CN115388954A - Marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system and method - Google Patents
Marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115388954A CN115388954A CN202211145066.0A CN202211145066A CN115388954A CN 115388954 A CN115388954 A CN 115388954A CN 202211145066 A CN202211145066 A CN 202211145066A CN 115388954 A CN115388954 A CN 115388954A
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- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for monitoring marine environment and animal behaviors, which comprises the following steps: the floating body electronic cabin is used for acquiring monitoring data of marine environment and animal behaviors; the release device is connected with the floating body electronic cabin and is used for separating the floating body electronic cabin from the marine animals after the acquisition of the monitoring data is completed; and the fixing device is connected with the releasing device and is used for fixing the monitoring system on the marine animal. The monitoring system provided by the invention has small volume and light weight, can realize unmanned measurement in a designated sea area, improves the measurement efficiency, reduces the cost, and has important significance for marine ecological environment protection and marine life science research by taking marine animals as carriers to acquire the data of underwater living environment and animal behavior data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine environment observation and the field of marine animal behavior monitoring, and particularly relates to a marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system and method.
Background
The existing marine environment observation is mainly monitored by observation equipment such as satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicles, measuring boats, buoys, submerged beacons, underwater gliders, submerged aircrafts and the like. Influenced by environmental factors, the general cost is higher, and the observation range is limited. The marine animals serving as system carriers have good offshore adaptability after long-term evolution, can move in complex marine environments such as shoals, deep sea and the like, particularly large marine animals have unique communication, positioning and navigation capabilities in the deep and far sea long-distance migration process, can cruise and swim at high speed, are the most excellent natural underwater vehicle, and can acquire marine data which cannot be detected by a common underwater mobile platform. The underwater environment sensing equipment using marine animals as carriers can acquire hydrographic environment data such as marine temperature, depth and the like and animal state data, and particularly, the underwater environment sensing equipment is very important for acquiring some marine environment data of areas which cannot be reached by human beings at present, such as wide sea areas below the north and south pole ice layers. Therefore, a marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system for acquiring data of underwater living environment and animal behavior data by taking marine animals as carriers is urgently needed to realize unmanned measurement in a specified sea area, improve the measurement efficiency and reduce the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: a marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system comprising:
the floating body electronic cabin is used for acquiring monitoring data of marine environment and animal behaviors;
the release device is connected with the floating body electronic cabin and is used for separating the floating body electronic cabin from marine animals after the monitoring data are acquired;
and the fixing device is connected with the releasing device and is used for fixing the monitoring system on the marine animal.
Preferably, the floating body electronic cabin comprises a main control module, a power supply module, a storage module, a data acquisition module, a GPS module and a wireless communication module;
the main control module is used for processing the monitoring data and controlling the data acquisition sensor;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to the monitoring system;
the storage module is used for storing various data acquired by the data acquisition module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring environmental measurement data of the marine animals swimming through the water area and acquiring behavior data of the marine animals;
the GPS module is used for receiving satellite positioning information when the marine animals float out of the water surface;
and the wireless communication module is used for sending the satellite positioning information and the sensor monitoring data to a ship searching center.
Preferably, the data acquisition module comprises a dry-wet sensor, a depth sensor, a temperature sensor and an attitude sensor;
the dry and wet sensor is used for detecting whether carrier animals enter water or not;
the depth sensor is used for acquiring the underwater penetration depth of the carrier animal;
the temperature sensor is used for acquiring environmental temperature data;
the attitude sensor is used for acquiring the behavior states of the carrier animal, and the behavior states at least comprise cruising, floating, submerging and on the water surface.
Preferably, the fixing device adopts a spring clip structure, and the spring clip structure is fixed on the marine animal through the dispenser.
Preferably, the release device works based on the principle of fusing a large-current metal wire, the release device is arranged on one side of the floating body electronic cabin and is in signal connection with the main control module, and the floating body electronic cabin is separated from the fixing device after the task of data acquisition is finished.
Preferably, the floating body electronic cabin is arranged inside the floating body and embedded in the floating body;
the floating body electronic cabin is made of synthetic foam and is in a streamline design, and a plurality of light reflecting strips are attached to the outer surface of the floating body electronic cabin.
A method for monitoring marine environment and animal behavior comprises the following steps,
collecting life habits of the carrier animals, describing behavior patterns of the carrier animals based on the life habits, and obtaining behavior models;
placing the monitoring system on a carrier animal to obtain monitoring data of marine environment and animal behaviors;
and judging the current behavior state of the carrier animal based on the monitoring data and the behavior model to obtain a monitoring result.
Preferably, the process of acquiring the monitoring data of marine environment and animal behavior comprises,
the method comprises the steps that environmental measurement data of marine animals swimming through a water area and behavior data of carrier marine animals are collected through a data collection module of a floating body electronic cabin, satellite positioning information is received based on a GPS module after the data collection is finished, and the satellite positioning information and sensor monitoring data are sent to a ship searching center through a wireless communication module.
Preferably, the process of acquiring environmental measurement data of marine animals swimming through a water area and behavior data of marine animals as carriers by a data acquisition module of the floating body electronic cabin, receiving satellite positioning information based on a GPS module after the data acquisition is finished, and sending the satellite positioning information and the sensor monitoring data to a ship searching center by a wireless communication module comprises the steps of,
detecting whether the carrier animal enters water or not based on a dry-wet sensor, detecting the states of a depth sensor and an attitude sensor by a main control module after the water entering time reaches a preset time, and judging that the carrier animal is in a submerging state if the data of the depth sensor exceeds a preset threshold value and the pitch angle of the attitude sensor is lower than a preset submerging threshold value; the depth sensor, the temperature sensor and the attitude sensor work simultaneously to obtain monitoring data, the monitoring data are stored in a storage module, and the temperature sensor, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor stop working until the pitch angle is higher than the preset submergence threshold value, and the state judgment of the dry sensor and the wet sensor is waited for next time;
whether carrier animals enter water or not is detected based on a dry-wet sensor, after the water entering time reaches preset time, a main control module detects states of a depth sensor and an attitude sensor, and if data of the depth sensor exceeds a preset threshold value and a pitch angle of the attitude sensor is higher than a preset floating threshold value, the carrier animals are judged to be in a floating state; the depth sensor, the temperature sensor and the attitude sensor work simultaneously to obtain monitoring data, the monitoring data are stored in a storage module, and the temperature sensor, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor stop working until the pitch angle is lower than the preset floating threshold value, and the state judgment of the wet sensor and the dry sensor is waited for next time;
detecting whether a carrier animal enters water or not based on a dry-wet sensor, detecting the state of an attitude sensor by a main control module after the water entering time reaches a preset time, and if the pitch angle of the attitude sensor is smaller than a preset floating threshold value and larger than a preset submergence threshold value, judging that the carrier animal is in a cruising state, storing the data of the attitude sensor, and enabling other sensors not to work;
whether the carrier animal enters water or not is detected based on the dry and wet sensor, the carrier animal is judged to be in a water surface state when the carrier animal does not enter water and the time reaches a time threshold value, at the moment, the wireless communication module and the GPS module start to work, the position of the monitoring system is obtained based on the GPS module, and the wireless communication module sends the position to a ship searching center to recover the monitoring transmission system.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the system and the method for monitoring the marine environment and the animal behaviors, the floating body electronic cabin is fixed on the back fin of the large marine animal through the spring clip structure, the cost for catching the large marine animal is saved, the possibility that the target marine animal may generate stress reaction in the traditional catching process is reduced, the collected behavior information is enabled to be more consistent with the normal characteristics of the target animal, meanwhile, the fixing process can be operated on a small boat through a special instrument, and the risk of accompanying personnel is reduced.
The invention can realize the automatic separation of the floating body electronic cabin and the fixing device after the data acquisition is finished by utilizing the releasing device, and can send GPS positioning signals to a searched ship after the floating body electronic cabin floats out of the water surface, and the reflective strips on the floating body electronic cabin improve the visibility at night and greatly reduce the searching difficulty of the floating body electronic cabin.
The fixing device is simple in structure and low in processing difficulty, one part of the spring clamp structure is made of easily corroded metal, the rigidity is kept, meanwhile, the spring clamp can fall off from a target animal within a certain time, and the influence of an experiment on the animal is reduced.
The data acquisition device in the floating body electronic cabin can monitor the data of the living sea area of the target animal and can collect the behavior data of the target animal, so that the data acquisition device has great significance for researching the living behavior habit of certain animal and the selection of the animal to the living environment.
The method for detecting the behavioral state of the carrier animal can utilize the sensor in the floating body electronic cabin to judge the motion mode of the carrier animal, open a proper sensor by judging the behavioral state and collect data. Under the working mode, the energy consumption can be well controlled, and the storage space required by data is reduced, so that the cost is reduced and the working time is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a float according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a working procedure of a monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a system and a method for monitoring marine environment and animal behavior, comprising:
the device comprises a floating body electronic cabin, a release device, a fixing device, a main control module, a power supply module, a storage module, a data acquisition module, a GPS module and a wireless communication module, wherein the release device is arranged on one side of the floating body electronic cabin, the fixing device is connected with the other side of the release device, the fixing device fixes the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system on dorsal fins of marine animals, the release device can separate the floating body electronic cabin from the marine animals after data collection is finished, and the main control module, the power supply module, the storage module, the data acquisition module, the GPS module and the wireless communication module are arranged in the floating body electronic cabin;
the main control module is used for receiving and processing data of the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system and controlling the use conditions of different data acquisition sensors;
the power module provides working energy for the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system through the rechargeable lithium battery;
the storage module is used for storing various data acquired by the data acquisition module;
the data acquisition module is used for measuring the environment of the marine animal swimming through the water area and acquiring the behavior data of the marine animal;
the GPS module is used for receiving satellite positioning information when the marine animals float out of the water surface;
the wireless communication module is used for sending satellite positioning information to the ship searching center;
in the scheme, the fixing device adopts a spring clamp structure, the spring clamp structure is fixed on the marine animals by using a specific dispenser, the spring clamp is movably connected with a buffering anti-skidding material to ensure that the animals are firmly fixed on the premise of not being injured, and meanwhile, a certain part of the spring clamp adopts a metal material which is easy to corrode, so that after the floating body electronic cabin collects data and is separated from the marine animals, the fixing device can be separated from the marine animals as soon as possible to avoid influencing the activities of the marine animals for a long time;
in the scheme, the release device works by utilizing a high-current metal wire fusing principle, is arranged on one side of the floating body electronic cabin and is in signal connection with the main control module, and after a task of acquiring data is finished, the floating body electronic cabin is separated from the fixing device;
in the scheme, the floating body is made of synthetic foam, is in a streamline design, reduces water resistance, and is adhered with a plurality of light reflecting strips on the outer surface, so that the night visibility of a marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system is improved;
in the scheme, the floating body electronic cabin is arranged in the middle of the floating body and is embedded in the floating body;
in the scheme, the power supply module is a lithium battery pack, and the lithium battery pack supplies power to the main control module, the storage module, the GPS module, the data acquisition module, the wireless communication module and the release device;
in the above scheme, the data acquisition module comprises one or more of a temperature sensor, a depth sensor, an attitude sensor and a dry-wet sensor;
in a further optimization scheme, when the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system is installed, a carrier animal needs to be attracted or a small boat needs to be driven to be installed and fixed, the fixing device needs to be unfolded by an operator, when the fixing device is close to the carrier animal, the spring part of the spring clamp is close to the head of the marine animal, the clamp part is close to the tail of the marine animal, and the floating body is installed in the sequence that the floating body is positioned on the left side of the carrier animal, so that the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system contains a posture sensor, and the installation posture of the posture sensor can influence the judgment of the subsequent behavior state;
after the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system is installed, the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system enters a working state, one or more sensors are opened according to the behavior state of the carrier animal to collect data, and the data are stored in a storage module after being processed by a main control module;
after the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system works for a preset time, the main control module sends a signal to the release device to start working, the main control module controls the power supply control module to charge a capacitor in the release device, current is released after charging is finished, a metal wire in the release device is fused by using short-time heavy current, the release device is separated from the fixing device after the metal wire is disconnected, the floating body electronic cabin is brought to the water surface by means of buoyancy of the floating body, at the moment, the dry-wet sensor can detect a long-time dry state, the GPS module starts working to determine the longitude and latitude of the current position, and the position of the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system is sent to a ship searching center through the wireless communication device, so that the aim of recovering the marine environment and the animal behavior monitoring system is fulfilled;
in some embodiments of the invention, the main control module comprises a 16-bit low-power-consumption microprocessor, a corresponding clock circuit, a reset circuit and the like, the working voltage of the processor is 1.8V/3.6V, the main control module is suitable for a system with low-power-consumption design, the main control module supports various communication modes, including UART, I2C and SPI communication, has sufficient RAM and flash storage space, interrupt sources and I/O ports, and can support more complex software programs and hardware circuit design;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the storage module uses a large-capacity flash chip, which is low in price, has an SPI communication function, and is fast in communication speed and simple in operation. Through calculation, the capacity of the chip can meet the data volume of a marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system which continuously works for more than 10 days at a sampling interval of 1min under the condition that all sensors are opened, so that the chip can meet the current application requirement and also leaves enough margin for future expanded use;
in some embodiments of the invention, the wireless communication module employs a homemade Beidou satellite communication module or a VHF radio beacon;
in some embodiments of the invention, the GPS module adopts a small GPS module, and after being electrified, the GPS module sends the positioning information to the main control module through a serial port, so that the operation is simple and the positioning is accurate;
in the mounting process, the skin smoothness of the dorsal fins of the carrier animals is considered, the buffering anti-slip pad is added on the clip of the spring clip of the fixing device, so that the friction force between the dorsal fins and the fixing device can be increased, and the damage of the clip to the fish fins in the mounting process can be reduced due to the addition of the buffering pad;
in some embodiments of the invention, one end of the clip part of the spring clip of the fixing device can be sawed off first, and then the sawed off part is welded by using metal easy to corrode, so that when the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system works to a set time and the main control module controls the release device to release, the fixing device remained on the dorsal fin of the carrier animal can be automatically corroded to fall off within a certain time, and the influence of the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system on the carrier animal is reduced to the minimum;
the surface of the floating body is attached with at least two light reflecting strips, when the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system floats to the surface within the set working time, the light reflecting strips can increase the visibility of the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system, and the later recovery work is facilitated;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the power management module manages the electric quantity of the lithium battery pack 1, and the lithium battery pack supplies power to the main control module, the storage module, the GPS module, the wireless communication module, the data acquisition module, and the release device; the power supply range is 3.3-7.2V. Because the working voltage (typical value) of the modules such as the main control chip, the storage chip, the GPS module and the like used by the system is 3.3V, and the working voltage (typical value) of the wireless communication module is 10.8V, two paths of input of the power management module are provided, one path is supplied to each module, and the other path adopts a DC-DC circuit to increase the voltage to the 10.8V wireless communication module;
as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment further provides a monitoring method based on marine environment and animal behavior, which includes the following steps:
firstly, simplifying and describing various modes of behaviors of carrier animals into different models according to life habits of the carrier animals, sampling a data acquisition module at a fixed frequency in the working process of a marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system, and judging the model to which the current behavior states of the carrier animals belong, such as 'cruising', 'floating', 'submerging', 'on-water', and the like, wherein the different states are defined by a series of standards, including limits on one or more sensors, and time limits that the limits must be kept unchanged in one behavior state. The following is a specific example according to the above requirements:
when the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system is arranged on marine animals, a power supply of the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system is turned on;
the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system detects the states of the dry and wet sensor and the depth sensor at a relatively low frequency, the states of the dry and wet sensor can indicate whether the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system enters water or not, and the data of the depth sensor indicates the depth of the carrier animal entering water;
the dry and wet sensor works at a lower sampling rate, after the dry and wet sensor is kept in a wet state for a period of time, the states of the depth sensor and the attitude sensor are detected, if the data of the depth sensor exceeds a threshold value and the pitch angle of the attitude sensor is lower than a submergence threshold value (usually negative), the carrier animal is judged to be in a submergence state at the moment, the depth sensor, the temperature sensor and the attitude sensor work simultaneously, the data of the three sensors are collected at a higher sampling rate, the data are stored in the storage module, and when the pitch angle is higher than the set submergence threshold value, the temperature sensor, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor stop working and wait for the next state judgment of the dry and wet sensor;
the dry and wet sensor works at a lower sampling rate, after the dry and wet sensor is kept in a wet state for a period of time, the main control module detects the states of the depth sensor and the attitude sensor, if the data of the depth sensor exceeds a threshold value and the pitch angle of the attitude sensor is higher than a floating threshold value (usually positive), the carrier animal is judged to be in a floating state at the moment, the depth sensor, the temperature system and the attitude system work simultaneously and collect the data of the three sensors at a higher sampling rate, the data are stored in the storage module, and when the pitch angle is lower than the set floating threshold value, the temperature sensor, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor stop working to wait for the next state judgment of the dry and wet sensor;
after the dry and wet sensors are kept wet for a period of time, the main control module detects the state of the attitude sensor, if the pitch angle is smaller than the floating threshold value and larger than the submergence threshold value, the carrier animal is judged to be in a cruising state, at the moment, the data of the attitude sensor is recorded and stored at a lower sampling rate, and other sensors do not work;
after the dry and wet sensor is kept dry for a period of time, the carrier animal is judged to be in a water surface state, at the moment, the wireless communication module and the GPS module start to work, the GPS module acquires the current position of the marine environment and the animal behavior monitoring system, and the wireless communication module sends the position to a ship searching center to prepare for recovering the marine environment and the animal behavior monitoring system;
further, the following specific examples are given according to the above requirements:
when the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system is arranged on marine animals, a power supply of the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system is turned on;
the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system detects the states of the dry and wet sensor and the depth sensor at the frequency of once every 4 seconds, the states of the dry and wet sensor can indicate whether the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system enters water or not, and the data of the depth sensor indicates the depth of the carrier animal entering water;
the dry and wet sensor works at a sampling rate of once every 4 seconds, after the dry and wet sensor keeps sampling for 5 times in a wet state, the states of the depth sensor and the attitude sensor are detected, if the data of the depth sensor exceeds 2 meters and the pitch angle of the attitude sensor is lower than a submergence threshold value minus 20 degrees, the carrier animal is judged to be in the submergence state at the moment, the depth sensor, the temperature sensor and the attitude sensor work simultaneously, the data of the three sensors are collected at a sampling rate of once every 1 second, the data are stored in the storage module, the temperature sensor, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor stop working when the pitch angle is higher than a set submergence threshold value minus 20 degrees, and the state judgment of the next dry and wet sensor is waited;
the dry and wet sensor works at a sampling rate of once every 4 seconds, after the dry and wet sensor is in a wet state for 5 times of sampling, the states of the depth sensor and the attitude sensor are detected, if the data of the depth sensor exceeds 2 meters and the pitch angle of the attitude sensor is higher than a floating threshold value by 20 degrees, the carrier animal is judged to be in the floating state at the moment, the depth sensor, the temperature sensor and the attitude sensor work simultaneously, the data of the three sensors are collected at the sampling rate of once every 1 second, the data are stored in the storage module, the temperature sensor, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor stop working when the pitch angle is lower than the set floating threshold value by 20 degrees, and the state judgment of the next dry and wet sensor is waited;
the dry and wet sensor detects the state of the attitude sensor after 5 times of sampling in a wet state, if the pitch angle is smaller than a floating threshold value by 20 degrees and larger than a submergence threshold value by-20 degrees, the carrier animal is judged to be in a cruising state, at the moment, the data of the attitude sensor is recorded and stored at a sampling rate of once every 4 seconds, and other sensors do not need to be started;
when the dry and wet sensor is in a dry state for 5 times of sampling, the carrier animal is judged to be in a water surface state, the wireless communication module and the GPS module start working at the moment, the GPS module acquires the current marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system position, and the wireless communication module sends the position to the ship searching center to prepare for recovering the marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system;
in some embodiments of the present invention, there may be more patterns for determining the behavior state of the carrier animal, such as "predation", "communication", etc., which require a long time of collecting the behavior data of the carrier animal by using various sensors, and using the collected data as sample data, constructing a training data set for analysis, wherein the sample data is a feature vector formed by an acceleration value, a posture state, a depth value and hydrophone data generated by any time node and is labeled with "cruise", "float", "dive", "on the water surface" and other states;
in this embodiment, when the sample data is collected, the data of each time node and the state of the animal can be obtained by artificially simulating the behavior of the carrier animal, for example, the data obtained by simulating the behavior of "submerging" of the carrier animal can be determined as the behavior state of "submerging", and similarly, the behavior states of "cruising", "floating", "on-water" and the like can be determined for the corresponding data;
the data after judging various behavior states can be formed into a training data set, and the initial model can be supervised trained by using the training data set, so that an accurate behavior state model is finally obtained and applied to practical use.
The marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system of this embodiment is small, and light in weight can be attached to marine animal's dorsal fin, utilizes the normal activity of carrier animal to obtain its underwater living environment's data and this animal behavior data to thereby confirm marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system's position through wireless communication device and be retrieved after the collection time of settlement, the data of retrieving supply researcher analysis and research. The underwater mobile monitoring based on the marine animals has important significance for the marine ecological environment protection and the marine life science research.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system, comprising:
the floating body electronic cabin is used for acquiring monitoring data of marine environment and animal behaviors;
the release device is connected with the floating body electronic cabin and is used for separating the floating body electronic cabin from marine animals after the monitoring data are acquired;
and the fixing device is connected with the releasing device and is used for fixing the monitoring system on the marine animal.
2. The system for monitoring marine environment and animal behavior according to claim 1,
the floating body electronic cabin comprises a main control module, a power supply module, a storage module, a data acquisition module, a GPS module and a wireless communication module;
the main control module is used for processing the monitoring data and controlling the data acquisition sensor;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to the monitoring system;
the storage module is used for storing various data acquired by the data acquisition module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring environmental measurement data of marine animals swimming through a water area and acquiring behavior data of marine animals as carriers;
the GPS module is used for receiving satellite positioning information when the marine animals float out of the water surface;
and the wireless communication module is used for sending the satellite positioning information and the sensor monitoring data to a ship searching center.
3. The marine environment and animal behavior monitoring system of claim 1,
the data acquisition module comprises a dry-wet sensor, a depth sensor, a temperature sensor and an attitude sensor;
the dry and wet sensor is used for detecting whether carrier animals enter water or not;
the depth sensor is used for acquiring the underwater penetration depth of the carrier animal;
the temperature sensor is used for acquiring environmental temperature data;
the attitude sensor is used for acquiring the behavior states of the carrier animal, and the behavior states at least comprise cruising, floating, submerging and on the water surface.
4. The system for monitoring marine environment and animal behavior according to claim 1,
the fixing device adopts a spring clip structure, and the spring clip structure is fixed on the marine animal through the dispenser.
5. The system for monitoring marine environment and animal behavior according to claim 4,
the release device works based on the principle of fusing of a large-current metal wire, is arranged on one side of the floating body electronic cabin and is in signal connection with the main control module, and separates the floating body electronic cabin from the fixing device after the task of data acquisition is finished.
6. The system for monitoring marine environment and animal behavior according to claim 4,
the floating body electronic cabin is arranged inside the floating body and embedded in the floating body;
the floating body electronic cabin is made of synthetic foam and is in a streamline design, and a plurality of light reflecting strips are attached to the outer surface of the floating body electronic cabin.
7. A method for monitoring marine environment and animal behavior is characterized by comprising the following steps,
collecting life habits of the carrier animals, describing behavior patterns of the carrier animals based on the life habits, and obtaining behavior models;
placing the monitoring system on a carrier animal to obtain monitoring data of marine environment and animal behaviors;
and judging the current behavior state of the carrier animal based on the monitoring data and the behavior model to obtain a monitoring result.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of obtaining the monitoring data of the marine environment and the animal behavior comprises,
the method comprises the steps that environmental measurement data of marine animals swimming through a water area and behavior data of carrier marine animals are collected through a data collection module of a floating body electronic cabin, satellite positioning information is received based on a GPS module after the data collection is finished, and the satellite positioning information and sensor monitoring data are sent to a ship searching center through a wireless communication module.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the steps of collecting environmental measurement data of marine animals swimming through the water area and collecting behavior data of marine animals by the data collection module of the floating body electronic compartment, receiving satellite positioning information based on the GPS module after data collection, and transmitting the satellite positioning information and sensor monitoring data to the ship search center by the wireless communication module comprise,
detecting whether the carrier animal enters water or not based on a dry-wet sensor, detecting the states of a depth sensor and an attitude sensor by a main control module after the water entering time reaches a preset time, and judging that the carrier animal is in a submerging state if the data of the depth sensor exceeds a preset threshold value and the pitch angle of the attitude sensor is lower than a preset submerging threshold value; the depth sensor, the temperature sensor and the attitude sensor work simultaneously to obtain monitoring data, the monitoring data are stored in a storage module, and the temperature sensor, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor stop working until the pitch angle is higher than the preset submergence threshold value, and the state judgment of the dry sensor and the wet sensor is waited for next time;
whether carrier animals enter water or not is detected based on a dry-wet sensor, after the water entering time reaches preset time, a main control module detects states of a depth sensor and an attitude sensor, and if data of the depth sensor exceeds a preset threshold value and a pitch angle of the attitude sensor is higher than a preset floating threshold value, the carrier animals are judged to be in a floating state; the depth sensor, the temperature sensor and the attitude sensor work simultaneously to obtain monitoring data, the monitoring data are stored in a storage module until the pitch angle is lower than the preset floating threshold value, the temperature sensor, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor stop working, and the state judgment of the wet sensor and the dry sensor is waited for next time;
detecting whether a carrier animal enters water or not based on a dry-wet sensor, detecting the state of an attitude sensor by a main control module after the water entering time reaches a preset time, and if the pitch angle of the attitude sensor is smaller than a preset floating threshold value and larger than a preset submergence threshold value, judging that the carrier animal is in a cruising state, storing the data of the attitude sensor, and enabling other sensors not to work;
whether the carrier animal enters water or not is detected based on the dry and wet sensor, the carrier animal is judged to be in a water surface state when the carrier animal does not enter water and the time reaches a time threshold value, at the moment, the wireless communication module and the GPS module start to work, the position of the monitoring system is obtained based on the GPS module, and the wireless communication module sends the position to a ship searching center to recover the monitoring transmission system.
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