CN115402286A - 混合动力车辆的制动控制装置 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆的制动控制装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115402286A
CN115402286A CN202210485631.1A CN202210485631A CN115402286A CN 115402286 A CN115402286 A CN 115402286A CN 202210485631 A CN202210485631 A CN 202210485631A CN 115402286 A CN115402286 A CN 115402286A
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China
Prior art keywords
braking
abnormality
brake
control
braking force
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Pending
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CN202210485631.1A
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English (en)
Inventor
后藤航
安堂智生
蔡博修
中山大辅
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Subaru Corp
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Subaru Corp
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Publication of CN115402286A publication Critical patent/CN115402286A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/58Combined or convertible systems
    • B60T13/585Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders
    • B60T13/586Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders the retarders being of the electric type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18Safety devices; Monitoring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
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    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0076Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to braking
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    • B60T1/02Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/10Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
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    • B60T13/12Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B60T13/14Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
    • B60T13/142Systems with master cylinder
    • B60T13/145Master cylinder integrated or hydraulically coupled with booster
    • B60T13/146Part of the system directly actuated by booster pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/662Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems characterised by specified functions of the control system components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/042Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/88Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
    • B60T8/92Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means automatically taking corrective action
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B60W10/08Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/18Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of braking systems
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W10/18Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of braking systems
    • B60W10/196Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of braking systems acting within the driveline, e.g. retarders
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    • B60W50/02Ensuring safety in case of control system failures, e.g. by diagnosing, circumventing or fixing failures
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
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    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60W2710/00Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/18Braking system
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种即使在制动控制中产生了复合性的异常的情况下也能够进行适当的制动的混合动力车辆的制动控制装置。在协调使用发动机制动、再生制动、以及摩擦制动的制动控制时,BCU14在检测出再生制动的异常时,将检测出再生制动的异常时的减速度设定为目标减速度,利用针对目标减速度的反馈控制,进行基于摩擦制动的制动力补偿。

Description

混合动力车辆的制动控制装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种能够通过使用了电动发电机的再生制动而产生制动力的混合动力车辆的制动控制装置。
背景技术
以往,在混合动力车辆等车辆中,已知有并用摩擦制动与再生制动来获得期望的制动力的制动控制装置,该摩擦制动器通过利用液压等使摩擦接合构件动作而使车轮产生制动力,该再生制动通过将电动发电机作为发电机工作而使车轮产生制动力。
另外,在这样的混合动力车辆的制动控制装置(车辆控制装置)中,作为用于在再生制动中产生了异常的情况下也使车辆行为稳定的技术,已知有例如专利文献1等所公开的技术。在专利文献1中公开了如下技术:在基于制动器踏板操作量或油门踏板操作量而计算出的车辆的目标行为与由G传感器检测出的减速度之差超过预定范围的情况下检测出再生制动异常时,以直到相对于车辆电切断电动发电机为止的期间,一直对因异常的再生制动而降低的扭矩进行补偿而使其成为目标行为的方式,对除再生制动以外的正常的摩擦制动器、发动机、变速器分配作为车辆整体产生的扭矩。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特许6064762号公报
发明内容
技术问题
然而,对于上述专利文献1所公开的技术而言,例如,在除了切断再生制动以外还在各种传感器类产生了异常的情况那样的产生了复合性的异常的情况下,有可能无法进行适当的制动。
本发明是鉴于上述情况而做出的,其目的在于,提供一种即使在制动控制中产生了复合性的异常的情况下也能够进行适当的制动的混合动力车辆的制动控制装置。
技术方案
本发明的一个方式的混合动力车辆的制动控制装置是如下装置:具备发动机与电动发电机作为动力单元的驱动源,所述混合动力车辆的制动控制装置具备:制动力控制机构,其协调使用了所述发动机的发动机制动、使用了所述电动发电机的再生制动、以及使用了摩擦接合构件的摩擦制动而进行制动力控制;再生制动异常检测机构,其检测所述再生制动的异常;再生停止机构,其在检测出所述再生制动的异常时,从所述制动力控制中断开所述再生制动而使所述再生制动的工作停止;以及制动力补偿机构,其在从检测出所述再生制动的异常起到从所述制动力控制中断开所述再生制动为止的期间,进行使用了所述摩擦制动的制动力补偿,所述制动力补偿机构利用针对检测出所述再生制动的异常时的减速度的反馈控制,进行所述制动力补偿。
技术效果
根据本发明的混合动力车辆的制动控制装置,即使在制动控制中产生了复合性的异常的情况下,也能够进行适当的制动。
附图说明
图1是混合动力车辆的简要构成图。
图2是制动器促动器的构成图。
图3是示出制动扭矩分配控制程序的流程图。
图4是示出再生制动断开控制程序的流程图。
图5是示出再生制动异常时的制动力补偿控制程序的流程图。
图6是示出第一制动力补偿控制子程序的流程图。
图7是示出第二制动力补偿控制子程序的流程图。
符号说明
1…车辆(本车辆)
2…发动机
3…自动变速器
4…电动发电机
5(5fl、5fr、5rl、5rr)…车轮
6…制动器促动器
7…电池
8(8fl、8fr、8rl、8rr)…轮缸
10…混合动力控制单元(HEV_CU)
11…发动机控制单元(ECU)
12…变速器控制单元(TCU)
13…动力控制单元(PCU)
13a…变换器
14…制动器控制单元(BCU)
15…油门传感器
15a…油门踏板
16…制动器传感器
16a…制动器踏板
17(17fl、17fr、17rl、17rr)…车轮速度传感器
18…前后加速度传感器
41…制动液压产生部
42…制动液压流路
44…主缸
44a、44b…供排口
45…储存箱
46…制动助力器
48…操作杆
52、53…制动液压流路
54…低压蓄压器
55…入口阀
56…液压泵
57…电动马达
58…旁通阀
59a、59b…制动液压传感器
60、61…加压阀
62、63…减压阀
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本发明的方式进行说明。图1所示的车辆1是例如混合动力车辆,该车辆1的动力单元PU具有发动机2、以及经由自动变速器3而与发动机2的输出轴连设的电动发电机4。
在本实施方式中,图1所示的车辆1是四轮驱动车,自动变速器3的输出轴与左右前轮5fl、5fr、左右后轮5rl、5rr连设。另外,在各车轮5fl、5fr、5rl、5rr(以下,统称为“各车轮5”)设置有具备盘式制动器等摩擦接合构件的轮缸8fl、8fr、8rl、8rr(以下,统称为“各轮缸8”)。应予说明,在图1中,符号Dc是中央差速装置,Df是前差速装置,Dr是后差速装置。
该车辆1的进行行驶控制的控制系统构成为具有混合动力控制单元(HEV_CU)10、发动机控制单元(ECU)11、变速器控制单元(TCU)12、内置有变换器13a的动力控制单元(PCU)13、以及制动器控制单元(BCU)14。这些各控制单元10~14经由CAN(Controller AreaNetwork:控制器域网)等以能够彼此通信的方式连接。
在HEV_CU10的输入侧连接有用于检测驾驶员对油门踏板15a的操作状态的作为油门操作检测机构的油门传感器15、以及用于检测驾驶员对制动器踏板16a的制动操作状态的作为制动器操作检测机构的制动器传感器16等各种传感器类。
应予说明,油门传感器15能够检测例如对油门踏板15a的操作速度、以及油门踏板15a的全开或全闭状态等。另外,制动器传感器16能够检测例如对制动器踏板16a的操作速度、以及制动器踏板16a的全开或全闭状态等。
HEV_CU10例如基于来自各种传感器类的信号而计算出针对发动机2和电动发电机4的请求扭矩等,并进行这些发动机2和电动发电机4的综合性的驱动控制。
另外,HEV_CU10通过针对设置于自动变速器3的未图示的各种离合器等的控制,进行行驶模式的切换控制。应予说明,在本实施方式中,HEV_CU10能够将行驶模式切换为单独利用发动机2行驶的EG模式、并用发动机2和电动发电机4行驶的HEV模式、或者单独利用电动发电机4行驶的EV模式中的任一模式。
此外,HEV_CU10能够利用使用了发动机2的发动机制动、基于电动发电机4的再生制动、基于各轮缸8的工作的摩擦制动、或者它们的协调,进行制动力控制等。
在该制动力控制中,HEV_CU10获取目标减速度。即,HEV_CU10例如在滑行行驶时,基于来自油门传感器15的信号(油门开度等)来计算目标减速度。另外,HEV_CU10在例如基于来自制动器传感器16的信号而检测出驾驶员踩下制动器踏板的情况下,基于来自后述的第一制动液压传感器59a、第二制动液压传感器59b等的信号来计算目标减速度。此外,在搭载了未图示的驾驶辅助装置的车辆1中,获取由驾驶辅助装置计算出的用于自动制动控制等的目标减速度。
然后,HEV_CU10根据例如获取到的目标减速度来计算需要制动扭矩。此外,HEV_CU10根据本车辆1的行驶状态等来计算用于将所计算出的需要制动扭矩分配给发动机制动、再生制动、以及摩擦制动的各分配值(发动机制动扭矩、再生制动扭矩、以及摩擦制动扭矩),并且将基于计算出的各分配值的控制信号输出到各控制单元11~14。
ECU11从HEV_CU10接收请求扭矩等控制信息,并且接收来自设置于发动机2的曲轴角传感器等各种传感器类(未图示)的检测信息。然后,ECU11基于这些输入信息,通过控制燃料喷射量、点火时期、以及电子控制式节气门等各种机构来驱动发动机2。
TCU12接收来自HEV_CU10的控制信息,并且接收来自设置于换挡杆的挡位传感器、车速传感器等各种传感器类(未图示)的检测信息。然后,TCU12基于这些输入信息,进行对构成自动变速器3的离合器等各构件施加的液压控制等,控制自动变速器3的变速比。
在此,TCU12在制动时,通过与ECU11协作进行预定的变速控制,从而产生基于发动机制动的制动力(发动机制动扭矩)。
PCU13从HEV_CU10接收请求扭矩等控制信息,并且从变换器13a获取流过电动发电机4的电流值、电压值以及各种传感器信号等。然后,PCU13通过针对变换器13a的控制而将来自电池7的直流电力转换为交流电力,从而驱动电动发电机4。
另外,PCU13在减速行驶时,通过针对变换器13a的控制而使电动发电机4作为发电机而起作用,并且将由电动发电机4再生发电而得的交流电力转换为直流电力而对电池7进行充电。若使电动发电机4作为发电机而起作用,则对各车轮5施加基于再生制动的再生制动力。应予说明,虽然针对驱动轮施加再生制动力,但是由于本实施方式的车辆1是四轮驱动车,所以对全部的车轮5施加再生制动力(再生制动扭矩)。
BCU14接收来自HEV_CU10的控制信息,并且接收来自检测各车轮5的车轮速度的车轮速度传感器17fl、17fr、17rl、17rr(以下,统称为“各车轮速度传感器17”)、前后加速度传感器18等各种传感器类的检测信息。然后,BCU14基于这些输入信息,通过针对制动器促动器6的制动液压控制而对各轮缸8进行驱动控制,在各车轮5产生摩擦制动力(摩擦制动扭矩)。
在此,例如图2所示,制动器促动器6由与制动液压产生部41连接的制动液压流路42而构成主要部分。
制动液压产生部41具有主缸44、安装于主缸44的储存箱45、以及安装于制动器踏板16a与主缸44之间的制动助力器46。在储存箱45中存储有压力介质(油)。另外,制动器踏板16a经由操作杆48与制动助力器46连接设置。
制动液压产生部41的主缸44经由制动液压流路42而与设置于车辆的各车轮5fl、5fr、5rl、5rr的轮缸8fl、8fr、8rl、8rr连通。
该制动液压流路42由第一液压流路52与第二液压流路53这样的双系统的液压通路构成。本实施方式的制动液压流路42是第一液压流路52和第二液压流路53在车辆1的对角方向上交叉地布管而成的交叉布管(X布管)方式。即,在本实施方式的制动液压流路42中,第一液压流路52与配置在车辆1的一个对角方向上的左前轮和右后轮的轮缸8fl、8rr连接,第二液压流路53与配置在车辆1的另一个对角方向上的右前轮和左后轮的轮缸8fr、8rl连接。
应予说明,由于第一液压流路52与第二液压流路53是相同的结构,所以以下适当标注相同的符号而进行简要说明。另外,在对以下的制动液压流路52、53的结构进行说明时,为了方便,以从主缸44向制动钳的轮缸8fl、8fr、8rl、8rr侧的流动为基准,将主缸44侧作为上游并将轮缸8fl、8fr、8rl、8rr侧作为下游而进行说明。
在主缸44设置有第一供排口44a、第二供排口44b,在该各供排口44a、44b连接有构成各液压流路52、53的第一液路L1的上游。另外,第一液路L1的下游与第二液路L2的中途连接。第二液路L2的上游侧与作为蓄压机构的低压蓄压器54连接。
另外,第二液路L2的下游侧分支连接于第三液路L3、第四液路L4。此外,各液路L3、L4的下游与轮缸8fl、8rr(8fr、8rl)连接,该轮缸8fl、8rr(8fr、8rl)使设置于各车轮5fl、5rr(5fr、5rl)的制动钳动作而使各车轮5fl、5rr(5fr、5rl)产生制动力(摩擦制动力)。
另一方面,第五液路L5、第六液路L6的上游与第三液路L3、第四液路L4的中途连接。这些第五液路L5、第六液路L6的下游与第七液路连接,该第七液路L7的下游与低压蓄压器54连接。
在第一液路L1设置有入口阀55,另外,在第二液路L2的比第一液路L1更靠下游的位置安装有液压泵56。此外,第一液压流路52、第二液压流路53的各液压泵56与共同的电动马达57连接。
各液压泵56、56的驱动轴以使各液压泵56、56产生的液压的脉动成为彼此相反的相位的方式与马达57连接。基于从BCU14输入的控制信号(制动液压指示值)来驱动控制马达57。在该情况下,基本上,马达57在需要较大的制动力(制动液压)的从高速行驶开始的制动时以高速被驱动,在不需要那么大的制动力(制动液压)的从低速行驶开始的制动时以低速被驱动。
另外,入口阀55的上游侧的第一液路L1与液压泵56的下游侧的第二液路L2经由第八液路L8而旁通连接,在该第八液路L8安装有旁通阀58。此外,在第二液路L2的比第八液路L8更靠下游的位置安装有第一制动液压传感器59a(第二制动液压传感器59b)。该制动液压传感器59a(59b)是例如检测作用于第二液路L2的制动液的液压的液压传感器等。此外,在第三液路L3、第四液路L4安装有加压阀60、61,在第五液路L5、第六液路L6安装有减压阀62、63。
这些各阀55、58、60~63是例如电磁阀,根据来自BCU14的驱动信号来进行切换动作。应予说明,在本实施方式中,例如,旁通阀58和加压阀60、61由常开的电磁阀构成,入口阀55和减压阀62、63由常闭的电磁阀构成。
BCU14通过电动马达57以及各阀55、58、60~63等的控制,对这样的制动器促动器6进行各种制动控制。
即,基本上,BCU14使电动马达57停止,并且使入口阀55闭阀,使旁通阀58开阀。由此,根据驾驶员对制动器踏板16a的踩踏量而直接向各轮缸8供给由主缸44产生的制动液压。
另外,例如,在具备未图示的驾驶辅助装置的车辆1中,若通过驾驶辅助装置来设定用于自动制动控制等的目标减速度,则BCU14驱动电动马达57。此外,BCU14将入口阀55开阀,并且将旁通阀58闭阀。由此,在主缸44中被加压的压力介质、或者从储存箱45直接供给的压力介质在经由液压泵56被加压到预定的制动液压后,从第二液路L2被供给到第三液路L3、第四液路L4。
另外,BCU14根据需要对加压阀60、61和减压阀62、63进行驱动控制,进行向各轮缸8供给的制动液压的分配控制和/或减压控制。由此,实现了ABS(Anti-lock Brake System:防抱死制动系统)控制和/或防侧滑控制等。
此外,在使摩擦制动与再生制动和发动机制动等协作的制动力控制时,BCU14利用针对减压阀62、63和电动马达57等的驱动控制,使制动液压减压。由此,摩擦制动力被控制为与在HEV_CU10中计算出的需要制动扭矩的扭矩分配值相对应的制动力。
然而,在协调这样的各制动器的制动力控制时,在再生制动中产生了异常时,BCU14在直到通过PCU13从制动力控制中断开再生制动为止的期间,一直进行使用了摩擦制动的制动力补偿。
例如,在仅在再生制动中检测出异常的情况下,或者在再生制动中检测出异常且在动力单元PU的控制系统中检测出异常的情况下,BCU14进行第一制动力补偿控制。在该第一制动力补偿控制中,BCU14将检测出再生制动的异常时(更具体而言,即将检测出再生制动的异常之前)的减速度设定为目标减速度,通过进行使用了摩擦制动的反馈控制,对设定了的目标减速度进行制动力补偿。
应予说明,再生制动的异常是指例如再生制动被切断的情况(不产生基于再生制动的制动力的情况)等。例如在PCU13中判定该再生制动的异常。即,PCU13在例如尽管正在进行再生制动控制却在电动发电机4中没有进行预定的再生发电的情况下,判定再生制动的异常。
另外,动力单元PU的控制系统的异常是指例如通过ECU11和TCU12等中的公知的异常诊断而检测出动力单元PU的传感器系统的异常、或者促动器系统的异常的情况。
此外,至少在再生制动中检测出异常且检测出制动系统的传感器异常的情况下,BCU14进行第二制动力补偿控制。在该第二制动力补偿控制中,BCU14通过基于预先设定的制动液压的制动力而进行制动力补偿。在此,至少在再生制动中检测出异常且检测出制动系统的传感器异常的情况中还包括例如在再生制动中检测出异常、在动力单元PU的控制系统中检测出异常且检测出制动系统的传感器异常的情况等。
应予说明,制动系统的传感器异常是指例如通过BCU14中的公知的异常诊断,而在各车轮速度传感器17和/或加速度传感器18等不输出传感器值的情况、或者输出异常的传感器值的情况等。
由此,在本实施方式中,HEV_CU10与ECU11、TCU12、PCU13以及BCU14一起实现作为制动力控制机构的功能。另外,ECU11和TCU12等实现作为动力单元异常检测机构的功能。另外,PCU13实现作为再生制动异常检测机构、以及再生停止机构的功能。另外,BCU14实现作为制动力补偿机构、以及制动系统传感器异常检测机构的功能。
接下来,根据图3所示的制动扭矩分配控制程序的流程图,对针对各制动(再生制动、发动机制动以及摩擦制动)的制动扭矩分配控制进行说明。在HEV_CU10中每隔设定时间就反复执行该程序。
若程序开始,则HEV_CU10在步骤S101中调查是否有减速请求。即,例如在基于来自油门传感器15的信号而检测出油门踏板15a的释放状态时,HEV_CU10判定为正在做出基于滑行行驶的减速请求。或者,例如在基于来自制动器传感器16的信号而检测出制动器踏板16a的踩踏状态时,HEV_CU10判定为正在做出减速请求。或者,例如在从未图示的驾驶辅助装置输入了目标减速度时,HEV_CU10判定为正在做出减速请求。
然后,在步骤S101中,在判定为没有减速请求的情况下,HEV_CU10直接退出程序。
另一方面,若从步骤S101进入步骤S102,则HEV_CU10获取目标减速度。即,HEV_CU10在例如滑行行驶时,基于来自油门传感器15的信号(油门开度等)和/或车速等来计算目标减速度。另外,例如在基于来自制动器传感器16的信号而检测出驾驶员踩踏制动器踏板的情况下,HEV_CU10基于来自第一制动液压传感器59a、第二制动液压传感器59b等的信号来计算目标减速度。此外,在搭载了未图示的驾驶辅助装置的车辆1中,获取由驾驶辅助装置计算出的用于自动制动控制等的目标减速度。
在接下来的步骤S103中,HEV_CU10基于当前的目标减速度来计算需要制动扭矩。然后,HEV_CU10计算出各制动扭矩分配值,该各制动扭矩分配值用于根据本车辆1的行驶状态等而将计算出的需要制动扭矩分配给再生制动、发动机制动以及摩擦制动。
然后,若从步骤S103进入步骤S104,则在将计算出的制动扭矩分配值作为控制信息而输出到相应的控制单元之后,退出程序。
即,例如,在计算出针对再生制动的制动扭矩分配值的情况下,HEV_CU10将该制动扭矩分配值作为控制信息而向PCU13输出。由此,在电动发电机4中进行用于进行再生发电的磁场控制等,产生与制动扭矩分配值相对应的再生制动力。应予说明,在后述的再生禁止标记F被设定为“1”的情况下,再生制动被禁止。因此,在再生禁止标记F被设定为“1”的情况下,在上述步骤S103中,从制动扭矩分配值的计算对象去除再生制动。
另外,例如,在计算出针对发动机制动的制动扭矩分配值的情况下,HEV_CU10将该制动扭矩分配值作为控制信息而向ECU11和TCU12输出。由此,对发动机2的输出扭矩和自动变速器3的变速比进行控制,产生与制动扭矩分配值相对应的发动机制动力。
另外,例如,在计算出针对摩擦制动的制动扭矩分配值的情况下,HEV_CU10将该制动扭矩分配值作为控制信息而向BCU14输出。由此,进行制动器促动器6中的制动液压控制,产生与制动扭矩分配值相对应的摩擦制动力。
接下来,根据图4所示的断开控制程序的流程图,对再生制动异常时的再生制动断开控制进行说明。该断开控制是在上述制动控制(制动扭矩分配控制)时,在检测出再生制动的异常时,用于从制动控制中断开再生制动的控制。在PCU13中每隔设定时间反复执行该程序。
若程序开始,则PCU13在步骤S201中,调查再生禁止标记F是否被设定为“1”。
然后,在步骤S201中,在判定为再生禁止标记F被设定为“1”的情况下,PCU13直接退出程序。
另一方面,在步骤S201中,在判定为再生禁止标记F被清除为“0”的情况下,PCU13进入步骤S202,调查是否检测出再生制动的异常。
然后,在步骤S202中,在判定为没有检测出再生制动的异常的情况下,PCU13直接退出程序。
另一方面,在步骤S202中,在判定为检测出再生制动的异常的情况下,PCU13进入步骤S203,调查当前是否处于再生制动控制中。
然后,在步骤S203中,在判定为没有处于再生制动控制中的情况下,PCU13进入步骤S206。
另一方面,在步骤S203中,在判定为处于再生制动控制中的情况下,PCU13进入步骤S204,执行从制动力控制中断开再生制动。即,PCU13例如解除用于针对电动发电机4的再生发电的磁场控制,并且通过未图示的离合器控制等,解除电动发电机4相对于自动变速器3的输出轴的连接。
若从步骤S204进入步骤S205,则PCU13调查再生制动的断开是否结束。
然后,在步骤S205中,在判定为再生制动的断开没有结束的情况下,PCU13返回步骤S204。
另一方面,在步骤S205中,在判定为再生制动的断开结束的情况下,PCU13进入步骤S206。
若从步骤S203或步骤S205进入步骤S206,则PCU13在将禁止再生制动的再生禁止标记F设定为“1”之后,退出程序。
接下来,根据图5所示的制动力补偿控制程序的流程图,对再生制动异常时的制动力补偿控制进行说明。在BCU14中每隔设定时间反复执行该程序。
若程序开始,则BCU14在步骤S301中,调查再生禁止标记F是否被设定为“1”。
然后,在步骤S301中,在判定为禁止标记F被设定为“1”的情况下,BCU14直接退出程序。
另一方面,在步骤S301中,在判定为禁止标记F被清除为“0”的情况下,BCU14进入步骤S302,调查在PCU13中是否检测出再生制动的异常。
然后,在步骤S302中,在判定为没有检测出再生制动的异常的情况下,BCU14直接退出程序。
另一方面,在步骤S302中,在判定为检测出再生制动的异常的情况下,BCU14调查是否检测出控制系统的传感器异常。
然后,在步骤S303中,在判定为检测出制动系统的传感器异常的情况下,BCU14进入步骤S305。
另一方面,在判定为没有检测出制动系统的传感器异常的情况下,BCU14进入步骤S304,执行第一制动力补偿控制。
该第一制动力补偿控制根据例如图6所示的第一制动力补偿控制的子程序来执行。
若子程序开始,则BCU14在步骤S401中,调查是否处于再生制动刚刚因异常而被切断之后。
然后,在步骤S401中,在判定为不处于再生制动刚刚切断之后的情况下,BCU14进入步骤S404。
另一方面,在步骤S401中,在判定为处于再生制动刚刚切断之后的情况下,BCU14进入步骤S402,将产生再生制动的异常时(即将切断再生制动之前)的减速度保存为目标减速度。
在接下来的步骤S403中,BCU14在基于目标减速度与当前的本车辆1的减速度(例如,在前后加速度传感器18中检测出的减速度)而计算出为了通过摩擦制动产生目标减速度所需的制动液压作为目标制动液压后,进入步骤S406。
另外,若从步骤S401进入步骤S404,则BCU14基于在步骤S402中设定的目标减速度、以及当前的本车辆1的减速度(例如,在前后加速度传感器18中检测出的减速度),计算出针对目标制动液压的反馈校正量。
然后,在步骤S405中,在BCU14基于反馈校正量而校正了目标制动液压之后,进入步骤S406。
若从步骤S403或步骤S405进入步骤S406,则在BCU14使用目标制动液压进行了针对制动器促动器6的制动液压控制之后,退出子程序。
另外,在图5的主程序中,若从步骤S303进入步骤S305,则在BCU14进行了第二制动力补偿控制之后,进入步骤S306。
该第二制动力补偿控制根据例如图7所示的第二制动力补偿控制的子程序来执行。
若子程序开始,则BCU14在步骤S501中调查产生再生制动的异常时(即将切断再生制动之前)的制动液压是否为预先设定的阈值以上。
然后,在步骤S501中,在判定为产生再生制动的异常时的制动液压小于阈值的情况下,BCU14直接退出子程序。
另一方面,在步骤S501中,在判定为产生再生制动的异常时的制动液压为阈值以上的情况下,BCU14进入步骤S502,在使用预先设定的恒定制动液压进行了针对制动器促动器6的制动液压控制之后,退出子程序。
在图5的主程序中,若从步骤S304或步骤S305进入步骤S306,则BCU14调查再生制动相对于制动力控制的断开是否结束。
然后,在步骤S306中,在判定为再生制动的断开没有结束的情况下,BCU14返回到步骤S302。
另一方面,在步骤S306中,在判定为再生制动的断开结束的情况下,BCU14退出程序。
根据这样的实施方式,在协调使用发动机制动、再生制动、以及摩擦制动的制动控制时,BCU14在检测出再生制动的异常时,将检测出再生制动的异常时的减速度设定为目标减速度,利用针对目标减速度的反馈控制进行基于摩擦制动的制动力补偿,从而在产生了复合性的异常的情况下也能够进行适当的制动。
即,即使在再生制动中产生了异常的情况下,或者在再生制动中产生了异常且不能将动力单元PU的控制系统的控制信息用于制动控制的情况下,也能够利用仅使用了BCU14能够获取的传感器信息的反馈控制来进行制动力补偿,从而在直到从制动力控制中断开再生制动为止的期间也一直防止作为车辆1整体的制动力的暂时性的降低。因此,能够可靠地防止制动距离的增加等而能够确保安全性。除此以外,在直到从制动力控制中断开再生制动为止的期间都一直进行针对检测出再生制动的异常时的减速度的反馈控制,因此也能够防止因减速度的急剧的增加而给乘员带来不适感。
另外,至少在检测出再生制动的异常且检测出制动系统的传感器异常时,BCU14通过进行使用了预先设定的恒定制动液压的制动力补偿来代替基于反馈控制的制动力补偿,从而针对更加复合性的异常,也能够进行制动力补偿。
在该情况下,在检测出再生制动的异常时的制动液压小于预先设定的阈值时,不进行基于恒定制动液压的制动力补偿,从而能够防止产生过剩的制动力。
在此,在上述实施方式中,HEV_CU10、ECU11、TCU12、PCU13以及BCU14等由具备CPU、RAM、ROM、非易失性存储部等的公知的微型计算机及其周边机构而构成,在ROM中预先存储有由CPU执行的程序和/或数据表等固定数据等。应予说明,处理器的全部功能或一部分功能可以由逻辑电路或模拟电路构成,另外,也可以通过FPGA等电子电路来实现各种程序的处理。
以上的实施方式所记载的发明不限于这些方式,此外,能够在实施阶段在不脱离其主旨的范围内可以实施各种变形。
例如,在即使从各方式所示的全部构成要件中删除几个构成要件也能够解决所述课题并得到所述效果的情况下,删除了该构成要件后的构成可以作为发明而进行提取。

Claims (3)

1.一种混合动力车辆的制动控制装置,其特征在于,具备发动机与电动发电机作为动力单元的驱动源,
所述混合动力车辆的制动控制装置具备:
制动力控制机构,其协调使用了所述发动机的发动机制动、使用了所述电动发电机的再生制动、以及使用了摩擦接合构件的摩擦制动而进行制动力控制;
再生制动异常检测机构,其检测所述再生制动的异常;
再生停止机构,其在检测出所述再生制动的异常时,从所述制动力控制中断开所述再生制动而使所述再生制动的工作停止;以及
制动力补偿机构,其在从检测出所述再生制动的异常起到从所述制动力控制中断开所述再生制动为止的期间,进行使用了所述摩擦制动的制动力补偿,
所述制动力补偿机构利用针对检测出所述再生制动的异常时的减速度的反馈控制,进行所述制动力补偿。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆的制动控制装置,其特征在于,
所述混合动力车辆的制动控制装置具备检测制动系统的传感器异常的制动系统传感器异常检测机构,
所述制动力补偿机构至少在检测出所述再生制动的异常且检测出所述制动系统的传感器异常时,利用预先设定的恒定制动液压对所述摩擦制动进行所述制动力补偿来代替基于所述反馈控制的所述制动力补偿。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆的制动控制装置,其特征在于,
所述混合动力车辆的制动控制装置还具备检测所述动力单元的控制系统的异常的第三异常检测部,
所述制动力补偿机构即使在检测出所述再生制动的异常,并检测出所述动力单元的控制系统的异常且检测出所述制动系统的传感器异常的情况下,在检测出所述再生制动的异常时的制动液压小于预先设定的阈值时,也不进行基于所述恒定制动液压的所述制动力补偿。
CN202210485631.1A 2021-05-28 2022-05-06 混合动力车辆的制动控制装置 Pending CN115402286A (zh)

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