CN115406231B - Boron-aluminum composite material recycling equipment and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides boron aluminum composite material recycling equipment and a method, the equipment comprises a smelting furnace and a stirring device, a first guide cylinder is coaxially arranged on the inner side wall of the top of the smelting furnace and is coaxial with the smelting furnace, the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft, the stirring shaft comprises a shaft body in sliding guide fit with the first guide cylinder, a sleeve body in sliding sleeve with the shaft body, and a sliding rod coaxial with the shaft body and in guide penetrating with the lower end part of the shaft body, a first limiting surface facing the first guide cylinder is arranged below the first guide cylinder at intervals, a second limiting surface in limiting fit with the first limiting surface is arranged on the sleeve body, a plurality of stirring rod assemblies are arranged between the sliding rod and the sleeve body, and when the equipment is heated and stirred, the stirring shaft is placed in a first state through the stirring rod assemblies, and the stirring rod assemblies are switched to a second state after stirring is completed, so that the stirring shaft and boron fibers are separated.

Description

Boron-aluminum composite material recycling equipment and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of boron-aluminum composite material recycling, in particular to boron-aluminum composite material recycling equipment and a boron-aluminum composite material recycling method.

Background

The boron fiber reinforced aluminum or aluminum alloy for the boron aluminum composite material has the advantages of low specific gravity, high mechanical property and the like, and the boron aluminum composite material can generate waste during preparation, so that the manufacturing cost of related industries can be greatly reduced through recycling the waste. However, at present, a heating method is mainly adopted for recycling the boron aluminum composite material, aluminum and aluminum alloy materials are heated and melted to be led out, so that the purpose of separating and recycling the boron fibers and the aluminum base is achieved, in order to improve the heating efficiency in the process of heating the composite material, a stirring device is generally grafted in a heating furnace, however, the boron fibers are easily wound on a stirring piece in the stirring process, so that the boron fibers are not easily separated from the stirring piece, the conventional heating furnace for recycling the boron aluminum composite material adopts a mode of improving the heating temperature in order to improve the heating efficiency, aluminum steam is easily generated after the heating temperature is improved, unnecessary injury is caused to operators, and energy consumption is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present application provides a boron aluminum composite recycling device and method.

The invention provides boron aluminum composite recycling equipment, which comprises a smelting furnace and a stirring device arranged on the inner side wall of the top of the smelting furnace, wherein a first guide cylinder is coaxially arranged on the inner side wall of the top of the smelting furnace and is provided with a stirring shaft, the stirring shaft comprises a shaft body in sliding guide fit with the first guide cylinder, a sleeve body in sliding sleeve on the shaft body, and a sliding rod coaxial with the shaft body and in guide penetrating arrangement on the lower end part of the shaft body, a first limit surface facing the first guide cylinder is arranged below the first guide cylinder at intervals, a second limit surface in limit fit with the first limit surface is arranged on the sleeve body, a plurality of stirring rod assemblies are arranged between the sliding rod and the sleeve body, the stirring rod assemblies are provided with a first state of opening radially to the shaft body and a second state of opening radially to the shaft body, and when the shaft body reciprocates along the axial direction, the stirring rod assemblies can be driven to switch between the first state and the second state.

Further, a guide blind hole is coaxially formed in the lower end portion of the shaft body, the sliding rod is arranged in the guide blind hole in a guide mode, and a return spring is arranged between the end portion of the sliding rod and the bottom of the guide blind hole.

Further, the stirring rod group comprises a first gear, a first rod and a second rod, wherein the first gear is arranged on the sleeve body in a rotating mode, the first rod is arranged in a synchronous rotating mode with the first gear, the second rod is hinged to the sliding rod, one end, away from the first gear, of the first rod is hinged to one end, away from the sliding rod, of the second rod, tooth grooves are formed in the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body, the tooth grooves are meshed with the first gear, and the axis of the first gear, the hinge shaft of the second rod, the hinge shaft of the sliding rod, the hinge shafts of the first rod and the second rod are all arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the shaft body.

Further, a first piston is arranged in the first guide cylinder in a sliding mode, the first piston is connected with the shaft body, the first guide cylinder is communicated with a rigid heat conduction cavity, and a thermal expansion flowing medium is filled in the rigid heat conduction cavity.

Further, the device also comprises a backflow container, wherein the backflow container comprises a piston cavity, a second piston arranged in the piston cavity and a first pressure spring arranged between the second piston and one end face of the piston cavity, the piston cavity is positioned at one end, far away from the first pressure spring, of the second piston cavity and is communicated with the rigid heat conduction cavity, and a control valve is arranged between the rigid heat conduction cavity and the piston cavity.

Further, the smelting furnace comprises a columnar outer shell, an annular rotary table is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell, a cavity with an opening at the upper part is arranged on the rotary table, a first guide cylinder is rotationally connected with the outer shell, a stirring shaft is non-rotationally connected with the outer shell, a second driving device for driving the first guide cylinder to rotate around the axis of the first guide cylinder is arranged between the first guide cylinder and the outer shell, and a clamping unit for clamping the inner side wall of the cavity is arranged on the first guide cylinder.

Further, the clamping unit comprises a plurality of clamping components arranged around the first guide cylinder, the clamping components comprise a second piston cylinder arranged along the radial direction of the first guide cylinder, a piston rod arranged in the second piston cylinder in a sliding manner, and a clamping plate arranged at one end, far away from the first guide cylinder, of the piston rod, and one end, close to the first guide cylinder, of the second piston cylinder is communicated with the rigid heat conducting cavity.

Further, the rigid heat conduction cavity is fixedly connected with the first guide cylinder, the outer peripheral surface of the second piston cylinder is hinged with a plurality of rigid rods which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second piston cylinders, a third piston cavity which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the rigid rods is arranged in the rigid heat conduction cavity, a third piston is slidably arranged in the third piston cavity, a third piston rod is arranged on the lower surface of the third piston, a sliding sleeve is sleeved on the rigid rod in a sliding manner, the end part of the third piston rod is hinged with the sliding sleeve, the third piston cavity is parallel to the first guide cylinder, and the upper end part of the third piston cavity is positioned at one side, away from the rigid rods, of the third piston cavity and is communicated with the inside of the rigid heat conduction cavity.

Further, the outer shell comprises a cylindrical body and a cover body covering the upper end of the body, the first guide cylinder is arranged on the cover body, and the cover body is further provided with a feeding port and an air filtering device.

Further, the invention also provides a method for recycling the boron aluminum composite material, which comprises the following steps:

step one, putting materials into a smelting furnace;

step two, heating by a melting furnace, and driving the stirring rod group to switch from a second state to a first state along with the rising of the temperature inside the melting furnace and the rising of the pressure drop inside the rigid heat conduction cavity;

heating the melting furnace continuously, stirring the internal materials through a stirring shaft, heating and melting the aluminum materials, and then guiding out the aluminum materials, and winding boron fibers on a stirring rod group of the stirring shaft until all the materials are processed;

step four, waiting for the pressure in the rigid heat conduction cavity to be reduced, switching the stirring assembly from the first state to the second state, and then separating the stirring shaft from the boron fiber;

and fifthly, taking the boron fiber out of the furnace.

Advantageous effects

The invention provides a boron aluminum composite material recycling device and a boron aluminum composite material recycling method.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a boron aluminum composite recycling device provided by the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stirring shaft and the first guide cylinder in the boron aluminum composite recycling device.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stirring rod set in a second state in the boron aluminum composite recycling device provided by the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the partial enlarged schematic diagram at a in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure at C-C in fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the inside of the reflow container in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of fig. 1 at B.

Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of D in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of fig. 7 at E.

Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of fig. 7 at F.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the connection between the components of the cleaning assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recycling boron aluminum composite material in the invention.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

Example 1

The invention provides boron aluminum composite recycling equipment, as a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the equipment comprises a smelting furnace 1, and further comprises a stirring device 2 arranged on the smelting furnace 1, wherein a first guide cylinder 10 is coaxially arranged on the inner side wall of the top of the smelting furnace 1 and is coaxial with the smelting furnace 1, the stirring device 2 comprises a stirring shaft 21, the stirring shaft 21 comprises a shaft body 210 in sliding guide fit with the first guide cylinder 10, a sleeve body 211 in sliding sleeve fit with the shaft body 210, and a sliding rod 213 coaxial with the shaft body 210 and penetrating through the lower end part of the shaft body 210, a first limiting surface 216 facing the first guide cylinder is arranged below the first guide cylinder at intervals, a second limiting surface 2110 in limiting fit with the first limiting surface 216 is arranged on the sleeve body 211, a plurality of stirring rod groups 217 are further arranged between the sliding rod 213 and the sleeve body, the stirring rod assemblies are provided with a first state and a second state and can be switched between the first state and the second state and the stirring rod groups in the axial direction.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in use, the stirring rod group 217 is placed in a second state parallel to the shaft body by controlling the position of the shaft body 210, then the boron aluminum composite material is put into the interior of the furnace 1, aluminum or aluminum alloy in the boron aluminum composite material is melted by heating the furnace, at this time, the stirring rod group 217 is placed between materials, then the stirring assembly is driven to have a second state and expand outwards to a first state by axially moving the driving shaft body 210, then the internal materials are stirred by relatively rotating the stirring shaft 21 and the internal materials, heating uniformity is improved, and as molten boron fibers of aluminum materials can be wound around the exterior of the stirring rod group 217, and as the molten boron fibers of aluminum materials can form a column-like or spherical boron fiber mass approximately coaxial with the stirring shaft outside the stirring assembly, liquid aluminum liquid is led out after the aluminum materials are melted, and then the driving shaft body 21 moves in the opposite direction to an initial position, thereby driving the stirring rod group 217 to a second state, at this time, the stirring rod group 217 is driven to be parallel to the shaft body, thus the stirring shaft 217 is conveniently pulled out of the boron fiber mass along the axial direction, the stirring shaft 217 is conveniently separated from the boron fiber mass, and the boron fiber is easily separated from the boron fiber mass, and the stirring assembly is easily separated from the boron fiber, and the stirring assembly is easily driven.

Further, as a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the stirring rod set 217 includes a first gear 2170 rotatably disposed on the sleeve 211, a first rod 2171 rotatably disposed in synchronization with the first gear, and a second rod 2173 hinged to the sliding rod 213, and as a specific embodiment, the first rod 2171 may be fixedly connected to the first gear by means of welding, one end of the first rod away from the first gear and one end of the second rod away from the sliding rod are hinged, a tooth socket 2103 meshed with the first gear is disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the shaft body 210, and an axis of the first gear, a hinge shaft of the second rod and the sliding rod 213, and a hinge shaft of the first rod and the second rod are all disposed in parallel and perpendicular to an axis of the shaft body.

Further, a blind guide hole 2101 is coaxially disposed at the lower end of the shaft body 210, the sliding rod 213 is disposed in the blind guide hole 2101 in a guiding manner, and a return spring 2102 is disposed between the end of the sliding rod and the bottom of the blind guide hole 2101.

Specifically, the working principle is as follows: referring to fig. 3, when the stirring rod set 217 is in the second state, the return spring 2102 is in the extended state, the first rod and the second rod are both in a state parallel to the shaft body 210, the first limiting surface 216 and the second limiting surface 2110 are in a separated state, when the state of the stirring rod set needs to be switched, the sleeve body 211 can be pushed to move downwards together by the axial downward movement of the driving shaft body 210, when the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are contacted, the sleeve body 211 is limited, the sleeve body 211 cannot continue to move downwards, the shaft body 210 and the sleeve body slide relatively, the first gear can be driven to rotate when the shaft body 210 and the sleeve body slide relatively, one end of the first rod far away from the first gear rotates outwards, the first rod drives the end of the second rod to rotate outwards, and provides pulling force to the sliding rod 213 to enable the sliding rod 213 to slide into the guide blind hole against the elastic force of the return spring 2102, so that the stirring rod set 217 is driven to a first state, in this way, the first rod and the second rod are unfolded in an outward rotating manner, so that boron fibers can be pushed away from inside to outside, and are less prone to winding on the stirring rod set, further, after the stirring task is completed, the driving shaft body 210 moves upwards, so that the first rod body and the second rod body return to a state parallel to the shaft body under the elastic force of the return spring, then the shaft body continues to move upwards, the sleeve body moves upwards, the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are separated, as a preferred embodiment, a connecting cylinder is coaxially arranged at the lower end part of the first guide cylinder 10, a connecting end cover 216a is detachably arranged at the lower end part of the connecting cylinder, the first limiting surface is the upper surface of the end cover, the second limiting surface is the lower surface of the step portion of the sleeve 211 expanding outwards.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the driving shaft body 210 is formed by: referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first piston 2100 is slidably disposed in the first guide cylinder 10, the first piston is connected to the shaft 210, the first guide cylinder 10 is communicated with a rigid heat conducting cavity 100, and the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is filled with a thermal expansion flowing medium.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is surrounded on the periphery of the first guide cylinder, as a preferred embodiment, the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is fixedly connected with the first guide cylinder by welding, a first flow channel 10a which is communicated with the inside of the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is arranged on the outer side wall of the first guide cylinder 10, the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 can be made of steel plates with a melting point higher than 1200 ℃, in this way, when the boron-aluminum composite material is heated by the furnace, a stirring shaft is arranged in the material to be treated, then the stirring shaft is heated by the furnace, along with the rise of the internal temperature of the furnace, the thermal expansion flowing medium in the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is heated and expanded, the first piston 2100 is pushed to move downwards after expansion, the first piston drives the shaft body 210 to move downwards, so as to realize the effect of switching the stirring rod group from the second state to the first state, then the stirring rod group 217 is stirred to the aluminum liquid is led out, the boron fiber is left in the furnace, after all the materials are treated, the heating is stopped, the internal temperature is reduced, and therefore the thermal expansion medium in the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is contracted, the first piston 217 is pushed to move downwards under the action of the stirring rod group from the second state to the first state, and the stirring rod 2100 is convenient to separate from the fiber group; as a preferred embodiment, a material with a certain heat insulation performance such as an asbestos layer is attached to the outer surface of the rigid heat conduction cavity 100, so that the temperature inside the rigid heat conduction cavity 100 is lower than the temperature inside the melting furnace, and when the temperature inside the melting furnace is 700-800 ℃, the temperature inside the rigid heat conduction cavity 100 is 80-90 ℃, thereby protecting the internal thermal expansion flowing medium.

Further, referring to fig. 1 and 6, as a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a backflow container 101, where the backflow container 101 includes a piston cavity 101, a second piston 1011 disposed in the piston cavity 1010, and a first compression spring 1012 disposed between the second piston and an end surface of the piston cavity 1010, the piston cavity 1010 is located at an end of the second piston 1011 away from the first compression spring 1012 and is in communication with the rigid heat conduction cavity 100, and a control valve 103 is disposed between the rigid heat conduction cavity 100 and the piston cavity.

Specifically, the reflux container 101 is disposed on the outer sidewall of the furnace, the first guiding cylinder 10 is externally sleeved with the rotary connecting sleeve 102, the sidewall of the first guiding cylinder is provided with the second runner 10b connected with the rotary connecting sleeve 102, the rotary connecting sleeve 102 is communicated with the piston cavity 1010 through the infusion tube 1013, and the control valve is disposed on the infusion tube 1013, it can be understood that the intermediate consumption time is too long because the stirring rod set is switched from the first state to the second state to wait for the temperature of the furnace body to drop, when the stirring rod set 217 performs stirring operation, the control valve 103 is in a closed state, when the stirring rod set is in the first state and the recovery operation is completed, the control valve 103 can be opened, at this time, the liquid in the heat conducting rigid cavity can flow into the piston cavity 1010 and push the second piston 1011 to squeeze the first pressure spring to move, the heat expanding flowing medium in the first guiding cylinder 10 is squeezed into the heat conducting rigid cavity under the elastic action of the return spring 2101, thus the return of the stirring rod set 217 can be accelerated, the heat expanding flowing medium is contracted after the temperature of the heat conducting rigid cavity is reduced, and the heat conducting rigid cavity is controlled to flow back to the first pressure spring 103 under the action to recover the heat conducting rigid cavity, namely, when the heat conducting rigid cavity is recovered; as a specific embodiment, the control valve 103 may be a manual valve.

Further, as a specific embodiment, the specific structure of the melting furnace 1 and the specific mode of stirring operation of the stirring shaft 21 are as follows: the furnace 1 comprises a columnar outer shell 11, an annular rotary table 12 is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell, a containing cavity 13 with an opening at the upper part is arranged on the rotary table 12, a first guide cylinder 10 is rotationally connected with the outer shell 11, a stirring shaft 21 is non-rotationally connected with the outer shell 11, a second driving device 15 for driving the first guide cylinder to rotate around the axis of the first guide cylinder is arranged between the first guide cylinder and the outer shell, and a clamping unit 14 for clamping the inner side wall of the containing cavity 13 is arranged on the first guide cylinder 10.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, as a specific embodiment, the driving device 15 includes a driving motor 151 disposed on an outer surface of the outer housing 11 and a driven gear 152 in driving connection with an output shaft of the driving motor sleeved on a first guide cylinder, an end plug 102 is disposed at an upper end opening of the first guide cylinder, the shaft body 21 includes a first section 210a rotatably connected with the end plug 102, and a second section 210b in guiding and rotating fit with a lower end surface of the first guide cylinder, one end of the first section 210a near the second section 210b is provided with a spline shaft section 210a-1, the second section 210b is provided with a spline blind hole 210b-1 in inserting fit with the spline shaft section 210a-1, a sleeve 211 is sleeved on a periphery of the second section, a sliding rod 213 is in non-rotating fit with the guide blind hole 2101, a first piston 2100 is disposed on the second section 210b, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a frame body 1a is disposed at a top of the furnace, the end part of the first section 210a extends out of the melting furnace to be non-rotatably connected with the frame body, and particularly, a spline can be arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the end part of the first section 210a, a spline sleeve sleeved at the end part of the first section is arranged on the frame body to form non-rotating fit, a clamping unit 14 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the first guide cylinder, when the stirring shaft is used, the clamping unit 14 extends out to clamp the inner side wall of the containing cavity 13, then the driving motor 151 drives the first guide cylinder to rotate, the first guide cylinder clamps the inner side wall of the containing cavity 13 through the clamping unit 14 to drive the containing cavity to rotate on the annular turntable, so that materials inside the containing cavity 13 can be driven to rotate to a certain extent in the rotating direction of the containing cavity, and the shaft 210 is non-rotating fit with the outer shell 11, so that the stirring shaft can stir the materials, the specific structure of the holding unit 14 and its working method are referred to below.

Further, the specific structure of the clamping unit is as follows: fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the clamping unit 14 includes a plurality of clamping assemblies 140 disposed around the first guide cylinder, the clamping assemblies 140 include a second piston cylinder 1401 disposed along a radial direction of the first guide cylinder, a piston rod 1402 slidably disposed in the second piston cylinder 1401, and a clamping plate 1403 disposed at an end of the piston rod 1402 away from the first guide cylinder, and an end of the second piston cylinder 1401 adjacent to the first guide cylinder is in communication with the rigid heat conduction cavity 100.

Specifically, through the above arrangement, when the furnace body is not heated, the thermal expansion flowing medium in the rigid heat conduction cavity is not expanded, and the piston rod 1402 is in a contracted state at this time, so that the holding unit 14 is conveniently extended into the cavity 13, and along with the heating of the furnace, the thermal expansion pressure of the flowing medium in the rigid heat conduction cavity 100 is increased, so that the flowing medium flows into the second piston cylinder 1401, the piston rod 1402 is pushed to move outwards, so that the holding plate 1403 holds the inner side wall of the cavity, the holding function is realized, after the pressure of the flowing medium in the rigid heat conduction cavity is reduced, the piston rod 1402 is contracted under the action of negative pressure, so that the holding plate 1403 leaves the inner side wall of the cavity 13, and the separation is realized.

Further, as a further improvement, referring to fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is fixedly connected with the first guide cylinder, the outer circumferential surface of the second piston cylinder 1401 is hinged with rigid rods 141 arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second piston cylinders 1401, third piston cavities 142 arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the rigid rods 141 are arranged in the rigid heat conducting cavities, third pistons 143 are slidably arranged in the third piston cavities, third piston rods 144 are arranged on the lower surfaces of the third pistons, sliding sleeves 145 are sleeved on the rigid rods 141, the end parts of the third piston rods 144 are hinged with the sliding sleeves 145, the third piston cavities 142 are arranged in parallel with the first guide cylinder, and the upper end parts of the third piston cavities are positioned on one sides of the third pistons far away from the rigid rods and are communicated with the inside of the rigid heat conducting cavities.

Specifically, by arranging the third piston cavity 142 and the rigid rod 141, when the thermal expansion pressure of the flowing medium in the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is increased, the third piston 143 is pushed to move downwards, so as to push the third piston rod 144 to move downwards vertically, and push one end of the rigid rod away from the first guide cylinder to swing downwards until the end of the third piston 143 and the end of the third piston cavity are propped against each other to form a limit when the second piston cylinder is in a horizontal state, and as the pressure in the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is continuously increased, the flowing medium flows into the second piston cavity to push the second piston rod to extend out of the driving clamping plate to clamp the inner side wall of the accommodating cavity 13, and when the pressure of the flowing medium in the rigid heat conducting cavity 100 is reduced, the second piston rod and the third piston rod are both contracted, so that the second piston cylinder moves out of the range of the accommodating cavity 13, thereby being more beneficial to the separation of the holding unit 14 and the accommodating cavity 13.

Further, referring to fig. 4, a second return spring 1404 is disposed between the second piston 1403 and an end surface of the second piston cylinder away from one end of the first guide cylinder, by disposing the second return spring 1404, it can be ensured that when the thermal expansion pressure of the flowing medium in the rigid heat conduction cavity 100 increases, the third piston is pushed to a horizontal state from a storage state, after the third piston is completely pushed out, the second piston is pushed to resist the elastic force of the second return spring, when the pressure of the flowing medium in the rigid heat conduction cavity 100 decreases, the second piston is firstly retracted under the action of the elastic force of the second return spring, so that the clamping plate is separated from the accommodating cavity, and then the third piston is retracted, thereby avoiding collision or friction between the clamping plate and the accommodating cavity.

Further, it can be understood that the working environment of the cavity is a high temperature environment, therefore, after long-time use, the inner wall inevitably has a phenomenon of pothole or unevenness, thereby the clamping plate and the inner side wall of the cavity 13 cannot be tightly clamped and can not provide sufficient clamping force, in order to avoid the phenomenon, referring to fig. 4 and 5, an extension cylinder body is coaxially arranged at one end of the second piston cylinder 1401 far away from the first guide cylinder 10, guide grooves 1408 with a T-shaped cross section are respectively arranged on the cylinder walls at two opposite sides of the extension cylinder body, the guide direction of the guide grooves is parallel to the axial direction of the second piston rod, guide rods 1406 with a T-shaped cross section are arranged in the guide grooves, rack parts 14071 are respectively arranged on one surfaces of the two guide rods 1406 facing each other, driving gears 1405 are respectively meshed with the two rack parts 14071 at the end parts of the second piston rod, the rotating parts of the driving gears are vertically arranged, the end parts of each guide rod 1406 are respectively provided with the clamping plate 1403, through the arrangement, when the second piston rod is pushed by the driving gears, the two guide rods can be pushed by the driving gears to extend out of the two guide rods to move the two guide rods, and the two guide rods can be further contacted with the inner side wall of the piston rod, and the piston rod can be further contacted with the inner side wall of the piston rod to move smoothly, so that the two inner side wall can be clamped by the piston rod continuously clamped by the driving rod and further contacted with the other.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the outer housing 11 includes a cylindrical body 110 and a cover 111 covering the upper end of the body, the first guide cylinder is disposed on the cover, and the cover is further provided with a feed inlet 112 and an air filtering device 3.

Referring to fig. 1, a discharge port is formed at the bottom of the body in such a manner that a discharge port 1b is formed at the bottom of the cavity, and an outflow hole 130 is formed at the bottom of the cavity, when the device is used, waste materials can be thrown through the feed port, aluminum materials are heated and melted and then flow out of the discharge port 1b along with the outflow hole, boron fibers are wound outside a stirring shaft until the waste materials are completely treated, then the pressure of a thermal expansion flowing medium in the rigid heat conduction cavity 100 is waited for to be reduced, the stirring rod set is restored to a second state, the holding assembly 14 returns to an initial state releasing the cavity, then the cover 111 is vertically lifted to be separated from the body 110, and trace aluminum vapor generated in the heating process can be filtered by arranging an air filtering device 3 on the cover, so that the physical health of staff is ensured, wherein the specific structure of the air filtering device is referred to below.

Further, as a specific embodiment, the specific structure of the air filtration device and the filtration method thereof are as follows: referring to fig. 7 to 11, the air filtering apparatus includes a body 31 thermally coupled to a cover 111, an air flow path 3a is provided in the body, an exhaust fan (not shown) is connected to an air outlet 3a-1 of the air flow path 3a, an opening 1110 corresponding to the air inlet of the air flow path 3a is provided in the cover 111, a filter assembly 32 is provided in the air flow path 3a, a cleaning assembly 33 is provided in the body 31 in correspondence with the filter assembly 32, wherein the filter assembly includes a heat conduction block 321, a plurality of condensation flow paths 322 are provided in parallel in the heat conduction block, a cooling channel 323 provided in the heat conduction block, and a cooling liquid supply device 324 communicating with the cooling channel, preferably water, the cooling liquid supply device may be a liquid pump, wherein a liquid outlet end of the cooling liquid supply device is connected to a liquid inlet of the cooling channel 323 through a first liquid pipe 3410, the liquid outlet of the cooling channel is connected with the reflux port of the cooling liquid supply device 324 through the second liquid pipe 3411, the first liquid pipe 3410 is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 3412, when in use, the air on the upper layer inside the furnace is pumped out through the air flow channel 3a through the work of an exhaust fan (not shown), the cooling liquid is supplied to the cooling channel 323 through the cooling liquid supply device 324 to reduce the temperature of the inner side wall of the condensing flow channel 323 to 90-150 ℃, at the moment, the aluminum vapor is condensed and attached on the inner side wall of the condensing flow channel 322 when passing through the condensing flow channel 322, thereby achieving the purpose of aluminum vapor filtration, the aluminum layer 4 attached on the inner side wall of the condensing flow channel is thicker along with the filtration, thereby affecting the ventilation effect, further, the cleaning component 33 is also arranged, the air pressure detection device can be arranged on both sides of the condensing flow channel, when the pressure difference between the two air pressure detection devices reaches a preset value, the cleaning assembly 33 is controlled to work to clean the aluminum layer in the condensation flow passage, wherein the cleaning assembly 33 has the following specific structure: the device comprises a body 331 arranged opposite to a heat conduction block 321, wherein the body 331 is provided with a guide channel 332 corresponding to a plurality of condensation flow channels 322 one by one and a working cavity 330 communicated with one end, far away from the heat conduction block, of the guide channel 331, a fourth piston 333 is arranged in the guide channel in a sliding guide way, the fourth piston is connected with a cleaning rod 334 capable of penetrating into the condensation channel, the device also comprises a heating cavity 335 arranged in the heating block and a spray head 336 arranged in the heating cavity 335, the spray head 336 is connected with a liquid outlet of a cooling liquid supply device 324 through a third liquid pipe 3361, a second electromagnetic valve 33610 is arranged on the third liquid pipe 3361, the heating cavity 335 is provided with a steam outlet 3351, the working cavity 330 is provided with a steam inlet 3301 communicated with the steam outlet, and a third electromagnetic valve 3302 is arranged between the steam inlet and the steam outlet, the control device 5 controls the first electromagnetic valve to be closed, the second electromagnetic valve is opened for a certain time, the cooling liquid supply device 324 is sprayed with a certain amount of water mist into the heating cavity 335, the water is heated and evaporated to generate a large amount of steam, after the second electromagnetic valve is opened for a preset time T1, the third electromagnetic valve is opened, the steam enters the working cavity 330 through the steam outlet 3351 and the steam inlet, the pressure in the working cavity is rapidly increased, thereby pushing the fourth piston to rapidly move to drive the cleaning rod 334 into the cooling channel 323, the aluminum layer in the cooling channel is impacted and cleaned, further, the cleaning rod 334 is in sliding sealing fit with the annular end cover 3321 at the lower end part of the guide channel, the top of the working cavity 330 is provided with a relief valve group 336 and a locking component 337 for locking the relief valve group, wherein the relief valve group comprises a valve channel 3361 communicated with the working cavity, a valve core 3362 slidingly arranged in the valve channel, the valve comprises a ventilation valve cover 3363 arranged at the upper end part of the valve channel and a limit spring 3364 arranged between the valve core and the ventilation valve cover, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the valve core is in sliding sealing fit with the inner side wall of the valve channel, and when the pressure in the working cavity is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the valve core moves to the bottom of the valve channel under the elastic action of the limit spring; the valve channel side wall is provided with a valve hole 33610 communicated with the atmosphere, and the distance from the valve hole to the ventilation valve cover is greater than L1+L2 along the axial direction of the valve channel, wherein L1 is the axial length of the valve core, and L2 is the length of the limit spring in a fully compressed state; the locking assembly 337 comprises a locking channel 3371 which is perpendicular to the valve channel, a fifth piston 3372 which is arranged in the locking channel in a sliding way, a locking rod 3373 which is arranged on one side of the fifth piston close to the valve channel 3361, a through hole for the locking rod to pass through, a through hole which is in sealing sliding fit with the locking rod, an annular locking groove 33620 which is matched with the locking rod, and an air vent 33710 which is arranged on the locking channel, wherein one end of the locking channel far away from the valve channel is communicated with the atmosphere, and the air vent 33710 is arranged between the fifth piston and the valve channel when the locking rod stretches into the annular locking groove; the air filter device is internally provided with a first communication channel 3374 communicated with an air channel 3a and an air vent 33710, the side wall of each guide channel 332 is provided with a second air vent 3320 communicated with the first communication channel 3374, the length of the second air vent reaching the lower end part of the wire channel is smaller than one half of the total length of the wire channel and larger than one fourth of the total length along the axial direction of the wire channel, in this way, when the air filter device works normally, negative pressure is generated in the air channel 3a, thus pressure difference is generated at two sides of a fifth piston in the locking channel, the fifth piston is pushed by the pressure difference to enable the locking rod to extend into an annular locking groove to lock a valve core, when the cleaning assembly 33 is required to work, the exhaust fan stops working, the cleaning rod is pushed to enter the condensation channel 322 rapidly to push and clean an inner aluminum layer by generating steam to push the fourth piston to move downwards, when the fourth piston passes through the second air port 3320, the second air port 3320 is communicated with the working chamber 320, steam in the working chamber enters the locking channel 3371 through the first communication channel 3374 to push the fifth piston to move, so that the locking rod 3373 releases the valve core 3362, the valve core is jacked up under the action of air pressure in the working chamber, air in the working chamber is released from the valve hole 33610 to lower the air pressure in the working chamber, the fourth piston 333 continuously moves under the action of air pressure and inertia to compress the air under the guide channel, the air pressure under the guide channel is higher, and as the air pressure in the working chamber is released and lowered, when the fourth piston moves to the lowest point, the cleaning rod can rebound for a certain distance under the action of the air pressure under the guide channel, so that the cleaning rod is pulled out from the condensation channel 322, after the air in the working chamber is released, the valve core is bounced back to lean against the bottom of the valve channel under the action of the elasticity of the limiting spring, the third electromagnetic valve 3302 is closed, the cleaning assembly completes cleaning work, an aluminum layer pushed out by the cleaning rod enters the furnace from the opening 1110 and is melted and recycled again, the exhaust fan continues to work, negative pressure is generated in the air channel again, and the locking rod is inserted into the annular locking groove again to lock the valve core under the action of the negative pressure.

Further, in some embodiments, a second communication channel (not shown) that communicates the working chamber 330 with the air flow channel is further disposed in the body 31, and the flow cross section of the second communication channel is smaller than the flow cross section of the second air vent 3320 and smaller than the flow cross section of the communication channel 3374, by this arrangement, when the exhaust fan works, the pressure in the working chamber is equal to the pressure in the flow channel through the second communication channel, and at this time, the cleaning assembly can be disposed below the filtering assembly, so that the fourth piston and the cleaning rod can stay in the guide channel under the action of gravity and the friction force with the guide channel 332, so that the fourth piston has a suitable stroke, thereby ensuring that the piston obtains a sufficient speed under the condition of steam pushing.

Further, referring to fig. 10, a mounting channel 3210 is provided in the heat conducting block 321, a steel cylinder 3211 is coaxially provided in the mounting channel, the condensation flow channel 322 is an internal channel of the cylinder 3211, one end of the cylinder is provided with an annular step in sealing fit with the end of the mounting channel, the other end of the cylinder forms sealing fit with the end of the mounting cylinder through a locking nut 32110 and a sealing gasket 32111, so that an annular space 3212 with two sealed ends is formed between the cylinder 3211 and the inner side wall of the mounting channel 3210, each annular space 3212 is communicated with a second steam inlet 3213 on the heat conducting block, the second steam inlet 3213 is communicated with a steam outlet 3351, a fourth electromagnetic valve 3314 is provided between the second steam inlet and the steam outlet, micropores 32112 are uniformly provided on the cylinder 3211, in this arrangement, when the cleaning assembly 33 works in the heating cavity 335, the fourth electromagnetic valve is controlled to open by the control device 5, the high pressure steam enters into each annular space 3212 and then flows out of the micropores 32110, so that a high pressure steam layer is formed between the inner side wall of the cylinder and the inner side wall of the aluminum layer, the second steam inlet is pushed out, the adhesion layer is reduced, and the aluminum layer is pushed down in the cylinder is cleaned by the control of the electromagnetic valve, and the cleaning rod is further pushed down.

Example two

Further, referring to fig. 12, the invention also provides a method for recycling boron aluminum composite material, comprising the following steps: step one, putting materials into a smelting furnace; step two, heating through a melting furnace, increasing the pressure drop in the rigid heat conduction cavity along with the increase of the temperature in the melting furnace, driving the stirring rod group to switch from a second state to a first state, continuously heating through the melting furnace, stirring the internal materials through a stirring shaft, heating and melting the aluminum materials, and then guiding out the aluminum materials, wherein boron fibers are wound on the stirring rod group of the stirring shaft until all the materials are processed; and step four, waiting for the pressure in the rigid heat conduction cavity to be reduced, switching the stirring assembly from the first state to the second state, then separating the stirring shaft from the boron fiber, and taking the boron fiber out of the furnace.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is presented as a description of the principles of the technology being utilized. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the invention referred to in this application is not limited to the specific combinations of features described above, but it is intended to cover other embodiments in which any combination of features described above or equivalents thereof is possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. Such as the above-described features and technical features having similar functions (but not limited to) disclosed in the present application are replaced with each other.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a boron aluminum composite recycling equipment, includes smelting pot (1), its characterized in that: the stirring device (2) is arranged on the inner side wall of the top of the smelting furnace (1), a first limiting surface (216) facing the first guiding cylinder is arranged at intervals below the first guiding cylinder, the stirring device (2) comprises a stirring shaft (21), the stirring shaft (21) comprises a shaft body (210) in sliding guiding fit with the first guiding cylinder (10), a sleeve body (211) sleeved on the shaft body (210) in a sliding manner, a sliding rod (213) coaxial with the shaft body (210) and penetrating through the lower end part of the shaft body (210) in a guiding manner, a first limiting surface (216) facing the first guiding cylinder is arranged below the first guiding cylinder at intervals, a second limiting surface (2110) in limiting fit with the first limiting surface (216) is arranged on the sleeve body (211), a plurality of stirring rod assemblies (217) are further arranged between the sliding rod (213) and the sleeve body, and the stirring rod assemblies are provided with a first state facing the shaft body (210) and a second state facing the shaft body (210) in a radial direction, and a second state of the stirring rod assemblies can be driven in a reciprocating manner between the first state and the second state of the stirring rod assemblies in which the axial direction can be switched;

the lower end part of the shaft body (210) is coaxially provided with a guide blind hole (2101), the sliding rod (213) is arranged in the guide blind hole (2101) in a guiding way, and a return spring (2102) is arranged between the end part of the sliding rod and the bottom of the guide blind hole (2101); the stirring rod assembly (217) comprises a first gear (2170) rotatably arranged on the sleeve body (211), a first rod (2171) which is arranged in a synchronous rotation mode with the first gear, and a second rod (2173) which is hinged with the sliding rod (213), one end, away from the first gear, of the first rod is hinged with one end, away from the sliding rod, of the second rod, tooth grooves (2103) which are meshed with the first gear are formed in the peripheral surface of the shaft body (210), and the axis of the first gear, the axis of the second rod, the hinge shaft of the sliding rod (213) and the hinge shaft of the first rod and the hinge shaft of the second rod are all arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the shaft body;

the smelting furnace (1) comprises a columnar outer shell (11), an annular rotary table (12) is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell, a containing cavity (13) with an opening in the upper portion is arranged on the rotary table (12), a first guide cylinder (10) is rotationally connected with the outer shell (11), a stirring shaft (21) is non-rotationally connected with the outer shell (11), a second driving device (15) for driving the first guide cylinder to rotate around the axis of the first guide cylinder is arranged between the first guide cylinder and the outer shell, and a clamping unit (14) for clamping the inner side wall of the containing cavity (13) is arranged on the first guide cylinder (10).

2. The boron aluminum composite recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a first piston (2100) is slidably arranged in the first guide cylinder (10), the first piston is connected with the shaft body (210), the first guide cylinder (10) is communicated with a rigid heat conducting cavity (100), and the rigid heat conducting cavity (100) is filled with a thermal expansion flowing medium.

3. The boron aluminum composite recycling apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a reflow container (101), wherein the reflow container (101) comprises a piston chamber (1010), a second piston (1011) disposed in the piston chamber (1010), and a first compression spring (1012) disposed between the second piston and an end surface of the piston chamber (1010), the piston chamber (1010) is located at an end of the second piston (1011) away from the first compression spring (1012) and is communicated with the rigid heat conducting chamber (100), and a control valve (103) is disposed between the rigid heat conducting chamber (100) and the piston chamber.

4. A boron aluminum composite recycling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the clamping unit (14) comprises a plurality of clamping assemblies (140) arranged around the first guide cylinder, the clamping assemblies (140) comprise a second piston cylinder (1401) arranged along the radial direction of the first guide cylinder, a piston rod (1402) slidably arranged in the second piston cylinder (1401) and a clamping plate (1403) arranged at one end of the piston rod (1402) far away from the first guide cylinder, and one end of the second piston cylinder (1401) close to the first guide cylinder is communicated with the rigid heat conducting cavity (100).

5. The boron aluminum composite recycling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the rigid heat conducting cavity (100) is fixedly connected with the first guide cylinder, rigid rods (141) which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second piston cylinders (1401) are hinged on the outer peripheral surface of the second piston cylinders (1401), third piston cavities (142) which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the rigid rods (141) are arranged in the rigid heat conducting cavity, third pistons (143) are slidably arranged in the third piston cavities, third piston rods (144) are arranged on the lower surfaces of the third pistons, sliding sleeves (145) are sleeved on the rigid rods (141), the ends of the third piston rods (144) are hinged with the sliding sleeves (145), the third piston cavities (142) are arranged in parallel with the first guide cylinder, and the upper ends of the third piston cavities are located on one sides, far away from the rigid rods, of the third pistons are communicated with the inside of the rigid heat conducting cavities.

6. The boron aluminum composite recycling apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the outer housing (11) comprises a cylindrical body (110) and a cover body (111) covering the upper end of the body, the first guide cylinder is disposed on the cover body, and the cover body is further provided with a feed inlet (112) and an air filtering device (3).

7. A method for recycling a boron aluminum composite material, which is characterized by being carried out by using the boron aluminum composite material recycling equipment as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprising the following steps:

step one, putting materials into a smelting furnace;

step two, heating by a melting furnace, and driving the stirring rod group to switch from a second state to a first state along with the rising of the temperature inside the melting furnace and the rising of the pressure drop inside the rigid heat conduction cavity;

heating the melting furnace continuously, stirring the internal materials through a stirring shaft, heating and melting the aluminum materials, and then guiding out the aluminum materials, and winding boron fibers on a stirring rod group of the stirring shaft until all the materials are processed;

step four, waiting for the pressure in the rigid heat conduction cavity to be reduced, switching the stirring assembly from the first state to the second state, and then separating the stirring shaft from the boron fiber;

and fifthly, taking the boron fiber out of the furnace.

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