CN115397088A - Mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and radiation device - Google Patents
Mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and radiation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115397088A CN115397088A CN202211034960.0A CN202211034960A CN115397088A CN 115397088 A CN115397088 A CN 115397088A CN 202211034960 A CN202211034960 A CN 202211034960A CN 115397088 A CN115397088 A CN 115397088A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/08—Arrangements for injecting particles into orbits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20009—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a gaseous coolant in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20136—Forced ventilation, e.g. by fans
- H05K7/20145—Means for directing air flow, e.g. ducts, deflectors, plenum or guides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20272—Accessories for moving fluid, for expanding fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid, for removing gas or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20281—Thermal management, e.g. liquid flow control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/08—Arrangements for injecting particles into orbits
- H05H2007/081—Sources
- H05H2007/082—Ion sources, e.g. ECR, duoplasmatron, PIG, laser sources
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and radiation device, including: the laser plasma accelerating component is arranged in the laser chamber and used for generating specific particle beams and/or radiation; the air conditioning component is used for controlling the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness in the laser room; the water cooling assembly is used for controlling the temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly when the laser plasma accelerating assembly is started. According to portable laser drive particle accelerator and radiation device of this disclosed embodiment, temperature, humidity and the cleanliness factor in the accessible air conditioner subassembly control laser chamber to the temperature of accessible water cooling subassembly control laser plasma acceleration subassembly further promotes the temperature control precision of laser plasma acceleration subassembly, makes the laser plasma acceleration subassembly can the steady operation, reduces the probability of damage, promotes the quality of particle beam and radiation source.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of particle acceleration technologies, and in particular, to a mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and a radiation device.
Background
The laser plasma accelerator is an important application of an ultrafast and ultrastrong laser technology for the Nobel physical prize in 2018 as a novel subversive accelerator technology. The plasma tail field with acceleration gradient (more than 3 magnitude orders of the traditional accelerator) of more than 100GV/m is driven in the plasma by ultrafast ultrastrong laser pulse to accelerate electrons, and the energy gain of over hundred MeV can be obtained in millimeter scale. Therefore, the scale and the cost of a large scientific device can be greatly reduced, and the method has great development potential in the aspects of scientific research and industrial application.
The normal and stable operation of the laser plasma accelerator requires a clean environment with constant temperature and humidity: the cleanliness is not lower than the standard of a ten thousand-level clean room, the temperature control precision is not more than +/-1 ℃, and the humidity control precision is not more than +/-5%. The control difficulty for the above environmental conditions is high. In the related art, a clean room for a laser plasma accelerator is usually built in a large-scale closed space such as a laboratory building and a factory building, which results in that the overall system scale of the laser plasma accelerator is large and cannot be moved integrally, so that the application scene of the laser plasma accelerator is greatly limited, and the application of the laser plasma accelerator and a particle source and a ray source driven by the laser plasma accelerator is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure provides a mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and a radiation device.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and irradiation apparatus, including: the device comprises a box body, a laser plasma accelerating assembly, an air conditioning assembly and a water cooling assembly; the box body comprises a laser chamber; the laser plasma accelerating component is arranged in the laser chamber and used for generating specific particle beams and/or radiation; the air conditioning assembly is used for controlling the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the laser chamber, and comprises an air supply outlet and an air return inlet which are positioned in the laser chamber; the water cooling assembly is used for controlling the temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly under the condition that the laser plasma accelerating assembly is started.
In a possible implementation manner, the box body comprises an equipment room, the equipment room is isolated from the laser room, the air conditioning assembly comprises an air conditioning inner unit, and the air conditioning inner unit is located in the equipment room and used for controlling the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the laser room.
In a possible implementation manner, the air supply outlet is positioned at the top of the laser chamber, and the air return outlet is positioned at the bottom of the laser chamber.
In one possible implementation, the case includes a radiation-proof interlayer.
In a possible implementation manner, the inside of the box body comprises an environment monitoring component for monitoring temperature, humidity and cleanliness, a radiation monitoring component for monitoring radiation dosage and an operation monitoring component for monitoring the operation state of the laser plasma acceleration component.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes: and the interlocking control part is used for enabling the laser plasma accelerating assembly to be started after the internal environment of the box body meets the preset conditions and the preset function mode is set.
In a possible implementation manner, the water cooling assembly comprises a water cooling unit, a water cooling plate and a water cooling pipeline, the box body comprises an equipment room, the water cooling unit is located in the equipment room, and the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline are connected with the water cooling unit; the water cooling unit is used for controlling the temperature of the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline so as to control the temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly; the water cooling plate is used for bearing the laser plasma acceleration assembly and controlling the temperature of a supporting bottom plate of the laser plasma acceleration assembly; the water cooling pipeline sets up around the part that generates heat in the laser plasma acceleration subassembly, is used for control the temperature of the part that generates heat in the laser plasma acceleration subassembly, the part that generates heat is including the optical element that can produce heat, can produce thermal vacuum element and can produce thermal other components, the optical element that can produce heat includes laser plasma and accelerates laser crystal, grating in the subassembly, the vacuum element that can produce heat includes mechanical dry pump, molecular pump, other components that can produce heat block diaphragm, laser garbage bin including radiation conversion target, laser beam.
In a possible implementation manner, before the laser plasma acceleration component is started, the water chiller is started, so that the water chiller controls the temperature of the laser plasma acceleration component under the condition that the laser plasma acceleration component is started.
In one possible implementation, the laser plasma acceleration assembly includes: the laser pulse generation component is used for generating laser pulses; the laser compression component is used for compressing the pulse width of the laser pulse; the focusing component is used for focusing laser pulses on the gas target to generate the electron beam; the laser compression component, the focusing component and the gas target are positioned in the vacuum component; the vacuum component is provided with a two-stage differential vacuum structure, so that the laser compression component and the focusing component are in a high vacuum degree environment.
In one possible implementation, the laser plasma accelerating assembly further comprises a metal target, the laser plasma accelerating assembly further configured to generate radiation; wherein the electron beam acts on the metal target to generate the radiation.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a drying component disposed in the laser pulse generating component of the laser plasma accelerating component, the drying component being configured to control a humidity of the laser plasma accelerating component.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a handling assembly including at least one of a bail, a forklift aperture.
According to portable laser drive particle accelerator and radiation device of embodiment of this disclosure, the indoor temperature of accessible air conditioner subassembly control laser, humidity and cleanliness factor, promote the temperature, the control accuracy of humidity and cleanliness factor, and the whole temperature of accessible water cooling subassembly accurate control laser plasma acceleration subassembly, and the temperature of the part that generates heat that can produce heat, further promote the temperature control accuracy of laser plasma acceleration subassembly, make laser plasma acceleration subassembly can the steady operation, reduce the probability of damage, promote particle beam and radiation source quality. Furthermore, the laser plasma accelerating assembly, the air conditioning assembly and the water cooling assembly can be integrated in the box body, so that the environmental condition in the box body can be conveniently controlled, the box body can be conveniently moved integrally, and the application fields of the movable laser driving particle accelerator and the radiation device are expanded.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. Other features and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure;
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a mobile laser driven particle accelerator and irradiation device according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIGS. 2A and 2B show schematic views of a supply air opening and a return air opening according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a laser plasma acceleration assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams illustrating application of a mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and irradiation apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the term "at least one" herein means any one of a plurality or any combination of at least two of a plurality, for example, including at least one of a, B, and C, and may mean including any one or more elements selected from the group consisting of a, B, and C.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be practiced without some of these specific details. In some instances, methods, means, elements and circuits that are well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the subject matter of the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and irradiation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a box body 14, a laser plasma accelerating assembly 11, an air conditioning assembly 12 and a water cooling assembly 13; the box body comprises a laser chamber; the laser plasma accelerating component is arranged in the laser chamber and used for generating specific particle beams and/or radiation; the air conditioning assembly is used for controlling the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the laser chamber, and comprises an air supply outlet and an air return inlet which are positioned in the laser chamber; the water cooling assembly is used for controlling the temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly under the condition that the laser plasma accelerating assembly is started.
According to portable laser drive particle accelerator and irradiation device of embodiment of this disclosure, the indoor temperature of accessible air conditioner subassembly control laser, humidity and cleanliness factor, promote the temperature, the control accuracy of humidity and cleanliness factor, and the whole temperature of accessible water cooling module control laser plasma acceleration subassembly, and the temperature of the part that generates heat that can produce heat, further promote the temperature control accuracy of laser plasma acceleration subassembly, make laser plasma acceleration subassembly can the steady operation, reduce the probability of damage, promote particle beam and radiation source quality. Furthermore, the laser plasma accelerating assembly, the air conditioning assembly and the water cooling assembly can be integrated in the box body, so that the environmental condition in the box body can be conveniently controlled, the box body can be conveniently moved integrally, and the application fields of the movable laser driving particle accelerator and the radiation device are expanded.
In a possible implementation manner, in order to control indexes such as temperature, humidity, and cleanliness of an environment where the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 is located, and in order to enable the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 to be convenient to move and expand an application scenario thereof, the laser plasma acceleration assembly may be disposed in the box 14, the box 14 may be a sealed box, and the temperature, humidity, and cleanliness inside the box 14 may all be independently controlled through the air conditioning assembly 12, the water cooling assembly 13, and the like in the mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and radiation device, and are kept independent from the outside, so that indexes such as temperature, humidity, and cleanliness in a small space range in the box 14 are conveniently controlled, thereby reducing the probability of damage to components in the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11, and simultaneously improving the quality of generated particle beams and radiation sources. Moreover, the box body 14 can be a container type structure, so that the box body 14 can be conveniently moved integrally, the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 can be moved, and the application is not limited to the environment such as a laboratory and a factory building, and the application scene of the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 can be expanded.
In one possible implementation, the housing 14 may be a container-type structure. In an example, the dimensions of the box may be 7450 mm x 2450 mm x 2800 mm (length x width x height). The bottom of the box body and the bottom beam are made of standard channel steel in a welded mode, a bottom plate is laid on the bottom support, and the bottom plate can be a color steel plate with the thickness of 10 mm. Or, in the example, the bottom plate of the box body can be a marble plate, the marble plate can be laid on the bottom support, the marble plate has low thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, so that the indoor temperature of the laser room is not easily influenced by the change of the external temperature, the mechanical deformation of the marble plate caused by the temperature change of the external environment is small, the stability of the bottom plate of the box body is ensured, and the stability of the laser component is improved. In an example, the floor may further include a PVC antistatic floor. The bearing stress of the bottom plate can be analyzed, and a special structural design is carried out, so that the bearing of the bottom structure can reach more than 10 tons, and the stability of the laser plasma accelerating assembly fixed on the bottom structure can be ensured. Moreover, the top and the side walls of the box 14 may also be made of color steel plate structures, for example, a double-layer color steel plate structure may be used, and polymer heat insulation materials may be filled between the double-layer color steel plate structures, so that the box 14 is isolated from the inside and the outside. The present disclosure is not limited to the particular size, configuration, and materials of construction of the housing.
In a possible implementation manner, in order to improve the mobility of the box 14 and expand the application scene of the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11, the device further comprises a loading and unloading assembly, and the loading and unloading assembly comprises at least one of a lifting ring and a forklift hole. In an example, the handling assembly may include a hanging ring disposed on the top of the box 14, for example, the hanging ring is mounted on each of four corners of the top of the box to facilitate the hoisting of the box 14, so that the box 14 can move along with the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11. In another example, the bottom of the tank 14 may be provided with forklift holes, e.g., two forklift holes, to facilitate the forklift handling of the tank 14 so that the tank 14 may be moved with the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11. In an example, the bottom of the tank 14 may have a reinforced load beam to stabilize the tank bottom while the tank 14 is moved. In addition, in order to ensure the stability of the laser plasma accelerating assembly in the transportation process, a fixing device for fixing the laser plasma accelerating assembly can be arranged in the box body.
In a possible implementation manner, the box body further comprises a mounting door which can be used for facilitating the movement and mounting of the laser plasma accelerating assembly, the air conditioning assembly, the water cooling assembly and the like. And in addition, a navigation hoisting device can be further installed in the box body and used for hoisting each part of the laser plasma accelerating assembly, so that the laser plasma accelerating assembly can be conveniently installed and disassembled.
In one possible implementation, the case includes a radiation-proof interlayer. For example, the outer protective plate of the box body can be provided with a radiation-proof interlayer, so that the laser plasma accelerating assembly can be prevented from being damaged by radiation of the surrounding environment, the laser plasma accelerating assembly can be prevented from generating influence on the surrounding environment by the radiation generated by the laser plasma accelerating assembly, and the safety of the surrounding environment can be protected.
In a possible implementation manner, the box body comprises an equipment room, the equipment room is isolated from the laser room (the isolation used guard plate can also be provided with the radiation-proof interlayer), the air conditioner component comprises an air conditioner internal unit, and the air conditioner internal unit is located in the equipment room and used for controlling the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the laser room. As described above, the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 has high requirements on the temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the environment, a laser chamber may be separately provided in the box 14 for the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11, and is used for placing the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11, and may be separated from the installation positions of the air conditioning assembly 12 (for example, a high-precision variable frequency air conditioner type) and the water cooling assembly 13 for controlling the temperature, humidity and cleanliness, for example, an equipment chamber separated from the laser chamber may be provided in the box to place the water cooling assembly 13 and the air conditioning assembly 12, and of course, the water cooling assembly 13 and the air conditioning assembly 12 may also be placed outside the box 14, for example, on the outer wall of the box 14, and in the laser chamber, only a water cooling plate for regulating and controlling the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 in the water cooling assembly 13, and an air supply outlet, an air return outlet, and the like of the air conditioning assembly 12 for regulating and controlling the temperature, humidity and cleanliness in the laser chamber are reserved, so that the heat dissipation equivalent of the air conditioning assembly 12 and the water cooling assembly 13 itself affects the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11. The present disclosure does not limit the specific locations of the air conditioning assembly 12 and the water cooling assembly 13.
In an example, at least a portion of the air conditioning assembly 12 may be located within an equipment room, for example, an in-air conditioning unit for controlling the cleanliness of a laser room may be located within the equipment room, and the in-air conditioning unit may be used for controlling the cleanliness of the laser room, for example, to achieve a level of ten thousand. The unit in the air conditioner can comprise air purification components, such as a filter element, a filter plate and the like, and the structure of the unit in the air conditioner is not limited by the disclosure.
In an example, the cabinet may include an air shower to reduce contamination issues when entering and exiting a clean room (e.g., a laser room), improving the cleanliness of the laser room.
In a possible implementation manner, since the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 is sensitive to the temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the environment, the fluctuation of the temperature may cause mechanical deformation of the laser element, cause the jitter of the beam position and the deterioration of the beam quality, affect the operation stability, cause the optical material to deliquesce or generate water mist on the surface due to too high humidity, and have a risk of generating static electricity due to too low humidity, and therefore, the performance of the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 may be affected or even cause element damage due to too high or too low humidity. In order to control the temperature, humidity and cleanliness of the environment where the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 is located, the temperature, humidity and cleanliness can be controlled by the air conditioning assembly 12 and the water cooling assembly 13, so that the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 is controlled to be located in a proper environment, the probability of damage to the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 is reduced, and the quality of generated particle beams and radiation sources is improved.
In a possible implementation manner, in order to control the humidity of the laser chamber, the humidity of the laser chamber may be controlled by the air conditioning assembly 12, and the air conditioning inner unit of the air conditioning assembly 12 may further be used to control the humidity of the laser chamber, and in an example, the air conditioning inner unit may further include a humidifying component and/or a drying component, so that the humidity in the laser chamber reaches a humidity control accuracy of ± 5%. Further, the air conditioning assembly 12 may include an air supply outlet and an air return inlet which are disposed in the laser chamber, and the air conditioning assembly of the air conditioning assembly 12 is connected to the air conditioning assembly through a pipeline, and the air conditioning assembly may extract air in the laser chamber into the air conditioning assembly through the air supply outlet and the air return inlet to filter moisture so as to reduce humidity of the air in the laser chamber, or increase moisture in the air so as to improve humidity of the air in the laser chamber. Furthermore, a high-precision humidity sensor can be arranged at the air supply opening and/or the air return opening, so that the humidity of the air in the laser room is detected, the detected humidity is used as a feedback signal, and the environment humidity of the laser room is subjected to closed-loop control. For example, if the humidity in the laser chamber is detected to be low, the humidity of the air in the laser chamber may be increased by the humidifying part, and if the humidity in the laser chamber is detected to be too high, the humidity of the air in the laser chamber may be decreased by the drying part. The present disclosure does not limit the specific values of the configuration and control accuracy of the units in the air conditioner.
In one possible implementation, to control the temperature of the laser room, the air conditioning assembly 12 may include an external air conditioning unit that may be disposed outside the cabinet 14 for controlling the temperature of the air in the laser room. In an example, the air conditioning external unit may include an air conditioning compressor, which may be used to control the temperature of the laser indoor air. The air supply outlet and the air return inlet of the air conditioning assembly 12 can be connected with an air conditioning internal unit of the air conditioning assembly 12 through pipelines so as to input high-temperature air or low-temperature air into the laser room, thereby controlling the temperature of the air in the laser room and forming air circulation. Furthermore, a high-precision temperature sensor can be arranged at the air supply outlet and/or the air return outlet, so that the temperature of the air in the laser room is detected, the detected temperature is used as a feedback signal, and the environment temperature of the laser room is controlled in a closed loop mode. For example, the temperature of the air in the laser room may be increased if a low temperature is detected in the laser room, and decreased if an excessive temperature is detected in the laser room. Thus, closed-loop control of the temperature in the laser chamber can be achieved, for example, a temperature control accuracy of ± 0.5 ℃ can be achieved. The specific numerical values of the structure and the control precision of the air conditioner external unit are not limited in the disclosure.
In one possible implementation, as described above, the air conditioning assembly 12 may include a supply air outlet and a return air outlet disposed in the laser chamber, wherein the supply air outlet is located at the top of the laser chamber and the return air outlet is located at the bottom of the laser chamber to keep the temperature and humidity of the air in the laser chamber uniform.
Fig. 2A and 2B show schematic views of a supply air vent and a return air vent according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may be located at the top of the laser chamber, e.g., at a top center position, as shown in fig. 2A. In addition, an air supply outlet can be arranged at the top of the equipment room (for example, the center position of the top), so that the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness in the equipment room can be adjusted, and the control of the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the whole box body can be kept at high precision.
In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 2B, the air return opening may be located at the bottom of the laser chamber, for example, at the bottom corner position, so that air input from the top supply air opening can be returned through the air return opening at the bottom corner position after circulating in the laser chamber, so that the temperature and humidity in the laser chamber are uniform, and the control accuracy of the temperature and humidity can reach a high level. Further, an air return opening can be arranged at the bottom (such as the corner position of the bottom) of the equipment room, so that the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness in the equipment room can be adjusted, and the control of the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the whole box body can be kept at high precision.
In a possible implementation, filters may be installed at the air supply and/or air return openings, so that the cleanliness of the whole box body is kept at a high level, for example, reaching or exceeding the standard of a ten thousand class clean room.
In a possible implementation manner, the air conditioning assembly 12 may be kept in an open state, that is, the air conditioning assembly 12 is kept in a normally open state regardless of whether the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 is started, so that the control time of the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness in the box body is kept at a high level, and the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 can be started at any time in a suitable environment.
In one possible implementation, laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 may itself generate a significant amount of heat after it is activated. For example, the laser pulse generation component in the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 may include a pump source, and may further include a vacuum pump that places some components of the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 in a vacuum environment. The pump source and the vacuum pump may both generate heat, and the heat generated thereby may have an effect on the temperature and/or humidity of the surrounding area, and the heat generated thereby may have a more direct effect on its components. In order to improve the temperature control accuracy of the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11, the temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 can be controlled more accurately by the water cooling assembly 13 under the condition that the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 is started, for example, the temperature control accuracy of the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 reaches ± 0.1 ℃. The present disclosure does not limit the specific numerical value of the temperature control accuracy of the water cooling module 13.
In a possible implementation manner, the water cooling assembly comprises a water cooling unit, a water cooling plate and a water cooling pipeline, the box body comprises an equipment room, the water cooling unit is located in the equipment room, and the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline are connected with the water cooling unit; the water cooling unit is used for controlling the temperature of the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline so as to control the temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly; the water cooling plate is used for bearing the laser plasma acceleration assembly and controlling the temperature of a supporting bottom plate of the laser plasma acceleration assembly; the water-cooling pipeline sets up around the part that generates heat in the laser plasma acceleration subassembly for control the temperature of the part that generates heat in the laser plasma acceleration subassembly, the part that generates heat is including optical element that can produce heat, the vacuum element that can produce heat and other elements that can produce heat, the optical element that can produce heat includes laser plasma and accelerates laser crystal, grating in the subassembly, the vacuum element that can produce heat includes mechanical dry pump, molecular pump, other elements that can produce heat include radiation conversion target, laser beam stop diaphragm, laser garbage bin.
In a possible implementation manner, the water chiller unit is located in the equipment room to reduce the influence of heat emitted by the water chiller unit and heat brought out by the water chiller plate in circulation on the environment in the laser room. The water cooling unit can be used for controlling the temperature of the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipe, for example, when the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 generates heat, for example, the laser crystal (e.g., including titanium sapphire or YAG), grating, mechanical dry pump, molecular pump, etc. inside the laser plasma accelerating assembly generates heat, so that when the temperature of the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipe surrounding the heat generating component rises, the water cooling unit can reduce the temperature of the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipe, for example, by using water circulation, the heat generated by the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 is taken out, and the liquid such as water inside the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipe is cooled, so that the temperature is reduced, and a higher temperature control precision is realized.
In a possible implementation manner, the water cooling plate may be an aluminum water cooling plate with a refrigeration water channel, the water cooling plate may be connected to the water cooling unit through a pipeline, and the water cooling plate may bear the laser plasma acceleration component 11, so that heat generated by the heating component in the laser plasma acceleration component 11 is directly absorbed by the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline, the water cooling plate may more directly control the overall temperature of the laser plasma acceleration component 11, and the water cooling pipeline more directly controls the temperature of the heating component, thereby implementing a higher temperature control precision.
In one possible implementation, as described above, the water cooling assembly may control the temperature of the laser plasma acceleration assembly, i.e., the temperature of the optical components such as the laser crystal and the optical grating capable of generating heat, and the temperature of the vacuum components such as the mechanical dry pump and the molecular pump capable of generating heat, through the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipe, and may also control the temperature of some auxiliary equipment, e.g., the temperature of the structural components such as the support base plate of the laser plasma acceleration assembly. Further, the laser plasma accelerating assembly may further include other components capable of generating heat, for example, a radiation conversion target (e.g., a metal target), a laser beam blocking diaphragm, a laser garbage can, and the like, and the water cooling assembly may control the temperature of the above components through a water cooling plate and a water cooling pipeline.
In a possible implementation manner, the temperature of the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline can be set to be the same as the room temperature in the laser chamber, and the laser plasma accelerates the component 11 to generate heat, so that when the temperature of the liquid in the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline rises, the temperature of the liquid in the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline is reduced through the water cooling unit, the temperature of the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline is kept at the same temperature as the room temperature, and the possibility that the laser plasma accelerates the component 11 to generate mechanical deformation due to temperature difference is reduced. Further, a temperature sensor connected with the water cooling assembly 13 can be arranged inside the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 to transmit the measured temperature to the water cooling assembly 13, so that closed-loop control of the temperature of the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 is realized, and higher temperature control precision is achieved.
In a possible implementation manner, before the laser plasma acceleration component is started, the water cooling unit is started, so that the water cooling plate controls the temperature of the laser plasma acceleration component under the condition that the laser plasma acceleration component is started. That is, the water chiller unit 12 may be kept in a normally-off state, and before the laser plasma acceleration component 11 is started, the water chiller unit 12 may be started to make the water cooling plate reach a preset temperature, for example, the same temperature as the room temperature, and then the laser plasma acceleration component 11 may be started, so that the water cooling plate controls the temperature of the laser plasma acceleration component 11 under the condition that the laser plasma acceleration component is started. Not only can the high-precision temperature control of the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 be realized, but also the energy can be saved when the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 is not started.
In one possible implementation, the laser plasma acceleration assembly used to generate a particular particle beam and/or radiation may include a laser plasma acceleration assembly capable of generating an electron beam. The laser plasma accelerating assembly includes: the laser pulse generation device comprises a laser pulse generation component, a laser compression component, a focusing component, a gas target and a vacuum component, wherein the laser pulse generation component is used for generating laser pulses; the laser compression component is used for compressing the pulse width of the laser pulse; the focusing component is used for focusing laser pulses on the gas target to generate the electron beam; the laser compression component, the focusing component and the gas target are positioned in the vacuum component; the vacuum component is provided with a two-stage differential vacuum structure, so that the laser compression component and the focusing component are in a high vacuum degree environment.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a laser plasma acceleration assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 3, the footprint of the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11 is 3500 mm × 1500 mm, and includes a laser pulse generation component, a laser compression component, a focusing component, a gas target, and a vacuum assembly. The vacuum assembly can comprise a vacuum pump and a vacuum chamber, and is provided with a two-stage differential vacuum structure, so that the laser compression component, the focusing component and the gas target are positioned in the vacuum environment of the vacuum chamber, and the laser compression component, the focusing component and the gas target can normally operate, wherein the laser compression component and the focusing component are positioned at high vacuum degrees, so that the cleanliness of optical elements is high, and the laser compression component and the focusing component can stably and reliably operate. Also, the laser pulse generating member may be sealed. The present disclosure is not limited by the specific values of the dimensions of the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11.
In a possible implementation manner, the inside of the box body comprises an environment monitoring component for monitoring temperature, humidity and cleanliness, a radiation monitoring component for monitoring radiation dosage, and an operation monitoring component for monitoring the operation state of the laser plasma acceleration assembly. The environment monitoring part can comprise a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and/or a cleanliness sensor, and the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and/or the cleanliness sensor can be connected with the water cooling assembly 13 and/or the air conditioning assembly 12, so that the measured temperature, humidity and/or cleanliness can be fed back, the closed-loop control of the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the environment where the laser plasma accelerating assembly 11 is located can be realized, and the control precision of higher temperature control, humidity control and cleanliness can be realized. And the high-speed particles generated by the laser plasma accelerating assembly can generate rays after being acted by the metal target, so that the radiation dose can be monitored by the radiation monitoring component, and further, the running state of the laser plasma accelerating assembly can be monitored by the running monitoring component, so that the running conditions of the laser plasma accelerating assembly, such as the temperature, the power consumption and the like, can be monitored.
In one possible implementation, the laser pulse generating means may generate laser pulses. In an example, the laser pulse generating component can be a 40-terawatt laser pulse generating component that generates laser pulses having an energy of 0.5-1.4 joules and a pulse width of 400 picoseconds. The present disclosure does not limit the power of the laser pulse generating component and the parameters of the laser pulse generated thereby.
In one possible implementation, the laser pulses generated by the laser pulse generating component may enter the laser compressing component through a vacuum glass window, and the laser compressing component may compress the laser pulses using a raster set compression technique to obtain laser pulses having a pulse width of 25 femtoseconds. The present disclosure is not limited to the principles and performance parameters of laser compression components.
In one possible implementation, the compressed laser pulses may pass through a mirror into a focusing component, which may include an off-axis parabolic mirror, that focuses the transverse spot of the laser pulses to 10 microns with the focal point of the laser pulses located within the gas target. The gas target can be located in a vacuum chamber, and the density of the gas target is 10 18 To 10 19 The gas target can be generated by a supersonic gas nozzle with an outlet aperture of 0.5 to 2 mm, wherein the gas target is pure nitrogen or a mixed gas of helium and nitrogen with one atom per cubic centimeter. The present disclosure is not limited to the configuration and parameters of the focusing elements, and parameters of the gas target.
In one possible implementation, the laser pulse applied to the gas target has a peak power of 40 terawatts, a pulse width of 25 femtoseconds, and a spot size of 10 microns, and upon interaction with the gas target, generates an electron beam, e.g., a high energy electron beam having a charge of 100-2000 picocoulombs and an energy of 10-100 MeV. The present disclosure is not limited to specific parameters of the laser pulse and the electron beam.
In one possible implementation, the above laser plasma acceleration assembly may directly output the electron beam for use in other scenarios, i.e., taking the electron beam as the final product of the laser plasma acceleration assembly 11. That is, when it is not necessary to output radiation such as a beam, a particle beam such as an electron beam can be directly output without a metal target.
In one possible implementation, the electron beam may also be used to generate radiation such as radiation. The laser plasma accelerating assembly can further comprise a metal target, and the laser plasma accelerating assembly is further used for generating rays; wherein the electron beam acts on the metal target to generate the radiation.
In an example, the metal target can include a high atomic number metal target, such as a tungsten target or a tantalum target, which can be acted upon by an electron beam to generate radiation, such as high energy X-rays or gamma rays. The present disclosure is not limited as to the type of metal target and the type of radiation generated.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes an electrical system for powering the air conditioning assembly, the water cooling assembly, and the laser plasma accelerating assembly.
In one possible implementation, the above laser plasma acceleration assembly is merely an example, the particles generated are not limited to electrons, and the radiation is not limited to high energy X-rays or gamma rays. For example, a laser driven plasma tail field electron accelerator, an inverse compton scattering X-ray source, a bremsstrahlung high X-ray or gamma source, a proton source, a neutron source, etc. may be included in the housing.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes: and the interlocking control part is used for enabling the laser plasma accelerating assembly to be started after the internal environment of the box body meets the preset conditions and the preset function mode is set.
In an example, the interlock control component is used to ensure operator safety and proper operation of the device. For example, the interlock control part can detect whether the internal environment in the box meets the preset conditions, for example, no operator is in the box, and the parameters such as temperature, humidity, cleanliness and vacuum degree of the vacuum part meet the requirements, and then the internal environment meets the preset conditions.
In an example, the interlock control component may further detect whether the laser plasma acceleration component is in a preset functional mode, for example, when the laser plasma acceleration component is in a debugging mode, and when the laser plasma acceleration component needs to be used, the debugging mode needs to be turned off, and the laser plasma acceleration component is in a use mode.
In an example, after the above setup is completed, an operator enters the operator's room (i.e., the operator's room where the laser plasma acceleration assembly can be operated outside the cabinet) and then starts up, the interlock control component can allow the laser plasma acceleration assembly to start up. Therefore, the safety of operators and the surrounding environment can be protected, and the laser plasma accelerating component can safely and stably operate.
In a possible implementation manner, in order to further control the humidity of each component in the laser plasma acceleration assembly, the apparatus further comprises a drying assembly, wherein the drying assembly is arranged in the laser pulse generation component of the laser plasma acceleration assembly, and the drying assembly is used for controlling the humidity of the laser plasma acceleration assembly. In an example, the drying component can include a desiccant or the like that can be placed directly inside the laser pulse generating component to directly control the humidity of the laser pulse generating component.
According to portable laser drive particle accelerator and irradiation device of this disclosed embodiment, temperature, humidity and cleanliness factor in the accessible air conditioner subassembly control laser room promote the control accuracy of temperature, humidity and cleanliness factor, and make laser room temperature and humidity even through the position of supply-air outlet and return-air inlet. And the whole temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly can be more accurately controlled through the water cooling assembly, and the temperature of the heating component capable of generating heat can be further improved, so that the temperature control precision of the laser plasma accelerating assembly is further improved, the laser plasma accelerating assembly can stably run, the damage probability is reduced, and the quality of particle beams and radiation sources is improved. A drying assembly may also be provided in the laser pulse generating component to more directly control the humidity of the laser pulse generating component. Furthermore, the laser plasma acceleration assembly, the air conditioning assembly and the water cooling assembly can be integrated in the box body, the environmental condition in the box body can be conveniently controlled, the convenience of the box body in integral movement can be improved by arranging the loading and unloading assemblies such as the hanging ring and the forklift hole, and the application field of the mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and the radiation device is expanded.
Fig. 4A and 4B are schematic application diagrams illustrating a mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and a radiation device according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and as shown in fig. 4A, a lifting ring and a forklift hole may be disposed outside a box body, so as to move the box body and expand an application scenario of a laser plasma acceleration assembly. The box can include equipment room and laser room, can set up laser plasma in the laser room and accelerate the subassembly, and unit and water-cooling unit in the air conditioner can be set up in the equipment room, and the outside unit that can set up the air conditioner of box. The air conditioning assembly can comprise an air conditioning inner unit and an air conditioning outer unit, can be used for controlling the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the air in the laser room so as to achieve the temperature control precision of +/-0.5 ℃, the humidity control precision of +/-5% and the cleanliness of a ten thousand-level clean room, and can be kept in a normally open state.
In one possible implementation, the water cooling assembly may include a water cooling unit, a water cooling plate and a water cooling pipeline, the water cooling plate may directly control the overall temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly, and the water cooling pipeline may control the temperature of the heat generating component, so that the temperature control is more direct, and a higher precision temperature control is obtained, for example, a temperature control precision of ± 0.1 ℃ is achieved.
In one possible implementation, the laser plasma accelerating assembly includes a laser pulse generating component, a laser compressing component, a focusing component, a gas target, and the like. Can be used to generate an electron beam that can exit directly from the electron beam/radiation exit port or can act on a metal target to produce X-rays or gamma rays.
In a possible implementation manner, the device may include an interlock control component, which may control the laser plasma acceleration component, there is no operator in the box, and the parameters of temperature, humidity, cleanliness, vacuum degree of the vacuum component and the like meet requirements, and the laser plasma acceleration component may be started only when it is in the use mode, so as to protect personnel and environmental safety, and make the laser plasma acceleration component operate safely and stably.
In an example, the mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and the irradiation apparatus may be tested, the air temperature in the laser chamber and the water temperature of the water-cooled plate may be set to 21 ℃, the energy of the laser pulse generated by the laser pulse generating unit may be set to 0.8 joule, and the energy of the laser pulse applied to the gas target after the action of the laser compressing unit, the focusing unit, and the like may be 0.56 joule. The supersonic nozzle with an outlet caliber of 1 mm can spray pure nitrogen to form a gas target, and the gas back pressure is 0.4 MPa. After the laser pulse is applied to the gas target, an electron beam is generated, the energy spectrum distribution of the electron beam is shown in fig. 4B, the charge quantity of the electron beam is 500 picocoulombs, and the energy dispersion of the electron beam is 10%.
In a possible implementation mode, the movable laser-driven particle accelerator and the radiation device are compact in structure, convenient to control temperature, humidity and cleanliness and move and high in flexibility, are arranged in a container, can generate high-energy electron beams, X rays, gamma rays, proton beams, neutron beams and the like, and can be applied to the fields of medical treatment, industrial production and processing, national defense and the like. The present disclosure does not limit the application fields of the mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and the irradiation device.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (12)
1. A mobile laser-driven particle accelerator and irradiation apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a box body, a laser plasma accelerating assembly, an air conditioning assembly and a water cooling assembly;
the box body comprises a laser chamber;
the laser plasma accelerating component is arranged in the laser chamber and used for generating specific particle beams and/or radiation;
the air conditioning assembly is used for controlling the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the laser chamber, and comprises an air supply outlet and an air return inlet which are positioned in the laser chamber;
the water cooling assembly is used for controlling the temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly under the condition that the laser plasma accelerating assembly is started.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the box body comprises an equipment room, the equipment room and the laser room are isolated from each other, the air conditioning component comprises an air conditioning internal unit, and the air conditioning internal unit is located in the equipment room and used for controlling the temperature, the humidity and the cleanliness of the laser room.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the supply air outlet is located at the top of the laser chamber and the return air outlet is located at the bottom of the laser chamber.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a radiation resistant sandwich.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the interior of the cabinet includes an environmental monitoring component that monitors temperature, humidity, and cleanliness, a radiation monitoring component that monitors radiation dose, and an operation monitoring component that monitors an operation state of the laser plasma acceleration assembly.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
and the interlocking control part is used for enabling the laser plasma accelerating assembly to be started after the internal environment of the box body meets the preset conditions and the preset function mode is set.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the water cooling assembly comprises a water cooling unit, a water cooling plate and a water cooling pipeline, the box body comprises an equipment room, the water cooling unit is located in the equipment room, and the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline are connected with the water cooling unit;
the water cooling unit is used for controlling the temperature of the water cooling plate and the water cooling pipeline so as to control the temperature of the laser plasma accelerating assembly;
the water cooling plate is used for bearing the laser plasma acceleration assembly and controlling the temperature of a supporting bottom plate of the laser plasma acceleration assembly;
the water-cooling pipeline sets up around the part that generates heat in the laser plasma acceleration subassembly for control the temperature of the part that generates heat in the laser plasma acceleration subassembly, the part that generates heat is including optical element that can produce heat, the vacuum element that can produce heat and other elements that can produce heat, the optical element that can produce heat includes laser plasma and accelerates laser crystal, grating in the subassembly, the vacuum element that can produce heat includes mechanical dry pump, molecular pump, other elements that can produce heat include radiation conversion target, laser beam stop diaphragm, laser garbage bin.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the water chiller is activated prior to activation of the laser plasma acceleration assembly such that the water chiller plate controls the temperature of the laser plasma acceleration assembly when the laser plasma acceleration assembly is activated.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the laser plasma acceleration assembly comprises: a laser pulse generating part, a laser compressing part, a focusing part, a gas target and a vacuum part,
wherein the laser pulse generating part is used for generating laser pulses;
the laser compression component is used for compressing the pulse width of the laser pulse;
the focusing component is used for focusing laser pulses on the gas target to generate the electron beam;
the laser compression component, the focusing component and the gas target are positioned in the vacuum component;
the vacuum component is provided with a two-stage differential vacuum structure, so that the laser compression component and the focusing component are in a high vacuum degree environment.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the laser plasma acceleration assembly further comprises a metal target, the laser plasma acceleration assembly further configured to generate radiation;
wherein the electron beam acts on the metal target to generate the radiation.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a drying assembly disposed in the laser pulse generating component of the laser plasma accelerating assembly, the drying assembly configured to control a humidity of the laser plasma accelerating assembly.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a handling assembly comprising at least one of a bail, a forklift aperture.
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