CN115387919B - Oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of marine engine - Google Patents

Oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of marine engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115387919B
CN115387919B CN202211041094.8A CN202211041094A CN115387919B CN 115387919 B CN115387919 B CN 115387919B CN 202211041094 A CN202211041094 A CN 202211041094A CN 115387919 B CN115387919 B CN 115387919B
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel
oil
gas
ecu
cylinder
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CN202211041094.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115387919A (en
Inventor
黄猛
辛强之
贾宝富
王延瑞
杨尚刚
袁磊
王伟
刘毅
穆振仟
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Zichai Power Co ltd
Zichai Machinery Co ltd
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Zichai Power Co ltd
Zichai Machinery Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211041094.8A priority Critical patent/CN115387919B/en
Publication of CN115387919A publication Critical patent/CN115387919A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24Cylinder heads
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B69/00Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
    • F02B69/02Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel
    • F02B69/04Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel for gaseous and non-gaseous fuels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/12Other methods of operation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • F02B77/085Safety, indicating, or supervising devices with sensors measuring combustion processes, e.g. knocking, pressure, ionization, combustion flame
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • F02B77/085Safety, indicating, or supervising devices with sensors measuring combustion processes, e.g. knocking, pressure, ionization, combustion flame
    • F02B77/086Sensor arrangements in the exhaust, e.g. for temperature, misfire, air/fuel ratio, oxygen sensors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0613Switch-over from one fuel to another
    • F02D19/0615Switch-over from one fuel to another being initiated by automatic means, e.g. based on engine or vehicle operating conditions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0684High pressure fuel injection systems; Details on pumps, rails or the arrangement of valves in the fuel supply and return systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0697Arrangement of fuel supply systems on engines or vehicle bodies; Components of the fuel supply system being combined with another device
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/10Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous
    • F02D19/105Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous operating in a special mode, e.g. in a liquid fuel only mode for starting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/12Other methods of operation
    • F02B2075/125Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of a marine engine, which comprises the following steps of starting: the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil and starts the engine, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited in a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism; when the engine reaches the gas condition, converting the gas: the ignition mechanism is converted into an exposed state, the control system controls the gas system to supply natural gas, and at the moment, the natural gas is ignited by the ignition mechanism; conversion of fuel oil: the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited by a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism. The ignition mechanism is closed and exposed by the switching device. According to the oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine, the igniter is closed in the fuel state, so that the igniter is prevented from being failed and damaged; in the fuel oil and gas switching process, the waste gas in the cylinder is actively discharged, and the combustion effect after switching is improved.

Description

Oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of marine engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine engines, in particular to an oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of a marine engine.
Background
Marine engines, generally referred to as marine diesel engines, have high thermal efficiency, good economy, easy starting, and great adaptability to various ships, and have been used as propulsion power for ships.
With the importance of environmental protection and the problem of exhaustion of fossil energy. Thus, a dual fuel engine has emerged, which refers to an engine that can use both fuel oil and natural gas as fuel. And the dual fuel engine can be switched between fuel and gas modes.
Currently, the following disadvantages still exist in the operation process of a dual-fuel engine:
1. the ignition mode is adopted in the gas state, and the igniter is arranged in the cylinder, so that the igniter is easy to break down in the fuel state;
2. in the switching process of fuel oil and fuel gas, the exhaust emission in the cylinder is incomplete, which is easy to cause insufficient combustion in the fuel oil state, or the cylinder is in fire in the fuel gas state, the combustion effect is poor, and the power loss is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a method for switching oil and gas dual fuel of a marine engine, wherein the fuel state seals an igniter, and the igniter is prevented from being broken down and damaged; in the fuel oil and gas switching process, the waste gas in the cylinder is actively discharged, and the combustion effect after switching is improved.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for switching oil and gas dual fuel of a marine engine comprises the following steps:
A. starting:
the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil and starts the engine, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited in a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism;
b1, converting fuel gas, wherein the engine reaches the fuel gas condition:
the ignition mechanism is converted into an exposed state, the control system controls the gas system to supply natural gas, and at the moment, the natural gas is ignited by the ignition mechanism;
b2, converting fuel oil:
the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited by a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism.
Further, the engine includes: the crankcase that upwards opens, be provided with a plurality of bearing frames on the crankcase, one side of crankcase is provided with the flywheel guard shield, be provided with the bent axle through the bearing rotation in the bearing frame, the one end coaxial of bent axle is provided with starter pulley, timing wheel, and the other end is provided with the flywheel, the flywheel is rotatory to be set up in the flywheel guard shield, and the slip is provided with a plurality of pistons on the bent axle, and the crankcase upper end seals and is provided with the piston box, the piston box includes: the piston boxes at two sides of the cylinders are respectively provided with an air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber, the air inlet chambers are communicated with a gas rail and an air inlet channel, the outlet ends of the gas rail are communicated with electromagnetic valves, the air outlet chambers are communicated with an air outlet channel, the air inlet channels and the air outlet channel are respectively communicated with an air inlet manifold and an air outlet manifold, and the upper ends of the piston boxes are provided with cylinder covers in a sealing way; also comprises a control mechanism.
The ignition mechanism is closed and exposed by a switching device, and the switching device comprises:
one side of cylinder cap is provided with the fuel oil rail, and the upper end of cylinder cap is provided with the actuating mechanism with control mechanism electrical connection, is provided with the section in the cylinder cap for annular spout, spout internalization is provided with a section of thick bamboo soon, be provided with the breach on the section of thick bamboo soon, make a section of thick bamboo soon be semicircle annular, be provided with half tooth on the section of thick bamboo outer wall soon, the meshing is provided with the gear on the half tooth, the gear is connected with actuating mechanism transmission, and the middle part of a section of thick bamboo soon is provided with the oil duct, the one end of oil duct is provided with the nozzle, and the inside top of cylinder cap is provided with the some firearm.
The driving mechanism drives the rotary cylinder to rotate through gear and half-tooth transmission, wherein:
when the rotary cylinder is positioned outside the chute and the igniter is in a closed state, a nozzle arranged at one end of the oil duct is positioned under the igniter, the other end of the oil duct is communicated with the fuel oil rail, and a monomer pump is arranged at the outlet end of the fuel oil rail in a communicated manner.
Further, the control mechanism includes:
the monitoring instrument is used for monitoring the running state, the fuel gas supply state and the fuel oil supply state of the engine, the monitoring instrument is electrically connected with a fuel gas ECU, a fuel oil ECU, a rotating speed sensor and a monitoring sensor, the fuel gas ECU and the fuel oil ECU respectively control the fuel gas or the fuel oil of the engine, the fuel gas ECU is electrically connected with a fuel gas temperature and pressure sensor, and the fuel oil ECU is electrically connected with a fuel oil temperature and pressure sensor.
Further, the monitor, the gas ECU and the fuel ECU are electrically connected through a CAN bus.
Further, the monitoring sensor includes:
the bearing temperature detector is arranged on the bearing seat and used for monitoring the temperature of the bearing inner shaft during operation;
the crankshaft phase sensor is arranged at the free end of the crankshaft and used for monitoring the running position of the crankshaft;
the supercharging pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring the pressure and the temperature of the air inlet;
an oxygen sensor for monitoring the nutrient content of the exhaust gas;
the knocking sensor is used for monitoring whether knocking occurs in the cylinder during fuel gas and fuel oil;
the cylinder exhaust temperature sensor is used for monitoring the exhaust temperature of each cylinder of the engine;
the water temperature sensor is used for monitoring a cooling system of the engine;
the engine oil pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring a lubricating system of the engine;
the flywheel phase sensor is arranged at the flywheel surface of the flywheel and used for monitoring the running state of the flywheel;
and the camshaft phase sensor is used for monitoring the operation state of the fuel pump.
Further, the step a, starting, includes:
the monitor controls the fuel ECU to be started and the fuel ECU to be standby,
the monitor controls the driving mechanism to operate, the igniter is sealed in the rotary cylinder,
the fuel ECU monitors the fuel temperature and pressure sensor, and the parameters of the monitoring sensor accord with the starting conditions, the fuel ECU controls the starter to drive the starter wheel to rotate,
the fuel ECU controls the start and stop of the unit pump, the fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail, the unit pump, the oil duct and the nozzle until being sprayed into the cylinder, and simultaneously, the air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet duct and the air inlet chamber until entering the cylinder,
at the moment, fuel oil and air in a cylinder of the engine are mixed, compression ignition is carried out under the action of a piston, the engine is started, and the fuel oil is operated;
further, the step B1 of converting fuel gas includes:
the monitor controls the starting of the fuel ECU, the standby of the fuel ECU,
the monitor controls the driving mechanism to operate, the igniter is exposed from the notch of the rotary cylinder,
the fuel gas ECU monitors that various parameters of the fuel gas temperature and pressure sensor and the monitoring sensor accord with operation conditions, the fuel gas ECU controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened, fuel gas sequentially passes through the fuel gas rail, the electromagnetic valve and the air inlet chamber until entering the cylinder, meanwhile, air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel and the air inlet chamber until entering the cylinder,
at the moment, the fuel gas in the cylinder of the engine is mixed with air, the fuel gas ECU controls the starting of the igniter to ignite the fuel gas, and the engine is operated;
further, the step B2 of converting fuel includes:
the monitor controls the fuel ECU to be started and the fuel ECU to be standby,
the monitor controls the driving mechanism to operate, the igniter is sealed in the rotary cylinder,
the fuel ECU monitors the fuel temperature and pressure sensor and the parameters of the monitoring sensor to meet the starting conditions, controls the single pump to start and stop, the fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail, the single pump, the oil duct and the nozzle until being sprayed into the cylinder, and simultaneously, the air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet duct and the air inlet chamber until entering the cylinder,
at this time, the fuel in the cylinder of the engine is mixed with air, and compression ignition is carried out under the action of the piston, so that the fuel of the engine runs.
Further, a motor meshed with the flywheel is arranged on the flywheel protecting cover, and the motor is electrically connected with the control mechanism and used for driving the flywheel to rotate.
Further, the switching between the step B1 and the step B2 is performed for switching between the fuel gas and the fuel oil:
the monitor controls the driving mechanism to operate, and simultaneously, the monitor controls the motor to rotate, so that the number of turns of the flywheel is more than or equal to 2, the flywheel drives the crankshaft to rotate, and at the moment, the cylinder moves in the piston and discharges waste gas in the piston.
The oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine has the advantages that:
1. the position of the rotary cylinder is adjusted through the operation of the driving mechanism, so that the igniter is in a closed state or an exposed state and is respectively used for fuel oil operation and gas operation;
2. the flywheel is driven to rotate by the motor, so that waste gas in the cylinder is extruded and discharged by the piston.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and the drawings in the following description are embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a general explosion of a method for switching dual fuel of fuel gas for a marine engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic illustration in partial section of an example of the present invention for providing a method for switching dual fuel of fuel gas for a marine engine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a partial enlarged cross-section of a method for switching dual fuel of fuel gas for a marine engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a monitor for a method for switching dual fuel of oil and gas of a marine engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
10. a crankcase, 11, a bearing seat, 12, a flywheel shield, 13 and a motor,
20. a crankshaft, 21, a starting wheel, 22, a timing wheel, 23, a flywheel, 24 and a piston,
30. a piston box 31, a gas rail 32, a cylinder 33, a solenoid valve 34, an air inlet chamber 35, an air inlet channel 37, an air outlet chamber 38, an air outlet channel,
40. top cover, 41, fuel oil rail, 42, driving mechanism, 43, chute, 44, rotary cylinder, 45, half tooth, 46, oil duct, 47, nozzle, 48, unit pump, 49, igniter, 420, gear,
50. monitor, 51, gas ECU,52, fuel ECU,53, gas temperature and pressure sensor, 54, fuel temperature and pressure sensor, 55, rotation speed sensor, 56, monitor sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly and clearly describe the specific implementation objects and embodiments of the present invention, the following description will fully describe the technical solutions of the present invention, and the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments based on the described embodiments of the invention fall within the scope of the invention without making inventive efforts.
The invention relates to a method for switching oil and gas dual fuel of a marine engine, which is characterized in that a switching device is used for switching the closing and the exposing of an ignition mechanism, and the engine, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps: the crankcase 10 that upwards opens is provided with a plurality of bearing frames 11 on the crankcase 10, and one side of crankcase 10 is provided with flywheel guard 12, the bearing frame 11 rotation is provided with bent axle 20, the one end coaxial of bent axle 20 is provided with starter wheel 21, timing wheel 22, and the other end is provided with flywheel 23, flywheel 23 rotatory setting is in flywheel guard 12, and the slip is provided with a plurality of pistons 24 on the bent axle 20, and crankcase 10 upper end seals and is provided with piston box 30, piston box 30 includes: a plurality of cylinders 32 movably sleeved outside the piston 24, and a top cover 40 is arranged at the upper end of the piston box 30 in a sealing manner; also comprises a control mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1, the flywheel shield 12 is provided with a motor 13 that is meshed with the flywheel 23, the motor 13 is electrically connected with the control mechanism, and the motor 13 drives the flywheel 23 to rotate when converting fuel oil or fuel gas, and the number of turns of the flywheel 23 is greater than or equal to 2.
The piston boxes 30 on two sides of the cylinder 32 are respectively provided with an air inlet chamber 34 and an air outlet chamber 37, the air inlet chamber 34 is communicated with a gas rail 31 and an air inlet channel 35, the outlet end of the gas rail 31 is communicated with an electromagnetic valve 33, the air outlet chamber 37 is communicated with an air outlet channel 38, and the air inlet channel 35 and the air outlet channel 38 are respectively communicated with an air inlet manifold and an air outlet manifold.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a fuel rail 41 is disposed on one side of the top cover 40, a driving mechanism 42 electrically connected with the control mechanism is disposed at the upper end of the top cover 40, the driving mechanism 42 is configured as a driving motor, and a limit switch is disposed on the driving motor, so that the driving motor is controlled by the control mechanism to drive the rotary cylinder 44 to rotate forward and backward, and meanwhile, the rotary cylinder 44 is stopped at a limit position. The top cover 40 is internally provided with a cylindrical chute 43, a rotary cylinder 44 is movably arranged in the chute 43, a notch is arranged on the rotary cylinder 44, and the edge of the notch arranged on the rotary cylinder 44 is provided with a concave curved surface and is co-curved with the top end inside the top cover 40. The outer wall of the rotary cylinder 44 is provided with a half tooth 45, the half tooth 45 is meshed with a gear 420, the gear 420 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism 42, the middle part of the rotary cylinder 44 is provided with an oil duct 46, one end of the oil duct 46 is provided with a nozzle 47, the other end of the oil duct is communicated with the fuel oil rail 41, the outlet end of the fuel oil rail 41 is communicated with a unit pump 48, the top end inside the top cover 40 is provided with an electrical connection point fire arm 49 with the control mechanism, and the fire arm 49 is arranged inside the rotary cylinder 44 in a sealing mode and is exposed out from a notch of the rotary cylinder 44.
The control mechanism, as shown in fig. 4, includes:
the monitoring instrument 50 is used for monitoring the running state, the fuel gas supply state and the fuel oil supply state of the engine, the monitoring instrument 50 is electrically connected with the fuel gas ECU 51, the fuel oil ECU52, the rotating speed sensor 55 and the monitoring sensor 56 in a CAN bus mode, the fuel gas ECU 51 and the fuel oil ECU52 respectively control the fuel gas or the fuel oil of the engine, the fuel gas ECU 51 is electrically connected with the fuel gas temperature and pressure sensor 53, and the fuel oil ECU52 is electrically connected with the fuel oil temperature and pressure sensor 54. As shown in fig. 4, the monitoring sensor 56 includes: the bearing temperature detector is arranged on the bearing seat 11 and is used for monitoring the temperature of the bearing 11 during the running of the inner shaft; the crankshaft phase sensor is arranged at the free end of the crankshaft 20 and used for monitoring the running position of the crankshaft; the supercharging pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring the pressure and the temperature of the air inlet; an oxygen sensor for monitoring the nutrient content of the exhaust gas; the knocking sensor is used for monitoring whether knocking occurs in the cylinder during fuel gas and fuel oil; the cylinder exhaust temperature sensor is used for monitoring the exhaust temperature of each cylinder of the engine; the water temperature sensor is used for monitoring a cooling system of the engine; the engine oil pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring a lubricating system of the engine; the flywheel phase sensor is arranged at the wheel surface of the flywheel 23 and used for monitoring the running state of the flywheel 23; and the camshaft phase sensor is used for monitoring the operation state of the fuel pump.
According to the specific structure of the switching device in the above embodiment, a method for switching dual fuel of oil and gas of a marine engine is further described below:
A. starting:
the monitor 50 controls the fuel ECU52 to be started and the fuel ECU 51 to be standby;
the monitor 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and the igniter 49 is enclosed in the rotary cylinder 44;
the fuel ECU52 monitors that various parameters of the fuel temperature and pressure sensor 54 and the monitoring sensor 56 meet starting conditions, the fuel ECU52 controls the starter to drive the starter wheel 21 to rotate, and meanwhile, the control mechanism controls the motor 13 to drive the flywheel 23 in the flywheel shield 12 to rotate, so that the load of the starter is reduced;
the fuel ECU52 controls the start and stop of the unit pump 48, and fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail 41, the unit pump 48, the oil duct 46 and the nozzle 47 until being sprayed into the cylinder 32, and simultaneously, air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel 35 and the air inlet chamber 34 until entering the cylinder 32;
at this point, the fuel is mixed with air in the engine's cylinders 32 and compression ignited by the pistons 24, the engine starts, and the fuel is operated.
B1, converting fuel gas:
the monitor 50 controls the fuel ECU52 for standby, the fuel ECU52 stops fuel supply, the monitor 50 controls the motor 13 to drive the flywheel 23 to rotate, the number of turns of the flywheel 23 is more than or equal to 2, the crankshaft 20 is driven to rotate by the flywheel 23, and the piston 24 discharges waste gas in the cylinder 32;
the monitor 50 controls the starting of the fuel gas ECU 51, the fuel oil ECU52 is standby, the monitor 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and the igniter 49 is exposed from the notch of the rotary cylinder 44;
the gas ECU 51 monitors that various parameters of the gas temperature and pressure sensor 53 and the monitoring sensor 56 meet operation conditions, the gas ECU 51 controls the electromagnetic valve 33 to be opened, the gas sequentially passes through the gas rail 31, the electromagnetic valve 33 and the air inlet chamber 34 until entering the cylinder 32, and meanwhile, the air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel 35 and the air inlet chamber 34 until entering the cylinder 32;
at this time, the gas in the cylinder 32 of the engine is mixed with air, and the gas ECU 51 controls the igniter 49 to be started, thereby igniting the gas and operating the engine gas.
B2, converting fuel oil:
the monitoring instrument 50 and the fuel gas ECU 51 are standby, the fuel gas ECU 51 stops fuel gas supply, the monitoring instrument 50 controls the motor 13 to drive the flywheel 23 to rotate, the number of turns of the flywheel 23 is more than or equal to 2 weeks, the crankshaft 20 is driven to rotate by the turns, and the piston 24 discharges waste gas in the cylinder 32;
the monitor 50 controls the fuel ECU52 to be started, the monitor 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and the igniter 49 is sealed in the rotary cylinder 44;
the fuel ECU52 monitors that various parameters of the fuel temperature and pressure sensor 54 and the monitoring sensor 56 meet starting conditions, the fuel ECU52 controls the single pump 48 to start and stop, fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail 41, the single pump 48, the oil duct 46 and the nozzle 47 until being sprayed into the cylinder 32, and simultaneously, air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet duct 35 and the air inlet chamber 34 until entering the cylinder 32;
the fuel in the engine's cylinders 32 is now mixed with air and compression ignited by the pistons 24 and the engine's fuel is operated.
B3, mixing and co-combustion of oil and gas:
in the step B1, when the fuel gas is converted into the operating state, the monitor 50 controls the fuel ECU52 to be started;
the monitor 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and the igniter 49 is enclosed in the rotary cylinder 44;
the fuel gas ECU 51 monitors that the parameters of the fuel gas temperature and pressure sensor 53 and the monitoring sensor 56 meet the operation conditions, and simultaneously, the fuel oil ECU52 monitors that the parameters of the fuel gas temperature and pressure sensor 54 and the monitoring sensor 56 meet the starting conditions;
the gas ECU 51 controls the solenoid valve 33 to be opened, and the gas sequentially passes through the gas rail 31, the solenoid valve 33 and the air inlet chamber 34 until entering the cylinder 32, and simultaneously, the air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel 35 and the air inlet chamber 34 until entering the cylinder 32;
the fuel ECU52 controls the start and stop of the unit pump 48, and the fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail 41, the unit pump 48, the oil duct 46 and the nozzle 47 until being injected into the cylinder 32, and the fuel is compression-ignited;
the compression-ignited fuel ignites the fuel within the cylinders 32 and the engine operates with mixed fuel and air.
The above-mentioned step B1, converting fuel gas and step B2, converting fuel oil, in this process, the exhaust gas in the piston 24 is discharged through the movement of the cylinder 32, and the specific process is as follows:
the monitor 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and at the same time, the monitor 50 controls the motor 13 to rotate, so that the number of turns of the flywheel 23 is greater than or equal to 2, the flywheel 23 drives the crankshaft 20 to rotate, at this time, the cylinder 32 moves in the piston 24, and exhaust gas in the piston 24 is discharged.
With the above description, the embodiments of the oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine according to the present invention are taught, and related workers can completely make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for switching oil and gas dual fuel of a marine engine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. starting:
the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil and starts the engine, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited in a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism;
b1, converting fuel gas, wherein the engine reaches the fuel gas condition:
the ignition mechanism is converted into an exposed state, the control system controls the gas system to supply natural gas, and at the moment, the natural gas is ignited by the ignition mechanism;
b2, converting fuel oil:
the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited by a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism.
2. A method of dual fuel switching for a marine engine as claimed in claim 1, said engine comprising: upwards open crankcase (10), be provided with a plurality of bearing frames (11) on crankcase (10), one side of crankcase (10) is provided with flywheel guard shield (12), be provided with bent axle (20) through the bearing rotation in bearing frame (11), the one end coaxial of bent axle (20) is provided with start-up wheel (21), timing wheel (22), and the other end is provided with flywheel (23), flywheel (23) rotation sets up in flywheel guard shield (12), and the slip is provided with a plurality of pistons (24) on bent axle (20), and crankcase (10) upper end is sealed to be provided with piston box (30), piston box (30) include: the piston engine comprises a plurality of cylinders (32) movably sleeved outside a piston (24), wherein an air inlet chamber (34) and an air outlet chamber (37) are respectively arranged on piston boxes (30) on two sides of the cylinders (32), a fuel gas air rail (31) and an air inlet channel (35) are communicated and arranged in the air inlet chamber (34), an electromagnetic valve (33) is arranged at the outlet end of the fuel gas air rail (31) in a communicated mode, an air outlet channel (38) is arranged at the air outlet chamber (37) in a communicated mode, the air inlet channel (35) and the air outlet channel (38) are respectively communicated with an air inlet manifold and an air outlet manifold, and a cylinder cover (40) is arranged at the upper end of the piston boxes (30) in a sealed mode; still include control mechanism, its characterized in that:
the ignition mechanism is closed and exposed by a switching device, and the switching device comprises:
one side of the cylinder cover (40) is provided with a fuel oil rail (41), the upper end of the cylinder cover (40) is provided with a driving mechanism (42) electrically connected with a control mechanism, a chute (43) with an annular section is arranged in the cylinder cover (40), a rotary cylinder (44) is movably arranged in the chute (43), a notch is arranged on the rotary cylinder (44), the section of the rotary cylinder (44) is semicircular, a half tooth (45) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary cylinder (44), a gear (420) is meshed with the half tooth (45), the gear (420) is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism (42), the middle part of the rotary cylinder (44) is provided with an oil duct (46), one end of the oil duct (46) is provided with a nozzle (47), and the top end inside the cylinder cover (40) is provided with an igniter (49),
the driving mechanism (42) drives the rotary cylinder (44) to rotate through the transmission of the gear (420) and the half tooth (45), wherein:
when the rotary cylinder (44) is positioned outside the sliding groove (43) and the igniter (49) is in a closed state, a nozzle (47) arranged at one end of the oil duct (46) is positioned under the igniter (49), the other end of the oil duct (46) is communicated with the fuel oil rail (41), and a monomer pump (48) is arranged at the outlet end of the fuel oil rail (41).
3. The method for switching the oil and gas dual fuel of the marine engine according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the control mechanism includes:
the monitoring instrument (50) is used for monitoring the running state, the fuel gas supply state and the fuel oil supply state of the engine, the fuel gas ECU (51), the fuel oil ECU (52), the rotating speed sensor (55) and the monitoring sensor (56) are electrically connected to the monitoring instrument (50), the fuel gas ECU (51) and the fuel oil ECU (52) respectively control the fuel gas or the fuel oil of the engine, the fuel gas temperature and pressure sensor (53) is electrically connected to the fuel gas ECU (51), and the fuel oil temperature and pressure sensor (54) is electrically connected to the fuel oil ECU (52).
4. A method of switching between dual fuel for marine engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
the monitoring instrument (50), the gas ECU (51) and the fuel ECU (52) are electrically connected through a CAN bus.
5. A method of switching between dual fuel for marine engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
the monitoring sensor (56) includes:
the bearing temperature detector is arranged on the bearing seat (11) and is used for monitoring the temperature of the bearing (11) during the inner shaft running;
the crankshaft phase sensor is arranged at the free end of the crankshaft (20) and used for monitoring the running position of the crankshaft;
the supercharging pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring the pressure and the temperature of the air inlet;
an oxygen sensor for monitoring the nutrient content of the exhaust gas;
the knocking sensor is used for monitoring whether knocking occurs in the cylinder during fuel gas and fuel oil;
the cylinder exhaust temperature sensor is used for monitoring the exhaust temperature of each cylinder of the engine;
the water temperature sensor is used for monitoring a cooling system of the engine;
the engine oil pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring a lubricating system of the engine;
the flywheel phase sensor is arranged at the flywheel surface of the flywheel (23) and used for monitoring the running state of the flywheel (23);
and the camshaft phase sensor is used for monitoring the operation state of the fuel pump.
6. The method for switching the oil and gas dual fuel of the marine engine according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the step A, starting, including:
the monitor (50) controls the starting of the fuel ECU (52) and the standby of the fuel ECU (51),
the monitor (50) controls the driving mechanism (42) to operate, the igniter (49) is sealed in the rotary cylinder (44),
the fuel ECU (52) monitors that various parameters of the fuel temperature and pressure sensor (54) and the monitoring sensor (56) accord with starting conditions, the fuel ECU (52) controls the starter to drive the starter wheel (21) to rotate,
the fuel ECU (52) controls the single pump (48) to start and stop, the fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail (41), the single pump (48), the oil duct (46) and the nozzle (47) until being sprayed into the cylinder (32), and simultaneously, the air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel (35) and the air inlet chamber (34) until entering the cylinder (32),
at the moment, fuel oil and air in a cylinder (32) of the engine are mixed, compression ignition is carried out under the action of a piston (24), and the engine is started and runs with the fuel oil;
7. the method for switching the oil and gas dual fuel of the marine engine according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the step B1 is to convert fuel gas, and comprises the following steps:
the monitor (50) controls the starting of the fuel ECU (51) and the standby of the fuel ECU (52),
the monitor (50) controls the driving mechanism (42) to operate, the igniter (49) is exposed from the notch of the rotary cylinder (44),
the fuel gas ECU (51) monitors that various parameters of the fuel gas temperature and pressure sensor (53) and the monitoring sensor (56) accord with operation conditions, the fuel gas ECU (51) controls the electromagnetic valve (33) to be opened, fuel gas sequentially passes through the fuel gas rail (31), the electromagnetic valve (33) and the air inlet chamber (34) until entering the cylinder (32), meanwhile, air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel (35) and the air inlet chamber (34) until entering the cylinder (32),
at the moment, the fuel gas in the cylinder (32) of the engine is mixed with air, the fuel gas ECU (51) controls the igniter (49) to start, the fuel gas is ignited, and the engine is operated;
8. the method for switching the oil and gas dual fuel of the marine engine according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and B2, converting fuel oil, wherein the step comprises the following steps:
the monitor (50) controls the starting of the fuel ECU (52) and the standby of the fuel ECU (51),
the monitor (50) controls the driving mechanism (42) to operate, the igniter (49) is sealed in the rotary cylinder (44),
the fuel ECU (52) monitors that various parameters of the fuel temperature and pressure sensor (54) and the monitoring sensor (56) meet starting conditions, the fuel ECU (52) controls the single pump (48) to start and stop, fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail (41), the single pump (48), the oil duct (46) and the nozzle (47) until being sprayed into the cylinder (32), meanwhile, air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel (35) and the air inlet chamber (34) until entering the cylinder (32),
at this time, fuel is mixed with air in a cylinder (32) of the engine, and compression ignition is performed by a piston (24), and the engine fuel is operated.
9. The method for switching the oil and gas dual fuel of the marine engine according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the flywheel shield (12) is provided with a motor (13) which is meshed with the flywheel (23), and the motor (13) is electrically connected with the control mechanism and is used for driving the flywheel (23) to rotate.
10. The method for switching the oil and gas dual fuel of the marine engine according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and B1, switching between the fuel gas conversion step and the fuel oil conversion step B2:
the monitor (50) controls the driving mechanism (42) to operate, meanwhile, the monitor (50) controls the motor (13) to rotate, the number of turns of the flywheel (23) is more than or equal to 2, the flywheel (23) drives the crankshaft (20) to rotate, at the moment, the cylinder (32) moves in the piston (24), and exhaust gas in the piston (24) is discharged.
CN202211041094.8A 2021-07-27 2021-07-27 Oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of marine engine Active CN115387919B (en)

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