CN115387919A - Oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of marine engine - Google Patents

Oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of marine engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115387919A
CN115387919A CN202211041094.8A CN202211041094A CN115387919A CN 115387919 A CN115387919 A CN 115387919A CN 202211041094 A CN202211041094 A CN 202211041094A CN 115387919 A CN115387919 A CN 115387919A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel
gas
oil
engine
cylinder
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CN202211041094.8A
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CN115387919B (en
Inventor
黄猛
辛强之
贾宝富
王延瑞
杨尚刚
袁磊
王伟
刘毅
穆振仟
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Zichai Power Co ltd
Zichai Machinery Co ltd
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Zichai Power Co ltd
Zichai Machinery Co ltd
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Publication of CN115387919A publication Critical patent/CN115387919A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
    • F02B69/02—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel
    • F02B69/04—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel for gaseous and non-gaseous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/12—Other methods of operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • F02B77/085—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices with sensors measuring combustion processes, e.g. knocking, pressure, ionization, combustion flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • F02B77/085—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices with sensors measuring combustion processes, e.g. knocking, pressure, ionization, combustion flame
    • F02B77/086—Sensor arrangements in the exhaust, e.g. for temperature, misfire, air/fuel ratio, oxygen sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0613—Switch-over from one fuel to another
    • F02D19/0615—Switch-over from one fuel to another being initiated by automatic means, e.g. based on engine or vehicle operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0684—High pressure fuel injection systems; Details on pumps, rails or the arrangement of valves in the fuel supply and return systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0697—Arrangement of fuel supply systems on engines or vehicle bodies; Components of the fuel supply system being combined with another device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/10—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous
    • F02D19/105—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous operating in a special mode, e.g. in a liquid fuel only mode for starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/12—Other methods of operation
    • F02B2075/125—Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of a marine engine, which comprises the following steps: the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil, and the engine is started, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited in a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism; when the engine reaches the gas condition, the gas is converted: the ignition mechanism is switched to be in an exposed state, the control system controls the gas system to supply natural gas, and at the moment, the natural gas is ignited through the ignition mechanism; converting fuel oil: the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited in a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism. The switching device switches the ignition mechanism to be closed and exposed. According to the oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine, the igniter is sealed in the fuel state, so that the igniter is prevented from being broken down and damaged; in the fuel oil and gas switching process, the waste gas in the cylinder is actively discharged, and the combustion effect after switching is improved.

Description

Oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of marine engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine engines, in particular to an oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of a marine engine.
Background
Marine engines, generally referred to as marine diesel engines, have high thermal efficiency, good economy, easy starting, and great adaptability to various types of ships, and have been used as ship propulsion power.
With the attention on environmental protection and the exhaustion of fossil energy. Therefore, a dual-fuel engine is developed, and the dual-fuel engine refers to an engine which can use fuel oil as fuel and can select natural gas as fuel. And the dual fuel engine can be switched between fuel and gas modes.
At present, the following defects still exist in the running process of the dual-fuel engine:
1. an ignition mode is adopted in a gas state, and an igniter is arranged in a cylinder and is easy to cause igniter failure in a fuel oil state;
2. in the switching process of fuel oil and fuel gas, the exhaust emission in the cylinder is incomplete, so that insufficient combustion is easily caused in the fuel oil state, or the cylinder catches fire in the fuel gas state, the combustion effect is poor, and the power loss is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides an oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of a marine engine, wherein an igniter is closed in a fuel state, so that the igniter is prevented from being broken down and damaged; in the fuel oil and gas switching process, the waste gas in the cylinder is actively discharged, and the combustion effect after switching is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an oil-gas dual-fuel switching method for a marine engine comprises the following steps:
A. starting:
the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil, and the engine is started, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited in a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism;
b1, gas is converted, and the engine achieves the gas condition:
the ignition mechanism is switched to be in an exposed state, the control system controls the gas system to supply natural gas, and at the moment, the natural gas is ignited through the ignition mechanism;
b2, converting fuel oil:
the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited in a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism.
Further, the engine includes: the crank case that upwards opens, be provided with a plurality of bearing frames on the crank case, one side of crank case is provided with the flywheel guard shield, be provided with the bent axle through the bearing rotation in the bearing frame, the coaxial starter wheel, the right-hand wheel that is provided with of one end of bent axle, the other end is provided with the flywheel, the flywheel rotation sets up in the flywheel guard shield, and the epaxial slip of bent axle is provided with a plurality of pistons, and the sealed piston case that is provided with of crank case upper end, the piston case includes: the gas cylinder comprises a plurality of cylinders movably sleeved outside a piston, wherein piston boxes on two sides of the cylinders are respectively provided with an air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber, the air inlet chamber is communicated with a gas rail and an air inlet channel, the outlet end of the gas rail is communicated with an electromagnetic valve, the air outlet chamber is communicated with an air outlet channel, the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel are respectively communicated with an air inlet manifold and an air outlet manifold, and the upper end of each piston box is hermetically provided with a cylinder cover; also comprises a control mechanism.
The switching device is used for switching the ignition mechanism between a closed state and an exposed state, and comprises:
one side of cylinder cap is provided with the fuel oil rail, and the upper end of cylinder cap is provided with the actuating mechanism with control mechanism electrical connection, is provided with the section in the cylinder cap for annular spout, the spout internalization is provided with revolves a section of thick bamboo, it is annular to make a section of thick bamboo of revolving be the semicircle, revolves and is provided with half a tooth on the section of thick bamboo outer wall, the meshing is provided with the gear on the half tooth, the gear is connected with the actuating mechanism transmission, and the middle part of revolving a section of thick bamboo is provided with the oil duct, the one end of oil duct is provided with the nozzle, and the inside top of cylinder cap is provided with some firearm.
The actuating mechanism drives the rotary drum to rotate through gear and half-tooth transmission, wherein:
when the rotary cylinder is positioned outside the sliding groove and the igniter is in a closed state, the nozzle arranged at one end of the oil duct is positioned right below the igniter, the other end of the oil duct is communicated with a fuel oil rail, and the outlet end of the fuel oil rail is communicated with a monomer pump;
when the rotary cylinder is in the sliding groove and the igniter is in an exposed state, the rotary cylinder is sealed in the sliding groove, so that two ends of the oil duct are sealed by the groove wall of the sliding groove.
Further, the control mechanism includes:
the monitoring instrument is used for monitoring the running state, the gas supply state and the fuel supply state of the engine, the monitoring instrument is electrically connected with a gas ECU, a fuel ECU, a rotating speed sensor and a monitoring sensor, the gas ECU and the fuel ECU respectively control the gas or the fuel of the engine, the gas ECU is electrically connected with a gas temperature and pressure sensor, and the fuel ECU is electrically connected with a fuel temperature and pressure sensor.
Further, the monitor, the gas ECU and the fuel ECU are electrically connected in a CAN bus mode.
Further, the monitoring sensor includes:
the bearing temperature detector is arranged on the bearing seat and used for monitoring the temperature of the bearing in the bearing seat during operation;
the crankshaft phase sensor is arranged at the free end of the crankshaft and used for monitoring the running position of the crankshaft;
the supercharging pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring the pressure and temperature of the intake air;
an oxygen sensor to monitor the nutrient content of the exhaust gas;
the knock sensor is used for monitoring whether knocking occurs in the cylinder during gas and fuel combustion;
the cylinder exhaust temperature sensor is used for monitoring the exhaust temperature of each cylinder of the engine;
a water temperature sensor for monitoring a cooling system of the engine;
the engine oil pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring a lubricating system of the engine;
the flywheel phase sensor is arranged on the wheel surface of the flywheel and used for monitoring the running state of the flywheel;
and the camshaft phase sensor is used for monitoring the running state of the fuel pump.
Further, the step a, starting, includes:
the monitor controls the fuel ECU to be started, the fuel ECU is reserved,
the monitor controls the driving mechanism to operate, the igniter is sealed in the rotary cylinder,
the fuel ECU monitors various parameters of the fuel temperature and pressure sensor and the monitoring sensor to meet the starting condition, the fuel ECU controls the starter to drive the starting wheel to rotate,
the fuel ECU controls the start and stop of the monomer pump, fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail, the monomer pump, the oil duct and the nozzle until being sprayed into the cylinder, meanwhile, air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet duct and the air inlet chamber until entering the cylinder,
at the moment, the fuel in the cylinder of the engine is mixed with air and is subjected to compression ignition under the action of the piston, and the engine is started and runs by using fuel;
further, step B1, converting the fuel gas includes:
the monitor controls the gas ECU to be started and the fuel ECU to be reserved,
the monitor controls the driving mechanism to operate, the igniter is exposed out of the gap of the rotary cylinder,
the gas ECU monitors various parameters of the gas temperature and pressure sensor and the monitoring sensor to meet the operating conditions, the gas ECU controls the electromagnetic valve to open, the gas passes through the gas rail, the electromagnetic valve and the air inlet chamber in sequence until entering the cylinder, meanwhile, the air passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel and the air inlet chamber in sequence until entering the cylinder,
at the moment, gas in a cylinder of the engine is mixed with air, the gas ECU controls an igniter to start, the gas is ignited, and the gas of the engine runs;
further, step B2, converting fuel oil, including:
the monitor controls the fuel ECU to be started, the fuel ECU is reserved,
the monitor controls the driving mechanism to operate, the igniter is sealed in the rotary cylinder,
the fuel ECU monitors various parameters of the fuel temperature and pressure sensor and the monitoring sensor to meet the starting condition, the fuel ECU controls the start and stop of the monomer pump, the fuel passes through the fuel rail, the monomer pump, the oil duct and the nozzle in sequence until being sprayed into the cylinder, meanwhile, the air passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet duct and the air inlet chamber in sequence until entering the cylinder,
at the moment, the fuel in the cylinder of the engine is mixed with air and is subjected to compression ignition under the action of the piston, and the engine runs by using the fuel.
Furthermore, a motor meshed with the flywheel is arranged on the flywheel shield and electrically connected with the control mechanism to drive the flywheel to rotate.
Further, the step B1, the step B2 and the step B1 are switched:
the monitoring instrument controls the gas ECU and the fuel ECU for standby, controls the driving mechanism to operate, controls the motor to rotate, enables the number of rotating circles of the flywheel to be more than or equal to 2, drives the crankshaft to rotate, and enables the cylinder to move in the piston and exhaust waste gas in the piston to be exhausted.
The oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine has the advantages that:
1. the position of the rotary cylinder is adjusted through the operation of the driving mechanism, so that the igniter is in a closed state or an exposed state and is respectively used for fuel oil operation and gas operation;
2. the flywheel is driven to rotate by the motor, so that the waste gas in the cylinder is extruded and discharged by the piston.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, reference will now be made in brief to the accompanying drawings, which are needed in the description, and in which embodiments of the present invention are illustrated.
FIG. 1 is a general exploded perspective view of an oil and gas dual fuel switching method for a marine engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of an enlarged cross section of an oil-gas dual fuel switching method of a marine engine provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a part of an enlarged cross-sectional view of an oil-gas dual fuel switching method for a marine engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring instrument for the oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of a marine engine according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
10. a crankcase, 11, a bearing seat, 12, a flywheel shield, 13 and a motor,
20. crankshaft, 21, starter wheel, 22, timing wheel, 23, flywheel, 24, piston,
30. piston box 31, gas rail 32, cylinder 33, electromagnetic valve 34, inlet chamber 35, inlet channel 37, outlet chamber 38, outlet channel,
40. a top cover 41, a fuel oil rail 42, a driving mechanism 43, a sliding chute 44, a rotary cylinder 45, a half tooth 46, an oil passage 47, a nozzle 48, a unit pump 49, an igniter 420, a gear,
50. the monitoring instrument 51, the gas ECU52, the fuel ECU 53, the gas temperature and pressure sensor 54, the fuel temperature and pressure sensor 55, the rotating speed sensor 56 and the monitoring sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly and clearly illustrate the specific implementation objects and the implementation modes of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is completely described below, and the described examples are a part of the examples of the invention, but not all the examples. All other embodiments based on the described embodiments of the invention are within the scope of the invention without making creative efforts.
The invention relates to an oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of a marine engine, which is characterized in that a switching device is used for switching the sealing and exposing of an ignition mechanism, and the engine comprises the following components as shown in figure 1: the engine comprises an upward-opening crankcase 10, wherein a plurality of bearing seats 11 are arranged on the crankcase 10, a flywheel shield 12 is arranged on one side of the crankcase 10, a crankshaft 20 is rotatably arranged in the bearing seats 11, one end of the crankshaft 20 is coaxially provided with a starting wheel 21 and a timing wheel 22, the other end of the crankshaft 20 is provided with a flywheel 23, the flywheel 23 is rotatably arranged in the flywheel shield 12, a plurality of pistons 24 are slidably arranged on the crankshaft 20, a piston box 30 is hermetically arranged at the upper end of the crankcase 10, and the piston box 30 comprises: a plurality of cylinders 32 movably sleeved outside the piston 24, and a top cover 40 is hermetically arranged at the upper end of the piston box 30; also comprises a control mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1, the flywheel shield 12 is provided with a motor 13 engaged with the flywheel 23, the motor 13 is electrically connected with the control mechanism, and the motor 13 drives the flywheel 23 to rotate when fuel oil and gas are converted, and the number of rotations of the flywheel 23 is more than or equal to 2.
An air inlet chamber 34 and an air outlet chamber 37 are respectively arranged on the piston boxes 30 on two sides of the cylinder 32, the air inlet chamber 34 is communicated with a gas rail 31 and an air inlet passage 35, the outlet end of the gas rail 31 is communicated with an electromagnetic valve 33, the air outlet chamber 37 is communicated with an air outlet passage 38, and the air inlet passage 35 and the air outlet passage 38 are respectively communicated with an air inlet manifold and an air outlet manifold.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a fuel rail 41 is disposed on one side of the top cover 40, a driving mechanism 42 electrically connected to the control mechanism is disposed at the upper end of the top cover 40, the driving mechanism 42 is a driving motor, and the driving motor is provided with a limit switch for controlling the driving motor to drive the rotary drum 44 to rotate forward and backward through the control mechanism, and meanwhile, the rotary drum 44 stops at a limit position. A cylindrical sliding groove 43 is arranged in the top cover 40, a rotary cylinder 44 is movably arranged in the sliding groove 43, a notch is arranged on the rotary cylinder 44, and the edge of the notch arranged on the rotary cylinder 44 is a concave curved surface and is a curved surface which is the same as the top end in the top cover 40. Be provided with half tooth 45 on revolving drum 44 outer wall, the meshing is provided with gear 420 on the half tooth 45, gear 420 is driven rotatoryly by actuating mechanism 42, and the middle part of revolving drum 44 is provided with oil duct 46, the one end of oil duct 46 is provided with nozzle 47, and the other end is linked together with fuel oil rail 41, and the exit end intercommunication of fuel oil rail 41 is provided with monoblock pump 48, and the inside top of top cap 40 is provided with and control mechanism electrical connection point firearm 49, firearm 49 seals the inside that sets up in revolving drum 44 to breach department by revolving drum 44 exposes.
As shown in fig. 4, the control mechanism includes:
the monitoring instrument 50 is provided with a gas ECU51, a fuel ECU52, a rotation speed sensor 55 and a monitoring sensor 56 in an electrical connection mode through a CAN bus, the gas ECU51 and the fuel ECU52 respectively control the gas or fuel of the engine, the gas ECU51 is provided with a gas temperature and pressure sensor 53 in an electrical connection mode, and the fuel ECU52 is provided with a fuel temperature and pressure sensor 54 in an electrical connection mode. As shown in fig. 4, the monitoring sensor 56 includes: the bearing temperature detector is arranged on the bearing seat 11 and used for monitoring the temperature of a bearing in the bearing seat 11 during operation; a crankshaft phase sensor disposed at a free end of the crankshaft 20 for monitoring an operating position of the crankshaft; the supercharging pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring the pressure and temperature of the intake air; the oxygen sensor is used for monitoring the nutrient content of the exhaust gas; the knock sensor is used for monitoring whether knocking occurs in the cylinder during gas and fuel combustion; the cylinder exhaust temperature sensor is used for monitoring the exhaust temperature of each cylinder of the engine; the water temperature sensor is used for monitoring a cooling system of the engine; the engine oil pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring a lubricating system of the engine; a flywheel phase sensor disposed on a wheel surface of the flywheel 23 for monitoring an operation state of the flywheel 23; and the camshaft phase sensor is used for monitoring the running state of the fuel pump.
According to the specific structure of the switching device in the above embodiment, the following further describes an oil-gas dual-fuel switching method for a marine engine:
A. starting:
the monitoring instrument 50 controls the fuel ECU52 to be started, and the gas ECU51 is reserved;
the monitor 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and the igniter 49 is sealed in the rotary cylinder 44;
the fuel ECU52 monitors that various parameters of the fuel temperature and pressure sensor 54 and the monitoring sensor 56 meet the starting conditions, the fuel ECU52 controls the starter to drive the starting wheel 21 to rotate, and meanwhile, the control mechanism controls the motor 13 to drive the flywheel 23 in the flywheel shield 12 to rotate, so that the load of the starter is reduced;
the fuel ECU52 controls the start and stop of the unit pump 48, fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail 41, the unit pump 48, the oil passage 46 and the nozzle 47 until being sprayed into the cylinder 32, and air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet passage 35 and the air inlet chamber 34 until entering the cylinder 32;
at this time, fuel is mixed with air in a cylinder 32 of the engine and compression ignition is performed under the action of a piston 24, and the engine is started and runs by fuel.
B1, converting fuel gas:
the monitor 50 controls the fuel ECU52 to be standby, the fuel ECU52 stops the fuel supply, the monitor 50 controls the motor 13 to drive the flywheel 23 to rotate, the number of revolutions of the flywheel 23 is more than or equal to 2, the crankshaft 20 is driven to rotate by the revolutions, and the piston 24 discharges the waste gas in the cylinder 32;
the monitoring instrument 50 controls the gas ECU51 to start, the fuel ECU52 is reserved, the monitoring instrument 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and the igniter 49 is exposed out of the notch of the rotary cylinder 44;
the gas ECU51 monitors various parameters of the gas temperature and pressure sensor 53 and the monitoring sensor 56 to meet the operation conditions, the gas ECU51 controls the electromagnetic valve 33 to be opened, the gas sequentially passes through the gas rail 31, the electromagnetic valve 33 and the gas inlet chamber 34 until entering the cylinder 32, and meanwhile, the air sequentially passes through the gas inlet manifold, the gas inlet passage 35 and the gas inlet chamber 34 until entering the cylinder 32;
at this time, the gas in the cylinder 32 of the engine is mixed with the air, and the gas ECU51 controls the igniter 49 to start, ignite the gas, and the engine gas is operated.
B2, converting fuel oil:
the gas ECU51 of the monitoring instrument 50 is standby, the gas ECU51 stops the gas supply, the monitoring instrument 50 controls the motor 13 to drive the flywheel 23 to rotate, the number of revolutions of the flywheel 23 is more than or equal to 2 weeks, the crankshaft 20 is driven to rotate by the revolutions, and the piston 24 discharges the waste gas in the cylinder 32;
the monitoring instrument 50 controls the fuel ECU52 to be started, the monitoring instrument 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and the igniter 49 is sealed in the rotary cylinder 44;
the fuel ECU52 monitors that various parameters of a fuel temperature and pressure sensor 54 and a monitoring sensor 56 meet the starting conditions, the fuel ECU52 controls the start and stop of the monoblock pump 48, the fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail 41, the monoblock pump 48, the oil passage 46 and the nozzle 47 until the fuel is sprayed into the cylinder 32, and meanwhile, the air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet passage 35 and the air inlet chamber 34 until the air enters the cylinder 32;
at this point, fuel is mixed with air in cylinder 32 of the engine and compression ignited by piston 24, and the engine is operated with fuel.
B3, mixing and co-combusting oil and gas:
in the step B1, under the condition of switching the gas operation state, the monitor 50 controls the fuel ECU52 to start;
the monitor 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and the igniter 49 is enclosed in the rotary cylinder 44;
the gas ECU51 monitors that various parameters of the gas temperature and pressure sensor 53 and the monitoring sensor 56 meet the operation conditions, and meanwhile, the fuel ECU52 monitors that various parameters of the fuel temperature and pressure sensor 54 and the monitoring sensor 56 meet the starting conditions;
the gas ECU51 controls the electromagnetic valve 33 to be opened, gas passes through the gas rail 31, the electromagnetic valve 33 and the air inlet chamber 34 in sequence until entering the cylinder 32, and air passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet passage 35 and the air inlet chamber 34 in sequence until entering the cylinder 32;
the fuel ECU52 controls the unit pump 48 to start and stop, the fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail 41, the unit pump 48, the oil duct 46 and the nozzle 47 until the fuel is injected into the cylinder 32, and the fuel is subjected to compression ignition;
the fuel oil subjected to compression ignition ignites the fuel gas in the cylinder 32, and the engine operates by mixed combustion of the fuel oil and the fuel gas.
Switching is carried out between the step B1, the step B2 and the step B2, and in the process, tail gas in the piston 24 is discharged through the movement of the cylinder 32, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
the monitor 50 controls the gas ECU51 and the fuel ECU52 for standby, the monitor 50 controls the driving mechanism 42 to operate, and at the same time, the monitor 50 controls the motor 13 to rotate, so that the number of revolutions of the flywheel 23 is greater than or equal to 2, the flywheel 23 drives the crankshaft 20 to rotate, and at this time, the cylinder 32 moves in the piston 24 and exhausts the exhaust gas in the piston 24.
Based on the above, the present invention provides an embodiment of a method for switching oil and gas dual fuels of a marine engine, and based on the above description, workers can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of a marine engine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. starting:
the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil, and the engine is started, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited in a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism;
b1, gas is converted, and the engine achieves the following gas conditions:
the ignition mechanism is switched to be in an exposed state, the control system controls the gas system to supply natural gas, and at the moment, the natural gas is ignited through the ignition mechanism;
b2, converting fuel oil:
the ignition mechanism is in a closed state, the control system controls the fuel system to supply diesel oil, and at the moment, the diesel oil is ignited in a compression ignition mode without the ignition mechanism.
2. The oil and gas dual fuel switching method of a marine engine as claimed in claim 1, the engine comprising: the engine comprises an upward-opening crankcase (10), wherein a plurality of bearing seats (11) are arranged on the crankcase (10), a flywheel shield (12) is arranged on one side of the crankcase (10), a crankshaft (20) is arranged in each bearing seat (11) in a rotating mode through a bearing, a starting wheel (21) and a timing wheel (22) are coaxially arranged at one end of the crankshaft (20), a flywheel (23) is arranged at the other end of the crankshaft (20), the flywheel (23) is rotatably arranged in the flywheel shield (12), a plurality of pistons (24) are arranged on the crankshaft (20) in a sliding mode, a piston box (30) is arranged at the upper end of the crankcase (10) in a sealing mode, and the piston box (30) comprises: the gas cylinder structure comprises a plurality of cylinders (32) movably sleeved outside a piston (24), wherein piston boxes (30) on two sides of the cylinders (32) are respectively provided with a gas inlet chamber (34) and a gas outlet chamber (37), the gas inlet chamber (34) is communicated with a gas rail (31) and a gas inlet passage (35), the outlet end of the gas rail (31) is communicated with a solenoid valve (33), the gas outlet chamber (37) is communicated with a gas outlet passage (38), the gas inlet passage (35) and the gas outlet passage (38) are respectively communicated with a gas inlet manifold and a gas outlet manifold, and the upper ends of the piston boxes (30) are hermetically provided with a cylinder cover (40); still include control mechanism, its characterized in that:
the switching device is used for switching the ignition mechanism between a closed state and an exposed state, and comprises:
one side of cylinder cap (40) is provided with fuel oil rail (41), the upper end of cylinder cap (40) is provided with actuating mechanism (42) with control mechanism electrical connection, be provided with the section in cylinder cap (40) and be annular spout (43), spout (43) internalization is provided with revolves a section of thick bamboo (44), be provided with the breach on revolving a section of thick bamboo (44), make revolves a section of thick bamboo (44) and be half-circular, be provided with on revolving a section of thick bamboo (44) outer wall half-tooth (45), the meshing is provided with gear (420) on half-tooth (45), gear (420) and actuating mechanism (42) transmission are connected, and the middle part of revolving a section of thick bamboo (44) is provided with oil duct (46), the one end of oil duct (46) is provided with nozzle (47), and the inside top of cylinder cap (40) is provided with some firearm (49),
the driving mechanism (42) drives the rotary cylinder (44) to rotate through the transmission of the gear (420) and the half-gear (45), wherein:
when the rotary cylinder (44) is positioned outside the sliding groove (43) and the igniter (49) is in a closed state, the nozzle (47) arranged at one end of the oil duct (46) is positioned right below the igniter (49), the other end of the oil duct (46) is communicated with the fuel oil rail (41), and the outlet end of the fuel oil rail (41) is communicated with the monomer pump (48);
when the rotary cylinder (44) is positioned in the sliding groove (43) and the igniter (49) is exposed, the rotary cylinder (44) is sealed in the sliding groove (43), so that two ends of the oil passage (46) are sealed by the groove wall of the sliding groove (43).
3. The oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
the control mechanism includes:
the fuel gas and fuel oil combined monitoring device comprises a monitoring instrument (50) used for monitoring the running state, the fuel gas supply state and the fuel oil supply state of an engine, wherein a fuel gas ECU (51), a fuel oil ECU (52), a rotating speed sensor (55) and a monitoring sensor (56) are electrically connected to the monitoring instrument (50), the fuel gas ECU (51) and the fuel oil ECU (52) respectively control the fuel gas or the fuel oil of the engine, a fuel gas temperature and pressure sensor (53) is electrically connected to the fuel gas ECU (51), and a fuel oil temperature and pressure sensor (54) is electrically connected to the fuel oil ECU (52).
4. The oil and gas dual fuel switching method of the marine engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
the monitoring instrument (50), the gas ECU (51) and the fuel ECU (52) are electrically connected in a CAN bus mode.
5. The oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that:
the monitoring sensor (56) comprising:
the bearing temperature detector is arranged on the bearing seat (11) and used for monitoring the temperature of the bearing in the bearing seat (11) during operation;
the crankshaft phase sensor is arranged at the free end of the crankshaft (20) and used for monitoring the running position of the crankshaft;
the supercharging pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring the pressure and temperature of the intake air;
the oxygen sensor is used for monitoring the nutrient content of the exhaust gas;
the knock sensor is used for monitoring whether knocking occurs in the cylinder during gas and fuel combustion;
the cylinder exhaust temperature sensor is used for monitoring the exhaust temperature of each cylinder of the engine;
a water temperature sensor for monitoring a cooling system of the engine;
the engine oil pressure and temperature sensor is used for monitoring a lubricating system of the engine;
the flywheel phase sensor is arranged on the wheel surface of the flywheel (23) and used for monitoring the running state of the flywheel (23);
and the camshaft phase sensor is used for monitoring the running state of the fuel pump.
6. The oil and gas dual fuel switching method of the marine engine as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
the step A, starting, includes:
the monitoring instrument (50) controls the start of the fuel ECU (52), the gas ECU (51) is standby,
the monitor (50) controls the driving mechanism (42) to operate, the igniter (49) is sealed in the rotary cylinder (44),
the fuel ECU (52) monitors various parameters of the fuel temperature and pressure sensor (54) and the monitoring sensor (56) to meet the starting condition, the fuel ECU (52) controls the starter to drive the starting wheel (21) to rotate,
the fuel ECU (52) controls the start and stop of the unit pump (48), the fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail (41), the unit pump (48), the oil passage (46) and the nozzle (47) until being sprayed into the cylinder (32), meanwhile, the air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet passage (35) and the air inlet chamber (34) until entering the cylinder (32),
at the moment, fuel and air are mixed in a cylinder (32) of the engine and are subjected to compression ignition under the action of a piston (24), and the engine is started and runs by fuel.
7. The oil and gas dual fuel switching method of the marine engine as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
step B1, the conversion gas includes:
the monitor (50) controls the gas ECU (51) to start, the fuel ECU (52) to stand by,
the monitor (50) controls the driving mechanism (42) to operate, the igniter (49) is exposed from the gap of the rotary cylinder (44),
the gas ECU (51) monitors various parameters of the gas temperature and pressure sensor (53) and the monitoring sensor (56) to meet the operating conditions, the gas ECU (51) controls the electromagnetic valve (33) to be opened, the gas sequentially passes through the gas air rail (31), the electromagnetic valve (33) and the air inlet chamber (34) until entering the cylinder (32), meanwhile, the air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel (35) and the air inlet chamber (34) until entering the cylinder (32),
at this time, gas in a cylinder (32) of the engine is mixed with air, and a gas ECU (51) controls an igniter (49) to start, ignite the gas, and the engine gas is operated.
8. The oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that:
step B2, fuel oil conversion comprises the following steps:
the monitoring instrument (50) controls the start of the fuel ECU (52), the gas ECU (51) is reserved,
the monitor (50) controls the driving mechanism (42) to operate, the igniter (49) is sealed in the rotary cylinder (44),
the fuel ECU (52) monitors various parameters of a fuel temperature and pressure sensor (54) and a monitoring sensor (56) to meet the starting condition, the fuel ECU (52) controls the start and stop of the unit pump (48), fuel sequentially passes through the fuel rail (41), the unit pump (48), the oil passage (46) and the nozzle (47) until being sprayed into the cylinder (32), meanwhile, air sequentially passes through the air inlet manifold, the air inlet channel (35) and the air inlet chamber (34) until entering the cylinder (32),
at the moment, fuel in a cylinder (32) of the engine is mixed with air and is subjected to compression ignition under the action of a piston (24), and the engine is operated by fuel.
9. The oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that:
the motor (13) which is meshed with the flywheel (23) is arranged on the flywheel shield (12), and the motor (13) is electrically connected with the control mechanism and used for driving the flywheel (23) to rotate.
10. The oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of the marine engine as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that:
step B1, switching between the conversion gas and step B2, switching between the fuel oil:
the monitoring instrument (50) controls the gas ECU (51) and the fuel ECU (52) for standby, the monitoring instrument (50) controls the driving mechanism (42) to operate, meanwhile, the monitoring instrument (50) controls the motor (13) to rotate, so that the number of rotation turns of the flywheel (23) is more than or equal to 2, the flywheel (23) drives the crankshaft (20) to rotate, and at the moment, the cylinder (32) moves in the piston (24) and exhausts exhaust gas in the piston (24).
CN202211041094.8A 2021-07-27 2021-07-27 Oil-gas dual-fuel switching method of marine engine Active CN115387919B (en)

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