CN114063346A - Display device - Google Patents
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- CN114063346A CN114063346A CN202010791424.XA CN202010791424A CN114063346A CN 114063346 A CN114063346 A CN 114063346A CN 202010791424 A CN202010791424 A CN 202010791424A CN 114063346 A CN114063346 A CN 114063346A
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133608—Direct backlight including particular frames or supporting means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
Abstract
The invention discloses a display device, comprising: display panel and backlight unit, backlight unit includes: backplate, light source, diffusion layer, be located the diffusion layer first functional layer of aspect to light source one side, set up transparent substrate in one side of first functional layer towards the light source, can avoid the pointed end of support directly to contact with first functional layer to can avoid first functional layer to be damaged and the fish tail. Meanwhile, the transparent substrate can also play a role in supporting the first functional layer and the diffusion layer, so that the two sides of the first functional layer are supported by plates, and the transparent substrate has higher reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display device.
Background
The liquid crystal display screen has the advantages of low power consumption, small volume, low radiation and the like as the current mainstream display screen. The liquid crystal display panel is a non-self-luminous panel and needs to be matched with a backlight module for use.
In the direct type backlight, a diffusion plate is usually required to be arranged, and a certain distance is generally reserved between the light sources and the diffusion plate, so that sufficient light mixing between the light sources is ensured, and the brightness uniformity of backlight display is improved.
In order to optimize the exit angle and backlight uniformity of the backlight in the direct-type backlight module, a functional film is added below the diffuser plate. The diffuser plate support direct contact function diaphragm if relative motion appears in the diffuser plate, the diffuser plate support inevitable can fish tail function diaphragm, leads to the function diaphragm can't reach required optical property, arouses to show bad scheduling problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In some embodiments of the present invention, the transparent substrate is disposed on a side of the first functional layer facing the light source, so that a tip of the support is prevented from directly contacting the first functional layer, and the first functional layer is prevented from being damaged and scratched. Meanwhile, the transparent substrate can also play a role in supporting the first functional layer and the diffusion layer, so that the two sides of the first functional layer are supported by plates, and the transparent substrate has higher reliability.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the transparent substrate may be made of a transparent material with a relatively high transmittance, such as polymethyl methacrylate or glass.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the transparent substrate can be set within the range of 0.3mm-1mm, so that the transparent substrate is ensured to have a better supporting effect, and the diffusion of light rays is not influenced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the light source is a micro light emitting diode lamp panel, and the micro light emitting diode lamp panel includes:
a circuit board for providing a driving signal;
the micro light-emitting diodes are distributed on the circuit board in an array manner;
the packaging layer is positioned on the surface of one side of the micro light-emitting diode, which is far away from the circuit board;
the reflecting layer is positioned on the surface of one side of the circuit board, which selects the micro light-emitting diode, and is provided with an opening for exposing the micro light-emitting diode;
the bracket is positioned at the interval position of the micro light-emitting diode.
In some embodiments of the invention, the entire packaging layer covers the surface of the micro light-emitting diode;
or the packaging layer covers the surface of the micro light-emitting diode and is provided with mutually discrete dot matrix patterns;
or the packaging layer covers the micro light-emitting diode rows or the micro light-emitting diode columns, and the packaging layer is provided with mutually-separated strip-shaped patterns.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the micro light emitting diode is a blue micro light emitting diode;
the display device further includes:
and the wavelength conversion layer is positioned on one side of the diffusion layer, which is far away from the first functional layer, and is used for emitting red light and green light under the excitation of the excitation light emitted by the blue micro light-emitting diode.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the wavelength conversion layer is a quantum dot layer or a fluorescent layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first functional layer is used for homogenizing emergent light of the lamp panel of the micro light-emitting diode, and the first functional layer can reflect incident small-angle light and transmit incident large-angle light, so that the brightness difference of the micro light-emitting diode between the light-emitting center and the edge position is balanced, and the problems that the right upper side of the micro light-emitting diode is too bright and the boundary position of the adjacent micro light-emitting diode is too dark are solved. The first functional layer is arranged on the light emitting side of the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel, so that the uniformity of emergent light of the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel can be improved, the using number of miniature light emitting diodes can be reduced, and the backlight thin design is realized.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the reflectivity of the first functional layer to incident light decreases with increasing angle of the incident light.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first functional layer has a transmittance of incident light ranging from 0 ° to 70 ° that gradually increases in a range of 10% to 90%, and a reflectance of incident light ranging from 70 ° to 90 ° that is less than 10%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to improve the utilization rate of the excitation light, a second functional layer is disposed between the wavelength conversion layer and the diffusion layer, so that the excitation light emitted from the wavelength conversion layer to one side of the backplane is incident on the second functional layer, and the second functional layer reflects the excitation light to the light emitting side of the backlight module again, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second functional layer can transmit the small-angle light emitted by the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel, and simultaneously reflect the small-angle light emitted by the wavelength conversion layer to the light emitting side of the backlight module, so that the small-angle light emitted by the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel and the small-angle light excited by the wavelength conversion layer have good convergence, thereby improving the display contrast.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first functional layer and the second functional layer are both arranged using the principle of thin film interference. In specific implementation, the first functional layer and the second functional layer respectively comprise a plurality of film layers which are arranged in a laminated manner, and the refractive indexes of the two adjacent film layers are not equal; wherein, the refractive index and the thickness of the film layer satisfy the condition of film interference.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the micro LED lamp panel of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a micro led lamp panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a second schematic top view of the micro led lamp panel according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a third schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of thin film interference provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
The backlight module comprises a backlight module 100, a display panel 200, a back panel 11, a light source 12, a miniature light emitting diode lamp panel, a diffusion layer 13, a first functional layer 14, a support 15, a transparent substrate 16, a wavelength conversion layer 17, a second functional layer 18, an optical membrane 19, a circuit board 121, a miniature light emitting diode 122, a light reflecting layer 123 and an encapsulation layer 124.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted. The words expressing the position and direction described in the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but may be changed as required and still be within the scope of the present invention. The drawings of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent true scale.
The liquid crystal display mainly comprises a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel does not emit light, and brightness display needs to be realized by a light source provided by the backlight module.
The display principle of the liquid crystal display is that liquid crystal is placed between two pieces of conductive glass, and the electric field effect of liquid crystal molecule distortion is caused by the driving of an electric field between two electrodes so as to control the transmission or shielding function of a backlight source, thereby displaying an image. If a color filter is added, a color image can be displayed.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the display device includes: the backlight module 100 is used for providing backlight to the display panel 200, and the display panel 200 is used for displaying images.
The backlight module 100 is generally disposed at the bottom of the display device, and has a shape and size corresponding to those of the display device. When applied to the field of televisions or mobile terminals, the backlight module generally takes a rectangular shape.
The backlight module in the embodiment of the invention adopts the direct type backlight module, is used for uniformly emitting light rays in the whole light emitting surface, and provides light rays with sufficient brightness and uniform distribution for the display panel, so that the display panel can normally display images.
The display panel 200 is located at the light-emitting side of the backlight module 100, and the shape and size of the display panel are generally matched with those of the backlight module. In general, the display panel 200 may be configured in a rectangular shape including a top side, a bottom side, a left side and a right side, wherein the top side is opposite to the bottom side, the left side is opposite to the right side, the top side is connected to one end of the left side and one side of the right side, and the bottom side is connected to the other end of the left side and the other end of the right side.
The display panel 200 is a transmissive display panel, which can modulate the transmittance of light, but does not emit light by itself. The display panel 200 has a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and each pixel unit can independently control the transmittance and color of light incident to the pixel unit from the backlight module 100, so that the light transmitted by all the pixel units forms a displayed image.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 2, a backlight module provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a back plate 11, a light source 12, a diffusion layer 13, a first functional layer 14, a support 15 and a transparent substrate 16.
The back plate 11 is located at the bottom of the backlight module and has supporting and bearing functions. The back plate 11 is typically a square or rectangular structure, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the display device when applied to a contoured display device.
The back panel 11 includes a top side, a bottom side, a left side, and a right side. Wherein the antenna side is opposite to the ground side, the left side is opposite to the right side, the antenna side is connected with one end of the left side and one side of the right side respectively, and the ground side is connected with the other end of the left side and the other end of the right side respectively.
The material of the back plate 11 is aluminum, iron, aluminum alloy or iron alloy. The back plate 11 is used for fixing the light source 12 and supporting and fixing the edge position of the optical film, the diffusion plate and other components, and the back plate 11 also plays a role in dissipating heat of the light source 12.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the backlight module is a direct type backlight module, and the light source 12 is located on the back plate 11. Generally, the light source 12 may be a light bar or a light panel.
The lamp strip and the lamp panel are provided with point light sources, and the point light sources can be light emitting diodes or micro light emitting diodes. Compared with the traditional light emitting diode, the micro light emitting diode has smaller size, can realize more refined dynamic control and improve the dynamic contrast of the display device.
In the embodiment of the invention, the light source 12 can adopt a miniature light-emitting diode lamp panel (12), and the miniature light-emitting diode lamp panel (12) can be square or rectangular as a whole, with the length of 200mm-800mm and the width of 100mm-500 mm.
According to the size of the display device, a plurality of miniature light-emitting diode lamp panels (12) can be arranged, and backlight is provided between the miniature light-emitting diode lamp panels (12) in a splicing mode. In order to avoid the optical problem caused by splicing the miniature light-emitting diode lamp panels (12), the splicing seams between the adjacent miniature light-emitting diode lamp panels (12) are smaller as much as possible, and even seamless splicing is realized.
Referring to fig. 2, the micro light emitting diode lamp panel (12) specifically includes: a circuit board 121, micro light emitting diodes 122, a light reflecting layer 123 and an encapsulation layer 124.
The circuit board 121 is located on the back plate 11, and the shape of the circuit board 121 is the same as the overall shape of the micro light emitting diode lamp panel (12). In general, the circuit board 121 has a plate shape, and has a rectangular or square shape as a whole. The length of the circuit board 121 is 200mm-800mm, and the width is 100mm-500 mm.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the Circuit Board 121 may be a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), where the PCB includes an electronic Circuit and an insulating layer, and the insulating layer exposes a pad of the electronic Circuit, on which the micro light emitting diode is soldered, and covers the rest of the electronic Circuit.
Alternatively, the circuit board 121 may also be an array substrate formed by fabricating a thin film transistor driving circuit on a substrate, and the surface of the array substrate has a connection electrode connected to the thin film transistor driving circuit for soldering a micro light emitting diode.
The substrate or base plate of the circuit board 121 may be made of FR4 or glass, or the substrate or base plate of the circuit board 121 may be made of a flexible material to form a flexible display device.
The circuit board 121 is used for providing a driving electrical signal for the micro light emitting diode 122. The micro light emitting diode 122 and the circuit board 121 are separately manufactured, the surface of the circuit board 121 includes a plurality of bonding pads for soldering the micro light emitting diode 122, the micro light emitting diode 122 is transferred to the bonding pads after the manufacturing, and the micro light emitting diode 122 is soldered on the circuit board 121 through processes such as reflow soldering, so that the micro light emitting diode 122 can be driven to emit light by controlling an input signal of the circuit board 121.
The micro light emitting diodes 122 are located on the circuit board. The electrodes of the micro leds 122 are soldered to the exposed pads of the circuit board 121, so as to electrically connect the two.
The micro light emitting diode 122 is different from a general light emitting diode, and is specifically referred to as a micro light emitting diode chip. The small size of the micro-leds 122 is advantageous for controlling the dynamic light emission of the backlight module to a smaller sub-area, which is advantageous for improving the contrast of the image. In the present embodiment, the micro-leds 122 have a size of 50 μm to 300 μm.
The micro led lamp panel (12) may include only one color of micro leds 122, or may include multiple colors of micro leds 122, which is not limited herein.
The reflective layer 123 is disposed on a surface of the circuit board 121 near the micro light emitting diodes 122. The reflective layer 123 has the same shape as the circuit board 121, and the reflective layer 123 includes a plurality of openings for exposing the micro light emitting diodes 122.
The reflective layer 123 is a protective layer located above the circuit board, and has functions of protecting the circuit board and diffusely reflecting incident light. In the embodiment of the present invention, the light reflecting layer 123 may be coated on the surface of the circuit board 121 by using a material with light reflecting property such as white oil, and then the position of the pad for soldering the micro light emitting diode 122 is exposed by etching or the like.
The reflective layer 123 reflects light, so that light emitted from the micro led lamp panel 122 can be reflected by the reflective layer 123 to the light emitting side again when being reflected to the back plate side by the elements in the backlight module, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the light source.
The encapsulation layer 124 is located on the surface of the micro light emitting diode 122 facing away from the circuit board 121. The encapsulation layers 124 may be disposed separately from each other or disposed in a single layer. When the two layers are separately arranged, the packaging layer 124 only covers the surface of the micro light-emitting diode 122, and no pattern is arranged in other areas of the circuit board; when the whole layer is disposed, the encapsulation layer 124 covers the whole circuit board 121 and the surface of the micro light emitting diode 122.
The encapsulation layer 124 is used to protect the micro light emitting diode 122 and prevent foreign materials from entering the micro light emitting diode 122. In the embodiment of the present invention, the encapsulation layer 124 may be made of a transparent colloid material, such as silicon gel or epoxy resin. The encapsulation layer 124 may be applied by spot coating or full coating.
Referring to fig. 2, the encapsulation layer 124 may cover the surface of the micro light emitting diode 122 in a whole layer, and a layer of the encapsulation layer 124 is coated on the surface of the micro light emitting diode 122 and the circuit board 121 in a whole layer by a spraying method, so that the encapsulation efficiency is high.
Fig. 3 is a second schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic top-view structure diagram of the micro light-emitting diode lamp panel in fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the encapsulation layer 124 may cover the surface of the micro light emitting diode 122, and the encapsulation layer 124 is coated only on the surface of the micro light emitting diode 122 by way of dot coating, so that the encapsulation layer 124 has a mutually discrete dot pattern. The formation of the encapsulation layer 124 by dot coating can save materials and reduce the encapsulation cost.
Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a micro light emitting diode lamp panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a second schematic top view of the micro light emitting diode lamp panel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 5, the encapsulation layer 124 may be coated in a row in the direction of the micro light emitting diode row, or, referring to fig. 6, the encapsulation layer 124 may be coated in a row in the direction of the micro light emitting diode column, so that the encapsulation layer 124 has a stripe pattern separated from each other. The encapsulation layer 124 has high encapsulation efficiency by adopting a full-row coating mode, and meanwhile, the material of encapsulation glue can be saved.
The diffuser layer 13 is located on the light exit side of the light source 12. The diffusion layer 13 is provided in a layer, and the shape of the diffusion layer 13 is the same as that of the back sheet 11. The diffusion layer 13 may be provided in a rectangular or square shape in a general case.
The diffusion layer 13 functions to scatter incident light, making the light passing through the diffusion layer 13 more uniform. The diffusion layer 13 is provided with scattering particle materials, and light incident to the scattering particle materials can be refracted and reflected continuously, so that the effect of scattering the light is achieved, and the effect of light uniformization is achieved.
The diffusion layer 13 may take the form of a diffusion plate or a diffusion sheet. If the light source is applied to a large display device such as a television, a diffusion plate can be adopted; and when being applied to small-size display device such as cell-phone, intelligent bracelet, can adopt the diffusion piece.
The thickness of the diffusion plate is larger than that of the diffusion plate, and the thickness of the diffusion plate is 1.5mm-3 mm. The diffusion plate has a higher haze and a better uniformity, and can be processed by an extrusion process, and the diffusion plate is made of at least one material selected from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Polycarbonate (PC), Polystyrene (PS), and polypropylene (PP).
The diffusion sheet has a thickness of 0.3mm or less, is relatively thin, and is more suitable for small and light display devices. The diffusion sheet is usually prepared by coating diffusion particles on a substrate, and the substrate may be polyethylene terephthalate (PET), glass, or the like, and the diffusion particles may be titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, or the like.
The first functional layer 14 is located on the side of the diffuser layer 13 facing the light source 12. The first functional layer 14 is provided in a layer having the same shape as the diffusion layer 13, and may be provided in a square or rectangular shape in general.
When the light source adopts the micro light-emitting diode lamp panel, the energy distribution of the emergent light of the micro light-emitting diode 122 in the micro light-emitting diode lamp panel meets lambertian distribution, most of the light energy is concentrated in a small angle range right above the emergent light of the micro light-emitting diode 122, so that the right above the micro light-emitting diode 122 is brighter, the junction position of the micro light-emitting diode 122 is darker, and the distribution of the emergent light is uneven.
The first functional layer 14 is used for homogenizing the emergent light of the light source 12, and the first functional layer 14 can reflect the incident small-angle light and transmit the incident large-angle light, so that the small-angle light emitted by the micro light emitting diode is smaller in incident angle when being incident on the first functional layer 14, and most of the light is reflected; the large-angle light emitted from the micro light emitting diode has a large incident angle when entering the first functional layer 14, so that most of the light is transmitted, thereby balancing the brightness difference between the light emitting center and the edge position of the micro light emitting diode 122, and solving the problem that the position right above the micro light emitting diode is too bright and the junction position of the adjacent micro light emitting diodes is too dark. The first functional layer 14 is arranged on the light emitting side of the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel, so that the uniformity of emergent light of the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel can be improved, the using number of the miniature light emitting diodes 122 can be reduced, and the backlight thinning design is realized.
The first functional layer 14 is typically made of a softer polymer material, and the first functional layer 14 may be attached to the surface of the diffusion layer 13 facing the light source 12.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a certain distance needs to be opened between the light source 12 and the diffusion layer 13, so as to ensure that the micro light emitting diodes 122 are fully mixed, thereby ensuring the brightness uniformity of the backlight module.
In order to prevent the diffusion layer 13 from deforming and to maintain the distance between the light source 12 and the diffusion layer 13 to be uniform, a plurality of brackets 15 are provided on the back plate to support the diffusion layer 13.
The brackets 15 are disposed at intervals of the micro light emitting diodes 122 and are uniformly distributed. The bracket 15 is fixed on the back plate by means of a buckle, a screw or an adhesive.
The support 15 is usually made of a light-transmitting material, so that the support 15 can be prevented from blocking the emergent light of the light source.
The material of the support 15 may be a hard material such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), one end of the support 15 close to the diffusion layer 13 is relatively sharp, the first functional layer 14 is disposed on one side of the diffusion layer 13 facing the light source 12, and the material of the first functional layer 14 is relatively soft, so that the tip of the support 15 easily punctures the first functional layer 14, when the diffusion layer 13 moves, the support 15 inevitably scratches the first functional layer 14, which causes the first functional layer 14 to fail to reach a required optical performance, and causes problems such as poor display.
To overcome the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a transparent substrate 16 on the side of the first functional layer 14 facing the light source 12.
The transparent substrate 16 is disposed in a layer, and the size and shape of the transparent substrate 16 are the same as the first functional layer 14, and may be generally square or rectangular.
The transparent substrate 16 may be made of a light-transmitting material having a relatively high transmittance, such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass.
The transparent substrate 16 is disposed between the first functional layer 14 and the support 15, so that the tip of the support 15 can be prevented from directly contacting the first functional layer 14, and the first functional layer 14 can be prevented from being damaged and scratched. Meanwhile, the transparent substrate 16 can also play a role in supporting the first functional layer 14 and the diffusion layer 13, so that the two sides of the first functional layer 14 are supported by plates, and the reliability is higher.
The transparent substrate 16 is typically a parallel plate having an upper surface adjacent to the first functional layer 14 and a lower surface adjacent to the support 15, and the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent substrate 16 are parallel to each other.
The transparent substrate 16 is made of a transparent material with uniform refraction, the refractive index of the transparent substrate 16 may be different from that of air, the refractive index of the material used for the transparent substrate 16 is generally greater than that of air, and the light emitted from the light source is deflected when entering the transparent substrate 16. However, the transparent substrate 16 does not scatter light, and if both the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent substrate 16 are in contact with air, the propagation direction of the light after passing through the transparent substrate 16 will not change.
When light emitted by the light source enters the transparent substrate 16 from air, the emitting angle is correspondingly reduced, and in order to avoid the problem that the coverage of the light emitted by the micro light-emitting diode is reduced due to the fact that the transparent substrate 16 is too thick, the thickness of the transparent substrate 16 in the embodiment of the invention can be set within the range of 0.3mm-1mm, so that the transparent substrate 16 is guaranteed to have a good supporting effect, and meanwhile, the light diffusion is not influenced.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the light source is a micro led lamp panel, the micro led 122 may be a blue micro led for emitting blue light, and the wavelength of the light emitted from the blue micro led is 440nm to 450 nm.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the backlight module according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a wavelength conversion layer 17.
The wavelength conversion layer 17 is located on the side of the diffusion layer 13 facing away from the first functional layer 14, and the wavelength conversion layer 17 is arranged in a whole layer and has the same shape as the back plate 11, and can be arranged in a square or rectangular shape in general.
The wavelength conversion layer 17 includes therein a red light conversion material that is excited to emit red light (620nm to 640nm) under irradiation of blue light and a green light conversion material that is excited to emit green light (520nm to 545nm) under irradiation of blue light. Therefore, the wavelength conversion layer 17 emits red light and green light under excitation of the light emitted from the blue micro-leds, and the blue light, the red light, and the green light are mixed into white light to provide a backlight for the display panel.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the wavelength conversion layer 17 may be a quantum dot layer, and the quantum dot layer includes a red quantum dot material and a green quantum dot material, the red quantum dot material emits red light under excitation of blue light, the green quantum dot material emits green light under excitation of blue light, and the red light and the green light emitted by excitation and the transmitted blue light are mixed to form white light to be emitted.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the wavelength conversion layer 17 may be a fluorescent layer, the fluorescent layer includes a red light conversion material and a green light conversion material, the red light conversion material emits red light under excitation of blue light, the green light conversion material emits green light under excitation of blue light, and the excited emitted red light, green light and transmitted blue light are mixed into white light to be emitted.
Fig. 7 is a third schematic cross-sectional view of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 7, the backlight module provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a second functional layer 18.
The second functional layer 18 is located between the wavelength conversion layer 17 and the diffusion layer 13, and the second functional layer 18 is provided in a layer having the same shape as the wavelength conversion layer 17, and may be provided in a square or rectangular shape in general.
The second functional layer 18 is for transmitting the excitation light emitted from the light source 12 and reflecting the excitation light emitted from the wavelength conversion layer 17.
The red light and the green light excited and emitted by the wavelength conversion layer 17 are emitted not only to the light emitting side of the backlight module, but also to the back plate 11 side. In order to improve the utilization rate of the excitation light, the second functional layer 18 is arranged between the wavelength conversion layer 17 and the diffusion layer 13, so that the excitation light emitted from the wavelength conversion layer 17 to one side of the backlight module can be incident on the second functional layer 18, and the second functional layer 18 reflects the part of the excitation light to the light emitting side of the backlight module again, so that the utilization rate of the light is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 7, the backlight module according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes: an optical membrane 19 on the side of the wavelength converting layer 17 facing away from the diffusing layer 13.
The optical film 19 is provided in a layer and the shape of the optical film 19 is the same as that of the wavelength conversion layer 17, and may be generally provided in a rectangular shape or a square shape.
The optical film 19 can be disposed to adapt the backlight module to various practical applications.
The optical film 19 may include a prism sheet that can change the exit angle of light, thereby changing the viewable angle of the display device. The prism sheet generally has a function of condensing light rays in a forward viewing angle direction, whereby the forward viewing angle luminance can be improved.
The optical film 19 may further include a reflective polarizer, which is a brightness enhancement film, and can improve the brightness of the backlight module, improve the utilization efficiency of light, and make the emergent light have polarization property, thereby omitting the use of the polarizer under the lcd panel.
When the light source adopts a micro light emitting diode lamp panel, the first functional layer 14 in the embodiment of the present invention is configured to reflect the small-angle light emitted from the micro light emitting diode 122, transmit the large-angle light emitted from the micro light emitting diode 122, and reduce the reflectivity of the first functional layer 14 to the incident light with the increase of the angle of the incident light.
When the large-angle light emitted by the micro light emitting diode 122 enters the first functional layer 14, the incident angle is large, and most of the light is transmitted by the first functional layer 14; when the small-angle light emitted by the micro light emitting diode 122 enters the first functional layer 14, the incident angle is small, most of the light is reflected by the first functional layer 14, and the reflected light enters the reflective layer on the lamp panel of the micro light emitting diode and then is scattered or diffusely reflected, so that large-angle light can be generated again and reflected to the first functional layer 14 and transmitted by the first functional layer 14. The limited number of reflections can prevent the energy of the light emitted from the micro led 122 from concentrating in a small angle, so that the light emitted from the micro led 122 is relatively uniform.
The first functional layer 14 has a transmittance for incident light of 0 ° to 70 ° that gradually increases in the range of 10% to 90%, and a reflectance for incident light of 70 ° to 90 ° that is less than 10%.
The second functional layer 18 can transmit the small-angle light emitted from the micro light emitting diode lamp panel, and simultaneously reflects the small-angle light emitted from the wavelength conversion layer 17 to the light emitting side of the backlight module. Therefore, the small-angle light emitted by the miniature light-emitting diode lamp panel can be transmitted by the second functional layer 18, a part of small-angle light is emitted to one side of the light source in the light excited by the wavelength conversion layer 17 after being emitted to the wavelength conversion layer 17, and the part of light can be emitted to the second functional layer 18 and is reflected to one side of the light emitting of the backlight module by the second functional layer 18, so that the small-angle light emitted by the miniature light-emitting diode lamp panel and the small-angle light excited by the wavelength conversion layer 17 have good convergence, and the display contrast is improved.
In the present embodiment, the first functional layer 14 and the second functional layer 18 are both provided by using the principle of thin film interference. In specific implementation, each of the first functional layer 14 and the second functional layer 18 includes a plurality of film layers arranged in a stacked manner, and refractive indexes of two adjacent film layers are not equal; wherein, the refractive index and the thickness of the film layer satisfy the condition of film interference.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of thin film interference provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 8, when a light ray has an incident angle i, the refractive index n1Is incident on a medium having a refractive index n2On the surface of the film of (2), at n1And n2The interface of the two media reflects and refracts light, the reflecting angle is equal to the incident angle and is still i, and the refracting angle is gamma; when the refracted ray is incident on the lower surface of the film, the reflection and refraction of light can also occur on the lower surface, wherein the reflected ray passes through the upper surface of the film to face the n direction1Refracts in the medium, thereby forming two reflected rays (1) and (2) on the upper and lower surfaces of the film. The optical path difference δ' between the reflected light ray (1) and the reflected light ray (2) is:
if the refractive index is n2When the thickness of the film is d and the film has a uniform thickness, the film is formed by
And is
It is thus possible to obtain:
from the law of refraction it follows:
n1 sini＝n2 sinγ；
thus, it is possible to obtain:
as can be seen from the above formula, if the multilayer film structure is provided, the optical path difference of the reflected light of the light on the upper and lower surfaces of each layer of medium is only related to the refractive index, thickness and incident angle of the layer. In practical applications, light is generally incident into the film from an air medium and is reflected on the upper surface and the lower surface of the film, i.e. the refractive index n of the above formula 11, the above formula can therefore be simplified to:
according to the principle of film interference, when the optical path difference of the reflected light beams of the upper surface and the lower surface of the film is integral multiple of the wavelength, the two light beams are coherent and long; when the optical path difference of the reflected light rays of the upper surface and the lower surface is odd times of the half wavelength, the two light rays are coherently cancelled. According to the principle of energy conservation, if the reflected light is coherent and long, the energy of the reflected light is enhanced, and the energy of the transmitted light is weakened; if the reflected light is coherently canceled, the energy of the reflected light is diminished, and the energy of the transmitted light is increased.
Applying the above principle to the embodiment of the present invention, an increased incident angle θ is provided for any one of the first functional layer 14 and the second functional layer 181And anti-reflection incident angle theta2Using the above principles, a suitable film material can be selected such that the refractive index and thickness of the film layer satisfy the angle of incidence θ1Increase the reflection of the light ray to the incident angle theta2The light is increased in reflection.
According to the first inventive concept, the transparent substrate is disposed on the side of the first functional layer facing the light source, so that the tip of the support can be prevented from directly contacting the first functional layer, and the first functional layer can be prevented from being damaged and scratched. Meanwhile, the transparent substrate can also play a role in supporting the first functional layer and the diffusion layer, so that the two sides of the first functional layer are supported by plates, and the transparent substrate has higher reliability.
According to the second inventive concept, the transparent substrate may be made of a light-transmitting material having a relatively high transmittance, such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass.
According to the third inventive concept, the thickness of the transparent substrate can be set within the range of 0.3mm to 1mm, so that the transparent substrate is ensured to have a good supporting effect, and the diffusion of light rays is not influenced.
According to the fourth inventive concept, the light source can adopt a micro light-emitting diode lamp panel, the first functional layer is used for homogenizing emergent light of the micro light-emitting diode lamp panel, the first functional layer can reflect incident small-angle light and transmit incident large-angle light, so that the brightness difference of the micro light-emitting diodes between the light-emitting center and the edge position is balanced, and the problems that the light is over-bright right above the micro light-emitting diodes and the junction position of the adjacent micro light-emitting diodes is over-dark are solved. The first functional layer is arranged on the light emitting side of the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel, so that the uniformity of emergent light of the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel can be improved, the using number of miniature light emitting diodes can be reduced, and the backlight thin design is realized.
According to the fifth inventive concept, the reflectance of the first functional layer to the incident light decreases as the angle of the incident light increases.
According to the sixth inventive concept, the transmittance of the first functional layer to incident light of 0 ° to 70 ° is gradually increased in the range of 10% to 90%, and the reflectance to incident light of 70 ° to 90 ° is less than 10%.
According to the seventh invention concept, in order to improve the utilization rate of the exciting light, the second functional layer is arranged between the wavelength conversion layer and the diffusion layer, so that the exciting light emitted from the wavelength conversion layer to one side of the panel of the micro light-emitting diode can be incident on the second functional layer, and the second functional layer reflects the part of the exciting light to one side of the light-emitting side of the backlight module again, so that the utilization rate of the light is improved.
According to the eighth inventive concept, the second functional layer can transmit the small-angle light emitted from the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel, and simultaneously reflect the small-angle light emitted from the wavelength conversion layer to the light emitting side of the backlight module, so that the small-angle light emitted from the miniature light emitting diode lamp panel and the small-angle light excited by the wavelength conversion layer have good convergence, and the display contrast is improved.
According to the ninth inventive concept, the first functional layer and the second functional layer are both disposed using the principle of thin film interference. In specific implementation, the first functional layer and the second functional layer respectively comprise a plurality of film layers which are arranged in a laminated manner, and the refractive indexes of the two adjacent film layers are not equal; wherein, the refractive index and the thickness of the film layer satisfy the condition of film interference.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A display device, comprising:
a display panel for image display;
the backlight module is positioned at the light incidence side of the display panel and used for providing backlight;
the backlight module includes:
the back plate has supporting and bearing functions;
the light source is positioned on the back plate and used as a backlight source;
the diffusion layer is positioned on the light emitting side of the light source and is away from the light source by a set distance;
the first functional layer is positioned on one side, facing the light source, of the diffusion layer and is used for homogenizing emergent light of the light source;
a transparent substrate located on a side of the first functional layer facing the light source;
and the support is distributed between the back plate and the transparent substrate and has a supporting function.
2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the transparent substrate is made of polymethyl methacrylate or glass.
3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the transparent substrate has a thickness of 0.3mm to 1 mm.
4. A display device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light source is a miniature led lamp panel;
the miniature LED lamp plate includes:
a circuit board for providing a driving signal;
the micro light-emitting diodes are distributed on the circuit board in an array manner;
the packaging layer is positioned on the surface of one side, away from the circuit board, of the micro light-emitting diode;
the light reflecting layer is positioned on the surface of one side of the circuit board, which selects the micro light-emitting diode, and is provided with an opening for exposing the micro light-emitting diode;
the bracket is positioned at the interval position of the micro light-emitting diode.
5. The display device according to claim 4, wherein the encapsulation layer covers the surface of the micro light emitting diode in a whole layer;
or the packaging layer covers the surface of the micro light-emitting diode and is provided with mutually discrete dot matrix patterns;
or the packaging layer covers the micro light-emitting diode rows or the micro light-emitting diode columns and is provided with mutually-separated strip-shaped patterns.
6. The display device of claim 4, wherein the micro light emitting diodes are blue micro light emitting diodes;
the backlight module further comprises:
and the wavelength conversion layer is positioned on one side of the diffusion layer, which is far away from the first functional layer, and is used for emitting red light and green light under the excitation of the excitation light emitted by the blue micro light-emitting diode.
7. The display device of claim 6, wherein the wavelength conversion layer is a quantum dot layer or a phosphor layer.
8. The display device of claim 6, wherein the first functional layer is configured to: the larger the incident angle of the incident ray, the smaller the reflectance to the incident ray.
9. The display device of claim 6, wherein the backlight module further comprises:
and the second functional layer is positioned between the wavelength conversion layer and the diffusion layer and is used for transmitting the excitation light emitted by the miniature light-emitting diode lamp panel and reflecting the excitation light emitted by the wavelength conversion layer.
10. The display device of claim 9, wherein the first functional layer and the second functional layer each comprise:
the film layers are arranged in a laminated mode, and the refractive indexes of two adjacent film layers are not equal;
the refractive index and the thickness of the film layer meet the condition of film interference.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010791424.XA CN114063346A (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Display device |
| PCT/CN2021/081640 WO2021190399A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2021-03-18 | Display device |
| PCT/CN2021/081821 WO2021190414A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2021-03-19 | Display device |
| US17/656,766 US11796859B2 (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2022-03-28 | Display apparatus with micro light emitting diode light board |
| US17/656,965 US11822183B2 (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2022-03-29 | Display apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010791424.XA CN114063346A (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Display device |
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| CN114063346A true CN114063346A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114994980A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-02 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight plate, preparation method thereof and display device |
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| CN110908181A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-03-24 | 三星显示有限公司 | Display device |
| CN111399280A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 海信视像科技股份有限公司 | Display device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110908181A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-03-24 | 三星显示有限公司 | Display device |
| CN111399280A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 海信视像科技股份有限公司 | Display device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114994980A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-02 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight plate, preparation method thereof and display device |
| CN114994980B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2024-01-26 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight plate, preparation method thereof and display device |
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