CN115404287A

CN115404287A - Production method for preparing cow leather mat leather based on cow leather

Info

Publication number: CN115404287A
Application number: CN202211055465.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹维勇; 王莱娟
Original assignee: Chongqing Ben Leather Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Ben Leather Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-31
Filing date: 2022-08-31
Publication date: 2022-11-29

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of production and manufacturing of cowhide summer sleeping mats, and discloses a production method for preparing cowhide summer sleeping mat leather based on cowhide. The invention has the advantages of reducing the difficulty of preparing the cow leather mat leather by cow leather, improving the performance of the cow leather mat leather and reducing the production and manufacturing cost of the cow leather mat.

Description

Production method for preparing cow leather mat leather based on cow leather

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of production and manufacturing of cow leather summer sleeping mats, in particular to a production method for preparing cow leather summer sleeping mat leather based on cow leather.

Background

With the improvement of the overall consumption level of the society and the pursuit of the quality of consumers, the traditional bamboo mat is gradually replaced by other newly-appeared mats due to the reasons of over-hard texture, poor comfort, easy generation of burrs and hurting people, and the like, wherein the bamboo mat is most popular with consumers and is a cowhide mat integrating multiple advantages of high-grade, comfort, ventilation, heat dissipation and the like. The cowhide mat mainly achieves the functions of ventilation, sweat absorption and heat dissipation through pores, natural cowhide has coarse pores, loose fibers, rough surface and obvious tortoiseshell and neck wrinkle, has four functions of ventilation, heat dissipation, sweat absorption, moisture prevention and the like, is cool and comfortable for human body, has small pores of cowhide, is difficult to ventilate, has thin grain layer, easily causes loose surface and enlarged part difference in the soaking, liming and softening process, must be processed into the cowhide mat according to the prior art, or cannot be directly contacted with the human body, because of the impermeability, the sweat of a user cannot be well removed, the fungus is bred, the body health of the user is influenced, or the processes of soaking, liming, tanning and the like need to be repeatedly carried out, the toughness is further reduced, and the service life is not long.

The conventional buffalo leather mat is generally made by adopting the first buffalo leather as a raw material and other tannin raw materials which are harmless to human bodies and combining an advanced tannin process. In rural areas, buffalo is mainly used as cultivated cattle, and with the development and popularization of new agricultural technology, the buffalo is gradually replaced by machinery, meanwhile, in the breeding industry, because the beef ratio of the buffalo is low in the meat aspect, the breeding industry generally does not breed the buffalo, but chooses to breed other cattle with high meat-to-material ratio, so that the buffalo as a raw material of a cow leather mat is gradually difficult to maintain normal supply, and further the yield of the cow leather mat is difficult to meet the market demand.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a production method for preparing cow leather summer sleeping mat leather based on cow leather, so as to reduce the requirement of cow leather raw materials for preparing cow leather mats.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a production method for preparing cow leather mat leather based on cow leather comprises the following steps:

s1, removing redundant skins of cowhide to obtain a first raw material skin, and weighing the first raw material skin;

s2, preparing a first aqueous solution, putting the first aqueous solution and the first raw leather into a rotary drum, and pre-soaking the first raw leather at a first preset temperature;

s3, draining the solution in the rotary drum after pre-soaking, then adding water to wash the first raw material skin, taking out the first raw material skin after the baume degree to be detected is qualified, and removing redundant meat on the first raw material skin to obtain a second raw material skin;

s4, preparing a second aqueous solution, putting the second aqueous solution and a second raw leather into a rotary drum, and carrying out main soaking operation on the second raw leather at a first preset temperature;

s5, preparing a liming solution, placing the liming solution and a second raw material leather in a rotary drum, and performing liming operation at a second preset temperature;

s6, performing ash recovery treatment on the second raw leather, then performing leather splitting operation on the treated second raw leather to obtain a first layer leather, and weighing the split first layer leather;

s7, sequentially carrying out pre-deliming treatment and main deliming softening treatment on the first-layer grey scale to obtain a third raw material scale, and washing the third raw material scale for a fixed time by using running water;

step S8, pickling the third raw material leather according to a preset step, and then tanning the pickled third raw material leather according to a preset tanning strategy to obtain a fourth raw material leather;

and S9, carrying out water squeezing and shaving treatment on the tanned fourth raw material leather to obtain fifth raw material leather, and processing the fifth raw material leather into the cow leather mat leather according to the mat leather process.

The principle and the advantages of the scheme are as follows: in practical application, the cowhide mat leather is prepared by adopting the cowhide, firstly, the cowhide is subjected to pre-soaking treatment, water and alkali can quickly permeate into the cowhide by controlling the temperature and the pH value of a solution and combining with an added auxiliary reagent, so that the cowhide expands, fiber key values in the cowhide are also removed, and the beauty degree of the cowhide meets the requirement by washing after the pre-soaking water is finished, so that the compactness degree of the cowhide is improved, and the grain surface of the cowhide is more compact; and the rotary time and the frequency of the rotary drum are set in a targeted manner, so that the rotary drum rotates less and stops more, the cowhide fully reacts with the reagent, the performance of the cowhide is improved, and meanwhile, the loose area of the opposite side abdomen can be reduced by the processing mode, so that the whole cowhide is more elastic. Through the production method of the scheme, the consistency of the characteristics of the finished product of the buffalo hide can be perfectly ensured, and the preparation difficulty and the preparation cost can be greatly reduced, so that the yield of the buffalo hide mat is greatly improved, and a better market promotion effect is achieved.

Preferably, as an improvement, the unwanted skin includes bovine scalp, hoof skin of limbs, and tail skin.

Has the advantages that: the cattle scalp, the hoof skin of four limbs and the tail skin are removed, the leather at the parts are poor in smoothness and not easy to prepare and mold, so that after the redundant skin of the parts is removed, the quality of the cattle leather raw materials can be effectively improved, and the texture of the final cattle leather mat leather is improved.

Preferably, as a modification, the first aqueous solution comprises 200% by weight of water based on the weight result of the first hide, and the other components are 0.2% by weight of a soaking aid, 0.2% by weight of a degreasing agent, 0.2% by weight of a bactericide, and 0.3% by weight of industrial sodium carbonate.

Has the advantages that: the first aqueous solution is used for carrying out pre-soaking operation on the raw material leather, so that the fibrous interstitium is dissolved and removed, the bonding phenomenon of collagen fibers is eliminated, and the fibers in the collagen fibers are fully loosened, thereby improving the performance of the cowhide.

Preferably, as a modification, the pH of the first aqueous solution is controlled within the range of 8.0 to 8.2.

Has the advantages that: the pH value of the solution is controlled within the range, so that the solution is prevented from damaging the cow leather, and meanwhile, a condition with proper pH value can be provided, so that the soaking effect of the cow leather is provided.

Preferably, as a modification, the drum is controlled to stop for 30 minutes after each 30-minute rotation for a total of 6 times during the pre-soaking operation.

Has the advantages that: through the arrangement, the cowhide can fully react with the auxiliary reagent in the solution to a certain extent, so that the soaking effect on the cowhide is enhanced, and the texture of the cowhide is further improved.

Preferably, as a refinement, the second aqueous solution comprises 200% water, 0.4% soaking aid, 0.15% bactericide, 0.4% industrial sodium carbonate and 0.2% lipase.

Has the advantages that: utilize the second aqueous solution to carry out the main operation of soaking to the cow hide, can make the fibrous structure and the water content of cow hide resume to the bright skin form, the fat residue is got rid of in preliminary emulsification simultaneously, can also not hard up epidermis structure, weakens subcutaneous tissue, prepares for subsequent handling operation treatment.

Preferably, as a modification, the drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes each time in the second aqueous solution and then stopped for 30 minutes, 3 times in total, then 0.2% of the degreasing agent, 0.15% of the dehairing enzyme and 0.15% of the sodium sulfide are added to the second aqueous solution, then the drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes again and then stopped for 3 times in total, and finally the drum is controlled to rotate for 5 minutes each hour and 12 times in total.

Has the advantages that: through the step, the components of the aqueous solution and the rotation time of the rotary drum are adjusted in the subsequent process, so that the full immersion of the cowhide is ensured to the maximum extent, and the material performance of the cowhide is effectively improved.

Preferably, as a refinement, the liming solution comprises 60% of water, 0.8% of liming aid, 0.2% of degreasing agent and 0.2% of sodium hydrosulfide.

Has the advantages that: the liming solution prepared by the method is used for liming the cowhide, so that the intradermal interstitial substance is removed, the connection between the hair, the epidermis and the dermis is weakened, the elastic fiber is modified, the muscle tissue is damaged, the effect of other materials on the cowhide in the subsequent process is facilitated, the grease in the naked hide can be saponified, part of the grease in the leather is removed, a certain degreasing effect is achieved, part of secondary bonds of collagen can be opened, the collagen fiber is enabled to be properly loosened, and more collagen active genes are released.

Preferably, as an improvement, in the liming process, under the condition of the liming solution, the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 60 minutes, then 1% sodium hydrosulfide is added into the liming solution, and then the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes; then 0.7 percent of sodium sulfide and 0.5 percent of calcium hydroxide are added into the liming solution, and the drum is controlled to rotate for 20 minutes each time and then is stopped for 20 minutes for 2 times in total; adding 0.4% of sodium sulfide and 1% of calcium hydroxide again, and controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 15 minutes each time and stop for 30 minutes for 8 times; then 100 percent of water with the temperature of 24 ℃, 3 percent of calcium hydroxide and 0.2 percent of liming auxiliary agent are added, the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes, finally, the liming solution is kept unchanged, and the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 5 minutes every hour for 12 times.

Has the advantages that: through the adjustment of the liming solution, the rotation time and the rotation frequency in the step, the liming effect on the cowhide is improved to the maximum extent, the material of the cowhide is softer and more comfortable, and the subsequent processing treatment on the cowhide is facilitated.

Preferably, as an improvement, the second raw leather is subjected to ash recovery treatment, namely, the second raw leather is placed in a rotary drum, 100% of water with the temperature of 24 ℃, 4% of calcium hydroxide and 2% of sodium sulfide are added, the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 20 minutes, and finally, the rotary drum is rotated for 5 minutes every hour and rotates for 20 times.

Has the advantages that: by carrying out ash recovery treatment on the cow leather, the defect of expansion during depilation can be supplemented to a certain extent, cow leather fibers can further expand and disperse, and the limiting interstice in the skin and the effect on elastic fibers are further removed, so that a solid foundation is laid for obtaining full, soft and elastic cow leather.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for producing cattle hide mat leather based on cattle hide according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

the first embodiment is as follows:

this embodiment is substantially as shown in figure 1: a production method for preparing cow leather mat leather based on cow leather comprises the following steps:

s4, preparing a second aqueous solution, putting the second aqueous solution and a second raw leather into a rotary drum, and performing main soaking operation on the second raw leather at a first preset temperature;

Specifically, in the step S1, the removed excess skin includes cow scalp, hoof skin of limbs, and tail skin, and after the first raw material skin is weighed, the weight or parts of the reagent used in the subsequent steps are counted according to the percentage of the weighing result.

Specifically, in step S2, the prepared first aqueous solution includes 200% of water based on the weighing result of the first raw hide, and the weight ratios of the other components are 0.2% of a water immersion aid, 0.2% of a degreasing agent, 0.2% of a bactericide, and 0.3% of industrial sodium carbonate, and the pH value of the first aqueous solution is controlled within a range of 8.0 to 8.2, and the range of the first preset temperature is 24 to 25 ℃. The temperature is increased, the faster the osmosis is, the water and alkali are helped to quickly permeate into the cowhide, the cowhide is enabled to expand quickly, the fiber key values can be removed, and meanwhile, the pH value in the range can greatly inhibit the growth of bacteria, so that the sterilization and inactivation effects are achieved.

Specifically, during the pre-soaking operation, the drum was controlled to rotate for 30 minutes and then stopped for 30 minutes for a total of 6 cycles. The rotary drum rotates less and stops more, sufficient reaction time is reserved for the cowhide, and the position difference is effectively reduced.

Specifically, in step S3, after the pre-soaking is finished, the solution in the drum is drained, then water is added to wash the first raw leather, and then whether the baume degree is within the range of 1-2 is detected, if not, water is continuously added to wash until the baume degree is within the range.

Specifically, in step S4, the weight of each component in the prepared second aqueous solution based on the weighing result of the first raw hide includes 200% of water, 0.4% of a water soaking aid, 0.15% of a bactericide, 0.4% of industrial sodium carbonate, and 0.2% of lipase.

Specifically, the drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes each time in the second aqueous solution and then is stopped for 30 minutes, after 3 times of total circulation, 0.2% of degreasing agent, 0.15% of dehairing enzyme and 0.15% of sodium sulfide are added into the second aqueous solution, then the drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes again and then is stopped for 30 minutes, and after 3 times of total circulation, the drum is controlled to rotate for 5 minutes each hour and 12 times.

Specifically, in step S5, the prepared liming solution includes, based on the weighing result of the first hide, 60% of water, 0.8% of liming aid, 0.2% of degreasing agent and 0.2% of sodium hydrosulfide, and the second preset temperature range is 22-24 ℃.

Specifically, in the liming process, under the condition of a liming solution, the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 60 minutes, then 1% sodium hydrosulfide is added into the liming solution, and then the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes; then adding 0.7 percent of sodium sulfide and 0.5 percent of calcium hydroxide into the liming solution, controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 20 minutes each time, and stopping for 20 minutes for 2 times in total; adding 0.4% of sodium sulfide and 1% of calcium hydroxide again and controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 15 minutes each time and stop for 30 minutes for 8 times in total; then 100 percent of water with the temperature of 24 ℃, 3 percent of calcium hydroxide and 0.2 percent of liming auxiliary agent are added, the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes, finally, the liming solution is kept unchanged, and the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 5 minutes every hour for 12 times totally.

Specifically, in step S6, the second raw leather is subjected to ash recovery treatment, that is, the second raw leather is placed in a rotating drum, 100% of water with a temperature of 24 ℃, 4% of calcium hydroxide and 2% of sodium sulfide are added, the rotating drum is controlled to rotate for 20 minutes, and finally, the rotating drum is rotated for 5 minutes per hour for 20 times. And meanwhile, splitting the second raw leather after ash recovery, namely separating the epidermal layer and the bottom layer of the second raw leather to obtain a first layer leather, weighing the obtained first layer leather, and counting the weight or parts of the reagents used in the subsequent steps according to the percentage of the weighing result of the first layer leather.

Specifically, in step S7, pre-deliming the first layer ash skin, placing the first layer ash skin into a rotary drum, then adding 150% of water at 24 ℃, then adding 0.5% of ammonium sulfate, controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 30 minutes, and finally draining the water; and then, carrying out main deliming softening treatment, adding 80% of water with the temperature of 32 ℃, 2% of ammonium sulfate and 1% of deliming agent into the rotary drum, controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 20 minutes and stop for 30 minutes for 4 times, then adding 0.5% of softening enzyme, 0.2% of degreasing agent and 0.5% of ammonium sulfate, controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 30 minutes and stop for 30 minutes, then rotating for 20 minutes and stop for 40 minutes, finally draining the water in the rotary drum, and cleaning the first-layer grey skin for 10 minutes by using running water, and finally obtaining a third raw material skin. In the main deashing softening treatment, the pH value of the solution in the rotary drum is controlled within the range of 8.0-8.2.

Specifically, in step S8, the third raw leather is pickled, 80% of water is added into the rotary drum, the temperature of the water is controlled to be 18-20 ℃, 8% of industrial sodium chloride is added, the rotary drum is rotated for 20 minutes, 0.5% of formic acid is added, the rotary drum is rotated for 30 minutes, 1% of sulfuric acid is added in 3 times, the time interval between each addition of sulfuric acid is 20 minutes, the rotary drum is rotated for 30 minutes after the addition of sulfuric acid is finished, the rotary drum is rotated for 30 minutes, the rotary drum is rotated for 20 minutes and stopped for 40 minutes, and the pickling process is finished. During the whole pickling process, the pH value of the solution in the rotary drum is controlled within the range of 2.8-3.1.

Specifically, in step S8, when tanning is performed, 8% of chromium powder and 0.5% of sodium formate are added into the drum, the drum is controlled to rotate for 180 minutes, 0.25% of magnesium oxide is added and then rotated for 60 minutes, and then 0.25% of magnesium oxide is added again and then rotated for 180 minutes; and then adding 150% of water with the temperature of 40 ℃, controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 180 minutes, then rotating the rotary drum for 5 minutes every hour for 12 times in total to obtain a fourth raw leather, and finally taking out the fourth raw leather after the temperature is reduced. During the tanning process, the pH of the solution is controlled within the range of 3.8-4.0.

Specifically, in step S9, the dehydrator is used to remove excess moisture from the fourth raw skin, and then the knife roll rotating fast in the shaving machine is used to shave off the excessive thickness of the fourth raw skin, so that the thickness of the fourth raw skin is uniform.

After being shaved evenly, the summer sleeping mat leather is processed according to the conventional technology of the summer sleeping mat leather, and the processing comprises dyeing, greasing, drying, flattening, buffing, coating and embossing; wherein, the dyeing refers to the process of pattern dyeing of the cow leather by using pre-prepared dye, so that the color of the cow leather is more natural and beautiful; the fat-liquoring means that fat-liquoring agent reacts with the cattle leather, so that the cattle leather is endowed with excellent handfeel such as softness, fullness and elasticity, and the physical properties of the cattle leather are improved to a great extent; drying means that the cow leather is dehydrated and air-dried, so that the surface property of the cow leather is fixed; flattening refers to rolling and flattening the cow leather by using rolling equipment under high pressure; the leather grinding refers to grinding the grain surface of the cattle leather by using a grinding wheel or abrasive paper to remove slight flaws on the grain surface and improve the aesthetic degree of the cattle leather; the coating refers to spraying the surface of the cattle leather with an environment-friendly water-based resin material to achieve the purpose of optimizing the texture of the cattle leather, so that the cattle leather is more durable, the mat surface has a waterproof effect, the mat surface of the cattle leather is smooth, fine and glossy, and bright and uniform in color, and the performances of the cattle leather, such as heat resistance, cold resistance, water resistance, oil resistance, easiness in maintenance and the like, are greatly improved; embossing means that different types of patterns or patterns are pressed on the surface of the cattle leather by a special embossing machine according to the preference degree of a customer, so that the aesthetic degree of the cattle leather is improved.

Specifically, in the step S2 to the step S6, the rotating speed of the rotary drum is controlled to be 2 to 3 revolutions per minute, and in the step S7 to the step S8, the rotating speed of the rotary drum is controlled to be 8 to 10 revolutions per minute.

Specifically, the soaking auxiliary agent is an existing SKA solution, and specifically is a compound of a surfactant and an inorganic salt; the degreasing agent is the existing P219 solution, and particularly is a preferable environment-friendly strong surfactant; the bactericide is the existing PSC solution; the unhairing enzyme is the existing P3125 solution; the lipase is the existing EPA solution; the liming auxiliary agent is the existing LMB solution, in particular to an environment-friendly auxiliary agent without sulfide; the deliming agent is the existing DLC 90% magnesium sulfate solution; the softening enzyme is an existing EBU solution.

The specific implementation process of this embodiment is as follows:

the method comprises the steps of firstly, normally purchasing the cow leather, removing redundant skins such as cow scalp, hoof skin of limbs, tail skin and the like from the cow leather to obtain a first raw material skin, weighing the first raw material skin, and counting the weight or parts of reagents used in the subsequent steps according to the percentage of the weighing result.

And secondly, pre-soaking, namely putting the first raw material leather into a rotary drum, adding a first aqueous solution comprising 200% of water, 0.2% of soaking aid, 0.2% of degreasing agent, 0.2% of bactericide and 0.3% of industrial sodium carbonate, controlling the pH value of the first aqueous solution to be 8 and the temperature to be 24 ℃, controlling the rotary drum to rotate at the rotating speed of 3 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes each time, stopping for 30 minutes, and circulating for 6 times in total.

And thirdly, after the pre-soaking is finished, draining the solution in the rotary drum, adding water to wash the first raw leather, detecting whether the baume degree is in a range of 1-2, if not, continuously adding water to wash until the baume degree is in the range, taking the first raw leather out of the rotary drum after the baume degree meets the requirement, and removing redundant meat on the first raw leather to obtain a second raw leather.

And fourthly, mainly soaking, putting the second raw leather into the rotary drum, adding a second aqueous solution which comprises 200 percent of water, 0.4 percent of soaking aid, 0.15 percent of bactericide, 0.4 percent of industrial sodium carbonate and 0.2 percent of lipase, controlling the pH value of the first aqueous solution to be 8.3 and the temperature to be 24 ℃, controlling the rotary drum to rotate at the rotating speed of 3 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes each time, stopping for 30 minutes, circulating for 3 times, adding 0.2 percent of degreasing agent, 0.15 percent of dehairing enzyme and 0.15 percent of sodium sulfide into the second aqueous solution, stopping for 30 minutes after controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 30 minutes again, circulating for 3 times, and finally controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 5 minutes each hour for 12 times.

Fifthly, liming, namely preparing a liming solution which comprises 60% of water, 0.8% of liming auxiliary agent, 0.2% of degreasing agent and 0.2% of sodium hydrosulfide, then placing the liming solution and the second raw material leather which is mainly soaked in water in a rotary drum, controlling the temperature of the liming solution to be 23 ℃, then controlling the rotary drum to rotate at the rotating speed of 3 revolutions per minute for 60 minutes, then adding 1% of sodium hydrosulfide into the liming solution, and then controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 30 minutes; then adding 0.7 percent of sodium sulfide and 0.5 percent of calcium hydroxide into the liming solution, controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 20 minutes each time, and stopping for 20 minutes for 2 times in total; adding 0.4% of sodium sulfide and 1% of calcium hydroxide again, and controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 15 minutes each time and stop for 30 minutes for 8 times; then 100 percent of water with the temperature of 24 ℃, 3 percent of calcium hydroxide and 0.2 percent of liming auxiliary agent are added, the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes, finally, the liming solution is kept unchanged, and the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 5 minutes every hour for 12 times totally.

Sixthly, re-liming, namely placing the second raw material leather after liming in a rotary drum, adding 100 percent of water with the temperature of 24 ℃, 4 percent of calcium hydroxide and 2 percent of sodium sulfide, controlling the rotary drum to rotate at the rotating speed of 3 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes, and finally rotating the rotary drum for 5 minutes every hour for 20 times. And meanwhile, splitting the second raw leather after ash recovery, namely separating the epidermal layer and the bottom layer of the second raw leather to obtain a first layer leather, weighing the obtained first layer leather, and counting the weight or parts of the reagents used in the subsequent steps according to the percentage of the weighing result of the first layer leather.

Seventhly, pre-deliming, namely placing the first layer of gray leather after being subjected to ash recovery into a rotary drum, then adding 150% of water with the temperature of 24 ℃, then adding 0.5% of ammonium sulfate, controlling the rotary drum to rotate at the rotating speed of 10 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes, and finally draining the water.

Eighthly, main deliming and softening, namely adding 80 percent of water with the temperature of 32 ℃, 2 percent of ammonium sulfate and 1 percent of deliming agent into the rotary drum, controlling the rotary drum to rotate at the rotating speed of 10 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes and stop for 30 minutes for 4 times, then adding 0.5 percent of softening enzyme, 0.2 percent of degreasing agent and 0.5 percent of ammonium sulfate, controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 30 minutes and stop for 30 minutes, then rotating for 20 minutes and stop for 40 minutes, finally draining the water in the rotary drum, washing the first layer of grey leather with running water for 10 minutes, and finally obtaining a third raw material leather.

And step nine, pickling, namely putting the third raw material leather subjected to main deliming and softening into a rotary drum, adding 80% of water into the rotary drum, controlling the temperature of the water to be 20 ℃, adding 8% of industrial sodium chloride, controlling the rotary drum to rotate at the rotation speed of 10 revolutions per minute for 20 minutes, adding 0.5% of formic acid, rotating the rotary drum for 30 minutes, adding 1% of sulfuric acid for 3 times, wherein the interval time of adding each time is 20 minutes, stopping the rotary drum for 30 minutes after the sulfuric acid is added, stopping the rotary drum for 30 minutes, then stopping the rotary drum for 40 minutes after the sulfuric acid is added, and finishing the pickling treatment.

Step ten, tanning, adding 8 percent of chromium powder and 0.5 percent of sodium formate into the rotary drum, controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 180 minutes, adding 0.25 percent of magnesium oxide, rotating for 60 minutes, adding 0.25 percent of magnesium oxide again, and rotating for 180 minutes; and then adding 150% of water with the temperature of 40 ℃, controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 180 minutes, then rotating the rotary drum for 5 minutes every hour for 12 times in total to obtain a fourth raw leather, and finally taking out the fourth raw leather after the temperature is reduced.

And step ten, squeezing water and shaving evenly, removing excessive water in the obtained fourth raw material leather by using a dehydrator, shaving off the excessive part on the fourth raw material leather by using a knife roller which rotates fast in a shaving machine to ensure that the thickness of the fourth raw material leather is uniform, and then processing according to the conventional mat leather process, wherein the processing comprises dyeing, greasing, drying, flattening, buffing, coating and embossing to finally obtain the finished product of the cowhide mat leather.

With the improvement of the overall consumption level of the society and the pursuit of the quality of consumers, the traditional bamboo mat is gradually replaced by other newly-appeared mats due to the reasons of over-hard texture, poor comfort, easy generation of burrs and hurting people, and the like, wherein the bamboo mat is most popular with consumers and is a cowhide mat integrating multiple advantages of high-grade, comfort, ventilation, heat dissipation and the like. However, the raw material of the conventional cow mat is buffalo, and as new agricultural technologies are developed and popularized, buffalo is gradually replaced by machinery, and meanwhile, in the breeding industry, the buffalo is not generally bred in the breeding industry because the beef ratio of the buffalo is low in the meat aspect, so that the raw material of the cow mat, namely the buffalo, is gradually difficult to maintain the normal supply amount. Although the market quantity of the cattle hide is larger, the cattle hide mat is not produced by adopting the cattle hide generally, because the grain surface layer of the cattle hide is thin, loose surfaces and enlarged parts are different easily in the soaking, liming and softening processes, and the texture of the finally prepared cattle hide mat is not up to the standard.

In the scheme, the defects of the cowhide mat prepared from the cowhide are fully considered, the property of the cowhide is pertinently adjusted by using reagents with specific proportions in the processes of soaking, liming, reliming, deliming and the like of the cowhide, so that the cortex of the cowhide is tighter, the skin lines of the cowhide are more stretched, the position difference is greatly reduced, and the temperature rise can effectively accelerate the permeation while the influence of bacteria on the cowhide is inhibited by controlling the temperature and the pH value of the solution; on the other hand, the rotation time and frequency of the rotary drum are set in a targeted manner, a processing mode that the rotary drum rotates less and stops more is adopted, water and ash alkali can permeate into the leather core more uniformly, the loose area of the opposite side and the belly is effectively reduced, the performance of the cowhide mat leather made of the cowhide is basically the same as that of the traditional cowhide mat leather, and the difference in functions such as ventilation, heat dissipation and the like is not more than 10%, so that the cowhide can be used for making high-quality cowhide mat leather, the requirement of the cowhide mat leather on the cowhide is reduced to a certain extent, the production and manufacturing cost of the cowhide mat can be effectively reduced, compared with the traditional cowhide mat leather, the cowhide mat leather prepared by the method saves more than 20% in the aspect of cost, and the production benefit of the cowhide is greatly improved.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A production method for preparing cow leather mat leather based on cow leather is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step S3, draining the solution in the rotary drum after the pre-soaking is finished, then adding water to wash the first raw material skin, taking out the first raw material skin after the baume degree to be detected is qualified, and removing redundant meat on the first raw material skin to obtain a second raw material skin;

2. The method for producing the cowhide mat leather based on the cowhide of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the excess skin comprises scalp, hoof skin and tail skin of cattle.

3. The method for producing the cowhide mat leather based on the cowhide of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first aqueous solution comprises 200% of water by weight based on the weighing result of the first raw leather, and the weight ratio of other components is 0.2% of soaking auxiliary agent, 0.2% of degreasing agent, 0.2% of bactericide and 0.3% of industrial sodium carbonate.

4. The method for producing the cowhide mat leather based on the cowhide of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pH value of the first aqueous solution is controlled within the range of 8.0-8.2.

5. The method for producing the cowhide mat leather based on the cowhide of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: during the pre-soaking operation, the drum is controlled to stop for 30 minutes after rotating for 30 minutes every time, and the cycle is totally 6 times.

6. The method for producing the cowhide mat leather based on the cowhide of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the second aqueous solution includes 200% water, 0.4% soaking aid, 0.15% bactericide, 0.4% industrial sodium carbonate, and 0.2% lipase.

7. The method for producing the cowhide mat leather based on the cowhide of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and stopping for 30 minutes after controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 30 minutes in each time in the second aqueous solution, adding 0.2% of degreasing agent, 0.15% of dehairing enzyme and 0.15% of sodium sulfide into the second aqueous solution after 3 times of total circulation, stopping for 30 minutes after controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 30 minutes again, performing 3 times of total circulation, and finally controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 5 minutes every hour for 12 times.

8. The method for producing the cowhide mat leather based on the cowhide of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the liming solution comprises 60% of water, 0.8% of liming auxiliary agent, 0.2% of degreasing agent and 0.2% of sodium hydrosulfide.

9. The method for producing the cowhide mat leather based on the cowhide of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the liming process, under the condition of a liming solution, the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 60 minutes, then 1 percent of sodium hydrosulfide is added into the liming solution, and then the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes; then 0.7 percent of sodium sulfide and 0.5 percent of calcium hydroxide are added into the liming solution, and the drum is controlled to rotate for 20 minutes each time and then is stopped for 20 minutes for 2 times in total; adding 0.4% of sodium sulfide and 1% of calcium hydroxide again and controlling the rotary drum to rotate for 15 minutes each time and stop for 30 minutes for 8 times in total; then 100 percent of water with the temperature of 24 ℃, 3 percent of calcium hydroxide and 0.2 percent of liming auxiliary agent are added, the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 30 minutes, finally, the liming solution is kept unchanged, and the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 5 minutes every hour for 12 times.

10. The method for producing the cowhide mat leather based on the cowhide of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the second raw leather is subjected to ash recovery treatment, namely the second raw leather is placed in a rotary drum, 100% of water with the temperature of 24 ℃, 4% of calcium hydroxide and 2% of sodium sulfide are added, the rotary drum is controlled to rotate for 20 minutes, and finally the rotary drum is rotated for 5 minutes every hour for 20 times.