CN115403096B - Distillation suit for converting human sweat into drinking water by utilizing sunlight - Google Patents
Distillation suit for converting human sweat into drinking water by utilizing sunlight Download PDFInfo
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- CN115403096B CN115403096B CN202211207041.9A CN202211207041A CN115403096B CN 115403096 B CN115403096 B CN 115403096B CN 202211207041 A CN202211207041 A CN 202211207041A CN 115403096 B CN115403096 B CN 115403096B
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- distillation
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- water
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- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical group CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009990 desizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910014033 C-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021580 Cobalt(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014570 C—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/02—Layered materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/12—Hygroscopic; Water retaining
- A41D31/125—Moisture handling or wicking function through layered materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D2400/00—Functions or special features of garments
- A41D2400/46—Storage or supply of water for drinking purposes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a distillation suit for converting human sweat into drinking water by utilizing sunlight, which comprises a functional inner layer and an outer layer, wherein a V-shaped water collecting bag is arranged at the lower hem of the front side and the back side of the distillation suit, absorbent cotton is arranged on one side of the functional inner layer close to the skin, a carbon-based fiber material loaded with cobalt chloride is arranged on one side of the functional inner layer far away from the skin, and a polydimethylsiloxane film is arranged on the outer layer; sweat is absorbed by the absorbent cotton of the composite layer, then the cobalt chloride on the carbon-based fiber material absorbs moisture in the sweat, finally the light-heat conversion is carried out under the irradiation of sunlight, the moisture evaporates and condenses into water drops on the polydimethylsiloxane film on the outer layer, the water drops are collected into a water collecting bag, and water in the water collecting bag can be directly drunk as drinking water, so that the recycling of human sweat is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a distillation suit, in particular to a distillation suit for converting human sweat into drinking water by utilizing sunlight.
Background
The distillation suit has important functions in the fields of medical treatment, military, aerospace and the like, medical staff wearing the protective suit in epidemic situations, soldiers and astronauts in the frontier, sweat of the medical staff is taken as one of main ways of water dissipation in the body, and water is not supplemented in time, so that dehydration phenomenon can be caused, even physical health is endangered, but under severe environments, the conventional drinking water mode can bring inconvenience to working activities.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a distillation suit for converting human sweat into drinking water by utilizing sunlight, which can convert human sweat into direct drinking water under the irradiation of sunlight, and has the advantages of high conversion rate and convenient and easy operation during drinking.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a distillation suit for converting human sweat into drinking water by utilizing sunlight, which is prepared from a composite material, wherein the composite material comprises a functional inner layer and a polydimethylsiloxane membrane sleeved outside the functional inner layer, absorbent cotton is arranged on one side of the functional inner layer close to the skin, and a carbon-based fiber material loaded with cobalt chloride is arranged on one side of the functional inner layer far away from the skin.
In the working process of the distillation suit, absorbent cotton firstly absorbs sweat, initially absorbs moisture in the sweat, simultaneously filters inorganic salts and other components in the sweat, then absorbs water molecules in the absorbent cotton and stores the water molecules by utilizing the strong water absorption of a cobalt chloride-loaded carbon-based fiber material, the carbon-based fiber material is subjected to photothermal conversion after irradiation of sunlight, water in the carbon-based fiber material is evaporated and condensed into water drops on the surface of a transparent polydimethylsiloxane film, and the water drops are converged to form water drops which slide along the polydimethylsiloxane film and are collected in a V-shaped water collecting bag.
Further, the loading of cobalt chloride in the carbon-based fiber layer is 20-40 wt%, the thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane film is 2-5 mm, and the thickness of the absorbent cotton is 1-3 mm. When the loading amount of cobalt chloride in the carbon-based fiber material is too low, the cobalt chloride does not have high water absorption to moisture in absorbent cotton, thereby resulting in low photo-thermal conversion rate.
Further, the front and the back of the distillation suit are provided with V-shaped water collecting bags, the bottoms of the V-shaped water collecting bags are provided with water outlet holes, the water outlet holes are connected with water delivery pipes or embedded into plastic plugs, and the water outlets of the water delivery pipes are positioned at the neckline of the distillation suit. The bottom of the V-shaped water collecting bag is provided with a water outlet hole and is connected with a water delivery conduit, so that water can be conveniently supplemented in a severe environment.
Further, the V-shaped water collecting bag is prepared from polydimethylsiloxane, and is molded and bonded on two sides of the front lower hem of the distillation suit and two sides of the back lower hem of the distillation suit through a mold, and the bonding width is 1-5 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the polydimethylsiloxane membrane comprises the following steps: mixing PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel A agent and PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel B agent, uniformly stirring, vacuum-exhausting, standing to obtain a mixture, pouring the mixture into a mould, curing for 1-4 h at 80-100 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the polydimethylsiloxane film. The polydimethylsiloxane membrane prepared by demolding has certain mechanical strength, is not completely attached to the functional inner layer, prevents moisture from being absorbed by the functional inner layer again, and can collect water drops formed by condensation on the surface of the polydimethylsiloxane membrane.
Further, an anti-sticking layer is sprayed on the inner surface of the die, wherein an anti-sticking agent adopted by the anti-sticking layer is isopropanol solution containing sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the isopropanol solution is 1-10%.
Further, the mass ratio of the PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel A agent to the PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel B agent is 5-15:1.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: the distillation suit has the functions of moisture absorption, photo-thermal evaporation and condensation, so that human sweat can be quickly converted into direct drinking water, and meanwhile, the distillation suit is provided with the water collecting bag and the water delivery conduit, so that the distillation suit is convenient to operate when water supplementing needs exist, and the reutilization of the human sweat can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a material structure of a distillation suit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of a distillation suit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial real object of the distillation suit of example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Preparation of Supported CoCl 2 Is a carbon-based fiber material of (1):
(1.1) desizing treatment of cotton fabric: soaking cotton fabric clothes in 15g/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating to boil the liquid for 1h, taking out the cotton fabric, and soaking in pure water for 12h to obtain desized cotton fabric;
(1.2) carbonization and oxidation treatment: calcining the desized cotton fabric for 1h in a nitrogen atmosphere at 800 ℃, oxidizing for 2h in an oxygen atmosphere at 300 ℃, and calcining, carbonizing and oxidizing at high temperature to obtain a flexible and foldable carbon-based fiber material;
(1.3) cobalt chloride supported: soaking the carbon-based fiber in CoCl with the concentration of 23.8mg/mL 2 Taking out the carbon-based fiber after 20min in the aqueous solution; circularly dipping for 6 times, and cumulatively dipping for 2 hours to obtain a carbon-based fiber material loaded with cobalt chloride, drying after dipping, wherein the loading amount of the cobalt chloride on the carbon-based fiber is measured to be 35wt%;
the carbonized carbon-based fiber surface only contains carbon elements, the content of hydrophilic functional groups is low, and the characteristic peak of C-OH is widened after oxidation treatment, namely that the-OH is associated, and the hydrophilic functional groups are formed; after the CoCl2 is loaded, the characteristic peak of the C-OH on the surface of the fiber is further widened, which indicates that the introduction of the CoCl2 further enhances the hydrophilic functional group, thereby improving the water absorption of the material; the carbonized and oxidized carbon-based fiber has 90% light absorptivity in the wavelength of 250-2500 nm, the surface of the carbon-based fiber is in a woven twill shape, a slit hole structure is formed, the light absorptivity effect is enhanced, the heat loss is reduced, the temperature lifting speed is increased, the efficient photo-thermal conversion can be realized under the drive of solar energy, the vapor evaporation is enhanced, and the follow-up cobalt chloride loading is facilitated; cobalt chloride is uniformly loaded on the carbon-based fiber film and grows in a branch structure to form a heterostructure, which is beneficial to multiple refraction of light, further improves the light absorption effect, and further improves the light-heat conversion efficiency of the material;
(2) Preparation of polydimethylsiloxane film: mixing an agent A and an agent B of the Dow Corning PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel according to the weight ratio of 10:1, slowly and uniformly stirring, carrying out vacuum exhaust, and standing for 30min to obtain PDMS; spraying isopropanol solution containing 5% sodium dodecyl sulfate into a mold as an anti-sticking agent, filling and sealing the PDMS into the mold, curing for 1h at 100 ℃, and demolding to obtain a transparent polydimethylsiloxane film with certain mechanical strength, wherein the thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane film is 4mm;
(3) And (3) preparing distilled clothes: v-shaped water collecting bags are arranged on the front and back sides of the clothes body in a decoration mode, the V-shaped water collecting bags are made of polydimethylsiloxane, the V-shaped water collecting bags are manufactured by adopting a die, the V-shaped water collecting bags are bonded with the clothes body by using a Dow Corning 3140 RTV-shaped coating, water outlet holes and water delivery pipes are arranged at the lower ends of the V-shaped water collecting bags, the cobalt chloride-loaded carbon-based fiber materials are firstly fixed and sewed with absorbent cotton to obtain a functional inner layer, and then the polydimethylsiloxane film is sleeved outside the functional inner layer (the polydimethylsiloxane film is sleeved on one side far away from the absorbent cotton), so that the distillation garment is obtained.
(4) Sweat conversion water yield test: taking the area of 100cm 2 As shown in fig. 3; placing the mixture in a closed environment with the humidity of 96-98%, and taking the distillation clothes under the condition that the illumination intensity is 1kW/m after 10 hours 2 The volume of condensed water was measured every other hour by continuously irradiating for 5 hours under a xenon lamp, and experimental data are shown in table 1 below:
table 1: EXAMPLE 1 conversion of distilled sweat to Water yield
| Time/h | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| volume/mL | 19.6 | 19.2 | 18.7 | 18.6 | 18.4 |
From experimental data, the highest conversion rate achieved by the distillation suit in operation is:
example 2
(1) Preparation of Supported CoCl 2 Is a carbon-based fiber material of (1):
(1.1) desizing treatment of cotton fabric: soaking cotton fabric clothes in 15g/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating to boil the liquid for 1h, taking out the cotton fabric, and soaking in pure water for 12h to obtain desized cotton fabric;
(1.2) carbonization and oxidation treatment: calcining the desized cotton fabric for 1h in a nitrogen atmosphere at 800 ℃, oxidizing for 2h in an oxygen atmosphere at 300 ℃, and calcining, carbonizing and oxidizing at high temperature to obtain a flexible and foldable carbon-based fiber material;
(1.3) cobalt chloride supported: soaking the carbon-based fiber in CoCl with the concentration of 16.2mg/mL 2 Taking out the carbon-based fiber after 20min in the aqueous solution; circularly dipping for 6 times, and cumulatively dipping for 2 hours to obtain a carbon-based fiber material loaded with cobalt chloride, drying after dipping, wherein the loading amount of the cobalt chloride on the carbon-based fiber is measured to be 20wt%;
(2) Preparation of polydimethylsiloxane film: mixing an agent A and an agent B of the Dow Corning PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel according to the weight ratio of 10:1, slowly and uniformly stirring, carrying out vacuum exhaust, and standing for 30min to obtain PDMS; spraying isopropanol solution containing 5% sodium dodecyl sulfate into a mold as an anti-sticking agent, filling and sealing the PDMS into the mold, curing for 1h at 100 ℃, and demolding to obtain a transparent polydimethylsiloxane film with certain mechanical strength, wherein the thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane film is 4mm;
(3) And (3) preparing distilled clothes: v-shaped water collecting bags are arranged on the front and back sides of the clothes body in a decoration mode, the V-shaped water collecting bags are made of polydimethylsiloxane, the V-shaped water collecting bags are manufactured by adopting a die, the V-shaped water collecting bags are bonded with the clothes body by using a Dow Corning 3140 RTV-shaped coating, water outlet holes and water delivery pipes are arranged at the lower ends of the V-shaped water collecting bags, the cobalt chloride-loaded carbon-based fiber materials are firstly fixed and sewed with absorbent cotton to obtain a functional inner layer, and then the polydimethylsiloxane film is sleeved outside the functional inner layer to obtain the distillation suit.
(4) Sweat conversion water yield test: taking the area of 100cm 2 As shown in fig. 3; placing the mixture in a closed environment with the humidity of 96-98%, and taking the distillation clothes under the condition that the illumination intensity is 1kW/m after 10 hours 2 The volume of condensed water was measured every other hour by continuously irradiating for 5 hours under a xenon lamp, and experimental data are shown in table 1 below:
table 2: EXAMPLE 2 conversion of distilled sweat to Water yield
| Time/h | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| volume/mL | 13.6 | 12.9 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.3 |
From experimental data, the highest conversion rate achieved by the distillation suit in operation is:
comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 the example 1 was used as a control group, the only difference being the different loading of cobalt chloride in the carbon-based fiber layer in comparative example 1.
(1) Preparing a cobalt chloride-loaded carbon-based fiber material:
(1.1) desizing treatment of cotton fabric: soaking cotton fabric clothes in 15g/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating to boil the liquid for 1h, taking out the cotton fabric, and soaking in pure water for 12h to obtain desized cotton fabric;
(1.2) carbonization and oxidation treatment: calcining the desized cotton fabric for 1h in a nitrogen atmosphere at 800 ℃, oxidizing for 2h in an oxygen atmosphere at 300 ℃, and calcining, carbonizing and oxidizing at high temperature to obtain a flexible and foldable carbon-based fiber material;
(1.3) cobalt chloride supported: soaking carbon-based fiber in CoCl with concentration of 15mg/mL 2 Taking out the carbon-based fiber after 20min in the aqueous solution; circularly dipping for 6 times, cumulatively dipping for 2 hours to obtain a carbon-based fiber material loaded with cobalt chloride, and drying after dipping; the loading of cobalt chloride on the carbon-based fiber was measured to be 18.5wt%;
(2) Preparation of polydimethylsiloxane film: mixing an agent A and an agent B of the Dow Corning PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel according to the weight ratio of 10:1, slowly and uniformly stirring, carrying out vacuum exhaust, and standing for 30min to obtain PDMS; spraying isopropanol solution containing 5% sodium dodecyl sulfate into a mold as an anti-sticking agent, filling and sealing the PDMS into the mold, curing for 1h at 100 ℃, and demolding to obtain a transparent polydimethylsiloxane film with certain mechanical strength, wherein the thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane film is 4mm;
(3) And (3) preparing distilled clothes: v-shaped water collecting bags are arranged on the front and back sides of the clothes body in a decoration mode, the V-shaped water collecting bags are made of polydimethylsiloxane, the V-shaped water collecting bags are manufactured by adopting a die, the V-shaped water collecting bags are bonded with the clothes body by using a Dow Corning 3140 RTV-shaped coating, water outlet holes and water delivery pipes are arranged at the lower ends of the V-shaped water collecting bags, the cobalt chloride-loaded carbon-based fiber materials are firstly fixed and sewed with absorbent cotton to obtain a functional inner layer, and then the polydimethylsiloxane film is sleeved outside the functional inner layer to obtain the distillation suit.
(4) Sweat conversion water yield test: taking the area of 100cm 2 As shown in fig. 3; placing the mixture in a closed environment with the humidity of 96-98%, and taking the distillation clothes under the condition that the illumination intensity is 1kW/m after 10 hours 2 The volume of condensed water was measured every other hour by continuously irradiating for 5 hours under a xenon lamp, and experimental data are shown in table 1 below:
table 3: comparative example 1 conversion of distilled sweat to Water yield
| Time/h | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| volume/mL | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 8.7 |
From experimental data, the highest conversion rate achieved by the distillation suit in operation is:
comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 the control group was example 1, with the only difference that no inner absorbent cotton was distilled in comparative example 2.
(1) Preparation of Supported CoCl 2 Is a carbon-based fiber material of (1):
(1.1) desizing treatment of cotton fabric: soaking cotton fabric clothes in 15g/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating to boil the liquid for 1h, taking out the cotton fabric, and soaking in pure water for 12h to obtain desized cotton fabric;
(1.2) carbonization and oxidation treatment: calcining the desized cotton fabric for 1h in a nitrogen atmosphere at 800 ℃, oxidizing for 2h in an oxygen atmosphere at 300 ℃, and calcining, carbonizing and oxidizing at high temperature to obtain a flexible and foldable carbon-based fiber material;
(1.3) cobalt chloride supported: soaking the carbon-based fiber in CoCl with the concentration of 23.8mg/mL 2 Taking out the carbon-based fiber after 20min in the aqueous solution; circularly dipping for 6 times, cumulatively dipping for 2 hours to obtain a carbon-based fiber material loaded with cobalt chloride, and drying after dipping; the loading of cobalt chloride on the carbon-based fiber was measured to be 35wt%;
(2) Preparation of polydimethylsiloxane film: mixing an agent A and an agent B of the Dow Corning PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel according to the weight ratio of 10:1, slowly and uniformly stirring, carrying out vacuum exhaust, and standing for 30min to obtain PDMS; spraying isopropanol solution containing 5% sodium dodecyl sulfate into a mold as an anti-sticking agent, filling and sealing the PDMS into the mold, curing for 1h at 100 ℃, and demolding to obtain a transparent polydimethylsiloxane film with certain mechanical strength, wherein the thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane film is 4mm;
(3) And (3) preparing distilled clothes: v-shaped water collecting bags are arranged on the front and back sides of the clothes body in a decoration mode, the V-shaped water collecting bags are made of polydimethylsiloxane, the V-shaped water collecting bags are manufactured by adopting a die, the V-shaped water collecting bags are bonded with the clothes body by using a Dow Corning 3140 RTV-shaped coating, water outlet holes and water delivery pipes are arranged at the lower ends of the V-shaped water collecting bags, the cobalt chloride-loaded carbon-based fiber materials are firstly fixed and sewed with absorbent cotton to obtain a functional inner layer, and then the polydimethylsiloxane film is sleeved outside the functional inner layer to obtain the distillation suit.
(4) Sweat conversion water yield test: taking the area of 100cm 2 As shown in fig. 3; placing the mixture in a closed environment with the humidity of 96-98%, and taking the distillation clothes under the condition that the illumination intensity is 1kW/m after 10 hours 2 The volume of condensed water was measured every other hour by continuously irradiating for 5 hours under a xenon lamp, and experimental data are shown in table 3 below:
table 4: comparative example 2 conversion of distilled sweat to Water yield
| Time/h | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| volume/mL | 18.5 | 18.2 | 17.8 | 17.7 | 17.5 |
From experimental data, the highest conversion rate achieved by the distillation suit in operation is:
from the above examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that: along with the reduction of the cobalt chloride load in the carbon-based fiber material, the hydrophilic functional groups are reduced, and the multiple refraction effect of light is reduced, so that the absorption effect of distilled clothing on water and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency are reduced, and the rate of converting sweat into direct drinking water is further reduced; absorbent cotton plays a certain role in absorbing water in the inner layer of the distillation suit, and simultaneously has an isolating effect, so that CoCl is prevented from being loaded 2 The carbon-based fiber of (2) is adhered to the skin to cause allergy. By increasing CoCl 2 The absorbent cotton layer is arranged on the absorbent cotton layer, so that the water absorption of the material can be improved, the light absorption can be enhanced, the water evaporation rate can be improved, and the effect of converting absorbed water into drinkable water can be further improved.
Claims (4)
1. A distillation suit for converting human sweat into drinking water by utilizing sunlight is characterized in that: the distillation suit is prepared from a composite material, the composite material comprises a functional inner layer and a polydimethylsiloxane film sleeved outside the functional inner layer, absorbent cotton is arranged on one side of the functional inner layer close to the skin, and a carbon-based fiber material loaded with cobalt chloride is arranged on one side of the functional inner layer far away from the skin; the loading amount of cobalt chloride in the carbon-based fiber material is 20-40wt%, the thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane film is 2-5 mm, and the thickness of the absorbent cotton is 1-3 mm; the front surface and the back surface of the distillation suit are provided with V-shaped water collecting bags in a downward-arranged mode, water outlets are formed in the bottoms of the V-shaped water collecting bags, water delivery pipes or plastic plugs are embedded in the water outlets, and water outlets of the water delivery pipes are located at necklines of the distillation suit; the V-shaped water collecting bag is made of polydimethylsiloxane, and is formed through a die and bonded on two sides of the front lower hem of the distillation suit and two sides of the back lower hem of the distillation suit, and the bonding width is 1-5 mm.
2. The distillation suit for converting human sweat into potable water using sunlight according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the polydimethylsiloxane membrane comprises the following steps: and mixing the PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel A agent and the PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel B agent, uniformly stirring, vacuum-exhausting, standing to obtain a mixture, pouring the mixture into a mold, curing for 1-4 h at 80-100 ℃, and demolding to obtain the polydimethylsiloxane film.
3. The distillation suit for converting human sweat into potable water using sunlight according to claim 2, characterized in that: an anti-sticking layer is sprayed on the inner surface of the die, an anti-sticking agent adopted by the anti-sticking layer is isopropanol solution containing sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the isopropanol solution is 1-10%.
4. The distillation suit for converting human sweat into potable water using sunlight according to claim 2, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel A agent to the PDMS polydimethylsiloxane silica gel B agent is 5-15:1.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106263128A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of conduction cooling cools down clothes uniformly |
| CN213061209U (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-04-27 | 福建省南安市南晶针织时装(中国)有限公司 | Sweat-absorbing quick-drying blended fabric |
| CN113401960A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-17 | 大连理工大学 | Efficient and stable novel light-hot water evaporation material with self-cleaning function and preparation method thereof |
| CN114424847A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-05-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Ice-water-gas phase change cooling garment based on fiber cold conduction and evaporation heat absorption |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106263128A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of conduction cooling cools down clothes uniformly |
| CN213061209U (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-04-27 | 福建省南安市南晶针织时装(中国)有限公司 | Sweat-absorbing quick-drying blended fabric |
| CN113401960A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-17 | 大连理工大学 | Efficient and stable novel light-hot water evaporation material with self-cleaning function and preparation method thereof |
| CN114424847A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-05-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Ice-water-gas phase change cooling garment based on fiber cold conduction and evaporation heat absorption |
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