CN115394169A - Shaft leakage detection experimental device - Google Patents
Shaft leakage detection experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115394169A CN115394169A CN202210893334.0A CN202210893334A CN115394169A CN 115394169 A CN115394169 A CN 115394169A CN 202210893334 A CN202210893334 A CN 202210893334A CN 115394169 A CN115394169 A CN 115394169A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/107—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using acoustic means
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Abstract
The invention provides a shaft leakage detection experimental device, which comprises a sealed simulation shaft, a detection system which is arranged in the simulation shaft and can slide left and right, a pressurization system used for pressurizing the simulation shaft, a pressure sensor and an electric control system connected with the detection system, the pressurization system and the pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is connected with the simulation shaft, the simulation shaft comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and an end cover, and a shaft annulus is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the pressurization system connects the inner barrel with the wellbore annulus. The invention controls the ultrasonic detection device to slide in the shaft by simulating the leakage of the shaft and passing through the external control system, and utilizes the ultrasonic signal to detect the specific position of the leakage point of the simulated shaft, thereby providing indoor experimental support for field well leakage detection and analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shaft leakage detection, and particularly relates to a shaft leakage detection experimental device.
Background
The detection of oil casing leakage or casing annulus blowby is an important link in the management of the integrity of the well bore of an oil and gas well. When most of the oil and gas wellbore leaks occur, initially in small quantities, the amount of leakage increases over time. In the early stage of leakage occurrence, the leakage position can be detected and accurately positioned, so that remedial measures can be accurately taken, and the repair cost is reduced. Very small wellbore leaks are difficult to detect with conventional leak detection techniques (less than 3.785L/min). Because small leakage causes small changes in the characteristics of temperature, pressure, flow rate, etc. at the periphery of the leakage point of the well bore, the changes are often lower than the resolution of the fluid temperature, flow rate, pressure type logging instrument. The conventional noise logging can only detect the acoustic frequency band acoustic energy generated by liquid or gas at a leakage point in a fixed-point measurement mode, and the logging interpretation multi-resolution exists due to the influence of other noise sources at a distance. Therefore, an ultrasonic leakage detection technology is provided, but the technology is in an early stage of research, and an experimental device for detecting shaft leakage is urgently needed to be developed, so that indoor experimental support is provided for ultrasonic leakage detection and analysis.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a shaft leakage detection experimental device, which is characterized in that the leakage of a shaft is simulated, an ultrasonic detection device is controlled to slide in the shaft through an external control system, the specific position of a leakage point of the simulated shaft is detected by utilizing an ultrasonic signal, and an indoor experimental support is provided for field leakage detection and analysis.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention aims to provide a shaft leakage detection experimental device which is characterized by comprising a sealed simulation shaft, a detection system which is arranged in the simulation shaft and can slide left and right, a pressurizing system for pressurizing the simulation shaft, a pressure sensor and an electric control system which is connected with the detection system, the pressurizing system and the pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is connected with the simulation shaft, the simulation shaft comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and an end cover, and a shaft annulus is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the pressurization system connects the inner barrel with the wellbore annulus.
Furthermore, the detection system comprises a detector and a sliding control module, and the sliding control module is connected with the detector through fixing supports arranged at two ends of the detector.
Further, the outer diameter of the detection system is smaller than the diameter of the inner cylinder, so that the detector can move freely in the simulated shaft. Preferably, the detector is an ultrasonic detector.
Furthermore, the fixed supports are two groups of symmetrical wheel-type supports. The fixed bolster adopts the four-wheel design, is convenient for keep even running.
Furthermore, the sliding control module comprises a pulley, a power assembly and a tensile well logging cable which is used for connecting the power assembly with the detector, wherein the power assembly comprises a rotating motor and a reciprocating motor which are matched with each other, and a winch which is connected with the rotating motor.
Further, the end cover has two, set up respectively in the both ends of simulation pit shaft, be provided with on the end cover and connect the gas injection mouth I of pit shaft annular space, connect the gas injection mouth II of inner tube, still be provided with the through wires hole on the end cover, the tensile well logging cable passes the through wires hole.
Furthermore, the threading hole is sealed by a sealing device.
Furthermore, the number of the winches is two, the two winches are coaxially connected with the rotating motor and driven by the rotating motor to rotate back and forth.
Further, the pressurization system comprises a compressor, and the compressor is connected with the simulation well bore through a high-pressure pipeline. Preferably, the compressor is an air compressor.
Furthermore, the pressure sensors are a plurality of pressure sensors, namely a compressor pressure sensor, a shaft pressure sensor, an annular pressure sensor and a leakage outlet pressure sensor.
Further, the compressor pressure sensor is connected with an outlet of the compressor, the shaft pressure sensor is connected with the inner cylinder, and the annular pressure sensor is connected with a shaft annular space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder.
Furthermore, the high-pressure pipeline is divided into two high-pressure pipelines from the main pipeline, wherein one high-pressure pipeline is connected with the inner cylinder, and the other high-pressure pipeline is connected with the shaft annulus.
Further, still be provided with valve I, discharge valve and back pressure valve I on the trunk line of high pressure line.
Further, a valve II and a back pressure valve II are arranged on a high-pressure pipeline connected with the inner cylinder; and a valve III and a back pressure valve III are arranged on the high-pressure pipeline connected with the shaft annulus.
Furthermore, the simulation shaft is also connected with a flowmeter, and the leakage outlet pressure sensor is arranged between the flowmeter and the simulation shaft.
Further, the electric control system is a PLC control system. Preferably, the PLC control system is a Siemens PLC control system, and the PLC control system is used as a special computer for the industrial environment, so that the PLC control system is superior to a common PC system in high reliability, interference resistance, easiness in expansion, easiness in maintenance and no-fault working time. Through the touch screen and the control software, the sliding distance and the sliding speed of the detector can be set. The control software adopts a graphical operation interface and combines the working process of the system to display data and control operation on a flow chart in real time, thereby facilitating the real-time monitoring of the experimental process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention can respectively control the pressure of the annular space and the inner cylinder by controlling different valves to pressurize the annular space and the inner cylinder, and can simulate various well conditions with different pressure differences; the sliding of the ultrasonic monitor in the shaft is controlled through an external sliding control system, so that the position of a leakage point is accurately detected; by using the high-precision wireless pressure sensor, the real-time pressure of a simulated shaft and a pipeline can be detected, and accurate pressure control is realized; through using discharge valve, solved the too high problem of pipeline pressure that the air compressor machine trouble leads to effectively, provide the safety guarantee for experimental apparatus's operation.
According to the invention, the pipe column and the wellhead structure 1 are simulated, the wellbores under different working conditions are simulated by adjusting the injection pressure of the wellbore and the annular space, the pressure is monitored by adopting a high-precision pressure sensor, the accurate pressure control is realized, the accuracy of the detection device on the leakage point is improved by the ultrasonic detector and the PLC control system, and an indoor experiment support is provided for field leakage detection and analysis.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wellbore leak detection experimental apparatus according to the present invention.
In the drawing, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a compressor pressure sensor, 3 is a valve IV, 4 is a flow meter, 5 is an exhaust valve, 6 is a leakage outlet pressure sensor, 7 is a backpressure valve I, 8 is a high-pressure pipeline, 9 is a valve I, 10 is a valve III, 11 is a valve II, 12 is a backpressure valve III, 13 is a backpressure valve II, 14 is an air injection port I, 15 is an air injection port II, 16 is a connecting short circuit, 17 is a tensile logging cable, 18 is a pulley, 19 is an electrical control system, 20 is a slip ring, 21 is a slip ring fixed end, 22 is a slip ring rotating end, 23 is a winch, 24 is a rotating motor, 25 is a reciprocating motor, 26 is a rotating shaft, 27 is a detector, 28 is a fixed support, 29 is a shaft annulus, 30 is a simulated shaft, 31 is an outer barrel, 32 is an inner barrel, 33 is an end cover, 34 is a sealing device, 35 is a shaft pressure sensor, and 36 is an annulus pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the following examples are only illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All the techniques realized based on the above-mentioned contents of the present invention are covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "left, right, up, down", and the like are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed in a specific direction and operation, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.
A shaft leakage detection experiment device comprises a sealed simulation shaft 30, a detection system which is arranged in the simulation shaft 30 and can slide left and right, a pressurization system used for pressurizing the simulation shaft 30, a pressure sensor and an electric control system 19 connected with the detection system, the pressurization system and the pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is connected with a simulation shaft 30, the simulation shaft 30 comprises an outer cylinder 31, an inner cylinder 32 and an end cover 33, and a shaft annulus 29 is formed between the inner cylinder 32 and the outer cylinder 31; the pressurization system connects the inner barrel 32 with the wellbore annulus 29.
The pressurizing system is opened to pressurize the inner cylinder 32 and the shaft annulus 29 of the simulated shaft 30, shafts with different working conditions are simulated, pressure detection is carried out on the outlets of the inner cylinder 32, the shaft annulus 29 and the pressurizing system through the pressure sensor, pressure difference among the inner cylinder 32, the shaft annulus 29 and the outside is achieved, and accurate control of pressure is achieved by adjusting the pressurizing system through detection of the pressure sensor. The detection system sliding left and right slides in the shaft, so that the specific position of a leakage point is detected, and the detection accuracy is improved. The electrical control system 19 is used for controlling the pressurization system, the pressure sensor and the detection system, and automatic control is realized.
In order to fix the detector 27 and drive the detector 27 to slide freely in the shaft, the detection system includes the detector 27 and a sliding control module, and the sliding control module is connected with the detector 27 through fixing brackets 28 arranged at two ends of the detector 27.
The outer diameter of the detection system is smaller than the diameter of the inner barrel 32 so that the monitor 27 can move freely within the simulated wellbore 30. Preferably, the detector 27 is an ultrasonic detector 27.
The fixed brackets 28 are two sets of symmetrical wheel brackets. The fixed support 28 adopts a four-wheel design, so that stable operation is convenient to keep, the detector 27 slides left and right along the shaft, and inaccurate detection or damage to the detector 27 caused by shaking is avoided.
The slip control module includes a pulley 18, a power assembly including a rotating motor 24 and a reciprocating motor 25 cooperating with each other, and a winch 23 connected to the rotating motor 24, and a tensile wireline 17 connecting the power assembly to a detector 27. The reciprocating motor 25 is connected with the rotating motor 24, so that the rotating motor 24 can rotate in a forward and reverse reciprocating mode, the rotating motor 24 drives the winch 23 to rotate, the tensile logging cable 17 is pulled to move clockwise or anticlockwise, and the left and right movement of the detector 27 is achieved. Specifically, when the tension logging cable 17 moves clockwise, the detector 27 is driven to move rightward, and when the tension logging cable 17 moves counterclockwise, the detector 27 is driven to move leftward. To reduce friction, or the pull strength logging cable 17 becoming entangled, the pull strength logging cable 17 is connected by four pulleys 18.
In order to realize the sealing inside the simulated shaft 30, two end covers 33 are arranged at two ends of the simulated shaft 30 respectively, a gas injection port I14 connected with the shaft annular space 29 and a gas injection port II 15 connected with the inner cylinder 32 are arranged on the end covers 33, and a threading hole is also arranged on the end covers 33, and the tensile logging cable 17 passes through the threading hole. The threading holes are sealed with a sealing device 34. The shaft annulus 29 and the inner cylinder 32 are respectively connected with a pressurizing system through a gas injection port I14 and a gas injection port II 15, and the pressurizing system is used for pressurizing the shaft annulus 29 and the inner cylinder 32.
The two winches 23 are coaxially connected with a rotating motor 24, and the two winches 23 rotate back and forth under the driving of the rotating motor 24. The two winches 23 are connected with the rotating motor 24 through a rotating shaft 26, and a clutch is arranged between the winches 23 and the rotating shaft 26, so that the detector 27 is convenient to mount and dismount. Two winches 23 are provided and are respectively connected with the tensile logging cables 17 at two ends of the detector 27, and no winding can occur. The tensile logging cable 17 is used for transmitting an electric signal generated by the detector 27 and transmitting a tensile force generated by the rotating motor 24 to the fixed support 28, so that inconvenience caused by using a common cable is avoided.
The pressurizing system comprises a compressor 1, and the compressor 1 is connected with a simulation well bore 30 through a high-pressure pipeline 8. Preferably, the compressor 1 is an air compressor 1.
The pressure sensors are a plurality of pressure sensors, namely a compressor pressure sensor 2, a shaft pressure sensor 35, an annular pressure sensor 36 and a leakage outlet pressure sensor 6. The compressor pressure sensor 2 is connected with the outlet of the compressor 1, the shaft pressure sensor 35 is connected with the inner cylinder 32, and the annulus pressure sensor 36 is connected with the shaft annulus 29 between the inner cylinder 32 and the outer cylinder 31. The pressure of the outlet of the compressor 1 is detected through the compressor pressure sensor 2, the pressure of the inner cylinder 32 of the simulation shaft 30 is detected through the shaft pressure sensor 35, the pressure of the shaft annulus 29 in the simulation shaft 30 is detected through the annulus pressure sensor 36, the pressures of the inner cylinder 32, the shaft annulus 29 and the outlet of the pressurization system are respectively recorded through the pressure sensors, the pressure difference is formed among the inner cylinder 32, the annulus and the outside, and the accurate control of the pressure is realized by adjusting the pressurization system through the detection of the pressure sensors.
The high-pressure pipeline 8 is divided into two high-pressure pipelines 8 from the main pipeline, wherein one high-pressure pipeline 8 is connected with the inner cylinder 32, and the other high-pressure pipeline 8 is connected with the shaft annulus 29. The main pipeline of the high-pressure pipeline 8 is also provided with a valve I9, an exhaust valve 5 and a backpressure valve I7. A valve II 11 and a back pressure valve II 13 are arranged on the high-pressure pipeline 8 connected with the inner cylinder 32; a valve iii 10 and a back pressure valve iii 12 are arranged on the high pressure pipe 8 connected with the shaft annulus 29. The inner cylinder 32 is connected with one high-pressure pipeline 8 through the gas injection port II 15, the shaft annulus 29 is connected with the other high-pressure pipeline 8 through the gas injection port I14, and the pressure in the shaft annulus 29 and the pressure in the inner cylinder 32 are accurately controlled through the regulation and control of valves and back pressure valves on a main pipeline and two branch pipelines of the high-pressure pipeline 8. Set up discharge valve 5 on high-pressure pipeline 8's trunk line, solved effectively if the too high problem of pipeline pressure that the air compressor machine trouble leads to, provide the safety guarantee for experimental apparatus's operation.
The simulated wellbore 30 is also connected with a flow meter 4, and a loss discharge pressure sensor 6 is arranged between the flow meter 4 and the simulated wellbore 30. The leakage outlet pressure sensor 6 is connected with the gas outlet pipeline and used for detecting the pressure of the gas outlet pipeline, the gas outlet pipeline is connected with the simulation shaft 30 through the connecting short circuit 16, and the pressure in the inner cylinder 32 leaks to the shaft annulus 29 or the outside through the connecting short circuit 16.
The electrical control system 19 is a PLC control system. Preferably, the PLC control system is a Siemens PLC control system, and the PLC control system is used as a special computer for the industrial environment, so that the PLC control system is high in reliability, anti-interference, easy to expand, easy to maintain and free of fault, and the working time of the PLC control system is far superior to that of a common PC system. The sliding distance and sliding speed of the detector 27 can be set through the touch screen and the control software. The control software adopts a graphical operation interface and combines the working process of the system to display data and control operation on a flow chart in real time, thereby facilitating the real-time monitoring of the experimental process.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a pit shaft leak testing experimental apparatus which characterized in that: the device comprises a sealed simulated shaft, a detection system which is arranged in the simulated shaft and can slide left and right, a pressurization system used for pressurizing the simulated shaft, a pressure sensor and an electric control system connected with the detection system, the pressurization system and the pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is connected with the simulation shaft, the simulation shaft comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and an end cover, and a shaft annulus is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the pressurization system connects the inner barrel with the wellbore annulus.
2. The wellbore leak detection testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the detection system comprises a detector and a sliding control module, wherein the sliding control module is connected with the detector through fixing supports arranged at two ends of the detector.
3. The wellbore leak detection testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the sliding control module comprises a pulley, a power assembly and a tensile well logging cable for connecting the power assembly with the detector, wherein the power assembly comprises a rotating motor and a reciprocating motor which are matched with each other, and a winch for connecting the rotating motor.
4. The wellbore leak detection testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the end covers are provided with two gas injection ports I connected with the shaft annulus and two gas injection ports II connected with the inner cylinder.
5. The wellbore leak detection testing apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the end cover is further provided with a threading hole, the tensile logging cable penetrates through the threading hole, and the threading hole is sealed by a sealing device.
6. The wellbore leak detection testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the pressurization system comprises a compressor, and the compressor is connected with the simulation well bore through a high-pressure pipeline.
7. The wellbore leak detection testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the pressure sensors are a plurality of pressure sensors, namely a compressor pressure sensor, a shaft pressure sensor, an annular pressure sensor and a leakage outlet pressure sensor.
8. The wellbore leak detection testing apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the compressor pressure sensor is connected with an outlet of the compressor, the shaft pressure sensor is connected with the inner cylinder, and the annular pressure sensor is connected with a shaft annulus between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder.
9. The wellbore leak detection testing apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the high-pressure pipeline is divided into two high-pressure pipelines from the main pipeline, wherein one high-pressure pipeline is connected with the inner cylinder, and the other high-pressure pipeline is connected with the shaft annulus.
10. The wellbore leak detection testing apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the simulation shaft is also connected with a flowmeter, and the leakage outlet pressure sensor is arranged between the flowmeter and the simulation shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210893334.0A CN115394169A (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2022-07-27 | Shaft leakage detection experimental device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210893334.0A CN115394169A (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2022-07-27 | Shaft leakage detection experimental device |
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| CN115394169A true CN115394169A (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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| CN202210893334.0A Pending CN115394169A (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2022-07-27 | Shaft leakage detection experimental device |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206458455U (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-09-01 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Pit shaft leaks simulating-estimating device |
| CN108131130A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-06-08 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | To the analysis method and its device of gas well mouth casing annulus pressure monitoring data |
| CN111622745A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Annulus pressure testing device and method for measuring influence of well leakage on annulus pressure |
| CN213478283U (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-06-18 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Underground oil pipe leakage simulation system |
| CN114509531A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-acid gas well annulus protection fluid performance evaluation device and evaluation method |
-
2022
- 2022-07-27 CN CN202210893334.0A patent/CN115394169A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206458455U (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-09-01 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Pit shaft leaks simulating-estimating device |
| CN108131130A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-06-08 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | To the analysis method and its device of gas well mouth casing annulus pressure monitoring data |
| CN111622745A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Annulus pressure testing device and method for measuring influence of well leakage on annulus pressure |
| CN213478283U (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-06-18 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Underground oil pipe leakage simulation system |
| CN114509531A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-acid gas well annulus protection fluid performance evaluation device and evaluation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 刘子平;屈玲;姚梦麟;: "油气井井筒泄漏超声波检测技术及应用", 测井技术, vol. 42, no. 4, 20 August 2018 (2018-08-20), pages 453 - 459 * |
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