CN115403188A - Sewage treatment process - Google Patents
Sewage treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115403188A CN115403188A CN202211202083.3A CN202211202083A CN115403188A CN 115403188 A CN115403188 A CN 115403188A CN 202211202083 A CN202211202083 A CN 202211202083A CN 115403188 A CN115403188 A CN 115403188A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004069 wastewater sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009300 dissolved air flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 28
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
- C02F1/62—Heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sewage treatment process, which comprises the following steps: preparing lime milk and a medicament solution for later use, respectively treating the rare earth extraction wastewater, the rare earth oxalic acid precipitation wastewater and the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater by using a filter pressing tank and a clarification tank, and finally, treating the concentrated sludge in the concentration tank by using a filter pressing tank, a clarification tank and the like. In the invention, the wastewater treated by the method of the embodiment meets the discharge requirement, and the treated wastewater can be discharged into a wastewater treatment plant for further treatment. After the wastewater generated in the rare earth production process is treated, the COD value, the ammonia nitrogen value and the oil value are respectively controlled in a reasonable range, and the pH value shows that the wastewater is neutral, so that the treatment effect is good. In the rare earth wastewater treatment, the polyaluminum chloride PAC solution and the polyacrylamide PAM solution prepared by the method are matched in a corresponding concentration range to achieve a better treatment effect, and the method is suitable for wastewater treatment of rare earth production enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a sewage treatment process.
Background
Although the rare earth resources in China are wide in distribution, abundant in reserves and complete in types, a solid foundation is laid for the development of the rare earth industry in China, however, in the development process, the rare earth industry in China has many problems. Due to the complex rare earth smelting process, a large amount of wastewater is generated in the rare earth smelting process, the wastewater contains a large amount of oil substances such as ammonia nitrogen, and the types and the concentrations of main pollutants of the wastewater generated in the preparation process of rare earth related materials are greatly different, if the main pollutants are not effectively treated in time, serious environmental pollution is caused, and the direct discharge can cause serious damage to the environment. The rare earth waste water has large amount, the components are complex and contain a large amount of pollutants, the pollution problem of the waste water in the rare earth smelting is more and more prominent, and the rare earth waste water becomes an important influence factor for restricting the development of the rare earth industry. The further development of the rare earth industry needs to solve the problems of the recovery of rare earth in rare earth wastewater and the treatment of wastewater as early as possible.
The patent with the application number of CN2015100244212 discloses a treatment process method and a device for high-salinity high-ammonia nitrogen rare earth production wastewater, in particular to a wastewater treatment process for high-efficiency desalting and denitrification by combining an electrodialysis process, a triple-effect concentration and crystallization process and an integrated anaerobic ammonia oxidation process; the rare earth production wastewater enters an electrodialysis device after passing through pretreatment units such as a grid, an adjusting tank and a multi-media filter, and is divided into concentrated solution and desalted solution after being subjected to electrodialysis treatment; the concentrated solution enters a triple-effect concentration crystallizer for solid-liquid separation; and (4) enabling the desalted liquid and the effluent of the triple-effect concentration crystallizer to enter an integrated anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor for biochemical denitrification reaction. However, the patent lacks treatment steps for oil stains and heavy metals, and the treatment effect on waste water generated by oxalic acid precipitation and sodium carbonate precipitation cannot be known.
Therefore, a rare earth wastewater treatment method which has high treatment efficiency on extraction wastewater, oxalic acid precipitation wastewater and sodium carbonate precipitation wastewater, can reduce the contents of heavy metal and oil stain, has obvious purification effect and is simple to operate is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a sewage treatment process which can improve the purification effect of rare earth production wastewater.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a sewage treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing lime milk and a medicament solution for later use, wherein the medicament solution comprises a flocculating agent and a weight removing agent, performing air floatation pretreatment and oil removal treatment on extraction wastewater in sequence, then performing neutralization treatment by using the lime milk, adding the flocculating agent for flocculation treatment, then performing precipitation, discharging precipitated slag A obtained by precipitation to a concentration tank for sludge concentration, adding the weight removing agent for heavy metal removal treatment on the precipitated clear liquid A, pumping filter residues generated in the weight removing treatment of the clear liquid A into a filter press for filter pressing, storing solid residues after filter pressing in a warehouse, discharging wastewater generated in the weight removing treatment of the clear liquid A to a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment,
s2: adding lime cream into oxalic acid precipitation wastewater for neutralization treatment, adding a flocculating agent for flocculation treatment, then precipitating, discharging a precipitate residue B obtained by precipitation into a concentration tank for sludge concentration, discharging a clear liquor B obtained by precipitation into a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment,
s3: discharging the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater to a buffer tank, and treating the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater by the buffer tank and a clarification tank respectively,
s4: discharging the concentrated sludge in the concentration tank into a filter press, storing the solid residues after filter pressing, discharging the supernatant in the concentration tank into a buffer tank, and treating the supernatant in the buffer tank and a clarification tank respectively.
Preferably, theThe flocculant comprises a polyaluminum chloride PAC solution and a polyacrylamide PAM solution, and the preparation method of the polyaluminum chloride PAC solution comprises the following steps: adding 6-10m into the medicine dissolving pool 3 The water is made to be 0.8-1.2m in depth, then 400-650kg of polyacrylamide PAC medicament is added and mixed and stirred uniformly, and the stirring is carried out for 30-40min at the rotating speed of 70-80 r/min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the polyacrylamide PAM solution comprises the following steps: adding 800-1200L of water into the medicine barrel, slowly adding 0.9-1.5kg of polyacrylamide PAM medicament, and uniformly mixing and stirring.
Preferably, the formulated lime milk comprises the following steps: adding water into the size mixing tank to reach the water level of 4/5, sequentially opening a screw conveyor and a lime powder tank bottom valve, adding the quicklime powder into the size mixing tank for 3-6min, and preparing to obtain lime milk with the concentration of 120-150 g/L.
Preferably, the preparation method of the weight removing agent comprises the following steps: adding 100-350L of water into the medicine barrel, slowly adding 1-3.5kg of heavy metal capture agent, and uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the heavy metal capture agent is one or more of heavy capture agent HMC-M1, heavy capture agent hedp and heavy capture agent tmt.
Preferably, in step S1, the wastewater in the extraction wastewater adjusting tank is sequentially subjected to dissolved air flotation pretreatment, S-shaped oil removal tank and oil removal machine for oil removal treatment, and then enters an extraction neutralization tank, lime cream is added for neutralization treatment, a flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment, the extraction wastewater after neutralization and flocculation treatment enters an extraction wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation, the neutralization residue at the bottom of the extraction wastewater sedimentation tank is discharged to a sludge concentration tank, the extraction wastewater clarified on the surface of the sedimentation tank enters a heavy metal removal all-in-one machine for removing heavy metals, then the heavy metal removal residue in the heavy metal removal all-in-one machine is pumped into a filter press for filter pressing, the filter residue is put in storage after heavy metal removal and filter pressing, and the extraction wastewater after heavy metal removal is treated by flowing through a buffer tank and a clarification tank.
Preferably, in the step S2, the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater is pumped into an oxalic acid wastewater neutralization tank, lime milk is added for neutralization, a flocculating agent is added for flocculation, the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater after neutralization and flocculation enters an oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation, neutralization slag at the bottom of the oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank is discharged to a sludge concentration tank, and the oxalic acid wastewater clarified on the surface of the sedimentation tank enters a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment.
Preferably, the neutralization tank is operated such that the pH inside the tank is maintained between 6 and 9.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the invention, the wastewater treated by the method of the embodiment meets the discharge requirement, and the treated wastewater can be discharged into a wastewater treatment plant for further treatment. After the wastewater generated in the rare earth production process is treated, the COD value, ammonia nitrogen value and oil value are respectively controlled within the ranges of 68-80mg/L, 17-25mg/L and 3-8mg/L, and the pH value shows that the wastewater is neutral, so that the treatment effect is good. In the rare earth wastewater treatment, a polyaluminum chloride PAC solution with the concentration of 6.25-6.67 percent is used in combination with a polyacrylamide PAM solution with the concentration of 0.11-0.13 percent to achieve a better treatment effect, and the method is suitable for wastewater treatment of rare earth production enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
Example 1:
as shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing lime milk and a medicament solution for later use, wherein the medicament solution comprises a flocculating agent and a weight removing agent, the extraction wastewater is subjected to air flotation pretreatment and oil removal treatment in sequence, then lime milk is used for neutralization treatment, the flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment, then precipitation is carried out, the precipitated sediment A obtained by precipitation is discharged to a concentration tank for sludge concentration, the weight removing agent is added for removing heavy metals from the precipitated clear liquid A, then filter residues generated in the weight removing treatment of the clear liquid A are pumped into a filter press for filter pressing, solid residues after filter pressing are stored in a warehouse, the waste water generated in the weight removing treatment of the clear liquid A is discharged to a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment,
s2: adding lime cream into oxalic acid precipitation wastewater for neutralization treatment, adding a flocculating agent for flocculation treatment, then precipitating, discharging precipitated residue B obtained by precipitation into a concentration tank for sludge concentration, discharging clarified liquid B obtained by precipitation into a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment,
s3: discharging the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater to a buffer tank, and treating the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater by the buffer tank and a clarification tank respectively,
s4: discharging the concentrated sludge in the concentration tank into a filter press, storing solid slag (mainly lime slag) in a warehouse after filter pressing, discharging supernatant in the concentration tank into a buffer tank, treating the supernatant in the buffer tank and a clarification tank respectively, and finally discharging water to a sewage treatment plant in an industrial area for further harmless treatment.
The flocculant comprises a polyaluminum chloride (PAC) solution and a Polyacrylamide (PAM) solution, and the preparation method of the polyaluminum chloride (PAC) solution comprises the following steps: adding 6m into the medicine dissolving pool 3 And adding 400kg of polyacrylamide PAC medicament, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare a polyaluminium chloride PAC solution with the concentration of 6.67 percent.
The preparation method of the polyacrylamide PAM solution comprises the following steps: adding 800L of water into the medicine barrel, slowly adding 0.9kg of polyacrylamide PAM medicament, stirring for 30min at the rotating speed of 70r/min, and uniformly mixing and stirring to prepare a polyacrylamide PAM solution with the concentration of 0.11%.
Preparing the lime milk, comprising the following steps: adding water into the size mixing tank to reach the water level of 4/5, sequentially opening a screw conveyor and a lime powder tank bottom valve, adding the quicklime powder into the size mixing tank for 3min, and preparing to obtain lime milk with the concentration of 120 g/L.
The preparation method of the weight removing agent comprises the following steps: adding 100L of water into a medicine barrel, slowly adding 1kg of heavy metal capture agent, and uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the heavy metal capture agent is heavy metal capture agent HMC-M1.
In the step S1, wastewater in the extraction wastewater adjusting tank is subjected to dissolved air flotation pretreatment, an S-shaped oil removing tank and a precise oil removing machine for oil removal treatment, then the wastewater enters an extraction neutralization tank, lime milk is added for neutralization treatment, a flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment, the extraction wastewater after neutralization and flocculation treatment enters an extraction wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation, neutralization slag at the bottom of the extraction wastewater sedimentation tank is discharged to a sludge concentration tank, the clarified extraction wastewater on the surface of the sedimentation tank enters a weight removing all-in-one machine for heavy metal removal, then the heavy slag removal in the weight removing all-in-one machine is pumped into a pressure filter for pressure filtration, the heavy slag removal is stored in a warehouse after pressure filtration, and the extraction wastewater after weight removal is treated by a buffer tank and a clarification tank.
And in the step S2, the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater is pumped into an oxalic acid wastewater neutralization tank, lime milk is added for neutralization treatment, a flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment, the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater after neutralization and flocculation treatment enters an oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation, neutralization slag at the bottom of the oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank is discharged to a sludge concentration tank, and the oxalic acid wastewater clarified on the surface of the sedimentation tank enters a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment.
The neutralization tank was operated while the pH inside it was maintained at 6.
Example 2:
as shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing lime milk and a medicament solution for later use, wherein the medicament solution comprises a flocculating agent and a weight removing agent, the extraction wastewater is subjected to air flotation pretreatment and oil removal treatment in sequence, then lime milk is used for neutralization treatment, the flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment, then precipitation is carried out, the precipitated sediment A obtained by precipitation is discharged to a concentration tank for sludge concentration, the weight removing agent is added for removing heavy metals from the precipitated clear liquid A, then filter residues generated in the weight removing treatment of the clear liquid A are pumped into a filter press for filter pressing, solid residues after filter pressing are stored in a warehouse, the waste water generated in the weight removing treatment of the clear liquid A is discharged to a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment,
s2: adding lime cream into oxalic acid precipitation wastewater for neutralization treatment, adding a flocculating agent for flocculation treatment, then precipitating, discharging precipitated residue B obtained by precipitation into a concentration tank for sludge concentration, discharging clarified liquid B obtained by precipitation into a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment,
s3: discharging the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater to a buffer tank, and treating the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater by the buffer tank and a clarification tank respectively,
s4: discharging the concentrated sludge in the concentration tank into a filter press, storing solid slag (mainly lime slag) in a warehouse after filter pressing, discharging supernatant in the concentration tank into a buffer tank, treating the supernatant in the buffer tank and a clarification tank respectively, and finally discharging water to a sewage treatment plant in an industrial area for further harmless treatment.
The flocculant comprises a polyaluminum chloride (PAC) solution and a Polyacrylamide (PAM) solution, and the preparation method of the polyaluminum chloride (PAC) solution comprises the following steps: adding 10m into the medicine dissolving pool 3 Adding 650kg of polyacrylamide PAC medicament, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare a polyaluminium chloride PAC solution with the concentration of 6.50 percent.
The preparation method of the polyacrylamide PAM solution comprises the following steps: adding 1200L of water into the medicine barrel, slowly adding 1.5kg of polyacrylamide PAM medicament, stirring for 40min at the rotating speed of 80r/min, and uniformly mixing and stirring to prepare a polyacrylamide PAM solution with the concentration of 0.13%.
Preparing the lime milk, which comprises the following steps: adding water into the size mixing tank to reach the water level of 4/5, sequentially opening a screw conveyor and a lime powder tank bottom valve, adding the quicklime powder into the size mixing tank for 6min, and preparing to obtain lime milk with the concentration of 150 g/L.
The preparation method of the weight removing agent comprises the following steps: adding 350L of water into the medicine barrel, slowly adding 3.5kg of heavy metal capture agent, and uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the heavy metal capture agent is the heavy metal capture agent tmt.
In the step S1, wastewater in the extraction wastewater adjusting tank is subjected to dissolved air flotation pretreatment, an S-shaped oil removing tank and a precise oil removing machine for oil removal treatment, then the wastewater enters an extraction neutralization tank, lime milk is added for neutralization treatment, a flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment, the extraction wastewater after neutralization and flocculation treatment enters an extraction wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation, neutralization slag at the bottom of the extraction wastewater sedimentation tank is discharged to a sludge concentration tank, the clarified extraction wastewater on the surface of the sedimentation tank enters a weight removing all-in-one machine for heavy metal removal, then the heavy slag removal in the weight removing all-in-one machine is pumped into a pressure filter for pressure filtration, the heavy slag removal is stored in a warehouse after pressure filtration, and the extraction wastewater after weight removal is treated by a buffer tank and a clarification tank.
And S2, pumping the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater into an oxalic acid wastewater neutralization tank, adding lime milk for neutralization, adding a flocculating agent for flocculation, allowing the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater subjected to neutralization and flocculation to enter an oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation, discharging neutralization slag at the bottom of the oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank to a sludge concentration tank, and allowing the oxalic acid wastewater clarified on the surface of the sedimentation tank to enter a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment.
The neutralization tank was operated, and the pH inside it was maintained at 9.
Example 3:
as shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing lime milk and a medicament solution for later use, wherein the medicament solution comprises a flocculating agent and a weight removing agent, performing air floatation pretreatment and oil removal treatment on extraction wastewater in sequence, then performing neutralization treatment by using the lime milk, adding the flocculating agent for flocculation treatment, then performing precipitation, discharging precipitated slag A obtained by precipitation to a concentration tank for sludge concentration, adding the weight removing agent for heavy metal removal treatment on the precipitated clear liquid A, pumping filter residues generated in the weight removing treatment of the clear liquid A into a filter press for filter pressing, storing solid residues after filter pressing in a warehouse, discharging wastewater generated in the weight removing treatment of the clear liquid A to a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment,
s2: adding lime cream into oxalic acid precipitation wastewater for neutralization treatment, adding a flocculating agent for flocculation treatment, then precipitating, discharging precipitated residue B obtained by precipitation into a concentration tank for sludge concentration, discharging clarified liquid B obtained by precipitation into a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment,
s3: discharging the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater to a buffer tank, and treating the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater by the buffer tank and a clarification tank respectively,
s4: discharging the concentrated sludge in the concentration tank into a filter press, storing solid slag (mainly lime slag) in a warehouse after filter pressing, discharging the supernatant in the concentration tank into a buffer tank, respectively treating the supernatant in the buffer tank and a clarification tank, and finally discharging water to a sewage treatment plant in an industrial area for further harmless treatment.
The flocculant comprises a polyaluminum chloride (PAC) solution and a Polyacrylamide (PAM) solution, and the preparation method of the polyaluminum chloride (PAC) solution comprises the following steps: adding 8m into the medicine dissolving pool 3 And then adding 500kg of polyacrylamide PAC medicament, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare a polyaluminum chloride PAC solution with the concentration of 6.25 percent.
The preparation method of the polyacrylamide PAM solution comprises the following steps: adding 1000L of water into a medicine barrel, slowly adding 1.2kg of polyacrylamide PAM medicament, stirring for 35min at the rotating speed of 75r/min, mixing and stirring uniformly, and preparing to obtain 0.12% polyacrylamide PAM solution.
Preparing the lime milk, comprising the following steps: adding water into the size mixing tank to reach the water level of 4/5, sequentially opening a screw conveyor and a lime powder tank bottom valve, adding the quicklime powder into the size mixing tank, adding for 5min, and preparing to obtain lime milk with the concentration of 130 g/L.
The preparation method of the weight removing agent comprises the following steps: adding 200L of water into the medicine barrel, slowly adding 2kg of heavy metal capture agent, mixing and stirring uniformly, and preparing to obtain the heavy metal capture agent with the concentration of 1%, wherein the heavy metal capture agent is heavy capture agent hedp.
In the step S1, the wastewater in the extraction wastewater adjusting tank is subjected to dissolved air flotation pretreatment, an S-shaped oil removing tank and a precise oil removing machine for oil removal treatment, then the wastewater enters an extraction neutralization tank, lime milk is added for neutralization treatment, a flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment, the extraction wastewater after neutralization and flocculation treatment enters an extraction wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation, neutralization slag at the bottom of the extraction wastewater sedimentation tank is discharged to a sludge concentration tank, the extraction wastewater clarified on the surface of the sedimentation tank enters a weight removing all-in-one machine for removing heavy metals, then the weight removing slag in the weight removing all-in-one machine is pumped into a filter press for filter pressing, the weight removing filter slag is subjected to filter pressing and storage, and the extraction wastewater after weight removal flows through a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment.
And in the step S2, the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater is pumped into an oxalic acid wastewater neutralization tank, lime milk is added for neutralization treatment, a flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment, the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater after neutralization and flocculation treatment enters an oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation, neutralization slag at the bottom of the oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank is discharged to a sludge concentration tank, and the oxalic acid wastewater clarified on the surface of the sedimentation tank enters a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment.
When the neutralization tank is operated, the pH inside the neutralization tank is maintained at 7.
Comparative example 1:
the procedure was substantially the same as in example 3, except that in the preparation of the polyacrylamide PAM solution, water was added in an amount of 8m 3 The amount of the polyacrylamide PAC agent added was 470kg, and a polyaluminum chloride PAC solution having a concentration of 5.88% was prepared.
Comparative example 2:
the procedure was substantially the same as in example 3, except that in the preparation of the polyacrylamide PAM solution, water was added in an amount of 8m 3 The amount of the polyacrylamide PAC agent added was 540kg, and a polyaluminum chloride PAC solution having a concentration of 6.75% was prepared.
Comparative example 3:
the procedure of the treatment process was substantially the same as in example 3, except that in the preparation of the polyacrylamide PAM solution, 1000L of water was added and 0.8kg of a polyacrylamide PAM reagent was added to prepare a 0.08% concentration polyacrylamide PAM solution.
Comparative example 4:
the procedure of the treatment process was substantially the same as in example 3, except that in the preparation of the polyacrylamide PAM solution, 1000L of water was added and 1.6kg of a polyacrylamide PAM reagent was added to prepare a 0.16% concentration polyacrylamide PAM solution.
In a specific embodiment:
the buffer pool plays a role: 1. when the treated wastewater passes through the buffer tank, silt, suspended matters and the like in the wastewater can naturally precipitate to form a part, and the wastewater passing through the buffer tank is easier to treat; 2. the regulation function is realized, the uniformity and stability of subsequent treatment are ensured, the impact on the whole treatment system is small after the wastewater passes through the buffer tank, and the normal operation in the later period is ensured.
The clarification tank plays a role: the medium for trapping and separating impurity particles, namely the suspended sludge, is used.
The sewage treatment capacity of the buffer tank and the clarification tank is 10m 3 /h。
The size of the size mixing tank is as follows: 2.5 m.times.2.5 m.
The size of the sedimentation tank is as follows: 3.5 m.times.3.5 m.times.3 m.
The volume of the clarification tank is as follows: 300m 3 4 are set.
The dissolved air flotation pretreatment has the following functions: 1. can separate 1-10 μm floating matter such as algae; 2. the metal hydroxide with larger specific gravity can be separated; 3. the method is used for solvent extraction dephenolization and solvent oil recovery, and is used for removing oil stain, COD, SS (concentration of activated sludge in mixed liquor) and the like from wastewater.
The S-shaped oil removing tank can separate oil particles with the particle size of more than 30 mu m under the condition that the retention time of waste water is not more than 30 min.
When the heavy metal trapping agent is used, the pH of the wastewater needs to be adjusted to 11-12 by adding alkali, and acid (oxalic acid) is added after the heavy metal is removed to adjust the pH to 6-9.
5000L of extraction wastewater, oxalic acid precipitation wastewater and carbonic acid precipitation wastewater are respectively treated by using the treatment methods of the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 4, the three types of wastewater in the same group are mixed and sampled after the treatment is finished, and the COD value, ammonia nitrogen value and pH value of the treated wastewater are respectively tested. The results obtained are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 wastewater treatment results Table
As can be seen from Table 1, the wastewater treated by the methods of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 all meet the discharge requirements of the rare earth plant area with COD value of less than 100mg/L, ammonia nitrogen value of less than 50mg/L, oil value of less than 15mg/L and pH value of 6 to 9, and the treated wastewater can be discharged into a wastewater treatment plant for further treatment. However, the wastewater treated by the methods of examples 1 to 3 was lower in COD value and ammonia nitrogen value, and example 3 was the most preferable example. In the methods of comparative examples 1 to 4, the concentrations of polyaluminium chloride PAC and polyacrylamide PAM are changed, which affects the reduction of COD value, ammonia nitrogen value and oil value, and shows that in the rare earth wastewater treatment, the polyaluminium chloride PAC solution with the concentration of 6.25 to 6.67 percent is used and the polyacrylamide PAM solution with the concentration of 0.11 to 0.13 percent is matched for use, so that a better treatment effect can be achieved.
The wastewater treatment method is suitable for wastewater treatment of rare earth material production enterprises.
Claims (8)
1. A sewage treatment process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing lime milk and a medicament solution for later use, wherein the medicament solution comprises a flocculating agent and a weight removing agent; the extraction wastewater is subjected to air flotation pretreatment and oil removal treatment in sequence, then lime cream is used for neutralization treatment, a flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment, then precipitation is carried out, the precipitate residue A obtained by precipitation is discharged to a concentration tank for sludge concentration, a weight removing agent is added for heavy metal removal treatment of the clarified liquid A obtained by precipitation, then the filter residue generated in the weight removal treatment of the clarified liquid A is pumped into a filter press for filter pressing, the solid residue after filter pressing is stored in a warehouse, and the wastewater generated in the weight removal treatment of the clarified liquid A is discharged to a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment;
s2: adding lime milk into the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater for neutralization treatment, and adding a flocculating agent for flocculation treatment; then carrying out precipitation, discharging the precipitation slag B obtained by precipitation into a concentration tank for sludge concentration, and discharging the clarified liquid B obtained by precipitation into a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment;
s3: discharging the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater to a buffer tank, and treating the carbonic acid precipitation wastewater by the buffer tank and a clarification tank respectively;
s4: discharging the concentrated sludge in the concentration tank into a filter press, storing the solid residues after filter pressing, discharging the supernatant in the concentration tank into a buffer tank, and treating the supernatant in the buffer tank and a clarification tank respectively.
2. The wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flocculant comprises a polyaluminum chloride (PAC) solution and a Polyacrylamide (PAM) solution, and the preparation method of the polyaluminum chloride (PAC) solution comprises the following steps: adding 6-10m into the medicine dissolving pool 3 The water is made to be 0.8-1.2m in depth, then 400-650kg of polyacrylamide PAC medicament is added and mixed and stirred uniformly, and the stirring is carried out for 30-40min at the rotating speed of 70-80 r/min.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the polyacrylamide PAM solution comprises the following steps: adding 800-1200L of water into the medicine barrel, slowly adding 0.9-1.5kg of polyacrylamide PAM medicament, and uniformly mixing and stirring.
4. The wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lime milk preparation method comprises the following steps: adding water into the size mixing tank to 4/5 of the water level, sequentially opening a screw conveyor and a lime powder tank bottom valve, adding the quicklime powder into the size mixing tank for 3-6min, and preparing to obtain lime milk with the concentration of 120-150 g/L.
5. The wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the weight removing agent comprises the following steps: adding 100-350L of water into the medicine barrel, slowly adding 1-3.5kg of heavy metal capture agent, and uniformly mixing and stirring, wherein the heavy metal capture agent is one or more of heavy capture agent HMC-M1, heavy capture agent hedp and heavy capture agent tmt.
6. The wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, the wastewater in the extraction wastewater adjusting tank is subjected to dissolved air flotation pretreatment, an S-shaped oil removing tank and an oil removing machine in sequence for oil removal treatment, then enters an extraction neutralization tank, is added with lime milk for neutralization treatment, and is added with a flocculating agent for flocculation treatment; the extraction wastewater after neutralization and flocculation treatment enters an extraction wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation; discharging the neutralized slag at the bottom of the extraction wastewater sedimentation tank to a sludge concentration tank; the clarified extraction wastewater on the surface of the sedimentation tank enters a weight removal all-in-one machine to remove heavy metals, then the weight removal slag in the weight removal all-in-one machine is pumped into a filter press to be subjected to filter pressing, and the weight removal filter slag is subjected to filter pressing and then is stored in a warehouse; the extraction wastewater after weight removal flows through a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment.
7. The wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater is pumped into an oxalic acid wastewater neutralization tank, lime milk is added for neutralization treatment, and a flocculating agent is added for flocculation treatment; the oxalic acid precipitation wastewater after neutralization and flocculation treatment enters an oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank for sedimentation; discharging the neutralization slag at the bottom of the oxalic acid wastewater sedimentation tank to a sludge concentration tank, and allowing the oxalic acid wastewater clarified on the surface of the sedimentation tank to enter a buffer tank and a clarification tank for treatment.
8. A process for the treatment of wastewater according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: when the neutralization tank is operated, the pH inside the neutralization tank is kept between 6 and 9.
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