CN115407034A - A Pollution Source Determination Method for Lake Water Pollution - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining pollution sources of lake water pollution, which belongs to the technical field of water pollution prevention and control. The steps of the method include: sampling the rocks in the stratum containing polluting elements near the lake basin, the lake flowing into the groundwater, the lake flowing into the surface water, the surface water sediment, and the sediment at the inlet of the lake, and the overlying water of the sediment, and sampling the collected samples To determine the pollution source of lake water pollution by comparing the analysis results of various pollutants and combining with the non-point source pollution investigation of the river basin. Through investigation and sampling analysis, the present invention summarizes the occurrence state, weathering, migration, transportation and distribution characteristics of potential pollutants in the lake basin under regional geological effects, and then determines potential pollutants under different geological backgrounds, especially the main pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The degree of influence of elements on lake water quality can accurately determine the pollution source of lake water pollution.

Description

A Pollution Source Determination Method for Lake Water Pollution

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of water pollution prevention and control, in particular to a method for determining pollution sources of lake water pollution.

Background technique

Lakes are the connecting points for the interaction of various spheres of the Earth's surface system, and are an important part of the terrestrial hydrosphere, and are closely related to the biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere. Lakes not only have the functions of flood regulation and storage, water diversion for irrigation, drinking water sources, transportation, power generation, aquaculture and landscape tourism, but also have the functions of regulating regional climate, recording regional environmental changes, maintaining regional ecosystem balance and reproduction diversity. Special function; therefore, it is of great significance to protect the lake water environment.

At present, the global environment is deteriorating, and the water pollution of lakes is becoming more and more serious. It is imperative to protect the water environment of lakes. The most important thing is to first determine the source of pollution, and then provide targeted prevention measures. However, for the determination of the pollution source of lake water pollution, there is currently a lack of specific and effective means in this field.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for determining pollution sources of lake water pollution.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A method for determining a pollution source of lake water pollution, comprising the following steps: carrying out investigations on rocks in formations containing polluting elements near lake basins, groundwater flowing into lakes, surface water flowing into lakes and river system sediments, bottom mud at the inlet of lakes, and overlying water on bottom mud. Sampling, measure the collected samples, and determine the pollution source of lake water pollution by comparing the analysis results of various pollutants and combining with the non-point source pollution investigation of the river basin.

Preferably, the rocks in the strata containing polluting elements near the lake basin are polluting elements determined by analyzing the regional geological report of the lake basin, regional mineral geological report, regional rock geochemical anomalies, and research results of various scientific research institutes at home and abroad. Rocks in formations with background values exceeding the Clark value.

Preferably, the sampling method for rocks in strata containing polluting elements near the lake basin is as follows: sampling within 1/10 of the line spacing of the sampling points, combining 3 sampling points into one sample, and sampling the surface at a depth of 10cm-50cm The soil leaching layer at the place - the fine-grained material in the parent material layer.

Preferably, the groundwater flowing into the lake is determined based on regional geological reports, regional hydrogeological reports, regional structural distribution and research results of various scientific research institutes at home and abroad. groundwater discharged into lakes.

Preferably, for the lake to flow into groundwater, it is necessary to know the topography, geological structure, stratum lithology and distribution of the lake basin and its surroundings, the distribution of aquifers and relative aquitards; find out the groundwater type and burial conditions of the hydrogeological unit where it is located , groundwater chemical characteristics, groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge conditions, and mining and utilization conditions; the genetic type, exposure location, formation conditions, spring water flow, and water quality of the spring water in the hydrogeological unit.

Preferably, the sampling method for the groundwater inflow from the lake is as follows: collect instantaneous water samples according to the monitoring points, make sampling records and uniquely identify the samples.

Preferably, the lake inflow surface water and water system sediments are determined according to the distribution characteristics of the water system in the lake basin and the distribution of known tributaries; the basic principle is: there are sampling points in the area to control the abnormal range, delineate the abnormal position, check The abnormal distribution and combination characteristics are shown.

Preferably, the sampling method for the lake inflow surface water sediment is as follows: take 30 cm of undisturbed water system sediment, take a sample every 10 cm from top to bottom, and take a total of 3 samples at one point.

Preferably, the sampling method of the bottom mud at the inlet of the lake and the overlying water of the bottom mud is as follows: take an undisturbed sample, insert a tubular sampler into the sampling point, 20-30 cm above the bottom mud is the overlying water sample, and suck it out by a siphon method. Then withdraw the sediment from the sampler one by one, divide the sediment according to every 10cm layer, and take sediment samples of 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20-30cm respectively.

Preferably, the pollutants include: total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, organic matter and heavy metals.

Potential factors for lake water pollution include the migration of ore-forming elements through the soil due to the difference in concentration, and then transported by surface water and groundwater to enter the lake water; polluted water sinks into the lake through surface runoff, groundwater, geochemical migration, and geological structures. into the lake, causing the water pollution elements to exceed the standard; due to the long-term disrepair of some pipe networks, there is a risk of leakage caused by pipeline aging, damage, siltation and blockage, etc., causing "secondary pollution" in the soil around the leakage point, which in turn penetrates into the groundwater and flows into the lake It is also a potential factor of water pollution; the schematic diagram of the migration of each pollutant is shown in Figure 1. Therefore, the factors of lake water pollution are complex, not limited to human life pollution, and factors other than human life pollution are often difficult to accurately determine.

Beneficial technical effect of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention summarizes the occurrence state, weathering migration and transport of potential pollutants in the lake basin under regional geological action through field investigation and sampling analysis of rocks, structural belts, groundwater, surface water, water system sediments, bottom mud, etc. in the lake basin According to the law and distribution characteristics of the lake, the potential pollutants under different geological backgrounds, especially the influence degree of the main pollutant elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, on the water quality of the lake can be determined, so as to accurately determine the pollution source of the lake water pollution.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the migration of pollutants in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the figure of the distribution of each stratum in the Erhai Lake Basin in Example 1.

Fig. 3 is a map of sampling points of rock samples near Changyu Village, Kuuse Village and Shangxin Village in Example 1.

FIG. 4 is a bitmap of sampling points for rock samples near Haixi Reservoir in Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 5 is a map of sampling points for rock samples of the Cangshan Group in Example 1.

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the eastern section of Erhai Lake in Example 1.

FIG. 7 is a map of sampling points for groundwater samples in Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of groundwater sampling in Embodiment 1.

FIG. 9 is a map of sampling points for surface water samples in Example 1. FIG.

Fig. 10 is a map of the sampling points of the bottom mud and the overlying water samples of the bottom mud in Example 1.

Fig. 11 is a comparison chart of manganese, total phosphorus and nitrogen content in water samples overlying sediment in Example 1.

Fig. 12 is a comparison chart of manganese, total phosphorus and nitrogen contents in sediment samples in Example 1.

Detailed ways

Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. The detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terminology described in the present invention is only used to describe specific embodiments, and is not used to limit the present invention.

In addition, regarding the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intervening value in a stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intervening value in a stated range, is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded from the range.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only the preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention.

As used herein, "comprising", "comprising", "having", "comprising" and so on are all open terms, meaning including but not limited to.

The detection and analysis in the examples of the present invention are all carried out in accordance with relevant standards and specifications, and the specific standards are shown in Table 1-Table 3.

Table 1 Detection method, detection limit and evaluation standard of groundwater monitoring factors

Table 2 Detection method, detection limit and evaluation standard of sediment reference soil monitoring factors

Table 3 Detection methods, detection limits and evaluation standards of surface water monitoring factors

Example 1

This embodiment takes Erhai Lake as an example to determine the pollution sources of water pollution in Erhai Lake:

(1) Rock sampling near the Erhai Lake Basin

The strata of various ages around the Erhai Lake are relatively well developed, and the Precambrian-Quaternary strata are all exposed. The Precambrian Cangshan Group (high in phosphorus and copper) is distributed in the area of Diancang Mountain; in the Lower Paleozoic, there are only Ordovician strata, Devonian in the Upper Paleozoic (high in manganese and phosphorus), and carboniferous (containing manganese, phosphorus and carbon), Permian (basalt and tuff containing copper, titanium, and niobium are extremely high) are exposed in the eastern and northeastern parts of Erhai Lake; the Mesozoic Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous strata ( Elements such as manganese, aluminum, arsenic, gold, and copper have relatively high backgrounds) are mainly distributed in the northeast and northwest of Erhai Lake (see Figure 2).

According to the above-mentioned geological conditions around Erhai Lake, the phosphorus-bearing formations (Lower Devonian Lianhuaqu Formation (D ₁ l) and upper Devonian sandstone formations) in the northern part of Erhai Lake and Changyu Village, Kuuse, and Shangxin Village in the northeastern part were deployed and carried out. Well group (D ₂₊₃ )) and one rock geochemical prospecting profile (see Fig. 3); phosphorus-bearing strata (Lower Devonian Lianhuaqu Formation (D ₁ l) and One rock geochemical prospecting section was laid out in the Upper Devonian Shazijing Formation (D ₂₊₃ ) (see Figure 4); one rock geochemical prospecting section was laid out in the metamorphic strata of the Cangshan Group in the west of Erhai Lake (see Figure 5) , 26, 11 and 5 rock geochemical samples were taken from these three sections to verify the possibility of phosphorus and heavy metal elements in the formation entering the groundwater under chemical, physical and biological effects and finally flowing into the Erhai Lake.

The sampling method is: sampling within 1/10 of the line distance of the measuring sampling points, combining 3 sampling points into one sample, avoiding all kinds of pollution during sampling, in case of waste rock piles, swamps, colluvial deposits, riverbeds, etc. If the accumulation, paddy fields, etc. cannot be sampled, this point can be abandoned, but it should be noted in the records. The same working area should try to collect the same attribute medium and the same layer material, and generally collect the fine-grained material in the soil leaching layer-parent material layer at a depth of 10cm-50cm on the surface. The weight of the collected samples is guaranteed to be sieved (40 mesh-60 mesh) and the weight of a single sample is not less than 100g after being sent to the laboratory. For samples that need to be tested for trace metal elements, the weight of a single sample after sieving is not less than 200g.

The positioning of measurement and sampling points shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of ZBD/0002 "Specifications for Physical and Chemical Detection Quantities".

The samples were tested and analyzed, and the analysis results were counted. The total nitrogen and total phosphorus content of the eastern section of the Erhai Lake is shown in Figure 6; the average values of each element in the strata around the Erhai Lake Basin are shown in Table 4; and diabase (YH-51) samples (see Figure 9 for the sampling location) and the detection results of various elements are shown in Table 5.

Table 4 The average value of each element in the strata around the Erhai Lake Basin

Table 5 The detection results of various elements in manganese-bearing rocks and diabase

From Figure 6, Table 4 and Table 5, it can be seen that the overall change trends of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, lead, nickel, copper, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available phosphorus in each stratum are positively correlated. in:

① Total nitrogen and total phosphorus content: the total nitrogen content (997.17 mg/kg) of the Lianhuaqu Formation (D ₁ l) formation rocks in the Lower Devonian system is about 3.08-5.04 times higher than that of other formation rocks; the Permian basalts The total phosphorus content of strata rocks in the Devonian Formation (Pβ) and Upper Devonian (D ₂₊₃ ) is about 2.04 to 5.41 times higher than that of other strata rocks, and the total phosphorus content of the Permian Basalt Formation (Pβ) The average value is 1256.33mg/kg, and the average value of total phosphorus in the upper Devonian (D ₂₊₃ ) strata is 1283.00mg/kg.

The above-mentioned strata are mainly distributed in the east of Erhai Lake (in the area of Changyu Village) and the north.

② Heavy metal nickel and copper content: Permian Basalt Formation (Pβ), Upper Devonian System (D ₂₊₃ ), Lower Devonian Lianhuaqu Formation (D ₁ l), Lower Devonian Qingshan Formation (D ₁ q) and the Lower Devonian Kanglang Formation (D ₁ k) have higher nickel and copper contents than other strata, among which the Permian Basalt Formation (Pβ) has the highest nickel and copper contents, 70.47mg/ kg, 202.36mg/kg.

The above-mentioned strata are mainly distributed in the east of Erhai Lake (in the area of Changyu Village) and the north.

③Heavy metal lead content: the lead content of the Precambrian Cangshan Group metamorphic rocks is the highest, which is 22.88mg/kg.

主要分布于洱海西部。Precambrian Cangshan Group Metamorphic Rocks

It is mainly distributed in the west of Erhai Lake.

④ The manganese content of the siliceous manganese-bearing rocks in the Upper Devonian (D ₂₊₃ ) strata is as high as 8729 mg/kg, and they are mainly distributed in the eastern part of Erhai Lake (in the area of Changyu Village).

(2) Groundwater sampling in the Erhai Lake Basin

According to the monitoring points (see Figure 7), collect instantaneous water samples, and conduct groundwater sampling in strict accordance with the "Technical Specifications for Groundwater Environmental Monitoring" (HJ/T164-2004). The sampling flow chart is shown in Figure 8. The collected groundwater samples were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 6.

Table 6 Statistical table of monitoring results of groundwater samples

Through the detection results of pH, chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, carbonate, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen (calculated as N), arsenic, copper, zinc, chromium, cadmium, lead, nickel and mercury in the collected groundwater samples. Statistical analysis, where COD and mercury were not detected (ND), found:

① The total nitrogen content of samples DXS-2, DXS-3, DXS-4 and DXS-5 is relatively high, the highest being DXS-4 (7748.00 μg/L), and the above samples are mainly distributed in the east of Erhai Lake.

Among them, DXS-2 and DXS-4 belong to the lower Devonian Kanglang Formation (D ₁ k) and Lower Devonian Qingshan Formation (D ₁ q), and DXS-3 and DXS-5 belong to the Lower Devonian Qingshan Formation (D ₁ q) and Lower Devonian Lianhuaqu Formation (D ₁ l). The total nitrogen content of Lianhuaqu Formation (D ₁ l) formation rocks in the Lower Devonian system is higher than that of other formation rocks, and the total nitrogen content of DXS-3 and DXS-5 is higher, which is related to the water-bearing formations they belong to.

②Sample DXS-6 had the highest content of total phosphorus, carbonate and zinc, which were 201.69 μg/L and 615.00 μg/L, respectively. Among them, the total phosphorus content is 7.73-28.12 times higher than other groundwater, and the carbonate content is 8.20-27.95 times higher than other groundwater. The samples were distributed in the east of Erhai Lake. The water-bearing strata to which it belongs are mainly the upper and middle Devonian (D ₂₊₃ ). The total phosphorus content of rocks in the middle and upper Devonian (D ₂₊₃ ) formations is higher than that of other formations, and the total phosphorus content of sample DXS-6 (Changyu Village) is higher than that of other groundwater, which is related to formation rocks.

③ The contents of ammonia nitrogen (calculated as N) and arsenic in hot spring samples DXS-7 and DXS-8 are higher than those in other groundwater. The hot springs are located near the fault zone and distributed in the northern Erhai Lake, which is related to the geochemical behavior of tectonic hot springs.

(3) Sampling of surface water and sediments in the Erhai Lake

The surface water sampling work was carried out in conjunction with the distribution of the influent water system of the Erhai Lake Basin. A total of 14 surface water samples were collected. The sampling locations are shown in Figure 9.

The surface water sampling method is as follows: sampling according to the "Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring" (HJ/T91-2002), collecting instantaneous water samples; for oil sampling, destroy the possible oil film before sampling, and use vertical water sampling Install the glass material container in the bracket of the water collector, place it at a depth of 300mm, and lift it up while collecting water; see "Technical Specifications for Surface Water and Sewage Monitoring" (HJ/T91-2002) for the required water sample volume Table 4-4.

Test the collected groundwater samples (if the water samples contain sedimentary solids, they should be separated and removed), and the test results are shown in Table 7.

Table 7 Statistical table of test results of surface water samples

Analyze the measured data by testing the pH, arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, zinc, nickel, manganese, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand of the surface water samples flowing into the Erhai Lake Statistics, found:

① Sample DB-14 is a stream water system near the sewage treatment plant in the west of Erhai Lake, and its copper, zinc, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and other indicators are higher than other surface water systems.

②The total nitrogen content of samples DB-9 and DB-8 is higher than other surface water samples entering Erhai Lake, the total nitrogen content of sample DB-9 is 7.15mg/L, and the total nitrogen content of sample DB-8 is 5.09mg/L. Two samples were collected in the east of Erhai Lake, among which DB-9 was located in Changyu Village.

When surface water is collected, the water system sediment is sampled at the same time. The method is as follows: take professional sampling equipment to collect 30 cm of non-disturbed water system sediment at a designated location, and take a sample every 10 cm from top to bottom, and a total of 3 samples are taken at one point; water system The pretreatment method of the sediment measurement sample is: original sample→drying→grinding→passing through a 60-mesh sieve→shrinking and taking 20g for analysis→reserving the remaining part as a secondary sample. 13 pieces of collected water system sediments were tested, among which DB-11 and DB-12 are hot spring-like water system sediments. The test results are shown in Table 8.

Table 8 Statistical table of detection results of surface water sediment samples in Erhai Lake

Through the detection of pH, arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, zinc, nickel, manganese, total nitrogen (calculated as N), ammonia nitrogen (calculated as N) and total phosphorus in the sediments entering Erhai Lake, the According to the analysis and statistics of the data results (Table 6.3-1), it is found that the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in the surface water sediments entering the Erhai Lake is relatively high, and the sample with the highest total nitrogen is DB-10, which reaches 22273mg/kg, and the total phosphorus is relatively high DB-8 (1801mg/kg), DB-4 (1692mg/kg), DB-3 (1526mg/kg) and DB-9 (1487mg/kg), among which DB-10, DB-8, DB-4 There are many farmlands and towns around DB-3, which have a certain impact on the total phosphorus and total nitrogen of the surface water; the higher total nitrogen content of DB-9 is related to the surrounding phosphorus-containing strata.

(4) Sampling of Erhai sea mud and bottom mud overlying water

Sediment samples were collected in the Erhai Lake area corresponding to the surface water sampling river, and the sampling locations are shown in Figure 10.

A stainless steel columnar sediment sampler was used for sampling, and the sample was taken as an undisturbed sample. The water sample was taken from 20-30cm of water overlying the sediment, and the overlying water was sucked out by siphon method, and then the sediment was withdrawn from the plexiglass tube in sequence, according to every 10cm Divide the columnar sediment into one layer, take 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20-30cm sediment samples respectively, cut the samples into PVC ziplock bags, and store them in a refrigerator. The collected Erhai sea mud and the overlying water of the bottom mud were tested, and the results are shown in Table 9-Table 11.

Table 9 Erhai sea mud sample detection results table

Table 10 Test results of Erhai sea mud samples

Table 11 Test results of water samples overlying (20-30cm) Erhai sea mud

Through the detection of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, nickel, lead, copper, chromium, zinc, manganese, hexavalent chromium, organic matter, total phosphorus and total nitrogen content of the collected sediment samples and overlying water samples, the detection results Statistical analysis was carried out to obtain the following results:

In the test results of water samples overlying sediment, sediment (0-10cm), sediment (10-20cm) and sediment (20-30cm), the elements with higher content and greater variation are: manganese, total nitrogen and total phosphorus.

① Manganese:

Among the sediment samples, the sample with the highest average manganese content is DN-4 (1369 mg/kg), and the two samples with the lowest average manganese content are DN-8 (841 mg/kg) and DN-3 (926 mg/kg); The three samples with the highest manganese content in the water samples were DN-8 (937 μg/L), DN-1 (989 μg/L) and DN-3 (1182 μg/L).

②Total phosphorus:

The samples with higher average content of total phosphorus in sediment samples are DN-4 (1150mg/kg), DN-6 (1099mg/kg) and DN-7 (1067mg/kg); the water samples overlying the sediment have the highest total phosphorus content The best is DN-4 (250μg/L).

③Total Nitrogen:

The samples with higher average content of total nitrogen in sediment samples were DN-1 (3150mg/kg), DN-2 (1962mg/kg), DN-4 (1954mg/kg) and DN-9 (1933mg/kg); The samples with higher total nitrogen content in mud overlying water were DN-1 (3420μg/L) and DN-9 (3070μg/L).

Figure 11 is a comparison chart of the manganese, total phosphorus and nitrogen content of the sediment overlying water samples; Figure 12 is a comparison chart of the manganese, total phosphorus and nitrogen content of the sediment samples.

It can be seen from Figure 11 and Figure 12 that the change trend of manganese content in sediment samples and overlying water samples is inversely proportional; the change trend of total phosphorus in sediment samples and overlying water samples is in direct proportion; The change trend of the sample nitrogen is proportional to the trend.

The present invention samples the rocks in the strata containing polluting elements near the Erhai Lake Basin, flows into the groundwater, flows into the surface water, the surface water sediments, and the bottom mud and the overlying water of the bottom mud at the inlet, and measures the collected samples. The results of pollutant analysis determined the source of water pollution in Erhai Lake.

Through preliminary data collection research and sample collection, it was identified from the field that there are phosphorus- and manganese-containing strata in Changyu Village in the east of Erhai Lake, Haixi Reservoir in the north of Erhai Lake, and Jianhu Lake. .

According to the analysis and test results of 3 petrochemical profiles arranged around Erhai Lake and 88 samples collected, the background values of phosphorus and nitrogen content in the strata around Erhai Lake are relatively high, especially in the basalt formation area and carbonate rock formation area in the east of Erhai Lake. Its content is 2-3 times that of other formations; the total phosphorus content of groundwater in corresponding phosphorus-containing formations is 13 times that of other formations, and the content of groundwater in carbonate rock formations is 15 times that of other formations; Water quality has a certain impact.

According to the test results of hot spring samples, the content of ammonia nitrogen in hot spring water is 11 times that of other samples, and the content of heavy metal arsenic is 15 times that of other groundwater samples. Water pollution in the basin has a great impact.

According to the analysis results of the water samples and sediment samples of the estuaries of the ten main rivers flowing into the Erhai Lake, and the sediment samples of the corresponding Erhai Lakeside lake belt, the pollutant content in the rivers and the pollutant content in the corresponding lakeside belt are linearly related, indicating that the pollution of the lakeside belt The pollutants are mainly brought in by rivers; the rivers with high pollutant content in the west and north are mainly distributed in agricultural non-point source pollution areas and urban areas, and the rivers with high pollutant content in the east are mainly distributed in the exposed areas of phosphorus and manganese strata in Changyu Village .

According to the analysis results of mud samples from the Erhai Sea, the highest organic matter is 46.9mg/Kg, which is located at the mouth of the Xi’er River, and the lowest is 23.2g/Kg, which is located near the river inlet in the northern part of the Erhai Lake; the highest total phosphorus is 1150.3mg/Kg, which is located at the river inlet of Beicun. Nearby, the lowest is 739.7mg/Kg; the highest total nitrogen is 3149.7mg/Kg, located near the entrance of the Xi’er River, and the lowest is 1170.0mg/Kg, located near the entrance of the northern Erhai Lake.

According to the analysis results of the water samples of the main rivers flowing into the Erhai Lake, the highest total phosphorus is 1801mg/Kg, the lowest is 1077mg/Kg, the total phosphorus in the phosphorus-containing stratum in Changyu Village is 1487mg/Kg, which is 1.38 times the lowest 1077mg/Kg; the highest ammonia nitrogen is 129mg/Kg , the lowest is 1.46mg/Kg, the ammonia nitrogen in the phosphorous stratum in Changyu Village is 129mg/Kg, which is 88 times the lowest 1.46mg/Kg; the highest total nitrogen is 872mg/Kg, the lowest is 442mg/Kg, and the total nitrogen in the phosphorous stratum in Changyu Village 872mg/Kg, which is 1.97 times of the lowest 442mg/Kg.

To sum up, apart from human pollution, a considerable part of the pollutant elements in the Erhai Sea mud comes from the strata; a considerable part of the Erhai Lake water pollution elements comes from the stratum.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to describe the preferred mode of the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various Variations and improvements should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for determining the source of pollution of lake water pollution, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: to the rock that contains polluting element formation near the lake basin, the lake flows into the groundwater, the lake flows into the surface water and the sediment of the river system, the bottom mud of the lake flow inlet , Sampling of the overlying water of the bottom mud, and measuring the collected samples, by comparing the analysis results of various pollutants, combined with the investigation of non-point source pollution in the river basin, to determine the pollution source of the lake water pollution. 2. the determination method of lake water body pollution source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the rock that contains polluting element formation near described lake basin is by analyzing lake basin regional geological report, regional mineral geological report, regional rock geochemical anomaly And the rocks in the stratum where the background value of the pollution element determined by the comprehensive research of the research results of various scientific research institutes at home and abroad exceeds the Clark value. 3. the method for determining the pollution source of lake water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sampling method of the rocks of the stratum containing polluting elements near the lake basin is: sampling within 1/10 of the line spacing of the sampling points , Combining three sampling points into one sample, collecting fine-grained substances in the soil leaching layer-parent material layer at a depth of 10cm-50cm on the surface. 4. The method for determining the source of pollution of lake water pollution according to claim 1, wherein said lake flows into groundwater according to regional geological reports, regional hydrogeological reports, regional structural distribution and research results of various scientific research institutes at home and abroad A comprehensive study of whether pollutants brought from the depths of the earth due to tectonic activities end up in the lake's groundwater. 5. The lake according to claim 4 flows into the groundwater, characterized in that the lake basin and its surrounding topography, geological structure, stratum lithology and distribution, aquifers and the distribution of relative aquifers need to be understood for the lake to flow into the groundwater. status; ascertain the groundwater type, burial conditions, groundwater chemical characteristics, groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge conditions, mining and utilization of the hydrogeological unit; the genetic type, exposure location, formation conditions and spring water flow, water quality. 6. The pollution source determination method of lake water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sampling method of said lake flowing into groundwater is: according to the monitoring points, collecting instantaneous water samples, making sampling records and unique identification of samples . 7. the method for determining the source of pollution of lake water pollution according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lake flows into surface water and water system sediment is determined according to lake basin water system distribution characteristics and known tributary distribution situation; Its basic The principle is: there are sampling points in the area to control the abnormal range, delineate the abnormal location, and find out the abnormal distribution and combination characteristics. 8. The pollution source determination method of lake water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sampling method of the surface water sediments flowing into the lake is as follows: 30 cm of undisturbed water system sediments are taken, and one is taken every 10 cm from top to bottom A total of 3 samples were taken from one point. 9. The pollution source determination method of lake water pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sampling method of the bottom mud at the inlet of the lake and the overlying water of the bottom mud is: take an undisturbed sample, and use a tubular sampler to insert and sample The 20-30cm above the bottom mud is the overlying water sample, which is sucked out by siphon method, and then the sediment is withdrawn from the sampler in turn, and the sediment is divided according to every 10cm layer, and the 0-10cm, 10- 20cm and 20-30cm sediment samples. 10. The method for determining pollution sources of lake water pollution according to claim 1, wherein the pollutants include: total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, organic matter and heavy metals.

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