CN115407440A - Laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode annular aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system - Google Patents
Laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode annular aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115407440A CN115407440A CN202210994108.1A CN202210994108A CN115407440A CN 115407440 A CN115407440 A CN 115407440A CN 202210994108 A CN202210994108 A CN 202210994108A CN 115407440 A CN115407440 A CN 115407440A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
- G02B5/126—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
- G02B5/126—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface
- G02B5/13—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface plural curved refracting elements forming part of a unitary body
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode annular aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system, which consists of a mirror body and long-wave infrared and laser detectors distributed on two sides of the mirror body, wherein the mirror body and the two detectors are arranged along an optical axis; the circular ring-shaped refraction mirror surface, the circular ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface and the circular light splitting surface are distributed on the light splitting side of the mirror body from the edge of the mirror body to the optical axis in sequence; on the light-emitting side of the mirror body, a circular primary reflecting mirror surface, a circular tertiary reflecting mirror surface and a circular refracting mirror surface are distributed in sequence from the edge of the mirror body to an optical axis. The folding light path design of the lens body in the integral structure can lead the optical structure to be compact, and the ratio of the axial size of the system to the focal length of the system can reach 0.35 to 0.5. The invention realizes high-quality imaging by optimizing the high-order aspheric surface type in each annular transmission or reflection surface and correcting aberration in the long-wave infrared 7.7-9.5 mu m wave band; good focusing was achieved at the laser 1.064 μm wavelength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical imaging, in particular to an imaging optical system of a laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode ring-shaped aperture ultrathin seeker.
Background
At present, war and accurate weapon guidance under information condition becomes an important means for implementing destructive striking. The hitting precision of the accurate guided weapon mainly depends on the guidance technology of the seeker. With the increasing number of countermeasure levels and the increasing complexity of countermeasure means in the attack process of the accurate guidance weapon, the single guidance mode has been difficult to meet the requirement of accurate guidance in the complex and changeable modern battlefield environment. The laser and infrared dual-mode composite guidance is regarded as the technology with the most development prospect, and can realize photoelectric complementation, thereby overcoming respective defects and comprehensively utilizing the advantages of the laser and infrared dual-mode composite guidance and the photoelectric complementation. The infrared imaging system is mainly used for detecting scenes, eliminating the interference of various light and heavy baits and identifying a target to be intercepted. The laser radar emits a laser beam to illuminate a selected target, and the reflected laser is converged on a detector to extract various information such as spectral amplitude, phase and the like. The targets can be accurately identified by carrying out information fusion processing on a plurality of kinds of information of the targets provided by the two sensors.
An article entitled "infrared/laser co-aperture dual mode seeker optics design" (Yinhua dust, backup voltage, infrared and laser engineering [ J ]. 2015,44 (2): 428-431.) proposes an optics system that integrates an infrared sensor and a lidar imaging sensor with the same receive aperture. The system adopts a card type optical system structure, a dichroic beam splitter plate is added behind a secondary mirror to serve as a color splitting surface, a transmission part is an infrared band, and the infrared band passes through four refractive lenses and then is focused on a medium wave refrigeration infrared detector, so that the cold diaphragm efficiency of 100 percent is realized; the reflection part is a laser wave band, and is focused to a laser detector after passing through three refractive lenses. Although the system realizes the dual-mode common-aperture imaging of infrared and laser, the system has a complex structure, two reflectors, seven refraction lenses and a spectroscope, and the size and the weight of the system are large.
An article entitled "optical system of infrared/laser dual-mode seeker" (left army, dazzling, infrared and laser engineering [ J ]. 2009,38 (3): 495-499.) designs a common-aperture infrared imaging/laser radar dual-mode seeker optical system, which adopts a catadioptric optical system, and an infrared lens group is added between a secondary mirror and an image plane of a Cassegrain system to correct aberration, so that the system can meet good imaging performance in an infrared band, the total length of the infrared system is 102mm, and the ratio of the total length to the focal length is 0.73. For a laser receiving system, a layer of color separation film is plated on the surface of a secondary mirror to transmit laser wavelength, and forms a laser receiving lens group with other lenses to converge laser energy on a detector. Although the system plates the color separation film on the surface of the secondary mirror, the number of optical elements is reduced to a certain extent, but the card type reflection system and a plurality of refraction lenses are combined, and the miniaturization of the system cannot be realized.
A chinese patent application with publication number CN201920536637 discloses a technical scheme of a common-caliber composite imaging optical system of visible light and long-wave infrared, which comprises: the infrared compound lens group and the prism group are arranged along the light path in sequence; the center of the infrared lens close to one side of the fairing in the infrared composite lens group is provided with an opening; the prism group is arranged at the opening and used for guiding the visible light entering from the opening to the outside of the infrared composite lens group. Although the system adopts the prism to guide the visible light to the outside of the optical path of the infrared compound lens group, the system comprises the prism and a plurality of refraction lenses, and the structure of the optical path system is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an imaging optical system of a laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode ring-shaped aperture ultrathin seeker, which can realize dual-mode imaging of laser and long-wave infrared by using a single optical element, has a compact structure and is easy to process and manufacture.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode annular aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system comprises a mirror body 1, a long-wave infrared detector and a laser detector which are arranged along an optical axis, wherein the long-wave infrared detector 2 and the laser detector 3 are respectively positioned on two sides of the mirror body 1; the circular ring-shaped refraction mirror surface 4, the circular ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface and the circular light splitting surface are distributed on the light splitting side of the mirror body in sequence from the edge of the mirror body to the optical axis; on the light-emitting side of the mirror body, a circular primary reflecting mirror surface, a circular tertiary reflecting mirror surface and a circular refracting mirror surface are distributed in sequence from the edge of the mirror body to an optical axis; the circle ring refraction mirror surface, circle ring primary reflection mirror surface, circle ring secondary reflection mirror surface, circle ring tertiary reflection mirror surface, circular beam splitting surface, circular refraction mirror surface type is high order aspheric surface, and the summit of each high order aspheric surface all is located the imaging system optical axis, get into the mirror body through circle ring refraction mirror surface refraction when incident beam, first reflection in circle ring primary reflection mirror surface department, second reflection in circle ring secondary reflection mirror surface department, third reflection in circle ring tertiary reflection mirror surface department, divide light at circular beam splitting surface, wherein long wave infrared band transmits, focus on long wave infrared detector, and laser wave band reflection is and from circular refraction mirror surface outgoing, focus on laser detector.
The ratio of the axial dimension of the lens body to the focal length of the system ranges from 0.35 to 0.5.
The high-order aspheric equations of the circular annular refraction mirror surface, the circular annular primary reflection mirror surface, the circular annular secondary reflection mirror surface, the circular annular tertiary reflection mirror surface, the circular beam splitting surface and the circular refraction mirror surface in the mirror body are as follows:
wherein z is the surface rise, C is the basic curvature at the vertex, k is the conic constant, r is the radial coordinate of the point on the aspheric surface, and A, B, C, D, \ 8230all are aspheric coefficients.
The imaging wave band of the system is 7.7-9.5 μm long wave infrared wave band and 1.064 μm laser wavelength.
Incident light beams are refracted through the circular ring-shaped refraction mirror surface and enter the mirror body, are reflected for the first time at the circular ring-shaped primary reflection mirror surface, are reflected for the second time at the circular ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface, are reflected for the third time at the circular ring-shaped tertiary reflection mirror surface, are subjected to light splitting at the circular light splitting surface, are transmitted by long-wave infrared wave bands, are focused to the long-wave infrared detector, and are reflected by laser wave bands, are emitted from the circular refraction mirror surface and are focused to the laser detector. The folding light path design of the lens body in the whole structure can enable the optical structure to be compact, and the ratio of the axial size of the system to the focal length of the system can reach 0.35-0.5. The invention realizes high-quality imaging by optimizing the high-order aspheric surface type in each annular transmission or reflection surface and correcting aberration in a long-wave infrared 7.7-9.5 mu m wave band; the laser realizes good focusing at the wavelength of 1.064 μm, and has compact structure and high imaging quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the imaging optical path of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the modulation transfer function of the present invention at the long-wave infrared band of 7.7 μm to 9.5. Mu.m.
FIG. 4 is a dot arrangement of the present invention at a laser wavelength of 1.064 μm.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the present invention comprises a mirror body 1, a long-wave infrared detector 2 and a laser detector 3 arranged along an optical axis, wherein the long-wave infrared detector 2 and the laser detector 3 are respectively positioned at two sides of the mirror body 1; as shown in fig. 2, on the light splitting side of the mirror body 1, a circular ring-shaped refraction mirror surface 4, a circular ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface 6 and a circular light splitting surface 8 are distributed in sequence from the edge of the mirror body to the optical axis; on the light-emitting side of the mirror body 1, a circular primary reflecting mirror surface 5, a circular tertiary reflecting mirror surface 7 and a circular refracting mirror surface 9 are distributed in sequence from the edge of the mirror body to an optical axis; the annular refraction mirror surface 4, the annular primary reflection mirror surface 5, the annular secondary reflection mirror surface 6, the annular tertiary reflection mirror surface 7, the circular light splitting surface 8 and the circular refraction mirror surface 9 are high-order aspheric surfaces, and vertexes of the high-order aspheric surfaces are all located on an optical axis of the imaging system. The equation for the higher order aspheric surface is
Wherein z is the surface rise, C is the base curvature at the vertex, k is the conic constant, r is the radial coordinate of the point on the aspheric surface, and A, B, C, D, \ 8230all are aspheric coefficients. The imaging wave band of the invention is a long wave infrared wave band of 7.7-9.5 μm and a laser wavelength of 1.064 μm.
During actual use, an incident light beam is refracted through the circular ring-shaped refraction mirror surface 4 to enter the mirror body 1, reflected for the first time at the circular ring-shaped primary reflection mirror surface 5, reflected for the second time at the circular ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface 6, reflected for the third time at the circular ring-shaped tertiary reflection mirror surface 7, split at the circular splitting surface 8, wherein a long-wave infrared band is transmitted and focused on the long-wave infrared detector 2, and a laser band is reflected and emitted from the circular refraction mirror surface 9 and focused on the laser detector 3.
The ratio range of the axial dimension of the lens body 1 to the system focal length is 0.35 to 0.5.
The structural schematic diagram of the laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode annular aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, and the system comprises a mirror body 1, a long-wave infrared detector 2 and a laser detector 3. The long-wave infrared detector 2 and the laser detector 3 are respectively positioned at two sides of the mirror body 1 and are arranged along the optical axis. The distance from the long-wave infrared detector 2 to the mirror body 1 and the distance from the mirror body 1 to the laser detector 3 adopt air as a medium for light propagation.
In this embodiment, a schematic diagram of an optical path structure of an imaging optical system of a laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode ring-shaped aperture ultrathin seeker is shown in fig. 2, and a ring-shaped refraction mirror surface 4, a ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface 6 and a circular splitting surface 8 are sequentially distributed on the splitting side of a mirror body 1 from the edge of the mirror body to an optical axis; a circular primary reflecting mirror surface 5, a circular tertiary reflecting mirror surface 7 and a circular refracting mirror surface 9 are distributed on the light emergent side of the mirror body 1 from the edge of the mirror body to an optical axis in sequence; the annular refraction mirror surface 4, the annular primary reflection mirror surface 5, the annular secondary reflection mirror surface 6, the annular tertiary reflection mirror surface 7, the circular light splitting surface 8 and the circular refraction mirror surface 9 are high-order aspheric surfaces, and the vertex of each high-order aspheric surface is positioned on the optical axis of the imaging system.
The incident beam is refracted by the circular ring-shaped refracting mirror surface 4 and enters the mirror body 1, and the diaphragm is positioned at the circular ring-shaped refracting mirror surface 4. The long-wave infrared band imaging light beam is reflected for three times by the circular ring-shaped primary reflection mirror surface 5, the circular ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface 6 and the circular ring-shaped tertiary reflection mirror surface 7, refracted and emitted by the circular beam splitting surface 8, and focused to the long-wave infrared detector 2. The laser band imaging light beam is reflected for four times by the circular ring-shaped primary reflection mirror surface 5, the circular ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface 6, the circular ring-shaped tertiary reflection mirror surface 7 and the circular light splitting surface 8, then refracted and emitted by the circular refraction mirror surface 9, and focused on the laser detector 3.
The focal length of the long-wave infrared imaging system is 70mm, the full field of view is 8 degrees, the F number is 1.3, the imaging wave band is 7.7-9.5 mu m, the axial size of the system is 27.6mm, and the ratio of the axial size of the system to the focal length of the system is 0.39.
The modulation transfer function curves of the design examples are shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen that the modulation transfer function curves at each field of view in the figure tend to the diffraction limit, with an adjusted transfer function value greater than 0.13 at the nyquist frequency of 41.7 cycles/mm. By optimizing the aspheric surface parameters of the circular ring-shaped refraction mirror surface 4, the circular ring-shaped primary reflection mirror surface 5, the circular ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface 6, the circular ring-shaped tertiary reflection mirror surface 7 and the circular light splitting surface 8, the monochromatic aberration and the chromatic aberration of a long-wave infrared band are effectively corrected, and high-quality imaging is realized.
The values of the modulation transfer function at different fields of view of the long-wave infrared band for the design example are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The focal length of the laser band imaging system is 57mm, the full field of view is 10 degrees, the F number is 1.05, the imaging band is 1.064 mu m, the axial size of the system is 27.6mm, and the ratio of the axial size of the system to the focal length of the system is 0.48.
The laser waveband dot pattern of the design example is shown in fig. 4. By optimizing aspheric surface parameters of the annular refraction mirror surface 4, the annular primary reflection mirror surface 5, the annular secondary reflection mirror surface 6, the annular tertiary reflection mirror surface 7, the circular light splitting surface 8 and the circular refraction mirror surface 9, the root-mean-square size of the scattered spots in each field of view is effectively reduced.
The root mean square values of the diffuse speckles at different fields of view of the laser band for the design examples are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
The technical effects of the present invention are shown in the following aspects.
An incident beam of the laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode annular-aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system is refracted through the annular refraction mirror surface 4 and enters the mirror body 1, is reflected for the first time at the annular primary reflection mirror surface 5, is reflected for the second time at the annular secondary reflection mirror surface 6, is reflected for the third time at the annular tertiary reflection mirror surface 7, is split at the circular splitting surface 8, is transmitted in a long-wave infrared band and is focused on the long-wave infrared detector 2, and is reflected in a laser band and is emitted from the circular refraction mirror surface 9 and focused on the laser detector 3. The folding light path design of the lens body 1 can make the optical structure compact, and the ratio of the axial size of the system to the focal length of the system can reach 0.35-0.5.
In a specific embodiment, high-order aspheric surface types in all circular transmission or reflection surfaces are optimized, and aberration is corrected in a long-wave infrared 7.7-9.5-micron wave band, so that high-quality imaging is realized; good focusing was achieved at the laser 1.064 μm wavelength.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for the terms of orientation, such as "central", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the application of the principles of the technology. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and may include more effective embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. Laser and ultra-thin seeker imaging optical system in infrared bimodulus annular aperture of long wave, its characterized in that: the long-wave infrared detector comprises a mirror body (1), a long-wave infrared detector (2) and a laser detector (3), wherein the long-wave infrared detector (2) and the laser detector (3) are arranged along an optical axis and are respectively positioned on two sides of the mirror body (1); the light splitting side of the mirror body (1) is sequentially provided with a circular ring-shaped refraction mirror surface (4), a circular ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface (6) and a circular light splitting surface (8) from the edge of the mirror body to an optical axis; a circular primary reflecting mirror surface (5), a circular tertiary reflecting mirror surface (7) and a circular refracting mirror surface (9) are sequentially distributed on the light emergent side of the mirror body (1) from the edge of the mirror body to an optical axis; the utility model discloses a laser imaging system, including ring shape refraction mirror surface (4), ring shape primary reflection mirror surface (5), ring shape secondary reflection mirror surface (6), ring shape tertiary reflection mirror surface (7), circular beam splitting surface (8), circular refraction mirror surface (9) face type is high order aspheric surface, and the summit of each high order aspheric surface all is located the imaging system optical axis, get into mirror body (1) through ring shape refraction mirror surface (4) refraction as incident beam, locate the primary reflection at ring shape primary reflection mirror surface (5), locate the secondary reflection at ring shape secondary reflection mirror surface (6), locate the tertiary reflection at ring shape tertiary reflection mirror surface (7), carry out the beam split in circular beam splitting surface (8), wherein long wave infrared band transmits, focus on long wave infrared detector (2), and laser wave band reflection and from circular refraction mirror surface (9) outgoing, focus on laser detector (3).
2. The imaging optical system of the laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode annular aperture ultrathin seeker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the axial dimension of the mirror body (1) to the system focal length ranges from 0.35 to 0.5.
3. The laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode ring-aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the high-order aspheric equations of the ring-shaped refraction mirror surface (4), the ring-shaped primary reflection mirror surface (5), the ring-shaped secondary reflection mirror surface (6), the ring-shaped tertiary reflection mirror surface (7), the circular spectroscopic surface (8) and the circular refraction mirror surface (9) in the mirror body (1) are as follows:
wherein z is the surface rise, C is the basic curvature at the vertex, k is the conic constant, r is the radial coordinate of the point on the aspheric surface, and A, B, C, D, \ 8230all are aspheric coefficients.
4. The laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode ring-aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system of claim 1, characterized in that: the imaging wave band of the system is 7.7-9.5 μm long wave infrared wave band and 1.064 μm laser wave.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210994108.1A CN115407440A (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2022-08-18 | Laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode annular aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210994108.1A CN115407440A (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2022-08-18 | Laser and long-wave infrared dual-mode annular aperture ultrathin seeker imaging optical system |
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