduced, and the light is deflected to one side close to the normal line, so that the range of light spots of the light incident to the transparent support plate is enlarged, the problem that the light source irradiation range is shrunk due to the use of the transparent support plate can be avoided, and the display effect of the display device is improved.
According to the third inventive concept, the concave structure is a smooth curved surface, the surface shape of the smooth curved surface can be set according to the light emitting shape of the corresponding light source, and the cut surfaces at each position of the smooth curved surface are perpendicular to the light incident to the corresponding tangent point. When light from the tangential point of air incidence on the smooth curved surface, incident light is perpendicular to the incident plane, and the propagation direction of light does not change, can avoid using transparent backup pad to cause the problem that light source irradiation range shrinks, improves display device's display effect.
According to the fourth inventive concept, the transparent support plate can be in contact with the reflective layer, and the light source is accommodated in the concave structure, so that the design of zero light mixing distance can be realized, and the thickness of the display device can be reduced to the greatest extent.
According to a fifth inventive concept, the beam expanding structure is a through hole penetrating the transparent support plate. When light from the light source outgoing, during from the through-hole of air admission transparent support plate, light gets into optical density medium from light sparse medium, take place the refraction, because the lower surface incidence of transparent support plate is no longer followed to the outgoing light of light source, but from the lateral wall incidence of transparent support plate's through-hole, thereby when the exit angle shrinks, to one side deflection near the normal, thereby the scope of the facula that light incided transparent support plate has been enlarged, and then can avoid using transparent support plate to cause the problem that the light source irradiation range shrinks, display device's display effect is improved.
According to the sixth inventive concept, the transparent support plate may be in contact with the reflective layer, and the light source is accommodated in the through hole, so that a design of zero light mixing distance may be implemented, and the thickness of the display device may be reduced to the greatest extent.
According to the seventh invention concept, the beam expanding structures correspond to the light sources one to one, so that the light emitting side of each light source is ensured to be provided with the beam expanding structures, the range of light spots of light emitted by each light source and incident on the transparent support plate can be enlarged, and the display effect of the display device is improved.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A display device, comprising:
a display panel for image display;
the backlight module is positioned on the light incident side of the display panel and used for providing backlight;
the backlight module includes:
the back plate has supporting and bearing functions;
the lamp panel is positioned on one side of the back plate; the lamp panel comprises a light source;
the transparent supporting plate is positioned on one side, away from the back plate, of the lamp panel;
the diffusion layer is positioned on one side of the transparent support plate, which is far away from the lamp panel, and has the function of scattering light;
the transparent support plate includes:
and the beam expanding structure is used for expanding the range of light spots of the light rays incident to the transparent support plate.
2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the beam expanding structures correspond one-to-one with the light sources.
3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the beam expanding structure is a recessed structure recessed to a side away from the lamp panel, and is located on a surface of the transparent support plate close to the lamp panel.
4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the recessed structure is a centrosymmetric structure; the sunk structure is along deviating from the bore of lamp plate direction is the trend that reduces gradually.
5. The display device of claim 2, wherein the beam expanding structure is a through hole extending through the transparent support plate.
6. The display device of claim 4, wherein the via is a cylindrical via.
7. The display device as claimed in claim 3 or 5, wherein the lamp panel further comprises:
the circuit board is positioned on the back plate and used for providing a driving signal; the light source is positioned on one side of the circuit board, which is far away from the back plate;
the reflecting layer is positioned on one side of the circuit board close to the light source; the reflective layer includes an opening for exposing the light source;
the transparent support plate is in contact with the reflecting layer; the light source is accommodated in the beam expanding structure.
8. The display device according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the backlight module further comprises:
the bracket is positioned between the lamp panel and the transparent support plate and used for supporting the transparent support plate;
the bracket is positioned at a spacing position between two adjacent light sources; or the center position of a quadrangle formed by four adjacent light sources.
9. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the backlight module further comprises:
the angle selection film is positioned on the surface of one side, away from the lamp panel, of the transparent support plate; the angle selection film has a transmittance of 20-90% for 0 DEG light and a reflectance of less than 10% for 70-90 DEG light.
10. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the diffusion layer comprises:
the base material is positioned on one side, away from the lamp panel, of the transparent supporting plate;
and the scattering layer is positioned on the surface of one side of the base material, which deviates from the transparent support plate.
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Cited By (1)
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| WO2024159702A1 (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2024-08-08 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight module and manufacturing method therefor, and display panel |
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