CN115389438A - Spectrum appearance - Google Patents
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- CN115389438A CN115389438A CN202211315520.2A CN202211315520A CN115389438A CN 115389438 A CN115389438 A CN 115389438A CN 202211315520 A CN202211315520 A CN 202211315520A CN 115389438 A CN115389438 A CN 115389438A
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102220134064 rs886055163 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
- G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor
Abstract
The invention discloses a spectrometer which comprises a data processing unit, a spectrum detection unit, a temperature acquisition unit, a temperature control unit and a data transmission unit, wherein the data processing unit is used for controlling the other units to work and generating spectrum detection data; the spectrum detection unit is used for collecting a spectrum image in the gas chamber and generating a spectrum detection signal; the temperature acquisition unit is used for acquiring the temperature in the gas chamber to generate a temperature acquisition signal and comprises a bridge type measurement circuit, a first operational amplification circuit and a second operational amplification circuit which are connected in sequence; the temperature control unit is used for controlling the temperature in the gas chamber to be constant; the data transmission unit is used for transmitting the spectrum detection data generated by the data processing unit to external equipment. The real-time temperature in the gas chamber is collected through the temperature collecting module, and the temperature in the gas chamber is adjusted through the temperature control unit, so that the temperature in the gas chamber is kept constant in the measuring process, and the spectrum detection data are more accurate and stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of spectrometers, in particular to a spectrometer.
Background
The spectrometer technology is widely applied in the fields of medical diagnosis, environmental protection industry, food safety and the like. The working principle is based on the spectroscopy theory, and atoms or molecules of all substances can emit electromagnetic waves with a certain wavelength and absorb the electromagnetic waves with the wavelength when being excited. There are various types of spectrometers, including infrared spectrometers and ultraviolet spectrometers, in addition to spectrometers used in the visible light band.
The ultraviolet spectrometer has been used for detecting and analyzing gas emitted by pollution sources for many years, and the spectral characteristics of an ultraviolet band are short wavelength and high energy, and substances can cause transition of electronic energy levels in molecules after absorbing light. Since substances absorb ultraviolet light more energy than infrared light, this absorption is more easily detected. When detecting a gas pollution source of an ultraviolet spectrometer, pretreatment is generally performed on gas on site, and then the gas is conveyed to a gas chamber to detect the gas. However, when the spectrometer detects the data, the temperature change may cause different distortions and deformations of key optical components such as the gas chamber due to the expansion coefficient, and may also indirectly cause the spectrum to drift when the spectrometer measures the data, so that it is difficult for an operator to accurately measure the data. Meanwhile, in some sites with severe working conditions, scenes with high temperature may exist, the service life of the instrument and the accuracy of testing can be influenced, and it is necessary to design a spectrometer with temperature control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a spectrometer, which is used for solving the problem that the measurement result of the spectrometer is inaccurate due to temperature change during detection.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spectrometer, which comprises a data processing unit, a spectrum detection unit, a temperature acquisition unit, a temperature control unit and a data transmission unit,
the data processing unit is used for controlling the other units to work and generating spectrum detection data;
the spectrum detection unit is used for collecting a spectrum image in the gas chamber and generating a spectrum detection signal;
the temperature acquisition unit is used for acquiring the temperature in the gas chamber to generate a temperature acquisition signal and comprises a bridge type measuring circuit, a first operational amplification circuit and a second operational amplification circuit which are connected in sequence;
the temperature control unit is used for controlling the temperature in the gas chamber to be constant;
the data transmission unit is used for transmitting the spectrum detection data generated by the data processing unit to external equipment;
the data processing unit generates a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature control unit to work according to the temperature acquisition signal output by the temperature acquisition unit, and the data processing unit performs data processing on the spectrum detection signal output by the spectrum detection unit to generate spectrum detection data and transmits the spectrum detection data to the data transmission unit.
Preferably, the bridge measuring circuit comprises a measuring bridge consisting of a thermistor PT100 and resistors R36, R37, R43.
Preferably, the first operational amplifier circuit and the second operational amplifier circuit are both negative feedback amplifier circuits.
Preferably, the temperature control unit includes a driving circuit and a load, the load is used for adjusting the temperature of the gas chamber, and the driving circuit outputs a driving signal according to the temperature measurement result of the temperature acquisition unit to enable the load to work.
Preferably, the driving circuit comprises a diode D24, a triode Q8 and an MOS transistor Q7 which are connected in sequence, the input end of the driving circuit is connected with the data processing unit, and the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the load.
Preferably, the base of the triode Q8 is connected with the output end of the diode D24, the emitter of the triode is grounded, the collector of the triode is connected with the gate of the MOS transistor Q7, the drain of the MOS transistor Q7 is connected with the 24V power supply, and the source of the MOS transistor Q7 is connected with the load.
Preferably, the spectrum detection unit includes an image sensor and a signal amplification circuit.
Preferably, the data transmission unit is set as an RS232 interface circuit.
Preferably, the first operational amplifier circuit comprises an operational amplifier U9A, a forward input terminal of the operational amplifier U9A is connected between the thermistor PT100 and the resistor R37 through a resistor R40, an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U9A is connected between the resistor R36 and the resistor R43 through a resistor R39, and a resistor R34 is connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U9A.
Preferably, the second operational amplifier circuit includes an operational amplifier U9B, a forward input end of the operational amplifier U9B is connected to an output end of the first operational amplifier circuit through a resistor R41, an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U9B is grounded through a resistor 35, and a resistor R38 is connected between the inverting input end and the output end of the operational amplifier U9B.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the real-time temperature in the spectrometer gas chamber is collected through the temperature collecting unit, the temperature in the gas chamber is adjusted through the temperature control unit, the temperature in the gas chamber is kept constant in the measuring process, the measuring error caused by temperature change in the spectrum detection process is eliminated, and the spectrum detection data are more accurate and stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a system of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a temperature acquisition unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a temperature control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a spectrum detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit schematic of a data processing unit of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a data transmission unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the invention, but not all embodiments. Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a spectrometer includes a data processing unit, a spectrum detection unit, a temperature acquisition unit, a temperature control unit, and a data transmission unit, where the data processing unit is configured to control the other units to operate and generate spectrum detection data; the spectrum detection unit is used for collecting a spectrum image in the gas chamber and generating a spectrum detection signal; the temperature acquisition unit is used for acquiring the temperature in the gas chamber to generate a temperature acquisition signal and comprises a bridge type measurement circuit, a first operational amplification circuit and a second operational amplification circuit which are connected in sequence; the temperature control unit is used for controlling the temperature in the gas chamber to be constant; the data transmission unit is used for transmitting the spectrum detection data generated by the data processing unit to external equipment; the data processing unit generates a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature control unit to work according to the temperature acquisition signal output by the temperature acquisition unit, and the data processing unit performs data processing on the spectrum detection signal output by the spectrum detection unit to generate spectrum detection data and transmits the spectrum detection data to the data transmission unit. The real-time temperature in the spectrometer gas chamber is collected through the temperature collection unit, whether the current temperature of the gas chamber meets the spectral measurement standard or not is judged according to the collected real-time temperature, if the current temperature does not meet the measurement standard, the temperature control unit is controlled to work, the temperature in the gas chamber is adjusted, if the current temperature meets the measurement standard, the spectral detection unit is controlled to carry out spectral image collection, the spectral detection unit generates spectral detection data and then sends the spectral detection data to the data processing unit to carry out data processing, and the data processing unit sends the processed spectral detection data to external equipment through the data transmission unit.
As shown in fig. 2, the temperature acquisition unit includes a bridge-type measurement circuit, a first operational amplifier circuit and a second operational amplifier circuit, which are connected in sequence, the bridge-type measurement circuit includes a dc output power supply and a bridge arm connected between the dc output power supply and composed of a thermistor PT100 and resistors R36, R37 and R43; the first operational amplifier circuit comprises a first operational amplifier U9A; the second operational amplifier circuit comprises a second operational amplifier U9B; the output end between the thermistor PT100 and the resistor R37 is set as a first output end, the output end between the resistor R36 and the resistor R43 is set as a second output end, the first output end of the bridge-type measuring circuit is connected to the positive input end of the first operational amplifier U9A, and the second output end of the bridge-type measuring circuit is connected to the negative input end of the first operational amplifier U9A. A resistor R40 is further arranged between the first output end of the bridge type measuring circuit and the positive input end of the first operational amplifier U9A, a resistor R39 is further arranged between the second output end of the bridge type measuring circuit and the reverse input end of the first operational amplifier U9A, and a resistor R34 is arranged between the reverse input end of the first operational amplifier U9A and the output end of the first operational amplifier U9A. The output end of the first operational amplifier U9A is connected with the positive input end of the second operational amplifier U9B through a resistor R41, the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier U9B is grounded through a resistor 35, and a resistor R38 is connected between the reverse input end and the output end of the second operational amplifier U9B. The output end of the second operational amplifier U9B is connected with the voltage dividing resistors R42 and R99 and the filter capacitor C36, a potential point between the voltage dividing resistors R42 and R99 serves as a signal output end of the temperature acquisition unit, and the temperature acquisition unit sends a temperature acquisition signal to the data processing unit through the output end and calculates the actual temperature through the data processing unit. The thermistor PT100 is a platinum resistance temperature sensor, which is a temperature sensor manufactured by using a certain functional relationship between resistance and temperature, and is widely used for temperature measurement in the medium temperature range (-200 ℃ to 650 ℃) due to high measurement accuracy, wide measurement range, good reproducibility and stability, and the like. PT100 is a widely applied temperature measuring element, and has incomparable advantages including high precision, good stability, strong anti-interference capability and the like of any other temperature sensor within the temperature range of-50 to 600 ℃. In this embodiment, the resistor R36= R37, the resistor R43 is a precision resistor, when the resistance values of the PT100 and the resistor R43 are not equal, a voltage difference signal is output between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the bridge measurement circuit, the voltage difference signal is amplified by the first amplification circuit and the second amplification circuit to output a voltage signal with a desired magnitude, the data processing unit reads the voltage signal and calculates the current real-time temperature in the gas chamber, the thermistor PT100 is disposed in the gas chamber, when the temperature of the gas chamber changes, the resistance value of the thermistor PT100 changes, so as to change the output voltage of the bridge measurement circuit, the temperature change in the gas chamber can be more accurately reflected by the first operational amplification circuit and the second operational amplification circuit, the range of the measured temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance values of R36, R43, R37, R39, R34, and R40, and the amplification factor of the voltage can be adjusted by adjusting R35 and R38, therefore, the temperature acquisition unit of the present invention can measure a wide temperature range, can be arbitrarily adjusted according to a desired temperature, and a scene can be more accurately measured.
As shown in fig. 3, the temperature control unit includes a driving circuit and a load, the load is used for adjusting the temperature of the gas chamber, and the driving circuit outputs a driving signal according to the temperature measurement result of the temperature acquisition unit to operate the load. The driving circuit comprises a diode D24, a triode Q8 and an MOS tube Q7 which are sequentially connected, the input end of the driving circuit is connected with the data processing unit, the output end of the driving circuit is connected with a load, the input end of the diode D24 is connected with the data processing unit, the base electrode of the triode Q8 is connected with the output end of the diode D24, the emitter of the triode is grounded, the collector of the triode is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q7, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q7 is connected with a 24V power supply, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q7 is connected with the load; a resistor R14 is arranged between the output end of the diode D24 and the base electrode of the triode Q8, and the output end of the diode D24 is grounded through a resistor R13. The diode D24 functions to prevent a reverse voltage to protect the data processing unit, and the resistors R13 and R14 function to prevent a transient current from being excessively large to protect the transistor. The data processing unit judges whether the temperature control unit needs to work or not according to the temperature acquisition signal acquired by the temperature acquisition unit, and when the temperature control unit needs to work, the data processing unit outputs a control signal to enable the driving circuit to output 24V voltage to a load, and the temperature of the gas chamber is adjusted through the load. The switch of the triode Q8 is controlled by switching the high and low level states of a Relay Ctrl signal sent by the data processing unit, then the MOS tube Q7 is driven, 24V voltage is output to a load for use, the size of the output current is determined by the MOS tube Q7 and a 24V power supply, and the design can at least meet the load use of 5A.
As shown in fig. 4, the spectrum detection unit includes an image sensor and a signal amplification circuit, the data processing unit sends control images of the image sensor by sending Sen _ ST and Sen _ CLK signals, the image sensor outputs a Sen _ EOS signal after completing spectrum image acquisition and sends the Sen _ EOS signal to the data processing unit to indicate that the acquisition is completed and outputs a Sen _ Video image data signal, and the image data signal is amplified by the signal amplifier and sent to the data processing unit. The amplification factor of the signal amplifier can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance of R1 and R3, wherein R2 is used for current limiting, and C1 and C2 are used for filtering.
As shown in fig. 5, the data processing unit is a single chip, wherein the pins MCU _ PT1 and VIN are respectively connected to the output of the temperature acquisition unit and the output of the spectrum detection unit, the data processing unit calculates the current temperature of the gas chamber according to the temperature acquisition signal input by MCU _ PT1 and determines whether the temperature control unit is operating, and the data processing unit outputs a control signal through the pin Relay _ Ctr1 to control the temperature control unit to operate. The output signal sent by the spectrum detection unit is input into the single chip microcomputer through the VIN pin and then is subjected to data processing by the ADC in the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer sends the processed signal to the data transmission unit through the MCU _ TX1 pin. In the circuit, D210 and R219 form a heartbeat lamp circuit to reflect the working state of the singlechip, and C304 and C303 are filter capacitors.
As shown in fig. 6, the data transmission unit is used for converting the TTL signal output from the single chip microcomputer into other interface signals readable by an external computer, and typically includes RS232, RS485, USB, and the like. In this embodiment, taking RS232 as an example, the data transmission unit converts TTL signals of the single chip microcomputer into RS232 serial signals through the chip U31, and then converts the TTL signals into the RS232 serial signals, so as to perform data transmission to the outside.
In summary, the spectrometer of this embodiment collects the real-time temperature in the gas chamber of the spectrometer through the temperature collection unit, and judges whether the current temperature of the gas chamber meets the spectral measurement standard according to the collected real-time temperature, if not, the temperature control unit is controlled to work to adjust the temperature in the gas chamber, if the current temperature meets the measurement standard, the spectral detection unit is controlled to perform spectral image collection, the spectral detection unit generates spectral detection data and then sends the spectral detection data to the data processing unit for data processing, and the data processing unit sends the processed spectral detection data to the external device through the data transmission unit. The spectrometer of the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the real-time temperature in the gas chamber is collected through the temperature collecting unit, the temperature in the gas chamber is adjusted through the temperature control unit, the temperature in the gas chamber accords with the measurement standard in the measurement process and keeps constant, the measurement error caused by temperature change in the spectrum detection process is eliminated, and the spectrum detection data are more accurate and stable. The problem of when the spectrum appearance detects, because of the change of temperature can lead to key optical component such as gas chamber to take place different distortions, deformations because of the coefficient of expansion, simultaneously, solve because of the indirect spectrum appearance that leads to of temperature change when measuring, the spectrum produces the drift phenomenon, and the operator is difficult to accurately survey data is solved.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the above description is intended to illustrate the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate that other embodiments of the present invention or equivalents thereof without inventive step, are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A spectrometer is characterized by comprising a data processing unit, a spectrum detection unit, a temperature acquisition unit, a temperature control unit and a data transmission unit,
the data processing unit is used for controlling the other units to work and generating spectrum detection data;
the spectrum detection unit is used for collecting a spectrum image in the gas chamber and generating a spectrum detection signal;
the temperature acquisition unit is used for acquiring the temperature in the gas chamber to generate a temperature acquisition signal and comprises a bridge type measuring circuit, a first operational amplification circuit and a second operational amplification circuit which are connected in sequence;
the temperature control unit is used for controlling the temperature in the gas chamber to be constant;
the data transmission unit is used for transmitting the spectrum detection data generated by the data processing unit to external equipment;
the data processing unit generates a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature control unit to work according to the temperature acquisition signal output by the temperature acquisition unit, and the data processing unit performs data processing on the spectrum detection signal output by the spectrum detection unit to generate spectrum detection data and transmits the spectrum detection data to the data transmission unit.
2. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the bridge measurement circuit comprises a measurement bridge consisting of a thermistor PT100 and resistors R36, R37, R43.
3. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the first operational amplifier circuit and the second operational amplifier circuit are both negative feedback amplifier circuits.
4. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the temperature control unit comprises a driving circuit and a load, the load is used for adjusting the temperature of the gas chamber, and the driving circuit outputs a driving signal to operate the load according to the temperature measurement result of the temperature acquisition unit.
5. The spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein the driving circuit comprises a diode D24, a triode Q8 and a MOS transistor Q7 which are connected in sequence, an input end of the driving circuit is connected with the data processing unit, and an output end of the driving circuit is connected with a load.
6. The spectrometer of claim 5, wherein the base of the transistor Q8 is connected to the output of the diode D24, the emitter of the transistor is grounded, the collector of the transistor is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q7, the drain of the MOS transistor Q7 is connected to a 24V power supply, and the source of the MOS transistor Q7 is connected to a load.
7. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the spectral detection unit comprises an image sensor and a signal amplification circuit.
8. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the data transmission unit is configured as an RS232 interface circuit.
9. The spectrometer of claim 2, wherein the first operational amplifier circuit comprises an operational amplifier U9A, a forward input terminal of the operational amplifier U9A is connected between the thermistor PT100 and the resistor R37 via a resistor R40, a reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier U9A is connected between the resistor R36 and the resistor R43 via a resistor R39, and a resistor R34 is connected between the reverse input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U9A.
10. The spectrometer of claim 2, wherein the second operational amplifier circuit comprises an operational amplifier U9B, a forward input terminal of the operational amplifier U9B is connected to an output terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit through a resistor R41, an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U9B is grounded through a resistor 35, and a resistor R38 is connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U9B.
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