CN115396442A - Calculation force sharing system and method for urban rail transit - Google Patents
Calculation force sharing system and method for urban rail transit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a calculation sharing system and method for urban rail transit, wherein the system comprises the following steps: track traffic calculation power perception scheduling layer: the system comprises a task receiving module, a task processing module and a task scheduling module, wherein the task receiving module is used for receiving tasks issued by computing power consumers in real time; block chain trust management layer: the system is used for storing user information, calculation power information and transaction electronic contract information, maintaining the execution of the transaction electronic contract, finishing transaction clearing after the transaction is finished and updating the calculation power service credit value; a calculation resource pool: for providing or consuming a computing resource to a computing sharing network; network infrastructure: the method is used for connecting the rail transit vehicle-mounted equipment, the cloud center equipment and the edge equipment. The invention utilizes the distributed computing and block chain technology, and the like, so that the computing resources in the equipment can achieve higher utilization rate through a safe and efficient shared network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban rail transit, in particular to a calculation sharing system and method for urban rail transit.
Background
Along with the rapid development of urbanization, the rapid increase of urban population, the continuous enlargement of urban scale, traffic jam, environmental pollution and other new social problems in China, the method has the advantages of simple process, low cost and the like. Practical experience at home and abroad shows that the rail transit as a large-scale urban public transport has the characteristics of large transportation capacity, low energy consumption, higher safety and punctuality and the like compared with other public transport systems. In recent years, urban rail transit in China has been increased explosively. According to the data display of the department of transportation, as of 12 months and 31 days in 2021, 51 cities open the urban rail transit for operation, the number of lines reaches 269, and the operating mileage is 8708 kilometers. In 2021, the urban rail transit in China finishes passenger traffic by 237.1 hundred million people, and the passenger traffic is increased by about 35% in 2020 and reaches 99.2% in 2019. In 2021, 7 cities of Luoyang, shaoxing, jiaxing, wenshan, wenwu lake, haining and Tanzhu newly added with Luoyang and Tanzhu firstly open the urban rail transit. Along with the development of the operation scale, the passenger capacity, the line construction length and the planned line length of the urban rail transit, the equipment maintenance cost and the equipment updating cost in the line are high all the time, and the operation cost of the urban rail transit is higher and higher.
With the development of urban rail transit, the number of devices in urban rail transit lines is continuously increased, computational resources are in a tendency of widespread deployment, and a computational isolated island effect inevitably occurs. Facing more and more computing tasks, each department of computing equipment presents a temporal and spatial imbalance in resource utilization. Traditional computing models are generally classified as centralized, distributed. Centralized computing processes tasks in a centralized manner, high consistency is easily achieved, high reliability is achieved through high optimization of stored redundancy and combination of software and hardware, but the problems of low overall resource utilization rate, insecurity, low availability and the like exist. Distributed computing divides tasks into countless small tasks for processing, which is beneficial to flexible resource utilization and computing power sharing, but two major problems exist:
(1) Lack of efficient computing power sharing mechanism
The equipment in the urban rail transit line has the characteristics of wide distribution space and strong heterogeneity. The devices usually belong to different operators, and due to lack of effective incentive, the operators do not have cooperative willingness to each other, so that a serious resource island phenomenon is caused, and thus, computational resources of one part of devices cannot meet the processing requirements of business application, and computational resources of the other part of devices are in an idle state, and cannot provide rich and efficient computational services to the outside under the condition of multi-party cooperation. In the face of more and more calculation tasks, if the idle calculation power resources of part of equipment can be effectively utilized, the cost and expense of the rail transit equipment can be effectively reduced, and the calculation capability of a rail transit system can be improved.
(2) Lack of trusted computing trust management mechanism
The safety protocols used by the urban rail transit heterogeneous equipment are different, and the protection modes of plug-in and patching are difficult to meet the safety requirements. When urban rail transit computing resources are shared or traded, computing tasks need to be evaluated and guaranteed to be completed by computing resource equipment with credible identity, credible behavior and credible capability of meeting the requirements on service quality, but the existing computing network still lacks a trust management scheme of the computing resource equipment. Secondly, there is still a lack of an affordable, trusted transaction and a secure, traceable storage scheme for transaction records.
The distributed credibility, decentralization, traceability, collective maintainability, security, non-tamper property, openness, anonymity and other characteristics of the block chain technology provide a new idea for the distributed computing power network. The block chain is an innovative application mode of computer technology in the era of value internet, and is a result of integration of multiple technologies such as database, cryptography, network technology and the like. Different from the traditional centralized accounting technology, the block chain is a novel distributed accounting technology, and through the distributed accounting mode, the problems that data in the traditional centralized authentication mode are easily tampered, stolen and lost can be effectively solved, and meanwhile, the trust level among nodes in the system can be effectively improved. Therefore, the block chain and the urban rail transit computing power network adopting distributed computing are fused, so that safe and reliable computing power sharing can be better realized.
At present, no calculation power sharing method for urban rail transit is put into use in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calculation power sharing system and method for urban rail transit, so as to solve the calculation power dilemma caused by the fact that calculation equipment shows time and space imbalance on resource utilization in rail transit development.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an urban rail transit-oriented computing power sharing system, comprising:
the track traffic calculation power perception scheduling layer: the system comprises a task receiving module, a task processing module and a task scheduling module, wherein the task receiving module is used for receiving tasks issued by computing power consumers in real time;
block chain trust management layer: the system is used for storing user information, calculation power information and transaction electronic contract information, maintaining the execution of the transaction electronic contract, finishing transaction clearing after the transaction is finished and updating the calculation power service credit value;
a calculation resource pool: for providing or consuming computing resources for the computing-power sharing network;
network infrastructure: the method is used for connecting the rail transit vehicle-mounted equipment, the cloud center equipment and the edge equipment.
Preferably, the rail transit computing power perception scheduling layer comprises a computing power service scheduling optimization module, and the computing power service scheduling optimization module is used for receiving tasks issued by computing power consumers in real time by shielding differences of bottom heterogeneous computing resources or different network connection types, perceiving the computing power resources and changes of the computing power resources through an SDN/NFV technology, and realizing computing power arrangement, network arrangement and user identity management identity authentication.
Preferably, the block chain trust management layer stores the user information, the calculation power information and the transaction electronic contract information by adopting a block chain distributed account book and a consensus mechanism; and maintaining the execution of the transaction electronic contract by adopting a block chain intelligent contract technology, finishing transaction clearing after the transaction is finished, and updating the credit value of the calculation power service through a trust management model based on a block chain.
Preferably, the blockchain-based trust management model is used for calculating the computational power service information value according to historical transaction evaluation scores through a blockchain intelligent contract technology.
Preferably, the computing power service reputation value computing method includes:
where c (t) is the single-computing-force-sharing reputation evaluation score, α (·) is a function that decays as time increases, tn represents the current time, t 0 Representing the transaction occurrence time, tn-t, furthest from tn, involved in the calculation of the reputation value of the calculation force service 0 Representing a time threshold for transactions that participate in the computation of the computing service reputation value.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a calculation power sharing method for urban rail transit, including:
acquiring tasks issued by computing power consumers, perceiving computing power resources, cooperatively scheduling the computing power resources and network resources, matching the computing power resources for the computing power consumers and establishing urban rail transit computing power sharing network connection;
and signing an electronic contract for the calculation power consumer and the calculation power provider based on the block chain, monitoring the contract fulfillment process, and finishing transaction cost clearing and calculation power service credit value updating through a block chain trust management layer after the calculation task is finished.
Preferably, matching computing resources to the computing consumers comprises:
and promoting nodes to be added into the computational power sharing network through a computational power sharing excitation mechanism based on the evolutionary game, and after the computational nodes reach the upper limit, strengthening credit excitation by reducing participation excitation, and exciting the nodes in the computational power sharing network to obtain a higher credit value.
Preferably, the computational power sharing incentive model based on the evolutionary game is used for determining whether a computing device participates in the gains of the computational power sharing network, and the device with the computational power resource determines whether to participate in the computational power sharing network by comparing the sizes of the gains which are participated or not participated.
Preferably, the completion of transaction fee clearing and power service reputation value updating by the blockchain trust management layer comprises:
and calculating the calculation power service credit value according to historical transaction evaluation scores based on a block chain trust management model in the block chain trust management layer, and obtaining the optimal decision of next task unloading of the current node by solving Nash balance of the task unloading calculation model based on the potential game according to the credit values of the calculation nodes in the calculation power sharing network based on the task unloading calculation model of the potential game.
Preferably, the blockchain trust management model comprises:
a single calculation power sharing reputation evaluation unit: the system is used for calculating the evaluation value of the single share transaction and consists of an evaluator score and a system score;
the multiple computing power sharing reputation evaluation unit based on the attenuation factor: and the credit value is used for calculating the credit value of the equipment, the evaluation value of each transaction is subjected to weighted accumulation, and the transaction evaluation value which is closer to the transaction time has a higher weight.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention solves the problem of computational power island effect caused by ubiquitous deployment of computational power resources along with the continuous increase of equipment in urban rail transit lines, and is favorable for relieving the phenomenon that computing equipment of each department shows time and space imbalance in resource utilization. The designed block chain trust management layer can evaluate and ensure that a calculation task can be completed by calculation resource equipment with credible identity, credible behavior and credible capability of meeting the requirement of service quality when calculation resources of urban rail transit are shared or transacted, and can realize the credible transaction of calculation and the safe and traceable storage of transaction records.
The invention utilizes the distributed computing and block chain technology, and the like, so that the computing resources in the equipment can achieve higher utilization rate through a safe and efficient shared network.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a force sharing incentive mechanism based on evolutionary game according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture for urban rail transit computing power sharing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a calculation power sharing flow chart for urban rail transit calculation power sharing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a result of calculating a node participation rate in the urban rail transit oriented computing power sharing method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a result of utility change of a computing node in the urban rail transit oriented computing power sharing method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The embodiment of the invention provides an urban rail transit computing power sharing system, which utilizes the technologies of distributed computing, block chains and the like to enable computing power resources in the system to achieve higher utilization rate through a safe and efficient sharing network.
A schematic diagram of a computing power sharing incentive mechanism based on the evolutionary game is shown in fig. 1 and includes an evolutionary game revenue matrix.
The evolutionary game income matrix is used for calculating the income of the computing equipment participating in or not participating in the sharing network for the rail transit, and the equipment with the computing resources determines whether the equipment participates in the computing power sharing network or not by comparing the size of the income obtained by participation or not, so that the number of computing nodes in the computing power network can reach a saturation state finally. Wherein: I.C. A a For effort-sharing participation in earnings, C for time and energy costs for participation in effort-sharing, I r To not share profits with computing power, C r Cost of time and energy to not share computing power, P 1 Proactively providing computational benefits, P, for a compute node to other nodes 2 And (4) calculating the reward for the incentive profit, namely calculating the system incentive reward received after the task is completed by the computing node.
Fig. 2 is a network architecture for urban rail transit computing power sharing according to an embodiment of the present invention. The network architecture consists of a rail transit computing power perception scheduling layer, a block chain trust management layer, a computing power resource pool and a network infrastructure.
The rail transit computing power perception scheduling layer shields the difference of heterogeneous computing resources or different network connection types at the bottom layer through a computing power service scheduling optimization module and is used for receiving tasks issued by computing power consumers in real time; and the SDN/NFV technology is adopted for sensing computing resources and changes thereof and realizing computing arrangement, network arrangement and user identity management identity authentication.
The block chain trust management layer adopts a block chain distributed account book and consensus mechanism and is used for safely and reliably storing information such as user information, calculation force information, transaction electronic contracts and the like; the block chain intelligent contract technology is adopted to maintain the execution of the transaction electronic contract, the transaction clearing is completed after the transaction is finished, and the calculation power service credit value is updated according to the trust management mechanism based on the block chain, and the credit value calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein: c (t) is a single calculation power sharing reputation evaluation score, and the evaluators score c 1 (t) (weight. Beta.) 1 ) And systematic scoring c 2 (t) (weight. Beta.) 2 ，β 1 +β 2 Composition of = 1), evaluator score c 1 (t) three evaluation factors, namely calculation completion, calculation time and price satisfaction, are mainly included, and the weight corresponding to each factor is gamma 1 ，γ 2 And γ 3 And γ 1 +γ 2 +γ 3 =1; systematic scoring c 2 And (t) automatically scoring the intelligent contract according to the calculation index information specified in the contract. α (-) is a function of the decay with time, representing the distance t n The transaction rating score closer to the time has a higher weight value, specifically represented as α (t) = e -x(t) 。
The computing resource pool is used for providing computing resources or consuming the computing resources for the computing sharing network;
and the network infrastructure is used for connecting the rail transit vehicle-mounted equipment, the cloud center equipment and the edge equipment.
The calculation power sharing method flow for urban rail transit calculation power sharing provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 3.
The equipment with the computing requirement in the rail transit, namely the computing power consumer, comprises rail transit vehicle-mounted end equipment, rail transit edge equipment and rail transit cloud center equipment.
The equipment for providing the computing service in the computing resource pool, namely the computing service side, comprises equipment with computing resources at a rail transit vehicle-mounted end, edge equipment with the computing resources and cloud center equipment with the computing resources.
The task issuing is a calculation power task request issued by a calculation power consumer, and the task request comprises demand information, a calculation power consumer certificate identifier and service request signature information.
And acquiring a consumer certificate, and calling an intelligent contract to inquire the information of the computing consumer certificate from the block chain node for the rail transit computing power perception scheduling layer.
And the qualification verification is that the rail transit computing power perception scheduling layer verifies the legality and validity of the digital qualification certificate information and the signature information in the computing power consumer service request.
And the calculation power scheduling is that the track traffic calculation power perception scheduling layer matches the optimal calculation power resource for the calculation power consumer according to the demand of the calculation power consumer.
And establishing network connection for the rail transit computing power perception scheduling layer to establish network connection for the computing request node and the matched computing service node.
Task unloading refers to that a computing request node unloads part of computing tasks to computing service nodes through a potential game-based task unloading computing model. The unloading strategy is as follows:
wherein: s -n For computing decision vectors for requesting nodes other than the requesting node n, S n For calculating the decision vector of the requesting node n, S is the decision vector of all the calculating requesting nodes, U n To calculate the benefit function of the requesting node n, T n (S) calculating the calculation delay of the task of the requesting node n, C n (S) calculating a reputation value, P, of the requesting node n n (S n ) The cost of the compute service node is paid to compute the demand of the requesting node n. Gamma, S and epsilon are respectively T n (S)、C n (S)、P n (S n ) And γ + δ + ε =1.
And the result is returned to the calculation service node and the calculation result is returned to the calculation request node.
And the contract signing is that the rail transit computing power perception scheduling layer formulates an electronic contract for a computing power consumer and a computing power provider, the contracts are sequentially sent to the consumer and the provider, and the consumer and the provider sign the contracts in an authorized signature mode.
The verification contract signing effect is that the track traffic computing power perception scheduling layer verifies the signatures of the computing power consumers and the computing power providers in the contract.
And the contract information uplink is to send the contract information to the block chain node and store the contract information in the block chain distributed account book.
The intelligent contract maintains the transaction process and carries out transaction clearing to be the intelligent contract carries out transaction clearing and tariff transfer according to the contract information, carries out automatic scoring according to the contract information, links the obtained scoring, and simultaneously evaluates the service and completes the uplink storage of the evaluation score by the calculation power consumer.
And the reputation value is updated by performing reputation calculation through a trust management mechanism based on the block chain and realizing reputation value updating through an intelligent contract.
Fig. 4 to 5 are graphs of participation rates of computing nodes and utility results of the computing nodes of the computing power sharing network for urban rail transit according to the embodiments of the present invention. A blockchain experiment environment is built by using Hyperhedger Fabric, a computing service node, a computing request node and a computing power sensing scheduling computing power sharing network are additionally built, the number of the computing request nodes is 3, the number of the computing service nodes is 9, the number of the computing service nodes which initially participate in the computing power network is set to be 2, and the participation rate of the computing nodes is 0.22. As can be seen from fig. 4, as time goes by, due to the existence of the power sharing incentive mechanism based on the evolutionary game, more and more nodes participate in the power sharing network, and the participation rate of the computing nodes in the whole environment gradually approaches to 1. From fig. 5, it can be known that the utility of the computation service node gradually increases until the computation service node is stable over time, and finally the utility of the nodes in the computation force sharing network tends to be stable.
The above-described embodiments are only intended to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An urban rail transit-oriented computing power sharing system, comprising:
the track traffic calculation power perception scheduling layer: the task receiving module is used for receiving a task issued by a calculation power consumer in real time;
block chain trust management layer: the system is used for storing user information, calculation power information and transaction electronic contract information, maintaining the execution of the transaction electronic contract, finishing transaction clearing after the transaction is finished and updating the calculation power service credit value;
a calculation resource pool: for providing or consuming a computing resource for the computing-power sharing network;
network infrastructure: the method is used for connecting the rail transit vehicle-mounted equipment, the cloud center equipment and the edge equipment.
2. The urban rail transit-oriented computing power sharing system according to claim 1, wherein the rail transit computing power awareness scheduling layer comprises a computing power service scheduling optimization module, and the computing power service scheduling optimization module is configured to receive tasks issued by computing power consumers in real time by shielding differences of underlying heterogeneous computing resources or different network connection types, and sense changes of the computing power resources and the computing power resources through an SDN/NFV technology, so as to implement computing power scheduling, network scheduling, and user identity management identity authentication.
3. The computing power sharing system for urban rail transit according to claim 1, wherein the blockchain trust management layer stores the user information, the computing power information and the transaction electronic contract information by adopting a blockchain distributed book and consensus mechanism; and maintaining the execution of the transaction electronic contract by adopting a block chain intelligent contract technology, finishing transaction clearing after the transaction is finished, and updating the credit value of the calculation power service through a trust management model based on a block chain.
4. The urban rail transit-oriented computing power sharing system according to claim 3, wherein the block chain-based trust management model is used for calculating the computing power service information value according to historical transaction evaluation scores through a block chain intelligent contract technology.
5. The urban rail transit-oriented computing power sharing system according to claim 4, wherein the computing power service reputation value is computed by:
where c (t) is the single-computing-force-sharing reputation evaluation score, α (·) is a function that decays as time increases, and t n Representing the current time, t 0 Represents the distance t n The farthest time of occurrence of the transaction involved in the calculation of the reputation value of the calculation force service, i.e. t n -t 0 Representing a time threshold for transactions that participate in the computation of the computing service reputation value.
6. A computing power sharing method for urban rail transit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring tasks issued by a calculation power consumer, perceiving calculation power resources, cooperatively scheduling the calculation power resources and network resources, matching the calculation power resources for the calculation power consumer and establishing urban rail transit calculation power sharing network connection;
and signing an electronic contract for the calculation power consumer and the calculation power provider based on the block chain, monitoring the contract fulfillment process, and finishing transaction cost clearing and calculation power service credit value updating through a block chain trust management layer after the calculation task is finished.
7. The urban rail transit-oriented computing power sharing method according to claim 6, wherein matching computing power resources for the computing power consumers comprises:
and promoting nodes to join the computational force sharing network through a computational force sharing excitation mechanism based on the evolutionary game, and after the computational nodes reach an upper limit, strengthening credit excitation by reducing participation excitation, and exciting the nodes in the computational force sharing network to obtain a higher credit value.
8. The urban rail transit-oriented computing power sharing method according to claim 7, wherein the evolutionary game-based computing power sharing incentive model is used for determining whether a computing device participates in the revenue of the computing power sharing network, and the device with computing power resource determines whether to participate in the computing power sharing network by comparing the magnitude of the revenue obtained by participation or non-participation.
9. The urban rail transit-oriented computing power sharing method according to claim 6, wherein the completion of transaction fee clearing and computing power service reputation value updating through the blockchain trust management layer comprises:
and calculating the calculation force service credit value according to historical transaction evaluation scores based on a block chain trust management model in the block chain trust management layer, and obtaining the optimal decision of next task unloading of the current node by solving the Nash balance of the task unloading calculation model based on the potential game according to the credit value of the calculation node in the calculation force sharing network based on the task unloading calculation model of the potential game.
10. The urban rail transit-oriented algorithm power sharing method according to claim 9, wherein the block chain trust management model comprises:
a single calculation power sharing reputation evaluation unit: the system is used for calculating the evaluation value of the single share transaction and consists of an evaluator score and a system score;
the multiple computing power sharing reputation evaluation unit based on the attenuation factor: and the credit value is used for calculating the credit value of the equipment, the evaluation value of each transaction is subjected to weighted accumulation, and the transaction evaluation value closer to the transaction time has a higher weight.
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