CN115407404A - Self-adaptive marine mobile sound chromatography device - Google Patents
Self-adaptive marine mobile sound chromatography device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115407404A CN115407404A CN202211365343.9A CN202211365343A CN115407404A CN 115407404 A CN115407404 A CN 115407404A CN 202211365343 A CN202211365343 A CN 202211365343A CN 115407404 A CN115407404 A CN 115407404A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography device, which relates to the technical field of marine monitoring, and comprises a mobile observation station and a fixed observation station, and is characterized in that the mobile observation stations are distributed in an observation water area and comprise a mobile platform; a plurality of fixed observation stations are arranged in an observation water area in a staggered manner, each fixed observation station comprises a pile body, a first energy component and a first central control cabinet are arranged at the upper part of the pile body, a transmitting transducer and a hydrophone are arranged at the lower part of the pile body, and the upper part of the pile body is exposed out of the water; the bottom of the mobile platform is provided with a transmitting transducer, a hydrophone and a CTD sensor; and the mobile observation station and the fixed observation station are both provided with positioning and timing devices. The invention solves the problems that the observation ocean current data is lack of measurement and each observation station is not stable enough due to the fact that the sound ray propagation quality of the fixed point cannot solve the problem of skip layer effect caused by seasonal changes of ocean environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean monitoring, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive ocean mobile acoustic chromatography device.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
Ocean acoustic tomography is an important technical means for measuring ocean hydrological information, and utilizes the change of the propagation speed of sound waves in the ocean to invert ocean environment parameters including ocean current, ocean temperature and the like. Marine acoustic tomography has the following advantages in obtaining marine environmental information:
1) Because the sound wave has the advantage of small loss when being transmitted in the seawater, large-range marine environment information can be obtained;
2) Based on the acoustic propagation multi-path effect, limited acoustic chromatography nodes can be used for acquiring the three-dimensional structure of the marine environment field;
3) The acoustic chromatography is a non-contact measurement method, and can avoid the influence on the marine environment caused by the arrangement of instruments.
The system comprises a plurality of water surface moving platforms arranged on the periphery of an observation sea area, three hydrophones are arranged at the bottom of each water surface moving platform and used for accurately positioning underwater acoustic transducers, each water surface moving platform is connected with underwater low-frequency and high-frequency underwater acoustic transducers through a dragging cable, each water surface moving platform is provided with a positioning and time service device, the self positioning of the water surface moving platform is realized, the underwater acoustic transducers synchronously emit detection acoustic waves, the high-frequency underwater acoustic transducers emit high-frequency acoustic signals to be matched with the three hydrophones so as to realize the accurate positioning of the high-frequency and low-frequency underwater acoustic transducers, the low-frequency underwater acoustic transducers emit medium and low-frequency acoustic signals, and the low-frequency underwater acoustic transducers receive the emitted signals mutually with the low-frequency underwater acoustic transducers of other water surface moving platforms, so that the acoustic chromatography observation of marine hydrological information is realized. By using the self-adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography system and method, the accuracy of marine hydrological information measurement can be obviously improved.
It should be noted that the above background description is only for the convenience of clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present application and for the understanding of those skilled in the art. Such solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art merely because they have been set forth in the background section of the present application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography device, which solves the problems that the propagation quality of sound rays at a fixed point cannot solve the problem of skip layer effect caused by seasonal changes of marine environment, so that the observed ocean current data is lack of measurement and each observation station is not stable enough.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
an adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography device, comprising,
the mobile observation stations are distributed in an observation water area and comprise mobile platforms;
the fixed observation stations are distributed in the observation water area in a staggered mode and comprise pile bodies, a first energy component and a first central control cabinet are arranged on the upper portions of the pile bodies, transmitting transducers and hydrophones are arranged on the lower portions of the pile bodies, and the upper portions of the pile bodies are exposed out of the water surface;
the system is characterized in that a transmitting transducer, a hydrophone and a CTD sensor are arranged at the bottom of the mobile platform;
and the mobile observation station and the fixed observation station are both provided with positioning and timing devices.
The invention realizes the time synchronization and the emission/reception synchronization by the design of the whole device, the bottom of the mobile platform and the lower part of the fixed observation station are provided with the emission transducers which can synchronously send and receive sound signals through the emission transducers and the hydrophones, each observation station can store the received data into a built-in industrial personal computer hard disk through an instrument, in addition, the observed data in the time period can be transmitted back to a server terminal through a network intermittently, the sound propagation time between each station pair can be obtained by analyzing data files of different signal codes transmitted back by different station positions, the vertical average flow velocity data on the measurement line between each station pair can be further obtained, then the flow field below the water surface is assimilated into the high-resolution three-dimensional force model of the water area by using the technical means of assimilation and inversion and the like, the large-area high-precision three-dimensional flow field information can be obtained, and the problem that the problem of lack of observation sea current data caused by the fact that the skip layer effect can not be solved by the sound line propagation quality of the fixed point due to seasonal change of the marine environment can be solved.
The mobile observation station travels according to a specified route in an observation water area, and can change the route according to requirements. Only a fixed observation station is arranged, and a mobile observation station is arranged in an observation water area and matched with the fixed observation station, so that the influence of water stratification in local areas in summer is overcome, and the reliable sound ray propagation quality can be ensured to meet the precision requirement of an expected index; in addition, the mobile observation station can provide richer sound ray data during the operation of the acoustic tomography observation network, and the accuracy of observation data is improved. Signals can be sent and received between the mobile observation stations through the transmitting transducer and the hydrophones, and the flow velocity and the temperature of the water area between the mobile observation stations can be measured through the positions of the mobile observation stations.
The fixed observation stations are arranged in an observation water area in a staggered mode and comprise pile bodies, and a marine pile driving installation mode is adopted, so that the first energy source assembly, the first central control case, the transmitting transducer and the hydrophone can be integrated on the pile bodies. First energy component includes solar panel and storage battery, and the battery passes through the stainless steel cable pipe with other each part to be connected, provides for other parts carry out the energy. And the first center control machine box is used for collecting transmission data and controlling the transmitting transducer at the bottom of the pile body and the hydrophone to transmit and receive. Compared with the prior art, the influence of the observation equipment arranged on the sea on other human activities such as a fishing boat and the like can be effectively reduced, namely the possibility of damage caused by the activities of the fishing boat on the sea is avoided or reduced; in addition, the sea area occupied by the marine piling installation mode is neglectable and impatient compared with the whole measurement area, and the ecological system of the observation water area is basically not influenced.
Furthermore, a warning lamp is arranged at the top end of the pile body, and a UV anti-biological adhesion lamp and a thermohaline are arranged near the transmitting transducer and the hydrophone. The warning lamp is arranged at the top end of the pile body, so that the interference probability of the fishing boat to the fixed observation station at night can be further reduced; in addition, the nearby seabirds can be driven through the twinkling of the warning light, and the damage of organisms to the top first energy source assembly is prevented. Near transmitting transducer is provided with UV and prevents living adhesion lamp, can prevent that the biology in the ocean from attaching to transmitting transducer and hydrophone, and then can improve transmitting transducer and hydrophone's measurement accuracy in long-time use. The thermohaline depth measuring instrument can measure the temperature, salinity and depth near the pile body, and the temperature, salinity and pressure all have certain influence on the sound velocity, and then can correct the sound velocity, improve measuring precision.
Furthermore, the height of the upper part of the pile body exposed to the water surface is near the historical extreme highest tide level, and the underwater burial depth of the bottom of the pile body can be correspondingly adjusted according to geological conditions.
Furthermore, the interconnection of the mobile observation station and the fixed observation station and the communication between the cloud end are realized by adopting a G or G network. The whole device obtains time delay through a computer, uploads the time delay and data collected by peripheral equipment to a cloud end at a certain time interval, and carries out inversion of temperature and flow velocity through an algorithm through a data processing system of the cloud end.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the positioning and time service device is a GPS/Beidou receiving chip. Synchronization and transmitting/receiving synchronization between the mobile observation station and the fixed observation station are realized by a GPS/Beidou receiving chip, and synchronous signal receiving and transmitting of each station are realized by adopting excellent time synchronization of PPS signals. The positioning and time synchronization unit of the whole device is designed by taking a Beidou/GPS hybrid positioning module as a core, so that the long-time working condition can be met; the positioning precision and the pulse precision output by the PPS port can meet the precision requirement of the system.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the mobile platform is a wave glider, the wave glider comprises a payload cabin body, a wave glider underwater propeller is arranged under the payload cabin body, and the payload cabin body is connected with the wave glider underwater propeller through a flexible cable;
the transmitting transducer, the hydrophone and the CTD sensor are arranged on the wave glider underwater propeller.
Wave glider can turn into thrust with the wave energy through the wave glider underwater propulsor that the below set up, and then need not extra helping hand and can advance at the surface of water. The wave glider is arranged on the moving platform, so that the wave glider has excellent cruising ability and survivability, and can realize large-range and long-distance real-time measurement of environmental parameters such as sea surface temperature, salinity, flow field, sea surface wind, temperature, humidity, air pressure and the like. The surface layer of the water area receives sound velocity gradient and is greatly influenced by sea surface waves, surface water temperature and the like, and meanwhile, bubbles near the water surface scatter and absorb acoustic signals greatly to generate adverse influence on underwater acoustic communication performance; under the effect of wave glider underwater propulsor, the interference of aquatic organisms around can be reduced, and the measurement precision is further improved.
Furthermore, a second energy component, a second central control cabinet, a weather meter and a marker light are arranged on the payload cabin body. The marker light can prevent the interference probability of the fishing boat to the fixed observation station at night; in addition, can also be through the scintillation in order to prevent birds to the interference of wave glider to avoid the interference to the course, improve the precision that detects. The second energy component comprises a solar panel and a load storage battery, the storage battery is placed in the payload cabin, and through the design of the solar panel and the load storage battery, on one hand, the power supply can be carried out on a transmitting transducer, a hydrophone and a CTD sensor on the underwater gliding propeller, so that the cruising ability of the mobile measuring station is improved; on the other hand, through the design of the load storage battery, the gravity center of the whole device can be moved downwards, the mobile observation station is prevented from being turned on one side in the process of driving along the air route, and the stability and the safety of the mobile observation station are improved. The second central control computer case comprises an antenna and a controller, and as each observation station communicates and transmits information through G or G signals, the signals can be transmitted more quickly and more stably through the antenna; the controller can control the transmitting transducer and the hydrophone to receive and transmit signals, and further can control the heading of the whole device in real time.
According to one embodiment of the invention, auxiliary floating bodies are arranged on two sides of a payload cabin body, and the auxiliary floating bodies are connected with a payload through connecting rod bodies;
the auxiliary floating body comprises a first floating plate and a second floating plate which are arranged from top to bottom, a plurality of limiting columns are arranged between the first floating plate and the second floating plate in a penetrating mode, floating columns are arranged between the first floating plate and the second floating plate, and the limiting columns are arranged around the floating columns.
The auxiliary floating bodies are arranged on the two sides of the payload cabin body, the first floating plate, the second floating plate and the floating columns between the first floating plate and the second floating plate provide larger buoyancy, so that the buoyancy of the payload cabin can be effectively improved, the stability of the mobile observation station in the underwater navigation process can be further improved, and the payload cabin body is prevented from overturning; in addition, transverse waves and longitudinal waves can be generated on the periphery of the payload cabin in the driving process, and the influence generated by the transverse waves and the longitudinal waves can be effectively eliminated or reduced through the arrangement of the auxiliary floating body and the connecting rod body, so that the payload cabin is further ensured to stably advance; in addition, the auxiliary floating bodies arranged on the two sides of the payload cabin body can buffer when contacting with obstacles and the like, and the anti-collision capacity of the mobile observation station is improved.
Furthermore, a third floating plate with a slope surface is arranged at the front end of the second floating plate. Through the design of third kickboard, at the in-process that the wave glider marched, make the resistance of the auxiliary floating body of both sides littleer, and then reduce the resistance that the wave glider went forward, make the assigned position that can be arrived more fast to the integrated device.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the connection rod comprises a flexible rod, and a floating block is disposed on the flexible rod.
The floating block is arranged on the flexible rod body, so that the overall buoyancy of the wave glider can be further improved, and the sailing stability of the wave glider on the water surface is further improved; in addition, through the design of the floating block, transverse waves and longitudinal waves generated around the wave glider can be further eliminated, the influence of the transverse waves and the longitudinal waves on the wave glider is further eliminated, and the wave glider is prevented from deviating from the course.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a sliding matrix is coaxially and slidably connected to the pile body, a plurality of auxiliary columns are arranged around the pile body, and netting is arranged between the auxiliary columns and the sliding matrix;
an included angle is formed between the axis of the auxiliary column body and the axis of the sliding base body.
A plurality of auxiliary columns are arranged around the pile body, so that auxiliary support can be formed with the pile body, the wind and wave resisting effect of the pile body is improved, and the fixed columns are prevented from being inclined greatly; in addition, when water flows pass through the auxiliary column body and the netting, the netting can reduce the flow velocity of the water flow, so that the flow velocity of the water flow around the pile body can be reduced, and the stability of the bottom of the pile body is improved; in addition, rivers can drive the removal of netting with the contact of netting, it removes to drive the base member that slides simultaneously, on the one hand, the displacement through the base member that slides makes the netting remove in proper amount, reduce netting deformation or damaged, on the other hand supplementary cylinder axis is equipped with the contained angle with the base member axis that slides and makes the netting be the slope setting, the netting of slope can strengthen in proper amount along the water volume that netting incline direction flows, and then reduce the flow that fixed cylinder bottom water flowed through, reduce the washing away to fixed cylinder bottom, be favorable to its bottom silt, the stability of stone, can also hold back the stone to fixed cylinder bottom through the netting, realize promptly the reinforcement to fixed cylinder lower part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mobile observation station;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stationary observation station;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of stations of the mobile observation station and the fixed observation station;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the wave glider according to embodiment 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the wave glider according to example 3 from another angle;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an auxiliary float according to embodiment 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a connection rod in embodiment 3;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a fixed observation station in embodiment 2.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a mobile observation station 100, a wave glider 110, a payload cabin 111, a wave glider underwater propeller 112, a flexible cable 113, an auxiliary floating body 120, a first floating plate 121, a second floating plate 122, a limiting column 123, a floating column 124, a third floating plate 125, a connecting rod body 130, a flexible rod body 131, a floating block 132, a second center control box 140, an antenna 141, a marker light 150, a fixed observation station 200, a pile body 201, a warning light 202, a first energy component 210, a solar panel 211, a first center control box 220, a sliding base body 230, an auxiliary cylinder 240, a net coat 250, a stainless steel cable tube 260, a transmitting transducer 300, a hydrophone 400 and a CTD sensor 500.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by combining the detailed description and the attached drawings:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, an adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography device comprises,
a mobile observation station 100 including a plurality of mobile observation stations 100 arranged in an observation water area, wherein each mobile observation station 100 includes a mobile platform;
the fixed observation stations 200 are arranged in an observation water area in a staggered mode, each fixed observation station 200 comprises a pile body 201, a first energy component 210 and a first central control machine box 220 are arranged on the upper portion of each pile body 201, a transmitting transducer 300 and a hydrophone 400 are arranged on the lower portion of each pile body 201, and the upper portion of each pile body 201 is exposed out of the water;
the method is characterized in that a transmitting transducer 300, a hydrophone 400 and a CTD sensor 500 are arranged at the bottom of the mobile platform;
the mobile observation station 100 and the fixed observation station 200 are both provided with positioning and timing devices.
According to the invention, through the design of the whole device, the mobile observation station 100 and the fixed observation station 200 are both provided with positioning and time service devices, time synchronization and transmitting/receiving synchronization are realized through the positioning and time service devices, the bottom of the mobile platform and the lower part of the fixed observation station 200 are provided with the transmitting transducer 300, and the transmitting transducer 300 adopts an acoustic signal frequency range of 5-10 kHz, so that the pressure on a power amplifier and the transducer can be reduced, and a certain observation resolution can be improved. In addition, the transmitting transducer 300 and the hydrophone 400 can synchronously send and receive acoustic signals, each observation station can store the received data in a built-in hard disk of an industrial personal computer through an instrument, in addition, the data observed in the time period can be transmitted back to a server terminal through a network intermittently, the acoustic propagation time between each station pair is obtained by analyzing data files of different signal codes transmitted back by different stations, further, the vertical average flow velocity data on the measurement line between each station pair is obtained, then, a flow field below the water surface is assimilated into a high-resolution three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the water area by using technical means such as assimilation and inversion, the large-area and high-precision three-dimensional flow field information is obtained, and the problem that the observed ocean current data is lack of measurement due to the fact that the skip layer effect caused by seasonal changes of the marine environment cannot be solved by the acoustic line propagation quality of a fixed point is solved.
The mobile observation station 100 travels on a prescribed route in the observation water area, and can make a route change according to the demand. Compared with the fixed observation station 200, the movable observation station 100 is arranged in the observation water area and is matched with the fixed observation station 200, so that the influence of water stratification in local areas in summer is overcome, and the reliable sound ray propagation quality can be ensured to meet the precision requirement of an expected index; in addition, the mobile observation station 100 can provide richer sound ray data during the operation of the acoustic tomography observation network, and the accuracy of the observation data is improved. Signals may also be transmitted and received between mobile stations 100 via transmitting transducers 300 and hydrophones 400, and the flow velocity and temperature of the water between mobile stations 100 may be measured at a plurality of locations of mobile stations 100.
The fixed observation stations 200 are arranged in an observation water area in a staggered mode, each fixed observation station 200 comprises a pile body 201, and the first energy source assembly 210, the first central control cabinet 220, the transmitting transducer 300 and the hydrophone 400 can be integrated on the pile body 201 by adopting an installation mode of offshore piling. The first energy source assembly 210 comprises a solar panel 211 and a storage battery, and the storage battery is connected with other components through stainless steel cable tubes 260 to provide energy for other components. The central control box is used for collecting transmission data and controlling the transmitting transducer 300 at the bottom of the pile body 201 and the hydrophone 400 to transmit and receive. Compared with the prior art, the influence of the observation equipment arranged on the sea on the activities of other human beings such as fishing boats can be effectively reduced, namely the possibility of being damaged by the activities of the fishing boats on the sea is avoided or reduced; in addition, the sea area occupied by the marine piling installation mode is neglectable and impatient compared with the whole measurement area, and the ecological system of the observation water area is basically not influenced.
Furthermore, a warning light 202 is arranged at the top end of the pile body 201, and a UV anti-biological attachment light and a thermohaline are arranged near the transmitting transducer 300 and the hydrophone 400. The top end of the pile body 201 is provided with the warning lamp 202, so that the interference probability of the fishing boat to the fixed observation station 200 at night can be further reduced; in addition, nearby seabirds may also be driven away by the flashing of the warning light 202, preventing damage to the first energy source assembly 210 by living beings. The UV adhesion prevention lamp is arranged near the transmitting transducer 300, so that the transmitting transducer 300 and the hydrophone 400 can be prevented from being adhered by marine organisms, and the measurement accuracy of the transmitting transducer 300 and the hydrophone 400 can be improved in a long-time use process. The deep measuring apparatu of temperature and salt can measure near the pile body 201 temperature, salinity and degree of depth, and temperature, salinity and pressure all have certain influence to the sound velocity, and then can correct the sound velocity, improve measuring precision.
Furthermore, the height of the upper part of the pile body 201 exposed to the water surface is near the historical extreme highest tide level, and the underwater burial depth of the bottom of the pile body 201 can be correspondingly adjusted according to geological conditions.
Furthermore, the interconnection and cloud communication between the mobile observation station 100 and the fixed observation station 200 are implemented by using a 4G or 5G network. The whole device obtains time delay through a computer, uploads the time delay and data acquired by peripheral equipment to a cloud at a certain time interval, and carries out inversion of temperature and flow rate through an algorithm through a data processing system of the cloud.
The positioning and time service device is a GPS/Beidou receiving chip. Synchronization and transmitting/receiving synchronization between the mobile observation station 100 and the fixed observation station 200 are realized by a GPS/Beidou receiving chip, and synchronous signal receiving and transmitting of each station are realized by adopting excellent time synchronism of 1PPS signals. The positioning and time synchronization unit of the whole device is designed by taking a Beidou/GPS hybrid positioning module as a core, so that the long-time working condition can be met; the positioning precision and the pulse precision output by the 1PPS port can meet the precision requirement of the system.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the moving platform is a wave glider 110, the wave glider 110 includes a payload cabin 111, a wave glider underwater propeller 112 is provided under the payload cabin, the payload cabin 111 and the wave glider underwater propeller 112 are connected by a flexible cable 113;
the transmitting transducer 300, hydrophone 400 and CTD sensor 500 are located on the wave glider underwater propulsor 112.
The wave glider 110 can convert wave energy into thrust through the wave glider underwater propeller 112 disposed below, and thus can travel on the water surface without additional assistance. The wave glider 110 has excellent cruising ability and survivability, and can realize real-time measurement of large-range and long-distance environmental parameters such as sea surface temperature, salinity, flow field, sea surface wind, temperature, humidity, air pressure and the like. Because the surface layer of the water area receives the sound velocity gradient and is greatly influenced by sea surface waves, surface water temperature and the like, and meanwhile, bubbles near the water surface scatter and absorb sound signals greatly to generate adverse influence on underwater acoustic communication performance, the wave glider underwater propeller 112 of the wave glider 110 is generally about 4-7 meters underwater, the transmitting transducer 300, the hydrophone 400 and the CTD sensor 500 are arranged on the wave glider underwater propeller 112, and the measuring accuracy and the measuring range of the transmitting transducer 300 and the hydrophone 400 can be realized; under the action of the wave glider underwater propeller 112, the interference of surrounding aquatic organisms can be reduced, and the measurement precision is further improved.
Further, a second energy assembly, a second central control box 140, a weather meter and a marker light 150 are disposed on the payload bay 111. The marker light 150 can prevent the probability of interference of a night fishing boat with the fixed observation station 200; in addition, can also be through twinkling in order to prevent the interference of birds to wave glider 110 to avoid the interference to the heading, improve the precision of detection. The second energy component comprises a solar panel 160 and a load storage battery, the storage battery is arranged in the payload cabin body 111, and through the design of the solar panel 160 and the load storage battery, on one hand, the transmitting transducer 300, the hydrophone 400 and the CTD sensor 500 on the underwater gliding propeller can be powered, so that the cruising ability of the mobile measuring station is improved; on the other hand, through the design of the load storage battery, the gravity center of the whole device can be moved downwards, the mobile observation station 100 is prevented from being turned over in the process of running along the air route, and the stability and the safety of the mobile observation station 100 are improved. The second center control box 140 includes an antenna 141 and a controller, and since each observation station communicates and transmits information through 4G or 5G signals, the signals can be transmitted more quickly and stably through the antenna 141; the controller can control the transmitting transducer 300 and the hydrophone 400 to receive and transmit signals, and further can control the heading of the whole device in real time.
Example 2:
fig. 9 schematically shows an adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from example 1 in that:
the pile body 201 is coaxially connected with a sliding matrix 230 in a sliding manner, a plurality of auxiliary columns 240 are arranged around the pile body 201, and a netting 250 is arranged between the auxiliary columns 240 and the sliding matrix 230;
the axis of the auxiliary column 240 forms an included angle with the axis of the sliding matrix 230.
A plurality of auxiliary columns 240 are arranged around the pile body 201 and can form auxiliary support with the pile body 201, so that the wind wave resistant effect of the pile body 201 is improved, and the fixed columns are prevented from being inclined greatly; in addition, when the water flows through the auxiliary column 240 and the netting 250, the netting 250 can reduce the flow velocity of the water flow, so that the flow velocity of the water flow around the pile body 201 can be reduced, and the stability of the bottom of the pile body 201 is improved; in addition, rivers can drive the removal of netting 250 with the contact of netting 250, it removes to drive the base member 230 that slides simultaneously, on the one hand, the displacement through the base member 230 that slides makes netting 250 remove in an appropriate amount, reduce netting 250 deformation or damage, on the other hand supplementary cylinder 240 axis is equipped with the contained angle with the base member 230 axis that slides and makes netting 250 be the slope setting, the netting 250 of slope can strengthen in an appropriate amount along the water volume that netting 250 incline direction flows, and then reduce the flow that fixed cylinder bottom water flowed through, reduce the washing away to fixed cylinder bottom, be favorable to its bottom silt, the stability of stone, can also hold back the stone to fixed cylinder bottom through netting 250, realize the reinforcement to fixed cylinder lower part promptly.
Example 3:
fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8 schematically show an adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from example 2 in that:
auxiliary floating bodies 120 are arranged on two sides of the payload cabin 111, and the auxiliary floating bodies 120 are connected with the payload through connecting rod bodies 130;
the auxiliary floating body 120 includes a first floating plate 121 and a second floating plate 122 which are arranged up and down, a plurality of limiting columns 123 are arranged between the first floating plate 121 and the second floating plate 122 in a penetrating manner, floating columns 124 are arranged between the first floating plate 121 and the second floating plate 122, and the limiting columns 123 are arranged around the floating columns 124.
By arranging the auxiliary floating bodies 120 on two sides of the payload cabin 111, the first floating plate 121, the second floating plate 122 and the floating columns 124 between the first floating plate and the second floating plate provide larger buoyancy, so that the buoyancy of the payload cabin can be effectively improved, the stability of the mobile observation station 100 in the underwater navigation process can be further improved, and the payload cabin 111 is prevented from overturning; in addition, transverse waves and longitudinal waves can be generated on the periphery of the payload cabin in the driving process, and the influence of the transverse waves and the longitudinal waves can be effectively eliminated or reduced through the arrangement of the auxiliary floating bodies 120 and the connecting rod bodies 130, so that the payload cabin is further ensured to stably advance; in addition, the auxiliary floating bodies 120 arranged on the two sides of the payload cabin 111 can buffer when contacting with obstacles and the like, so that the anti-collision capacity of the mobile observation station 100 is improved.
Further, a third floating plate 125 having a slope is provided at the front end of the second floating plate 122. Through the design of the third floating plate 125, in the process of the wave glider 110 advancing, the resistance of the auxiliary floating bodies 120 at both sides is made smaller, and then the resistance of the wave glider 110 advancing is reduced, so that the whole device can reach the designated position faster.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 8, the connecting rod 130 includes a flexible rod 131, and a floating block 132 is disposed on the flexible rod 131.
The floating block 132 is arranged on the flexible rod body 131, so that the integral buoyancy of the wave glider 110 can be further improved, and the navigation stability of the wave glider 110 on the water surface can be further improved; in addition, by the design of the buoyancy block 132, the transverse waves and the longitudinal waves generated around the wave glider 110 can be further eliminated, thereby eliminating the influence on the wave glider 110 and preventing the wave glider from deviating from the heading direction.
Through the design of the whole device, the self-adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography device has unique and remarkable advantages compared with the traditional flow measurement schemes such as fixed point, horizontal or navigation ADCP. Aiming at the gulf area needing to be measured, the arrangement of the self-adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography device achieves the observation resolution ratio which is not higher than 4km in the horizontal direction, and if the same horizontal resolution ratio level is achieved, at least 1.5 times of fixed point ADCP observation systems need to be arranged in the traditional mode. Meanwhile, by utilizing the characteristics of large quantity of islands in the bay area to be detected and uniform spatial distribution, the self-adaptive marine mobile acoustic chromatography device station positions can be distributed around different islands in the bay area, and observation point positions do not need to be arranged in areas with busy shipping, such as a channel, so that the invention also has the advantage of no influence of shipping. Compared with the observation distance of the horizontal ADCP which is only about 200 m generally and is more suitable for observation of narrower riverways, ports and the like, the observation distance of the invention can be more than one order of magnitude higher, and the invention has obvious technical advantages in the aspects of observation range and distance. Compared with the navigation ADCP, the method has the advantage of long-term continuous synchronous observation. In addition, the invention can keep good sound signal propagation quality under the environment with strong influence of ocean turbulence, further ensures the operation capability of the technology under extreme sea conditions, and provides ocean current data guarantee for relevant work such as ocean disaster prevention and reduction.
Example 4:
when the device is used, the situation that underwater acoustic signals are low in receiving efficiency and poor in transmission effect is caused by the fact that signals are easily subjected to multiple interference in underwater propagation, noise interference and energy propagation loss are caused, and the influence of multipath superposition and Doppler frequency shift is also caused. According to the shannon formula, under the condition of a certain channel capacity, a certain coding process needs to be carried out on the signal, so that the error rate of the signal during channel transmission can be reduced, and the signal can obtain a good signal-to-noise ratio in long-distance propagation. In this patent, the purpose of selecting the encoding method is to more accurately obtain the propagation time of the signal on a certain path and to effectively combat multipath in a shallow sea environment. Therefore, the method adopts a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) mode of m sequences with the characteristics of interference resistance, multi-path resistance, fading resistance, strong concealment and the like to code the transmitted signal.
The m-sequence is composed of n shift registers connected in series and triggered by a periodic clock, each register comprises 0 or 1 two states, therefore, for an n-stage m-sequence, the excluded states are all 0, and the maximum period length is
The expression of the output state is:
 |
（a） |
the recurrence relationship between the registers is as follows:
 |
（b） |
for the formulae (a) and (b),
and
always 1, the sum of the above two equations is operated by modulo-2 addition.
The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, supplement or similar substitution made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography device comprises,
a mobile observation station (100), a plurality of mobile observation stations (100) deployed in an observation water area, the mobile observation stations (100) comprising a mobile platform;
the device comprises fixed observation stations (200), wherein a plurality of fixed observation stations (200) are arranged in an observation water area in a staggered mode, each fixed observation station (200) comprises a pile body (201), a first energy component (210) and a first central control machine box (220) are arranged on the upper portion of each pile body (201), a transmitting transducer (300) and a hydrophone (400) are arranged on the lower portion of each pile body (201), and the upper portion of each pile body (201) is exposed out of the water surface;
the system is characterized in that a transmitting transducer (300), a hydrophone (400) and a CTD sensor (500) are arranged at the bottom of the mobile platform;
and the mobile observation station (100) and the fixed observation station (200) are both provided with positioning and time service devices.
2. The adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography apparatus of claim 1, wherein the positioning and timing device is a GPS/beidou receiving chip.
3. The adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mobile platform is a wave glider (110), the wave glider (110) comprises a payload bay (111), a wave glider underwater propeller (112) is arranged under the payload bay (111), and the payload bay (111) and the wave glider underwater propeller (112) are connected by a flexible cable (113);
the transmitting transducer (300), the hydrophone (400) and the CTD sensor (500) are arranged on the wave glider underwater propeller (112).
4. The self-adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography device as claimed in claim 3, wherein auxiliary floating bodies (120) are arranged on two sides of the payload cabin (111), and the auxiliary floating bodies (120) are connected with the payload cabin (111) through connecting rods (130);
the auxiliary floating body (120) comprises a first floating plate (121) and a second floating plate (122) which are arranged up and down, a plurality of limiting columns (123) penetrate through the first floating plate (121) and the second floating plate (122), floating columns (124) are arranged between the first floating plate (121) and the second floating plate (122), and the limiting columns (123) are arranged around the floating columns (124).
5. An adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the connection rod (130) comprises a flexible rod (131), and a floating block (132) is disposed on the flexible rod (131).
6. The self-adaptive marine mobile acoustic tomography device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sliding base body (230) is coaxially and slidably connected to the pile body (201), a plurality of auxiliary columns (240) are arranged around the pile body (201), and a netting (250) is arranged between the plurality of auxiliary columns (240) and the sliding base body (230);
an included angle is formed between the axis of the auxiliary column body (240) and the axis of the sliding base body (230).
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| CN117434295B (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2024-04-05 | 广州远动信息技术有限公司 | Intelligent processing and evaluating method for acoustic chromatographic signal intensity data |
| CN117760507A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-03-26 | 广州远动信息技术有限公司 | River acoustic chromatographic flow monitoring system and method based on double-frequency underwater acoustic base station |
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