CN115405258A - Gas extraction multipoint plugging and sealing equipment and intelligent dynamic plugging method - Google Patents
Gas extraction multipoint plugging and sealing equipment and intelligent dynamic plugging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115405258A CN115405258A CN202210941927.XA CN202210941927A CN115405258A CN 115405258 A CN115405258 A CN 115405258A CN 202210941927 A CN202210941927 A CN 202210941927A CN 115405258 A CN115405258 A CN 115405258A
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
- E21B33/146—Stage cementing, i.e. discharging cement from casing at different levels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/122—Multiple string packers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
- E21B33/16—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes using plugs for isolating cement charge; Plugs therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gas extraction multipoint plugging and sealing device and an intelligent dynamic plugging method, wherein the device comprises a plurality of serially connected hole sealers, grouting pressure regulators, high-pressure grouting pumps, bag grouting holes and slurry outlet holes; the bag grouting channels of two adjacent hole packers are communicated through a middle slurry guide pipe, the rear end of the bag grouting channel of the hole packer positioned at the rearmost end is connected with a bag grouting pipe, the rear ends of the N leakage-stopping grouting channels are connected to a grouting pressure regulator through N connecting pipes, and the N connecting pipes are connected to slurry outlets of the N leakage-stopping sections through N parallel leakage-stopping grouting channels. The gas leakage plugging device can timely and effectively process the gas leakage condition of a plurality of gas leakage points in the drill hole, meets the requirement of continuously plugging the drill hole along with the extraction movement, and has high success rate of plugging operation, low comprehensive plugging cost of the gas extraction drill hole and low gas extraction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage and hole sealing equipment and an intelligent dynamic leaking stoppage method, and belongs to the technical field of coal bed gas extraction equipment.
Background
At present, when coal bed gas extraction operation such as gas is carried out, hole sealing methods such as two-plugging one-injecting, polyurethane and cement mortar are mostly adopted no matter a cross-layer drill hole or a bedding drill hole is adopted, the hole sealing methods are low in cost, but the hole sealing treatment cannot be carried out on a drill hole surrounding rock fracture after hole sealing, and further the extraction gas leakage cannot be treated; with the progress of the technology, the technology of 'plugging integrated' hole sealing and 'secondary hole sealing' is applied to the treatment of the gas leakage of the drill hole, but the gas leakage of one drill hole can be treated only, and the gas leakage of the gas extraction drill hole can be continuously generated with the continuous extraction; therefore, students and experts adopt non-setting materials to dynamically grout the drill holes, the air leakage of the drill holes can be blocked for a long time, but the development degrees of surrounding rock cracks of the drill holes are different, and the success of dynamic plugging of each drill hole cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the efficiency and the safety of the coal bed gas extraction operation are seriously influenced, meanwhile, the effective service life of the drilled hole is easily shortened, and the cost of the coal bed gas extraction operation is increased.
In view of this, development of a gas extraction surrounding rock fracture multi-point detection and multi-point intelligent plugging device and an intelligent multi-point dynamic plugging method is urgently needed, so that the quality and the success rate of gas leakage fracture plugging in the coal seam gas extraction process are improved, the service life of each extraction drill hole is increased, and the gas extraction concentration is improved for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage and hole sealing equipment and an intelligent dynamic leaking stoppage method.
The invention provides gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage and hole sealing equipment, which comprises a plurality of serially connected hole sealers for being embedded into a drill hole, a grouting pressure regulator connected with the hole sealer positioned at the rearmost end and a high-pressure grouting pump connected with the grouting pressure regulator, wherein each hole sealer comprises a porous pipe and at least two grouting bags circumferentially fixed on the outer wall of the porous pipe; after the plurality of hole packers are combined, a leaking stoppage section is formed between two adjacent grouting bags, each porous pipe comprises a gas extraction channel, a bag grouting channel and N leaking stoppage grouting channels with the same quantity as the leaking stoppage section, a plurality of bag grouting holes for communicating the bag grouting channels with the grouting bags are formed in the pipe wall of the porous pipe covered by the grouting bags, the bag grouting channels of the two adjacent hole packers are communicated through a middle slurry guide pipe, a slurry outlet communicated with one leaking stoppage grouting channel is formed in the porous pipe corresponding to each leaking stoppage section, the rear end of the bag grouting channel of the hole packer positioned at the rearmost end is connected with the bag grouting pipe, the rear ends of the N leaking stoppage grouting channels are connected to a slurry injection pressure regulator through N connecting pipes, and the N connecting pipes are connected to the slurry outlets of the N leaking stoppage sections through N parallel plugging grouting channels.
Specifically, N leaking stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer positioned at the rearmost end are respectively communicated with slurry outlets of N leaking stoppage sections on the hole packer, the front ends of the remaining N-N leaking stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer positioned at the rearmost end are respectively communicated with the N-N leaking stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer adjacent to the front end through N-N middle slurry guide pipes, at least one leaking stoppage grouting channel of the N-N leaking stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer is communicated with the slurry outlet of at least one leaking stoppage section of the hole packer, and the front ends of the remaining grouting channels of the N-N leaking stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer are communicated with the leaking stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer adjacent to the front end of the hole packer through the middle slurry guide pipes; the hole packer at the secondary front end is provided with a leaking stoppage grouting channel, and the front end of only one leaking stoppage grouting channel is connected with a slurry outlet hole of a leaking stoppage section of the hole packer at the foremost end through a middle slurry guide pipe.
Furthermore, the grouting bag is of a tubular structure, two ends of the tubular structure are fixed on the perforated pipe, the outer layer of the grouting bag is a permeable bearing layer, the inner layer of the grouting bag is a water-proof lining layer, the length of the water-proof lining layer is 80-95% of that of the permeable bearing layer, a closed bag cavity is formed between the water-proof lining layer and the outer wall of the perforated pipe, the closed bag cavity is communicated with the grouting hole of the bag, the outer part of the permeable bearing layer is wrapped with a wear-resistant protective layer, and the distance between two ends of the wear-resistant protective layer and two ends of the permeable bearing layer is not less than 5 cm.
Furthermore, the ends of the porous pipes of the two adjacent hole packers are connected through a straight-through way, only the gas extraction channels in the porous pipes are communicated, and the bag grouting channels and the plurality of plugging grouting channels at the connecting parts are plugged.
Furthermore, the slip casting pressure regulator includes the multi-ported pipe, and a port of multi-ported pipe links to each other with the high-pressure grouting pump export, and the other ports of multi-ported pipe are connected to the N leaking stoppage slip casting passageway that is located the hole packer of rearmost end through N connecting pipes, every be equipped with electromagnetic pressure valve and flow meter on the connecting pipe respectively, electromagnetic pressure valve and flow meter are connected to the PLC controller, and the electromagnetic pressure valve is used for giving the PLC controller with the thick liquid pressure transmission of corresponding connecting pipe, and the flow meter is used for detecting the slip casting volume and sends PLC controller for, and the PLC controller sends the instruction to the electromagnetic pressure valve and has controlled opening or closing of electromagnetic pressure valve.
Furthermore, check valves are arranged in the front ends of the bag grouting pipe and the connecting pipe.
Further, a one-way valve is arranged in the grouting hole of the bag.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide an intelligent dynamic leaking stoppage method for gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage hole sealing equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating equipment: assembling gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage and hole sealing equipment according to the number, the aperture and the depth of drill holes to be plugged, setting the maximum working pressure of a grouting pressure regulator, then embedding the assembled hole sealers into corresponding drill holes, connecting the rear ends of bag grouting channels of the rearmost hole sealer to bag grouting pipes, respectively connecting the rear ends of a plurality of leaking stoppage and grouting channels to the grouting pressure regulator through connecting pipes, and connecting the grouting pressure regulator to an outlet of a high-pressure grouting pump;
s2, grouting and hole sealing: grouting and pressurizing a grouting bag of each hole packer through a bag grouting pipe to realize that the grouting bag blocks a drilled hole, the grouting pressure in the grouting bag is kept above 0.5 MPa, and then the pressure is maintained until the slurry in the grouting bag is solidified, so that a grouting space of a plugging section is formed at the position of a drilled hole between two adjacent grouting bags;
s3, plugging operation: preparing organic non-setting slurry or high-molecular non-setting chemical slurry and pouring the slurry into a high-pressure grouting pump, starting the high-pressure grouting pump and a grouting pressure regulator to operate, pressurizing the slurry to more than 2 MPa by the high-pressure grouting pump, sequentially injecting the slurry into grouting spaces of all plugging sections through connecting pipes, recording grouting amount-grouting pressure data, drawing a corresponding curve, and automatically judging the damage condition of surrounding rocks of all plugging sections according to the curve, wherein the specific classification standard is as follows:
the I-type leaking stoppage section has complete hole walls: the pressure is 0 after the grouting is started, the pressure rises along with the start of the grouting pressure, the pressure rises rapidly along with the continuous working pressure of the grouting pump, however, the flow meter does not rise basically, the hole wall is judged to be complete, and the drilling surrounding rock of the leaking stoppage section has no cracks;
the hole wall of the II-type leaking stoppage section has cracks: the pressure is 0 after the grouting is started, the pressure is quickly increased along with the start of the grouting pressure, the pressure is slowly increased or basically kept stable along with the continuous working pressure of a grouting pump, and the pressure is basically unchanged (maintained at P0) or is not reduced to zero after the grouting is stopped; as grouting continues, the grouting pressure rises at a very low rate or is maintained substantially at P0;
the damage of the hole wall of the III-type leaking stoppage section is serious: in the grouting process, the pressure may be 0 or only slightly increased, but the pressure is attenuated to 0 after the grouting is stopped, pressure-maintaining grouting cannot be performed, and the risk of slurry leakage exists;
s4, circulating plugging operation: for the class III plugging section, injecting gel into the plugging section grouting space, injecting the gel into the plugging space at one time, and then, not dynamically plugging the plugging section; and for the type I and type II plugging sections, removing the grouting pressure of each plugging section at intervals of 1-7 days for each plugging section, circularly detecting and re-obtaining the relation between the grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods, re-judging the integrity and the grouting property of surrounding rocks of the hole wall of the plugging section according to the curve of S3, and repeating the plugging operation according to the execution strategy of S3.
Further, the relation function between the grouting pressure P and the grouting amount V in different grouting periods in S3 and S4 is:
for class I plugging segments: the relation P = b x a between grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods (V-V0) -c satisfies an exponential functional relationship; and Pt = Pz;
wherein a, b and c are undetermined coefficients, V0 represents the volume of the slurry filled in the grouting space of the plugging section, and V0 is also an undetermined coefficient; pt represents the pressure at the time t after the grouting is stopped, and Pz represents the final pressure in the grouting process; t is the time after grouting stops and is >60 minutes;
for type II plugging sections: relation P = b x (V-V0) between grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods a C satisfies a power function relationship, and Pt = P0, t (time after stopping grouting)>60. The method comprises the following steps of (1) taking minutes; wherein a, b and c are undetermined coefficients, V0 represents the volume of the slurry filled in the plugging space (the slurry starts to be boosted after the plugging space is filled), and V0 is also an undetermined coefficient; pt represents the pressure at the time t after the grouting stops, and P0 represents the stable pressure in the grouting process;
for type III plugging segments: pt =0,pt represents the pressure at time t after the stop of the grouting, t being the time after the stop of the grouting and <20 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the system has high integration degree and modularization degree, can meet the requirements of gas extraction operation under various geological structures, has the advantages of simple drilling hole plugging operation and low operation cost and labor intensity, can effectively process the gas leakage condition of a plurality of gas leakage points in the drilling hole in time, meets the requirement of continuous plugging operation on the drilling hole along with extraction activity, has high plugging operation efficiency and low plugging cost, can accurately detect the dynamic development condition of surrounding rock cracks around the drilling hole, accurately evaluates the injectibility of a grouting section of the drilling hole, further realizes the intelligent formulation of multi-point grouting and grouting strategies, and further improves the precision of the drilling hole plugging operation.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective structural view of the hole packer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional partial structure of a porous tube located within a grouting sack;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a construction of a grouting bladder;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a grouting pressure regulator;
FIG. 6 is a plot of grouting volume versus grouting pressure data.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the implementation of the technical means, creation features, achievement of the purpose and the efficacy of the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present embodiment illustrates a gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage and sealing device, which includes two serially connected hole sealers 1 for being inserted into a borehole 100, a grouting pressure regulator 2 connected to the hole sealer 1 located at the rearmost end, and a high-pressure grouting pump 3 connected to the grouting pressure regulator 2, wherein a plurality of extraction holes 115 are formed at the front end of the hole sealer 1 located at the frontmost end, as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment exemplarily shows that the hole sealer 1 includes a porous pipe 101, two grouting bags 102 circumferentially fixed on the outer wall of the porous pipe 101, after the plurality of hole sealers are assembled, a leaking stoppage section 5 is formed between two adjacent grouting bags 102, in the present embodiment, three leaking stoppage sections 5 are provided, each porous pipe 101 includes a gas extraction passage 1011, a bag grouting passage 1012 and three leaking stoppage grouting passages 1013, a plurality of grouting holes 1014 for communicating the grouting passages 1012 and the grouting bags 102 are formed on the wall of the porous pipe 101 covered by the grouting bag 102, and a plurality of grouting holes 1014 for communicating the grouting passages 1012 and the grouting bags 102 are provided in the grouting bags 1014, in order to prevent backflow of slurry in the grouting bags 102, a one-way valve 103 is provided in the grouting bag so as to prevent the grouting bag from entering the grouting bag 1014; a slurry outlet 104 communicated with one leaking stoppage grouting channel 1013 is formed in the porous pipe 101 corresponding to each leaking stoppage section 5, bag grouting channels 1012 of two adjacent hole packers 1 are communicated through a middle slurry guide pipe 11, as shown in fig. 1, the bag grouting channel 1012 at the foremost end of the hole packer 1 at the rear end is connected with the bag grouting channel 1012 at the rearmost end of the hole packer 1 at the front end through a first middle slurry guide pipe 8; the rear end of a bag grouting channel 1012 of a rearmost hole packer 1 is connected with a bag grouting pipe 9, the rear ends of three plugging grouting channels 1013 are respectively connected to a grouting pressure regulator 2 through a connecting pipe 10, in order to prevent slurry from flowing back after grouting, second one-way valves 6 are respectively arranged in the front ends of the bag grouting pipe 9 and the connecting pipe 10, the three connecting pipes are connected to slurry outlets of three plugging sections 5 through three parallel plugging grouting channels, specifically, a first plugging grouting channel 1013 in the hole packer 1 at the rear end is communicated with the slurry outlet 104 on the first plugging section 5, a second plugging grouting channel 1013 is communicated with the slurry outlet 104 on the second plugging section 5, and a third plugging grouting channel 1013 is communicated with the plugging grouting channel 1013 communicated with the slurry outlet 104 on the third plugging section 5 through an intermediate slurry guide pipe 11; because the grouting liquid in the grouting bag 102 and the plugging section 5 is different, grouting is independently performed on the bag grouting channel 1012 through the bag grouting pipe 9 to perform grouting pressurization on the grouting bag 102, so that the grouting bag performs multi-point plugging on a drill hole; then grouting is carried out to the plugging section 5 in sequence, and multi-point plugging can be further carried out on the drilled hole, and the purpose of hole sealing is finally achieved.
It should be noted that the ends of the porous pipes 101 of two adjacent hole packers 1 are connected through a through 4, and only the gas extraction channels 1011 in the porous pipes 101 are communicated, and the bag grouting channels 1012 and the plurality of plugging grouting channels 1013 at the connection are plugged, that is, the through 4 is not over-aerated and is not over-grouted.
As shown in fig. 4, a structure of the grouting bag 102 is exemplarily shown, but not limited to the structure of this embodiment, the grouting bag 102 is a tubular structure, the grouting bag 102 can be fixed with the porous pipe 101 by bundling, steel ring fixing, bonding, etc., the grouting bag 102 has an outer layer of a water-permeable bearing layer 1021 and an inner layer of a water-barrier lining layer 1022, the water-barrier lining layer 1022 has a length 80-95% of the length of the water-permeable bearing layer 1021, i.e., two ends of the water-barrier lining layer 1022 are spaced from the water-permeable bearing layer 1021, a closed bag cavity (for grouting in the closed bag cavity) is formed between the water-barrier lining layer 1022 and the water-permeable bearing layer 1021 and the outer wall of the porous pipe 101, the closed bag cavity is communicated with the grouting hole 1014 of the bag, the water-permeable bearing layer 1021 is externally coated with an abrasion-resistant protective layer, and two ends of the abrasion-resistant protective layer 1023 are spaced from two ends of the water-permeable bearing layer 1021 by no less than 5 cm. The permeable bearing layer 1021 is made of permeable fabric such as jean, canvas, and thread cloth, the water-proof lining layer can be made of plastic cloth and rubber, and the wear-resistant protective layer can be made of latex sleeve and rubber sleeve. Through the water-proof lining layer 1022 of the above arrangement, can be after accomplishing the slip casting operation to the slip casting bag, make the moisture content in the thick liquid because the separation of water-proof lining layer 1022, only can be discharged from slip casting bag 102 both sides position promptly by the both ends that water-proof lining layer 1022 blockked, thereby improve the uniformity of the tissue distribution direction when the thick liquid solidifies in slip casting bag 102, realize simultaneously that the thick liquid solidifies from the centre to both ends position along the slip casting bag axis gradually, when satisfying the solidification, effectively eliminate the easy production crackle when the thick liquid solidifies, the influence that factors such as bubble and shrinkage caused, improve the quality of slip casting bag to the drilling shutoff.
As shown in fig. 3, the porous pipe 101 is a cylindrical tubular structure, the porous pipe 101 can be formed by metal extrusion and plastic extrusion, the bag-shaped grouting channel 1012 and the plugging grouting channel 1013 are axially distributed in the pipe wall of the porous pipe 101, and the outer wall of the front end of the porous pipe 101 of the foremost hole packer 1 is provided with a plurality of extraction holes 115 communicated with the gas extraction channel 1011, so as to facilitate gas extraction.
As shown in fig. 5, the grouting pressure regulator 2 includes a multi-way pipe 201, one port of the multi-way pipe 201 is connected to an outlet of the high-pressure grouting pump 3, the other ports of the multi-way pipe 201 are respectively connected to corresponding leaking stoppage grouting channels 1013 through connecting pipes 10, each connecting pipe 10 is respectively provided with an electromagnetic pressure valve 7 and a flow meter 8, the electromagnetic pressure valve 7 and the flow meter 8 are connected to a PLC controller 202, the electromagnetic pressure valve 7 is used for transmitting the slurry pressure of the corresponding connecting pipe 10 to the PLC controller 202, the flow meter 8 is used for detecting the grouting amount and transmitting the grouting amount to the PLC controller 202, and the PLC controller 202 sends an instruction to the electromagnetic pressure valve 7 to control the opening or closing of the electromagnetic valve 7; the three connecting pipes 10 are respectively connected with mutually independent slurry outlets of the grouting pressure regulator 2, so that the plugging slurry grouting pressure can be independently adjusted. The PLC controller 202 is a circuit system based on a programmable controller.
The intelligent dynamic leaking stoppage method for the gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage and sealing equipment can be implemented by using the gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage and sealing equipment of the embodiment, and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, prefabricating equipment: assembling gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage and hole sealing equipment according to the number, the aperture and the depth of drill holes to be plugged, simultaneously setting the maximum working pressure of a grouting pressure regulator, then embedding the assembled hole packer into the corresponding drill holes, connecting the rear end of a bag grouting channel of the hole packer at the rearmost end to a bag grouting pipe, respectively connecting the rear ends of a plurality of leaking stoppage and grouting channels to the grouting pressure regulator through connecting pipes, and connecting the grouting pressure regulator to the outlet of a high-pressure grouting pump;
s2, grouting and hole sealing: grouting and pressurizing the grouting bag of each hole packer through a bag grouting pipe to realize that the grouting bag blocks the drilled hole, the grouting pressure in the grouting bag is kept above 0.5 MPa, and then the pressure is maintained until the grout in the grouting bag is solidified, so that a grouting space of a plugging section is formed at the position of the drilled hole between two adjacent grouting bags;
s3, plugging operation: preparing organic non-setting slurry or high-molecular non-setting chemical slurry and pouring the slurry into a high-pressure grouting pump, starting the high-pressure grouting pump and a grouting pressure regulator, pressurizing the slurry to be more than 2 MPa by the high-pressure grouting pump, sequentially pouring the slurry into grouting spaces of all plugging sections through connecting pipes, recording grouting amount-grouting pressure data, drawing a corresponding curve by a PLC (programmable logic controller) 202 as shown in figure 6, and automatically judging the damage condition of surrounding rocks of all plugging sections according to the curve for classification, wherein the specific classification standard is as follows:
the pore wall of the I-type leaking stoppage section is complete: after grouting begins, the pressure (which is collected by the electromagnetic pressure valve 7 and transmitted to the PLC 202) is 0, the pressure rises with the beginning of grouting pressure, the pressure rises rapidly with the continuous working pressure of a grouting pump, however, the flow meter does not rise basically, and at the moment, the hole wall is judged to be complete, and the drill hole surrounding rock of the leaking stoppage section has no cracks;
the wall of the hole of the II-type leaking stoppage section has cracks: the pressure is 0 after the grouting is started, the pressure is slowly increased or basically kept stable along with the quick increase of the injection pressure of the slurry and the continuous working pressure of a grouting pump, and the pressure is basically unchanged (maintained at P0) or is not reduced to zero after the grouting is stopped; as grouting continues, the grouting pressure rises at a very low rate or is maintained substantially at P0;
the damage of the hole wall of the III-type leaking stoppage section is serious: in the grouting process, the pressure may be 0 or only slightly increased, but the pressure is attenuated to 0 after the grouting is stopped, the pressure-maintaining grouting cannot be performed, and the risk of slurry leakage exists;
for type I drilling: the relation P = b x a between grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods (V-V0) -c satisfies an exponential functional relationship; and Pt = Pz;
wherein a, b and c are undetermined coefficients, V0 represents the volume of the slurry filled in the grouting space of the plugging section, and V0 is also an undetermined coefficient; pt represents the pressure at the time t after the grouting is stopped, and Pz represents the final pressure in the grouting process; t is the time after grouting stops and >60 minutes;
for type II drilling: relation P = b x (V-V0) between grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods a C satisfies a power function relationship, and Pt = P0, t (time after stopping of grouting)>60. The method comprises the following steps of (1) taking minutes; wherein a, b and c are undetermined coefficients, V0 represents the volume of the slurry filled in the plugging space (starting boosting after filling), and V0 is also an undetermined coefficient; pt represents the pressure at the time t after the grouting stops, and P0 represents the stable pressure in the grouting process;
for type III drilling: pt =0,pt denotes the pressure at time t after the stop of the grouting, t being the time after the stop of the grouting and <20 minutes.
S4, circulating plugging operation: for the III-type leaking stoppage section, injecting gel into the grouting space of the leaking stoppage section, injecting the gel into the leaking stoppage space at one time, and then, not dynamically leaking stoppage of the leaking stoppage section; for the I-type and II-type leaking stoppage sections, grouting pressure of each leaking stoppage section is unloaded at intervals of 1-7 days for each leaking stoppage section, the relation between the grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods is detected in a circulating mode and obtained again, integrity and groutability of surrounding rocks of the hole wall of the leaking stoppage section are judged again according to the curve of S3, and leaking stoppage operation is carried out repeatedly according to the execution strategy of S3.
The system has high integration degree and modularization degree, can meet the requirements of gas extraction operation under various geological structures, has the advantages of simple borehole plugging operation and low operation cost and labor intensity, can effectively process the gas leakage condition of a plurality of gas leakage points in the borehole in time, meets the requirement of continuous plugging operation on the borehole along with extraction activity, has high plugging operation efficiency and low plugging cost, can accurately detect the dynamic development condition of surrounding rock cracks around the borehole, accurately evaluates the groutability of a borehole grouting section, further realizes the intelligent formulation of multi-point grouting and grouting strategies, and further improves the precision of borehole plugging operation.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a gas drainage multiple spot leaking stoppage hole sealing equipment, is including the hole packer that is used for imbedding a plurality of series connection in the drilling, the slip casting pressure regulator that links to each other with the hole packer that is located the rearmost end to and the high-pressure grouting pump that links to each other with the slip casting pressure regulator, its characterized in that: the hole packer comprises a porous pipe and at least two grouting bags circumferentially fixed on the outer wall of the porous pipe; after the plurality of hole packers are combined, a leaking stoppage section is formed between two adjacent grouting bags, each porous pipe comprises a gas extraction channel, a bag grouting channel and N leaking stoppage grouting channels with the same quantity as the leaking stoppage section, a plurality of bag grouting holes for communicating the bag grouting channels with the grouting bags are formed in the pipe wall of the porous pipe covered by the grouting bags, the bag grouting channels of the two adjacent hole packers are communicated through a middle slurry guide pipe, a slurry outlet communicated with one leaking stoppage grouting channel is formed in the porous pipe corresponding to each leaking stoppage section, the rear end of the bag grouting channel of the hole packer positioned at the rearmost end is connected with the bag grouting pipe, the rear ends of the N leaking stoppage grouting channels are connected to a slurry injection pressure regulator through N connecting pipes, and the N connecting pipes are connected to the slurry outlets of the N leaking stoppage sections through N parallel plugging grouting channels.
2. The gas extraction multipoint plugging and hole sealing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the N leakage stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer positioned at the rearmost end are respectively communicated with the slurry outlet holes of the N leakage stoppage sections on the hole packer, the front ends of the remaining N-N leakage stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer positioned at the rearmost end are respectively communicated with the N-N leakage stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer adjacent to the front end through N-N middle slurry guide pipes, at least one leakage stoppage grouting channel of the N-N leakage stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer is communicated with the slurry outlet hole of at least one leakage stoppage section of the hole packer, and the front ends of the remaining grouting channels of the N-N leakage stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer are communicated with the leakage stoppage grouting channels of the hole packer adjacent to the front end of the hole packer through the middle slurry guide pipes; until the front end of the hole packer is provided with a leaking stoppage grouting channel, and the front end of only one leaking stoppage grouting channel is connected with a slurry outlet hole of a leaking stoppage section of the hole packer at the foremost end through a middle slurry guide pipe.
3. The gas extraction multipoint plugging and hole sealing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grouting bag is of a tubular structure, two ends of the tubular structure are fixed on the perforated pipe, the outer layer of the grouting bag is a permeable bearing layer, the inner layer of the grouting bag is a water-proof lining layer, the length of the water-proof lining layer is 80-95% of that of the permeable bearing layer, a closed bag cavity is formed between the water-proof lining layer and the outer wall of the perforated pipe, the closed bag cavity is communicated with the grouting holes of the bag, the outer part of the permeable bearing layer is wrapped with a wear-resistant protective layer, and the distance between two ends of the wear-resistant protective layer and two ends of the permeable bearing layer is not less than 5 cm.
4. The gas extraction multipoint plugging and hole sealing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end parts of the porous pipes of the two adjacent hole packers are connected through a straight-through way, only the gas extraction channels in the porous pipes are communicated, and the bag grouting channels and the plurality of plugging grouting channels at the connecting parts are plugged.
5. The gas extraction multipoint plugging and hole sealing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grouting pressure regulator comprises a multi-way pipe, one port of the multi-way pipe is connected with an outlet of a high-pressure grouting pump, the rest ports of the multi-way pipe are connected to N leakage-blocking grouting channels of a hole packer located at the rearmost end through N connecting pipes, each connecting pipe is provided with an electromagnetic pressure valve and a flow meter respectively, the electromagnetic pressure valves and the flow meters are connected to a PLC (programmable logic controller), the electromagnetic pressure valves are used for transmitting the pressure of slurry of the corresponding connecting pipes to the PLC, the flow meters are used for detecting the grouting amount and transmitting the grouting amount to the PLC, and the PLC sends instructions to the electromagnetic pressure valves to control the opening or closing of the electromagnetic pressure valves.
6. The gas extraction multipoint plugging and hole sealing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: check valves are arranged in the front ends of the bag grouting pipe and the connecting pipe.
7. The gas extraction multipoint plugging and hole sealing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bag grouting hole is internally provided with a one-way valve.
8. The intelligent dynamic plugging method for the gas extraction multipoint plugging and sealing equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, prefabricating equipment: assembling gas extraction multipoint leaking stoppage and hole sealing equipment according to the number, the aperture and the depth of drill holes to be plugged, simultaneously setting the maximum working pressure of a grouting pressure regulator, then embedding the assembled hole packer into the corresponding drill holes, connecting the rear end of a bag grouting channel of the hole packer at the rearmost end to a bag grouting pipe, respectively connecting the rear ends of a plurality of leaking stoppage and grouting channels to the grouting pressure regulator through connecting pipes, and connecting the grouting pressure regulator to the outlet of a high-pressure grouting pump;
s2, grouting and hole sealing: grouting and pressurizing a grouting bag of each hole packer through a bag grouting pipe to realize that the grouting bag blocks a drilled hole, the grouting pressure in the grouting bag is kept above 0.5 MPa, and then the pressure is maintained until the slurry in the grouting bag is solidified, so that a grouting space of a plugging section is formed at the position of a drilled hole between two adjacent grouting bags;
s3, plugging operation: preparing organic non-setting slurry or high-molecular non-setting chemical slurry, filling the organic non-setting slurry or high-molecular non-setting chemical slurry into a high-pressure grouting pump, starting the high-pressure grouting pump and a grouting pressure regulator to operate, pressurizing the slurry to more than 2 MPa by the high-pressure grouting pump, sequentially filling the slurry into grouting spaces of all plugging sections through connecting pipes, recording grouting amount-grouting pressure data, drawing a corresponding curve, and automatically judging the damage condition of surrounding rocks of all plugging sections according to the curve, wherein the specific classification standard is as follows:
the pore wall of the I-type leaking stoppage section is complete: the pressure is 0 after the grouting is started, the pressure rises along with the start of the grouting pressure, the pressure rises rapidly along with the continuous working pressure of the grouting pump, however, the flow meter does not rise basically, the hole wall is judged to be complete, and the drilling surrounding rock of the leaking stoppage section has no cracks;
the hole wall of the II-type leaking stoppage section has cracks: the pressure is 0 after the grouting is started, the pressure is quickly increased along with the start of the grouting pressure, the pressure is slowly increased or basically kept stable along with the continuous working pressure of a grouting pump, and the pressure is basically unchanged (maintained at P0) or is not reduced to zero after the grouting is stopped; as grouting continues, the grouting pressure rises at a very low rate or is maintained substantially at P0;
the damage of the hole wall of the III-type leaking stoppage section is serious: in the grouting process, the pressure may be 0 or only slightly increased, but the pressure is attenuated to 0 after the grouting is stopped, pressure-maintaining grouting cannot be performed, and the risk of slurry leakage exists;
s4, circulating plugging operation: for the class III plugging section, injecting gel into the plugging section grouting space, injecting the gel into the plugging space at one time, and then, not dynamically plugging the plugging section; for the I-type and II-type leaking stoppage sections, grouting pressure of each leaking stoppage section is unloaded at intervals of 1-7 days for each leaking stoppage section, the relation between the grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods is detected in a circulating mode and obtained again, integrity and groutability of surrounding rocks of the hole wall of the leaking stoppage section are judged again according to the S3 curve, and leaking stoppage operation is carried out repeatedly according to the S3 execution strategy.
9. The intelligent dynamic leak stopping method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the relation function between the grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods in S3 and S4 is as follows:
for a class I lost circulation segment: the relation P = b x a between grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods (V-V0) -c, an exponential functional relationship is satisfied; and Pt = Pz;
wherein a, b and c are undetermined coefficients, V0 represents the volume of the slurry filled in the grouting space of the plugging section, and V0 is also an undetermined coefficient; pt represents the pressure at the time t after the grouting is stopped, and Pz represents the final pressure in the grouting process; t is the time after grouting stops and >60 minutes;
for class II plugging segments: relation P = b x (V-V0) between grouting pressure P-grouting amount V in different grouting periods a -c, satisfying a power function relationship, and Pt = P0, t (time after grouting stop)>60. The method comprises the following steps of (1) taking minutes; wherein a, b and c are undetermined coefficients, V0 represents the volume of the slurry filled in the plugging space (starting boosting after filling), and V0 is also an undetermined coefficient; pt represents the pressure at the time t after the grouting stops, and P0 represents the stable pressure in the grouting process;
for class III plugging segments: pt =0,pt denotes the pressure at time t after the stop of the grouting, t being the time after the stop of the grouting and <20 minutes.
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