CN115405306A

CN115405306A - Construction method and construction device for underground structure

Info

Publication number: CN115405306A
Application number: CN202211039473.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 付增; 郭江龙; 李洋; 程鹏; 魏旭鹏; 李鹏; 余长益; 张东彦; 张奇隆; 任韶鹏
Original assignee: China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co Ltd CREG
Current assignee: China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co Ltd CREG
Priority date: 2022-08-29
Filing date: 2022-08-29
Publication date: 2022-11-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method and a construction device of an underground structure, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: construction of a working well: excavating a plurality of working wells around a proposed area of an underground structure; and (3) multi-tunnel construction: according to the outer contour of the underground structure, a plurality of tunnels penetrating through a proposed area are excavated among the plurality of working wells, and a plurality of tunnel supporting structures are constructed to support the plurality of tunnels; and (3) underground structure construction: and constructing an underground structure by utilizing the supports of the tunnel supporting structures, and dismantling the parts, positioned in the underground structure, of the tunnel supporting structures. The invention can avoid causing larger disturbance to the stratum and has smaller risk, further utilizes the support of a plurality of tunnel supporting structures to construct the underground structure, and then removes the parts of the tunnel supporting structures positioned in the underground structure, thereby providing safer operation environment for the construction of the underground structure by utilizing the tunnel supporting structures, improving the construction efficiency and reducing the construction risk level.

Description

Construction method and construction device for underground structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, in particular to a construction method and a construction device of an underground structure.

Background

At present, when underground structures such as underground buildings, underground stations and the like are constructed, large-area excavation construction cannot be carried out due to the limitation of construction sites, underground spaces, surrounding buildings, pipelines, roads and the like; in addition, with the acceleration of urbanization progress, the burial depth of a station is deeper and deeper, the structure of an underground building is more and more complex and various, and the conventional open cut method is difficult to have construction conditions; when large-section mechanical equipment is adopted for underground engineering construction, a large-section tunneling machine matched with an engineering section is used, the construction difficulty is high, the disturbance to the stratum is obvious, the equipment cost is high, the utilization rate is low, and the large-area popularization is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a construction method and a construction device of an underground structure, and aims to solve the technical problems that construction difficulty is high and disturbance on a stratum is obvious when large-section mechanical equipment is adopted for construction of the underground structure at present.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a construction method of an underground structure, which comprises the following steps: construction of a working well: excavating a plurality of working wells around the proposed area of the underground structure; and (3) multi-tunnel construction: according to the outer contour of the underground structure, a plurality of tunnels penetrating through the proposed area are excavated among the working wells, and a plurality of tunnel supporting structures are constructed to support the tunnels; and (3) underground structure construction: and constructing the underground structure by utilizing the support of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures, and dismantling the parts of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures, which are positioned in the underground structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the underground structure is an underground station, and the multi-tunnel construction includes: construction of a main tunnel: the two working wells are oppositely arranged in the length direction of the proposed area, two main tunnels are formed between the two working wells by excavation along the length direction of the proposed area, and two main tunnel supporting structures are constructed to support the two main tunnels; and (3) auxiliary tunnel construction: and excavating along the length direction of the proposed area between the two working wells to form a plurality of auxiliary tunnels, constructing a plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures to support the auxiliary tunnels, and arranging the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures between the two main tunnels along the outer contour of the underground structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary tunnel construction step includes: when the tunneling equipment excavates the auxiliary tunnel, the main tunnel is supported through the synchronous movement of the tunnel supporting trolley and the tunneling equipment in the main tunnel.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the underground structure construction step includes: and (3) constructing an outer contour structure: building a permanent support structure of the underground structure by utilizing the support of the tunnel support structures, wherein the permanent support structure is matched with a part of the tunnel support structures to form an outer contour structure of the underground structure; and (3) internal structure construction: and establishing an internal structure of the underground structure in the outer contour structure, and dismantling the parts of the tunnel supporting structures, which are positioned in the outer contour structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the outer contour structure building step includes: constructing a tunnel over a plurality of the tunnel supporting structures according to the shape of the permanent support structure; passing the permanent support structure through the channel and connecting with a plurality of the tunnel bracing structures, thereby forming the outer profile structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the permanent support structure is formed by a plurality of tunnel supporting structures, and the plurality of tunnel supporting structures are reinforced by grouting before constructing a passage on the plurality of tunnel supporting structures according to the shape of the permanent support structure.

In an embodiment of the invention, the outer contour structure comprises a top supporting structure, the top supporting structure comprises a top plate and two top longitudinal beams, a tensile steel strand is arranged inside the top plate, and two ends of the tensile steel strand are connected with the two top longitudinal beams; after the outer contour structure building step and before the inner structure building step, the method further includes: building a temporary support structure in the outer contour structure to support the outer contour structure; after the step of building the internal structure, the method further comprises the following steps: and removing the temporary support structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the working well constructing step includes: constructing a vertical shaft working well: excavating around a proposed area of the underground structure along the depth direction of the proposed area to form a plurality of vertical shaft working wells; construction of a tunnel working well: and excavating along the section direction of the proposed area in the plurality of vertical shaft working wells to form a plurality of tunnel working wells.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the underground structure is an underground station, and the multi-tunnel construction includes: construction of a main tunnel: the two working wells are oppositely arranged in the length direction of the proposed area, two main tunnels are excavated between the two working wells along the length direction of the proposed area, and two main tunnel supporting structures are constructed to support the two main tunnels; construction of a large-section tunnel: and excavating along the length direction of the planned area in the two working wells to form a large-section tunnel, constructing a large-section tunnel supporting structure to support the large-section tunnel, wherein two sides of the large-section tunnel coincide with the two main tunnels, and one part of the large-section tunnel supporting structure and one part of the two main tunnel supporting structures are matched to form the outer contour structure of the underground structure.

The present invention also provides a construction apparatus of an underground structure, comprising: the tunneling equipment is used for excavating a plurality of working wells around a proposed area of the underground structure and excavating among the working wells according to the outline shape of the underground structure to form a plurality of tunnels penetrating through the proposed area; the tunnel supporting structure comprises a permanent supporting part and a temporary supporting part, wherein the permanent supporting part is used for forming at least one part of an outer contour structure of the underground structure, and the temporary supporting part is used for dismantling after the outer contour structure is built.

In an embodiment of the invention, the permanent supporting part of the tunnel supporting structure comprises fixed pipe pieces, a plurality of fixed pipe pieces of the tunnel supporting structure are arranged along the outer contour of the underground structure, and the permanent supporting structure of the underground structure is connected with the fixed pipe pieces of the tunnel supporting structure to form the outer contour structure of the underground structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the underground structure is an underground station, the plurality of tunnels penetrate through the planned area along a length direction of the planned area, the plurality of tunnels includes two main tunnels and a plurality of auxiliary tunnels, the plurality of auxiliary tunnels are arranged between the two main tunnels according to an outer contour of the underground structure, the tunnel supporting structure includes two main tunnel supporting structures and a plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures, the main tunnel supporting structures are used for supporting the main tunnels, and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures are used for supporting the auxiliary tunnels.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the construction apparatus further includes a tunnel support trolley for supporting the main tunnel by moving in synchronization with the excavation device in the main tunnel when the excavation device excavates the auxiliary tunnel.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures are provided with removable back plates, the back plates on the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures are removed to form a channel, and the permanent supporting structure is inserted into the channel and connected to the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures and the two main tunnel supporting structures.

In an embodiment of the invention, the construction apparatus further comprises a temporary support structure built in the outer contour structure, the temporary support structure being configured to support the outer contour structure when building an inner structure of the underground structure.

In an embodiment of the invention, the underground structure is an underground station, a plurality of tunnels penetrate through the planned area along the length direction of the planned area, the plurality of tunnels comprise two main tunnels and a large-section tunnel, the large-section tunnel is positioned between the two main tunnels, the tunnel supporting structure comprises two main tunnel supporting structures and a large-section tunnel supporting structure, the main tunnel supporting structures are used for supporting the main tunnels, the large-section tunnel supporting structure is used for supporting the large-section tunnel, the main tunnel supporting structures and the large-section tunnel supporting structure both comprise fixed pipe pieces and detachable pipe pieces, the detachable pipe pieces of the two main tunnel supporting structures are detached or broken when the large-section tunnel is excavated, the detachable pipe pieces of the large-section tunnel supporting structure are detached after the construction of the outer contour structure is completed, and the fixed pipe pieces of the main tunnel supporting structure and the fixed pipe pieces of the large-section tunnel supporting structure are matched to form the outer contour structure of the underground structure.

The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:

according to the construction method and the construction device of the underground structure, the plurality of tunnels penetrating through the planned construction area are excavated and formed among the plurality of working wells according to the outline of the underground structure, the plurality of tunnel supporting structures are constructed to support the tunnels, so that large disturbance to the stratum can be avoided, the risk is low, the underground structure is constructed by utilizing the support of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures, and the parts, positioned in the underground structure, on the plurality of tunnel supporting structures are dismantled, so that a safer operation environment can be provided for the construction of the underground structure by utilizing the plurality of tunnel supporting structures, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction risk level is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of an underground structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the working well of the present invention in construction.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the main tunnel in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main tunnel of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the auxiliary tunnel in preparation for construction in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the auxiliary tunnel in preparation for construction in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the auxiliary tunnel in preparation for construction according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the present invention in which two auxiliary tunnels are constructed.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of two of the auxiliary tunnels according to the present invention after the construction thereof is completed.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of two additional auxiliary tunnels according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of two additional auxiliary tunnels according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the present invention after the construction of the upper row of the plurality of auxiliary tunnels is completed.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the present invention after the construction of all the auxiliary tunnels is completed.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel grouting reinforcement area in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the outer profile structure of the present invention as it is constructed.

Fig. 16 is a sectional view of the outer contour structure of the present invention after completion of construction.

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the temporary support structure of the present invention when constructed.

Fig. 18 is an overall sectional view of the underground structure after the construction of the internal structure is completed in the present invention.

Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of the completed outer profile structure of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the outer shell structure of the present invention after completion of construction.

Fig. 21 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the proposed areas of the inter-zone tunnels, the working wells, and the underground station according to the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view after tunnel construction according to another embodiment of the present invention is completed.

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of a primary tunnel supporting structure in the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary tunnel supporting structure in the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a schematic view of the construction of the permanent support structure on the auxiliary supporting structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 26 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary tunnel supporting structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural view illustrating the construction of a permanent support structure on an auxiliary tunnel supporting structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 28 is a schematic structural view of the tunnel supporting trolley of the present invention.

Fig. 29 is a schematic structural view of a telescopic support structure of the tunnel support trolley according to the present invention.

Fig. 30 is a schematic structural view of the wheel switching posture of the tunnel supporting trolley in the invention.

In the figure:

11. tunneling equipment for a tunnel working well; 111. a tunneling equipment shell of the tunnel working well; 12. a main tunnel boring device; 13. auxiliary tunneling equipment; 13', auxiliary tunneling equipment;

2. a tunnel supporting structure; 21. a primary tunnel support structure; 211. fixing the duct piece; 212. the duct piece can be disassembled; 22. a secondary tunnel support structure; 22', an auxiliary tunnel support structure; 221. fixing the duct piece; 221' and fixing a duct piece; 222. an outer tube sheet; 222', an outer tube sheet; 223. an inner segment; 224. a back plate; 225. an Cakuai; 23. a large-section tunnel supporting structure; 231. fixing the duct piece; 232. the duct piece can be disassembled; 24. a channel; 24', a channel; 25. a tunnel grouting reinforcement area;

3. a working well supporting structure; 31. a shaft working well supporting structure; 311. a surrounding structure; 312. water-stopping cast-in-situ bored piles; 313. an inner support structure; 32. a tunnel working well supporting structure; 321. a working well segment; 33. a working well grouting reinforcement area; 34. a pipe jacking machine rear seat wall; 35. an equipment support structure;

4. an underground structure; 41. an outer contour structure; 411. a permanent support structure; 412. a top support structure; 4121. a top plate; 4122. a top stringer; 4123. tensile steel strand wires; 4124. roof reinforcing steel bars; 4125. top plate concrete; 4126. top longitudinal beam steel bars; 4127. prefabricating a structural plate; 413. a bottom support structure; 4131. a base plate; 4132. a bottom stringer; 4133. a bottom plate steel bar; 4134. bottom plate concrete; 42. an internal structure; 421. a cross beam; 422. a column; 423. an inner wall; 424. a station;

5. a temporary support structure; 51. a temporary support column;

6. a tunnel support trolley; 6', a tunnel supporting trolley; 61. a frame; 611. a support beam; 6111. an inner layer steel beam; 6112. an outer layer steel beam; 6113. a profile steel framework; 612. an end plate; 62. a telescoping support structure; 62', a bottom telescoping support structure; 621. a first telescoping member; 6211. a telescopic rod; 6212. a telescopic end; 6213. a fixed end; 622. a boot supporting plate; 63. a telescopic limit structure; 631. a second telescoping member; 64. a wheel; 65. a wheel support structure; 651. a wheel support frame; 652. a third telescoping member; 653. a rotating shaft; 66. a connecting structure; 67. a control mechanism;

7. a hydraulic support device;

100. a region is proposed; 200. an inter-zone tunnel; 300. a tunnel; 301. a primary tunnel; 302. an auxiliary tunnel; 302', an auxiliary tunnel; 303. a large cross-section tunnel; 400. a working well; 401. a vertical shaft working well; 402. a tunnel working well; 402', a tunnel working well; 500. and (4) the ground.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Implementation mode one

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 8, 13, 16 and 18, the present invention provides a method for constructing an underground structure, comprising the steps of:

s1, construction of a working well: a plurality of work wells 400 are excavated around the proposed area 100 of the underground structure 4.

The proposed area 100 is larger than the arrangement area of the underground structure 4 to be built in the underground space, that is, the length, width and height of the proposed area 100 are larger than those of the underground structure 4. A plurality of working wells 400 are excavated around the planned area 100, thereby providing transportation paths, assembly spaces, etc. for equipment and personnel in the subsequent tunnel construction step S2. A working well supporting structure 3 is also constructed in the working well 400. In this embodiment, two working wells 400 are located at both ends of the planned area 100 in the length direction Y.

S2, multi-tunnel construction: according to the outer contour of the underground structure 4, a plurality of tunnels 300 penetrating through the proposed area 100 are excavated and formed among the plurality of working wells 400, and a plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 are constructed to support the plurality of tunnels 300.

The tunnel 300 may be in any horizontal direction as required, and the direction of the tunnel through the proposed area 100 may be selected as required. As shown in fig. 21, in the present embodiment, the underground structure 4 is an underground station, and a main tunnel 301 communicating with the inter-zone tunnel 200 needs to be constructed, so that the longitudinal direction Y of the planned area 100 is selected as a direction in which the tunnel 300 penetrates the planned area 100, that is, an extending direction of the main tunnel 301, and a plurality of tunnels 300 are formed between two working wells 400 along the longitudinal direction Y of the planned area 100. When the underground structure is other underground buildings, two working wells can be selectively excavated at the two ends of the proposed area in the width direction, so that a plurality of tunnels are excavated along the width direction of the proposed area; two working wells can be dug at two ends of the diagonal direction of the proposed area.

S3, underground structure construction: an underground structure 4 is constructed using the support of the plurality of tunnel support structures 2, and the portions of the plurality of tunnel support structures 2 located within the underground structure 4 are removed.

The part of the tunnel supporting structures 2 located in the underground structure 4 can be removed partially or completely before the underground structure 4 is built according to the stability of the underground operation environment and whether the construction space of the underground structure 4 is limited, the part or all of the part can be removed when the underground structure 4 is built, and the part or all of the part can be removed after the underground structure 4 is built without specific limitation.

According to the construction method of the underground structure 4, the plurality of tunnels 300 penetrating through the planned area 100 are formed by excavating among the plurality of working wells 400 according to the outer contour of the underground structure 4, the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 are constructed to support the tunnels 300, large disturbance to the stratum can be avoided, the risk is low, the underground structure 4 is built by utilizing the support of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2, and the parts of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 located in the underground structure 4 are dismantled, so that a safer operation environment can be provided for the construction of the underground structure 4 by utilizing the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction risk level is reduced.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, the working well constructing step S1 includes:

s11, constructing a vertical shaft working well: a plurality of vertical shaft working wells 401 are excavated around the proposed area 100 of the underground structure 4 in the depth direction Z of the proposed area 100.

According to the plane arrangement position of the underground structure 4 to be constructed, a proper position is selected around the planned area 100, and the vertical shaft working well 401 is formed by adopting an open cut method to cut downwards from the ground 500 to the depth position of the planned area 100 from the position corresponding to the ground 500. In this embodiment, after the tunneling equipment 11 has excavated the tunnel working well 402, the tunneling equipment casing 111 of the tunnel working well is left in the ground layer as a permanent supporting structure, so that only suitable positions are selected at the sides of the two ends of the planned area 100 to respectively excavate a vertical shaft working well 401, and the two vertical shaft working wells 401 are both starting working wells for the tunneling equipment 11 to excavate the tunnel working well 402, and a vertical shaft working well serving as a receiving working well does not need to be arranged at the other end of the tunnel working well 402 to disassemble and hoist the tunneling equipment 11, thereby reducing the project cost and further reducing the floor area of the construction area on the ground 500. The size of the shaft work well 401 needs to satisfy the installation condition of the heading equipment in the subsequent tunnel work well construction step S12 and the tunnel construction step S2. A shaft working well supporting structure 31 is built in the shaft working well 401, the shaft working well supporting structure 31 comprises a surrounding structure 311, water-stop bored piles 312 are distributed on the surrounding structure 311, and the surrounding structure 311 is supported by an inner supporting structure 313 made of concrete.

S12, construction of a tunnel working well: a plurality of tunnel working wells 402 are excavated in the plurality of shaft working wells 401 in the cross-sectional direction of the proposed area 100.

Wherein, a full-face excavation method, a step excavation method, an annular excavation reserved core soil method, a middle partition wall method, a crossed middle partition wall method, a mechanical method or other subsurface excavation methods are adopted to carry out expanding excavation from the vertical shaft working well 401 to form a tunnel working well 402, and a tunnel working well supporting structure 32 is constructed. In this embodiment, the tunnel working well supporting structure 32 includes a working well pipe piece 321, and the working well pipe piece 321 is a concrete pipe piece capable of being cut, so that in the multi-tunnel construction step S2, the tunneling equipment can cut the tunnel working well supporting structure 32 for receiving and starting. Alternatively, when using a method such as bench excavation, full face excavation, etc., the tunnel working well supporting structure is a two-lining supporting structure, etc. The excavation of the tunnel working shaft 402 in the shaft working shaft 401 can reduce the floor area of the construction area on the ground 500. The cross-sectional direction of the proposed area 100 is a direction perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the extending direction of the plurality of tunnels 300. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the cross-sectional direction of the proposed region 100 is the width direction X of the proposed region 100. The dimension of the tunnel working well 402 extending in the width direction X of the proposed area 100 is slightly larger than the width dimension of the proposed area 100. As shown in fig. 6, the tunnel working well 402 also extends in the depth direction Z to a dimension slightly greater than the height dimension of the proposed area 100. The width of the work tunnel 402, i.e., the dimension of the work tunnel 402 in the Y direction, is required to satisfy the installation condition of the heading equipment of each tunnel 300 in the subsequent multi-tunnel construction step S2.

As shown in fig. 18 and 21, in the present embodiment, the underground structure 4 is an underground station, and the multi-tunnel construction step S2 includes:

as shown in fig. 3 and 4, step S21, main tunnel construction: two main tunnels 301 are excavated between the two working wells 400 along the length direction Y of the proposed area 100, and two main tunnel supporting structures 21 are constructed to support the two main tunnels 301. By excavating the two main tunnels 301 first, a leading tunnel is provided for subsequent construction.

The primary tunnel supporting structure 21 includes a plurality of tube segments spliced along the extending direction of the primary tunnel 301, and each tube segment is enclosed by a fixed segment 211 and a detachable segment 212, as shown in fig. 13. The fixed pipe piece 211 is a concrete pipe piece, and the detachable pipe piece 212 is a steel pipe piece.

As shown in fig. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, step S22, assist tunnel construction: a plurality of auxiliary tunnels 302 are formed between the two working wells 400 by excavation along the length direction Y of the proposed area 100, a plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22' are constructed to support the plurality of auxiliary tunnels 302 and auxiliary tunnels 302', and the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22' are arranged between the two main tunnels 301 along the outer contour of the underground structure 4.

The auxiliary tunnel 302 is a small-section tunnel, and the size of the auxiliary tunnel 302 is smaller than that of the main tunnel 301, so that the auxiliary tunnel 302 is constructed after the main tunnel 301 with a larger size is constructed when the ground is most stable. The arrangement of the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22' is not particularly limited, and the arrangement areas of the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22' may cover the area where the outer contour of the underground structure 4 is located, for example, the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22' are arranged side by side in this embodiment, or may be arranged in a staggered manner or in other arrangements. The sectional shapes of the auxiliary tunnel 302 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 are not particularly limited, and as shown in fig. 13, the sectional shapes of the auxiliary tunnel 302 and the auxiliary tunnel 302 'and the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22' of the present embodiment are rectangular; as shown in fig. 19, the auxiliary tunnels 302 and 302 'and the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supports 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supports 22' of the other embodiment have a trapezoidal sectional shape; but also circular, polygonal or other shapes. The number and size of the auxiliary tunnels 302 are not particularly limited, and as shown in fig. 13, the number of the auxiliary tunnels 302 and the auxiliary tunnels 302' of the present embodiment is six; as shown in fig. 19, the auxiliary tunnel 302 and the auxiliary tunnel 302' of another embodiment are eight in number. As shown in fig. 20, the auxiliary tunnel 302 and the auxiliary tunnel 302' of yet another embodiment are ten in number.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, 13 and 24, the auxiliary tunnel supporting structure 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structure 22 'include a plurality of tube segments spliced along the axial direction thereof, the tube segments of the auxiliary tunnel supporting structure 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structure 22' include an outer tube piece 222, two fixed tube pieces 221 and an inner tube piece 223, and both ends of the outer tube piece 222 are connected to both ends of the inner tube piece 223 through the two fixed tube pieces 221. As shown in connection with fig. 17, outer tube sheet 222 is positioned outside the outer contour of subterranean formation 4 without removal. As shown in fig. 25, two fixed pipe pieces 221 are connected to the underground structure 4 when the underground structure 4 is constructed, and become a part of the finally formed underground structure 4. The inner tube pieces 223 are located inside the outer contour of the underground structure 4 and can therefore be removed before the underground structure 4 is erected and/or during the erection of the underground structure 4 and/or after the erection of the underground structure 4. In this embodiment, the inner tube piece 223 and the outer tube piece 222 are both concrete tube pieces, and the fixed tube piece 221 is a steel tube piece. As shown in fig. 13, a plurality of auxiliary tunnel supports 22 are arranged in an upper area between two main tunnel supports 21 and a plurality of auxiliary tunnel supports 22' are arranged in a lower area between two main tunnel supports 21 according to the outer contour of the underground station.

In addition, the main tunnelling apparatus 12 which excavates the main tunnel 301 and the auxiliary tunnelling apparatus 13 which excavates the auxiliary tunnel 302 are received and commissioned in one working tunnel 402, and are then started from the working tunnel 402 and excavated into the other working tunnel 402. As shown in fig. 10, the main tunnel 301 and the plurality of auxiliary tunnels 302 can be excavated in the same direction using the same working tunnel 402 as an originating working well, and as shown in fig. 11, the auxiliary tunneling equipment 13 and the auxiliary tunneling equipment 13 'can also be excavated simultaneously in opposite directions using the working tunnel 402 and the working tunnel 402' as receiving working wells to form two auxiliary tunnels 302. As shown in figure 6, before the plurality of auxiliary tunnels 302 are excavated, the auxiliary tunnelling equipment 13 is supported and adjusted to the position of excavation of the auxiliary tunnels 302 by means of the equipment support structure 35 provided in the shaft 402. In this embodiment, the main tunneling device 12 is a shield machine, and the auxiliary tunneling device 13 is a pipe jacking machine. One side of the tunnel working well 402 close to the interval tunnel 200 and one side close to the planned area 100 are both provided with a working well grouting reinforcement area 33, and an equipment support structure 35 is provided with a pipe jacking machine rear seat wall 34 for supporting a pipe jacking machine.

As shown in fig. 5, 6, 7, and 8, the auxiliary tunnel construction step S22 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: when the auxiliary tunnelling apparatus 13 excavates the auxiliary tunnel 302 and the auxiliary tunnel 302', the main tunnel 301 is supported by the tunnel support trolley 6 moving in synchronism with the auxiliary tunnelling apparatus 13 within the main tunnel 301. The tunnel supporting trolley 6 supports the main tunnel 301 when the auxiliary tunnel 302 'and the auxiliary tunnel 302 are excavated, so that the main tunnel 301 is prevented from being converged and deformed due to excavation of the auxiliary tunnel 302' and the auxiliary tunnel 302. In the subsequent underground structure building step S3, the main tunnel 301 may be supported by the tunnel support cart 6. In addition, in order to prevent the instability of the tunnel 200 due to the reaction force during the push bench construction, the tunnel support carriage 6' supports the region of the tunnel 200 near the tunnel entrance.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 28 and 29, the tunnel support trolley 6 and the tunnel support trolley 6' include: at least one frame 61, a plurality of wheels 64 are arranged at the bottom of the frame 61; the telescopic support structures 62 are arranged around the frame 61 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the main tunnel 301 and the regional tunnel 200, each telescopic support structure 62 comprises a plurality of first telescopic pieces 621 and at least one shoe supporting plate 622, each first telescopic piece 621 is provided with a telescopic end 6212 and a fixed end 6213 which are arranged oppositely, the fixed ends 6213 of the first telescopic pieces 621 are connected with the frame 61, and the telescopic ends 6212 of the first telescopic pieces 621 are connected with the at least one shoe supporting plate 622; the at least one telescopic limiting structure 63 is hinged to the telescopic ends 6212 of the plurality of first telescopic members 621, and the telescopic limiting structure 63 can adjust the telescopic supporting angle of the telescopic ends 6212 of the plurality of first telescopic members 621 through telescopic adjustment. The first telescopic member 621 comprises at least one telescopic rod 6211, the telescopic end 6212 of the first telescopic member 621 is provided with a cylinder body and/or the fixed end 6213 of the first telescopic member 621 is provided with a cylinder body, the telescopic rod 6211 is in sliding fit with the cylinder body, the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 6211 are realized by controlling the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder body, and the supporting force provided by the first telescopic member 621 is controlled. The telescopic limiting structure 63 comprises a second telescopic part 631, and the telescopic principle of the second telescopic part 631 is the same as that of the first telescopic part 621, and is not described again here.

According to the tunnel supporting trolley adopted by the invention, the telescopic limiting structure 63 is hinged with the telescopic ends 6212 of the plurality of first telescopic pieces 621, so that the supporting direction of the telescopic ends 6212 of the plurality of first telescopic pieces 621 is adjusted through the telescopic adjustment of the telescopic limiting structure 63, the telescopic ends 6212 are ensured to drive the shoe supporting plate 622 to support the main tunnel 301 and the interval tunnel 200 along the radial direction of the main tunnel 301 and the interval tunnel 200, the stress state of the telescopic supporting structure 62 is optimal at the moment, and the situation that the telescopic ends 6212 of the plurality of first telescopic pieces 621 deflect due to uneven stress of the shoe supporting plate 622 when the shoe supporting plate 622 supports the main tunnel 301 and the interval tunnel 200 can be avoided, so that the overall stability of the tunnel supporting trolley can be ensured.

As shown in fig. 29 and 30, two wheels 64 are mounted on the bottom of the frame 61, the wheels 64 are connected with the frame 61 through a wheel support structure 65, and the wheel support structure 65 is rotatably arranged around an axis which is parallel to the axial direction Y of the main tunnel 301 and the interval tunnel 200; in the moving state of the tunnel supporting trolley 6, the wheel supporting structure 65 can drive the wheels 64 to rotate around the axis, so as to adjust the supporting angles of the wheels 64 in the main tunnel 301 and the inter-zone tunnel 200. The supporting angles of the wheels 64 in the main tunnel 301 and the inter-zone tunnel 200 are adjusted by the wheel supporting structures 65, so that the tunnel supporting trolley 6 and the tunnel supporting trolley 6' can be more stable and smoother in the main tunnel 301 and the inter-zone tunnel 200.

As shown in fig. 30, a telescoping support structure 62 is a bottom telescoping support structure 62', the bottom telescoping support structure 62' being located between two wheels 64; in the supporting state of the tunnel supporting trolley, the two wheel supporting structures 65 can drive the two wheels 64 to rotate towards the sides far away from each other, so that the bottom telescopic supporting structure 62' extends downwards to support the bottoms of the main tunnel 301 and the sectional tunnel 200. By rotating the two wheels 64 to the side away from each other, the bottom telescopic support structure 62' is prevented from interfering with the wheels 64 when extending downward and failing to support the bottoms of the main tunnel 301 and the inter-zone tunnel 200.

As shown in fig. 30, the wheel supporting structure 65 includes a wheel supporting frame 651, the top end of the wheel supporting frame 651 is hinged to the bottom of the frame 61 through a rotating shaft 653, the rotating shaft 653 is disposed along the axis, and the wheel 64 is mounted at the bottom end of the wheel supporting frame 651. The wheel supporting structure 65 includes a third telescopic member 652, one end of the third telescopic member 652 is hinged to the bottom of the frame 61, the other end of the third telescopic member 652 is hinged to the wheel supporting frame 651, and the third telescopic member 652 can drive the wheel supporting frame 651 to rotate around the rotating shaft 653 through extension and retraction.

As shown in fig. 28, the tunnel supporting trolley further includes a control mechanism 67, the control mechanism 67 is installed on the frame 61, the control mechanism 67 can adjust the supporting force provided by the plurality of telescopic supporting structures 62 according to the stress state fed back by the plurality of telescopic supporting structures 62, and can also control the extension and retraction of the telescopic limiting structure 63 and the swing of the wheel supporting structure 65, so as to control the telescopic limiting structure 63 to extend and retract to adjust the supporting direction of the telescopic ends of the plurality of first telescopic pieces 621, and control the angle of the wheel supporting structure 65 driving the wheel 64 to rotate around the axis. Specifically, the control mechanism 67 controls the pressure output by the hydraulic pump to be transmitted to the first expansion piece 621 in the expansion and contraction support structure 62, the second expansion piece 631 in the expansion and contraction limiting structure 63, and the third expansion piece 652 in the wheel support structure 65, and the expansion and contraction support structure 62, the expansion and contraction limiting structure 63, and the wheel support structure 65 convert the hydraulic pressure energy into mechanical energy to complete the expansion, support, and swing actions, and control the pressure, the jacking force, the extension amount, the pitch angle, the azimuth angle, the rolling angle, and other data of the first expansion piece 621, the second expansion piece 631, and the third expansion piece 652.

As shown in fig. 28, the vehicle frame 61 includes a plurality of support beams 611, the plurality of support beams 611 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the main tunnel 301 and the sectional tunnel 200 and enclose a frame structure, and a plurality of telescopic support structures 62 are mounted on the plurality of support beams 611 in a one-to-one correspondence. Specifically, the support beams 611 enclose a polygonal frame structure. The support beam 611 has end plates 612 at both ends thereof, and the end plates 612 of the two support beams 611 are connected by a plurality of bolts, thereby connecting the two support beams 611. The supporting beam 611 includes an inner layer steel beam 6111 and an outer layer steel beam 6112 which are arranged in parallel at intervals, the inner layer steel beam 6111 is connected with the outer layer steel beam 6112 through at least one section steel framework 6113, and the section steel framework 6113 is generally in an i-shaped steel structure.

As shown in fig. 7 and 28, the tunnel supporting trolley 6 and the tunnel supporting trolley 6' include a plurality of vehicle frames 61, and the plurality of vehicle frames 61 are arranged along the axial direction of the main tunnel 301 and the inter-zone tunnel 200 and are connected by a plurality of connection structures 66. By providing a plurality of frames 61, the main tunnel 301 and the sectional tunnel 200 are simultaneously supported by the telescopic support structures 62 on the plurality of frames 61, and the support action regions of the tunnel support carriages 6 and 6' are increased.

As shown in fig. 14, 15, 16 and 25, before constructing the tunnels 24 on the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 according to the shape of the permanent support structure 411, further includes: step S23, grouting reinforcement: and grouting and reinforcing the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2. The tunnel grouting reinforcement area 25 is formed by grouting reinforcement among the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2, so that the functions of seepage prevention and water shutoff are achieved.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the underground structure construction step S3 includes:

as shown in fig. 16 and 18, step S31, the outer frame structure 41 is constructed: a permanent support structure 411 of the underground structure 4 is established on the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2, the permanent support structure 411 forming an outer contour structure 41 of the underground structure 4 in cooperation with a part of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2. The construction space of the permanent support structure 411 is provided by the plurality of tunnels 300, and the outer contour structure 41 of the underground structure 4 is formed by a part of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 cooperating with the permanent support structure 411, thereby improving the construction efficiency and the support strength of the outer contour structure 41.

The outer contour structure 41 of the underground structure 4 refers to an outer supporting structure of the underground structure 4 for bearing external load, including but not limited to a bottom longitudinal beam 4132, a top longitudinal beam 4122, a top plate 4121, and a bottom plate 4131. The permanent support structure 411 is constructed at a suitable position of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 according to the outer contour of the underground structure 4 so that the permanent support structure 411 can be matched with a portion of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 to form the outer contour of the underground structure 4.

In this embodiment, the fixed tube segments 211 on the two primary tunnel supporting structures 21 and the fixed tube segments 211 on the plurality of secondary tunnel supporting structures 22 and 22' are connected with the permanent support structure 411 so as to cooperate to form the outer contour structure 41 of the underground structure 4. The permanent support structure 411 includes a top support structure 412 and a bottom support structure 413, the top support structure 412 being established on the upper row of the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and connected with the tops of the two primary tunnel supporting structures 21, and the bottom support structure 413 being established on the lower row of the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22' and connected with the bottoms of the two primary tunnel supporting structures 21.

As shown in fig. 15, 16, and 26, the outer contour structure building step S31 includes: constructing passages 24 on the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 according to the shape of the permanent support structure 411; the permanent support structure 411 is passed through the passage 24 and connected with the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2, thereby forming the outer contour structure 41. By constructing the tunnel 24, the construction of the permanent support structure 411 can be performed in a plurality of tunnels 300, and the permanent support structure 411 can also be supported better with the tunnel supporting structure 2.

Specifically, the top support structure 412 includes a top plate 4121, a top longitudinal beam 4122, and tensile steel strands 4123. The bottom support structure 413 includes a bottom plate 4131 and bottom stringers 4132. The top plate 4121 is connected at both ends to the two top longitudinal beams 4122, and the bottom plate 4131 is connected at both ends to the two bottom longitudinal beams 4132.

As shown in fig. 15 and 25, a removable back plate 224 is provided on the fixing segments 221 of the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22'. The passages 24 for penetrating the top plate 4121 and the tensile steel strands 4123 are formed by removing the back plates 224 of the upper row of the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22. A passage for the construction floor 4131 is formed by removing the back plates 224 of the lower row of the plurality and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22'. By removing the back plate 224 to form the channel 24, the disturbance to the ground is less and the construction efficiency is high compared with the way of forming the channel 24 by punching or cutting.

As shown in fig. 16 and 23, for the passage 24 on the primary tunnel supporting structure 21, the passage 24 of the top longitudinal beam 4122 is formed by cutting away a part of the top end of the detachable segment 212 at the junction of the top end of the detachable segment 212 and the top end of the fixed segment 211; the channel 24 for the bottom stringer 4132 is created by cutting away a portion of the bottom end of the removable segment 212 at the junction of the bottom end of the removable segment 212 and the bottom end of the fixed segment 211.

As shown in fig. 15, 16, 18, and 25, in the present embodiment, the top plate 4121, the top side member 4122, the bottom plate 4131, and the bottom side member 4132 are cast in place of concrete. Specifically, the top plate 4121 and the bottom plate 4131 are manufactured by binding top plate reinforcing bars 4124 and bottom plate reinforcing bars 4133 to the fixed segments 221 of the auxiliary tunnel supporting structure 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structure 22', and building a formwork, and then pouring top plate concrete 4125 and bottom plate concrete 4134; top longitudinal beam steel bars 4126 are implanted into the top ends of the fixed pipe pieces 211 of the main tunnel supporting structure 21, tensile steel stranded wires 4123 penetrate through the channels 24 of the upper row of the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22' to be connected with the top longitudinal beam steel bars 4126, then a template is built, concrete is poured, and the top longitudinal beam 4122 is manufactured; the bottom longitudinal beam 4132 is constructed in the same manner as the top longitudinal beam 4122, and will not be described in detail.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 26 and 27, the secondary tunnel support structure 22 includes a connecting enclosed outer tube sheet 222 'and a fixed tube sheet 221'. The auxiliary tunnel supporting structure 22 is provided with An Cakuai on the fixing segment 221', the auxiliary tunnel 302 is supported by arranging the hydraulic supporting device 7 in the auxiliary tunnel 302, then the connecting bolts between the mounting and dismounting blocks 225 and the fixing segment 221' are removed, the mounting and dismounting blocks 225 are removed, the channel 24' is formed, finally, the prefabricated structural plate 4127 is pushed, and therefore the top plate 4121 is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated structural plates 4127. The base plate 4131 may also be constructed in the same manner and will not be described in detail.

As shown in fig. 17, the embodiment of the present invention further includes, after the outer structure building step S31 and before the inner structure building step S33: step S32, building a temporary support structure: a temporary support structure 5 is built within the outer profile structure 41. By providing the temporary support structure 5, the overall rigidity of the outer contour structure 41 is improved, and a safer construction space is provided for the construction of the inner structure 42 in cooperation with the outer contour structure 41.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 16, the outer contour structure 41 is constructed by using the tunnel support carriage 6 to maintain the stable state of the main tunnel 301, and unloading the plurality of carriages 61 of the tunnel support carriage 6 in sequence and transporting them out of the main tunnel 301 when the temporary support structure 5 is constructed. As shown in fig. 17, the temporary support structure 5 includes a plurality of temporary support columns 51.

As shown in fig. 17 and 18, step S33, internal structure construction: an inner structure 42 of the underground structure 4 is established within the outer profile structure 41 and the parts of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 located within the outer profile structure 41 are removed. Through a plurality of tunnel supporting structure 2 of outline structure 41 cooperation for the construction of the inner structure 42 of underground structure 4 provides safer construction space, and then is favorable to improving inner structure 42's efficiency of construction to reduce construction risk level. The internal structure 42 of the underground structure 4 includes internal supporting structures inside the underground structure 4, such as columns 422, beams 421, inner walls 423, and the like, for supporting the outer contour structure 41, and may further include other structures disposed inside the underground structure 4, such as a platform 424.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 17, under the supporting action of the outer contour structure 41 and the temporary supporting structure 5, the inner soil of the outer contour structure 41 is excavated sequentially from top to bottom by using a mechanical method or other feasible excavation methods in the prior art, and the inner structures 42 such as the inner wall 423, the platform 424 and the upright 422 in the underground station are built under the protection of the outer contour structure 41, so as to complete the construction of the underground station.

As shown in fig. 17 and 18, in the present embodiment, after the step S33 of building the inner structure 42, the temporary support structure 5 is removed. In the present embodiment, the top longitudinal beam 4122 is lifted by the tensile steel strand 4123, so that the stability of the top supporting structure 412 is still satisfactory after the temporary supporting structure 5 is removed.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 22, two working wells are dug at both ends of the proposed area 100 by open cut method. Specifically, the depth dimension of the working well extending along the width direction Z of the proposed area 100 is greater than the depth dimension from the ground 500 to the bottom of the proposed area 100, the dimension of the working well extending along the width direction X of the proposed area 100 is slightly greater than the width dimension of the proposed area 100, and the dimension of the working well extending along the length direction of the proposed area 100 should meet the installation condition of the tunneling equipment in the subsequent tunnel construction step.

The underground structure is an underground station, and the multi-tunnel construction steps comprise: construction of a main tunnel: two main tunnels 301 are excavated from the working well along the length direction of the proposed area 100, and two main tunnel supporting structures 21 are constructed to support the two main tunnels 301; construction of a large-section tunnel: between the two main tunnels 301, a large-section tunnel 303 is formed by excavating from the working well along the length direction of the planned area 100, a large-section tunnel supporting structure 23 is constructed to support the large-section tunnel 303, and one part of the large-section tunnel supporting structure 23 is matched with one part of the two main tunnel supporting structures 21 to form an outer contour structure of an underground structure.

Specifically, the main tunnel construction steps are the same as those in the above embodiment, and are not described herein again. After the construction of the main tunnels 301 is completed, soil bodies are back filled in the two main tunnels 301 to construct a stable underground environment, then a large-scale section tunneling machine is hoisted into a working well to excavate the large-section tunnel 303, detachable segments 212 of the main tunnel supporting structure 21 are directly cut and broken during excavation, and then detachable segments 232 in the large-section tunnel supporting structure 23 are detached and residual soil bodies in the main tunnels 301 are removed. Big section tunnel supporting construction 23 includes a plurality of tube couplings of the extending direction concatenation along big section tunnel 303, and the tube coupling includes that two are fixed section of jurisdiction 231 and two can dismantle section of jurisdiction 232, and two fixed section of jurisdiction 231's both ends are connected through two can dismantle section of jurisdiction 232, and two fixed section of jurisdiction 231 are laid along the outline of underground structure to directly constitute a part of underground structure 4's outline structure. Two detachable pipe pieces 232 positioned in the outer contour structure 41 can be detached after the construction of the internal structure of the underground structure is completed, and a safe construction space can be provided for the construction of the internal structure of the underground structure. In addition, after the construction of the internal structure is completed, a top longitudinal beam and a bottom longitudinal beam can be constructed between the fixed segment 231 of the large-section tunnel support structure 23 and the fixed segment 211 in the main tunnel 301 in the same manner, so that the fixed segment 231 of the large-section tunnel support structure 23 and the fixed segment 211 of the main tunnel 301 are connected into a whole.

Second embodiment

As shown in fig. 2, 3, 8, 10, 16 and 18, the present invention also provides a construction apparatus for an underground structure 4, including: at least one excavating device for excavating a plurality of working wells 400 around the proposed area 100 of the underground structure 4 and excavating a plurality of tunnels 300 penetrating the proposed area 100 from the working wells 400 according to the outer contour shape of the underground structure 4; a plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 for supporting the plurality of tunnels 300, the tunnel supporting structures 2 including permanent supporting portions for constituting at least a part of the outer contour structure 41 of the underground structure 4 and temporary supporting portions for dismantling after the construction of the outer contour structure 41 is completed. The working principle and the beneficial effects of the construction device of the invention are the same as those of the construction method of the first embodiment, and are not described again here. In addition, each structure described in this embodiment is the same as the structure described in the first embodiment, and is not described again here.

As shown in fig. 18, 23 and 24, in the embodiment of the present invention, the permanent supporting portions of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 include the fixed tube piece 231, the fixed tube piece 221 and the fixed tube piece 211, the fixed tube pieces 231, the fixed tube pieces 221 and the fixed tube pieces 211 of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 are arranged along the outer contour of the underground structure 4, and the permanent supporting structure 411 of the underground structure 4 is connected with the fixed tube pieces 231, the fixed tube pieces 221 and the fixed tube pieces 211 of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures 2 to form the outer contour structure 41 of the underground structure 4. The temporary support portion of the tunnel support structure 2 is then the portion located within the outer contour structure 41.

As shown in fig. 3, 8, 10 and 16, in the embodiment of the present invention, the underground structure 4 is an underground station, the plurality of tunnels 300 includes two main tunnels 301, a plurality of auxiliary tunnels 302' and a plurality of auxiliary tunnels 302, the plurality of auxiliary tunnels 302' and the plurality of auxiliary tunnels 302 are arranged between the two main tunnels 301 according to the outer contour of the underground structure 4, the tunnel support structure 2 includes two main tunnel support structures 21, and a plurality of auxiliary tunnel support structures 22 and auxiliary tunnel support structures 22', the main tunnel support structure 21 is used for supporting the main tunnel 301, the auxiliary tunnel support structure 22 is used for supporting the auxiliary tunnels 302, and the auxiliary tunnel support structure 22' is used for supporting the auxiliary tunnels 302 '.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the construction apparatus further includes a tunnel support trolley 6, and the tunnel support trolley 6 is used for supporting the main tunnel supporting structure 21 by moving synchronously with the auxiliary tunneling equipment 13 in the main tunnel 301 when the tunneling equipment excavates the auxiliary tunnel 302.

As shown in fig. 25, in the embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and 22' are provided with removable back plates 224, the back plates 224 of the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and 22' are removed to form the passage 24, and the permanent support structures 411 are inserted into the passage 24 and connected with the fixed segments 221 of the plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures 22 and 22' and the fixed segments 221 of the two main tunnel supporting structures 21.

As shown in fig. 17, in the embodiment of the present invention, the construction apparatus further includes a temporary support structure 5, the temporary support structure 5 is installed in the outer contour structure 41, and the temporary support structure 5 is used for supporting the outer contour structure 41 when the inner structure 42 of the underground structure 4 is constructed.

As shown in fig. 22, in another embodiment, the underground structure is an underground station, the tunnels 300 include two main tunnels 301 and a large-section tunnel 303, the large-section tunnel 303 is located between the two main tunnels 301, the tunnel supporting structure 2 includes two main tunnel supporting structures 21 and a large-section tunnel supporting structure 23, the main tunnel supporting structure 21 is used for supporting the main tunnel 301, the large-section tunnel supporting structure 23 is used for supporting the large-section tunnel 303, the main tunnel supporting structure 21 includes a fixed segment 211 and a detachable segment 212, the large-section tunnel supporting structure 23 includes a fixed segment 231 and a detachable segment 232, the detachable segment 212 of the two main tunnel supporting structures 21 is detached or broken when the large-section tunnel 303 is excavated, the detachable segment 232 of the large-section tunnel supporting structure 23 is detached after the construction of the outer contour structure 41 is completed, and the fixed segment 211 of the main tunnel supporting structure 21 and the fixed segment 231 of the large-section tunnel supporting structure 23 cooperate to form the outer contour structure 41 of the underground structure.

The above description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method of an underground structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

construction of a working well: excavating a plurality of working wells around the proposed area of the underground structure;

and (3) multi-tunnel construction: according to the outer contour of the underground structure, a plurality of tunnels penetrating through the proposed area are excavated among the working wells, and a plurality of tunnel supporting structures are constructed to support the tunnels;

underground structure construction: and constructing the underground structure by utilizing the support of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures, and dismantling the parts of the plurality of tunnel supporting structures, which are positioned in the underground structure.

2. A construction method of an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the underground structure is an underground station, and the multi-tunnel construction comprises:

construction of a main tunnel: the two working wells are oppositely arranged in the length direction of the proposed area, two main tunnels are formed between the two working wells by excavation along the length direction of the proposed area, and two main tunnel supporting structures are constructed to support the two main tunnels;

and (3) auxiliary tunnel construction: and excavating along the length direction of the proposed area between the two working wells to form a plurality of auxiliary tunnels, constructing a plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting structures to support the auxiliary tunnels, and arranging the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures between the two main tunnels along the outer contour of the underground structure.

3. A construction method of an underground structure according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary tunnel construction step includes:

when the tunneling equipment excavates the auxiliary tunnel, the main tunnel is supported through the synchronous movement of the tunnel supporting trolley and the tunneling equipment in the main tunnel.

4. A construction method of an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the underground structure construction step comprises:

and (3) constructing an outer contour structure: utilizing the support of a plurality of tunnel supporting structures to establish a permanent supporting structure of the underground structure, wherein the permanent supporting structure is matched with a part of the tunnel supporting structures to form an outer contour structure of the underground structure;

and (3) internal structure construction: and building an internal structure of the underground structure in the outer contour structure, and dismantling parts of the tunnel supporting structures, which are positioned in the outer contour structure.

5. A method of constructing a subterranean structure according to claim 4, wherein the outer contour structure constructing step comprises:

constructing a tunnel over a plurality of the tunnel supporting structures according to the shape of the permanent support structure;

passing the permanent support structure through the channel and connecting with a plurality of the tunnel bracing structures, thereby forming the outer profile structure.

6. The construction method of an underground structure according to claim 4, wherein the outer contour structure comprises a top support structure, the top support structure comprises a top plate and two top longitudinal beams, a tensile steel strand is arranged inside the top plate, and two ends of the tensile steel strand are connected with the two top longitudinal beams;

before the outer contour structure construction step, still include:

grouting and reinforcing among the tunnel supporting structures;

after the outer contour structure building step and before the inner structure building step, the method further includes:

building a temporary support structure in the outer contour structure to support the outer contour structure;

after the step of constructing the internal structure, the method further comprises the following steps:

and removing the temporary support structure.

7. A method of constructing a subterranean structure according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the working well constructing step comprises:

and (3) construction of a vertical shaft working well: excavating around the proposed area along the depth direction of the proposed area to form a plurality of vertical shaft working wells;

construction of a tunnel working well: and excavating along the section direction of the proposed area in the plurality of vertical shaft working wells to form a plurality of tunnel working wells.

8. A construction apparatus for an underground structure, comprising:

the tunneling equipment is used for excavating a plurality of working wells around a proposed area of the underground structure and excavating among the working wells according to the outline shape of the underground structure to form a plurality of tunnels penetrating through the proposed area;

the tunnel supporting structure comprises a permanent supporting part and a temporary supporting part, wherein the permanent supporting part is used for forming at least one part of an outer contour structure of the underground structure, and the temporary supporting part is used for dismantling after the outer contour structure is built.

9. An underground structure working apparatus according to claim 8,

the permanent supporting part of the tunnel supporting structure comprises fixed pipe pieces, a plurality of the fixed pipe pieces of the tunnel supporting structure are arranged along the outer contour of the underground structure, and the permanent supporting structure of the underground structure is connected with the fixed pipe pieces of the tunnel supporting structure to form the outer contour structure of the underground structure.

10. Construction apparatus of underground structure according to claim 8 or 9,

the underground structure is the underground station, and is a plurality of the tunnel is followed the length direction who plans and builds the region runs through plan build the region, and is a plurality of the tunnel includes two main tunnels and a plurality of auxiliary tunnel, and is a plurality of auxiliary tunnel according the outline of underground structure is arranged two between the main tunnel, and is a plurality of tunnel supporting construction includes two main tunnel supporting construction and a plurality of auxiliary tunnel supporting construction, main tunnel supporting construction is used for right main tunnel struts, auxiliary tunnel supporting construction is used for right auxiliary tunnel struts.

11. An underground structure working apparatus as claimed in claim 10,

the construction device further comprises a tunnel supporting trolley, and the tunnel supporting trolley is used for synchronously moving with the tunneling equipment in the main tunnel to support the main tunnel when the tunneling equipment excavates the auxiliary tunnel.

12. An underground structure working apparatus according to claim 11,

the auxiliary tunnel supporting structure is provided with a detachable back plate, the back plates on the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures are detached to form a channel, and the permanent supporting structure is arranged in the channel in a penetrating mode and is connected with the auxiliary tunnel supporting structures and the two main tunnel supporting structures.