CN115386819B - Aging and impact temperature control method for ultra-high strength titanium alloy - Google Patents
Aging and impact temperature control method for ultra-high strength titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN115386819B CN115386819B CN202210947382.3A CN202210947382A CN115386819B CN 115386819 B CN115386819 B CN 115386819B CN 202210947382 A CN202210947382 A CN 202210947382A CN 115386819 B CN115386819 B CN 115386819B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aging temperature control method of an ultra-high strength titanium alloy, which is characterized in that after the ultra-high strength titanium alloy completes solid solution of a beta single-phase region, a two-stage heat preservation step is designed in an aging stage, and the temperature rising rate from the first-stage heat preservation temperature to the second-stage temperature is controlled to enable the beta phase to be slowly decomposed and separated out into an alpha phase, so that the phase change heat of a die forging is slowly released in the stage, and further the temperature overshoot of the forging is controlled. According to the invention, the temperature rise of the aging step can prevent the actual temperature of the die forging from being higher than the set temperature during aging heat treatment of the forging due to phase change latent heat, so that the alpha sheet layer of the forging is prevented from growing up, and the strength of the die forging is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ageing treatment of super-strong titanium alloy, and particularly relates to an ageing and heat-flushing control method of ultra-high strength titanium alloy.
Background
The ultra-high strength titanium alloy is a novel titanium alloy with strength of more than 1300MPa and high plasticity and toughness, has important application in aerospace due to excellent mechanical property and corrosion resistance, and is a main material of structural members of various large airplanes.
Compared with the traditional high-strength titanium alloy, the ultra-high-strength titanium alloy has the characteristics of high content of beta stable element, large change of thermal physical properties and the like, and has obvious hot stamping phenomenon in the aging heat treatment process, namely the inside of the forging is higher than the set temperature of a furnace by about 0-30 ℃ in a period of time, and the specific reference is shown in the figure 1. The impact temperature phenomenon makes the actual heat treatment temperature control of the forging difficult, thereby influencing the tissue precipitation in the forging, seriously deteriorating the strength performance of the forging, and ensuring that the mechanical property of the forging does not meet the standard requirement. The ultrahigh-strength titanium alloy can be subjected to solution aging heat treatment for the first time, the plasticity of the forging piece can be greatly reduced during the second solution aging, and the requirement of indexes is not met, so that the forging piece is scrapped.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aging temperature control method of an ultra-high strength titanium alloy, which ensures that the temperature of the core part of a forging piece is equal to a set temperature in a heat treatment furnace so as to ensure the stability of the mechanical property of the forging piece.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an aging and impact temperature control method for ultra-high strength titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) The center of the longitudinal and transverse faces of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy die forging after the beta single-phase region solid solution is completed is provided with a hole, and an armored thermocouple is arranged in the hole;
(2) Firstly, raising the temperature of a heat treatment furnace to a primary ageing temperature, then placing the heat treatment furnace into a die forging, measuring the temperature through an armored thermocouple, and preserving heat for 0.5-4 hours after the temperature of the die forging reaches the primary ageing temperature; the primary aging temperature is 450-500 ℃;
(3) Raising the temperature to the secondary aging temperature at the temperature raising rate of 0.1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-6 h according to the thickness of the die forging; the secondary aging temperature is 520-540 ℃;
(4) And (5) cooling to room temperature by adopting air cooling after heat preservation.
Further, the temperature rising rate of the primary aging temperature in the step (2) is 5-20 ℃/min.
Further, in the step (1), the armored thermocouple is sealed in a hole, the diameter of the hole is 10mm, and the depth of the hole is 1/2 of the effective thickness of the die forging piece.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The temperature rise of the aging step can avoid that the actual temperature of the die forging is higher than the set temperature during aging heat treatment of the forging due to phase change latent heat, thereby avoiding the growth of alpha sheets of the forging and ensuring the strength of the die forging;
(2) Because the ultrahigh-strength titanium alloy forging is in a solid solution state before aging, the first-stage low-temperature aging can lead the alpha phase to start to be precipitated in advance, so that the rapid precipitation of the forging at a target aging temperature is avoided, a large amount of latent heat of phase change is further discharged, the temperature of the forging is enabled to overshoot, and the temperature of the forging deviates from a set temperature;
(3) The primary aging slowly heats up to the secondary aging, so that alpha phase is ensured to slowly precipitate in the heating process of the forging, phase change latent heat is uniformly released, temperature uniformity difference caused by heat accumulation of the forging is avoided, and microstructure precipitation of each part is inconsistent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of uncontrolled temperature versus time for a prior art die forging.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the temperature rise of the step of the die forging and time.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat treatment process for controlling the aging rinse temperature according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method for controlling the aging and the impact temperature of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy provided by the embodiment adopts the Ti1300 ultra-high strength titanium alloy, the size is 1000mm (length) ×400mm (width) ×210mm (thickness), the weight of a die forging piece is about 300kg, the shape is a long beam, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) forming a central hole on the longitudinal and transverse surfaces of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy die forging after the beta single-phase region is dissolved, wherein the size of the hole is phi 10 multiplied by 1/2, namely phi 10 multiplied by 105mm, installing an armored thermocouple in the hole, and sealing the armored thermocouple in the hole for measuring the temperature more accurately so that the measuring temperature of the armored thermocouple is the real-time temperature of the die forging.
(2) Firstly, the temperature of a heat treatment furnace is increased to the primary aging temperature at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, then the primary aging temperature of 480 ℃ in the embodiment is put into a die forging, the temperature is measured through an armored thermocouple, and the heat is preserved for 2 hours after the temperature of the die forging reaches the primary aging temperature, so that the phase transformation latent heat in the die forging is fully released.
(3) Then the primary aging temperature is increased to the secondary aging temperature at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, the secondary aging temperature is the aging temperature of conventional aging treatment, the aging temperature is 530 ℃ in the embodiment, the temperature is preserved for a certain time according to the thickness of the die forging, the thicker the thickness of the die forging is, the longer the aging time is, and the secondary aging temperature is preserved for 4 hours in the embodiment; in the embodiment, before the die forging is put into a furnace during heat treatment, a step is set below the aging temperature for heating for a certain time (the performance of the forging is not affected), the heat of the core part of the die forging is completely released during the time, and then the temperature is raised to the aging temperature for heat preservation, and in particular, the heat treatment process for controlling the aging punching temperature is shown in figure 3.
(4) And (5) cooling to room temperature by adopting air cooling after heat preservation.
The mechanical property test is performed on the die forging subjected to aging treatment in the embodiment and the die forging subjected to conventional aging treatment (directly adopting aging temperature), the relationship between the temperature and time is shown in fig. 1 and 2 respectively, it is obvious from the graph that the original process obviously has a punching temperature field, the strength of the die forging does not reach the standard, the requirement is not met, and the mechanical property test comparison result is shown in table 1.
Table 1 comparison of average mechanical properties of forging pieces of original process for aging heat treatment and heat treatment process of this example
Example 2
The method for controlling the aging and the impact temperature of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy provided by the embodiment adopts Ti1300 ultra-high strength titanium alloy, the size is 2000mm (length) ×400mm (width) ×120mm (thickness), the weight of a die forging piece is about 500kg, the shape is strip-shaped, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) forming a central hole on the longitudinal and transverse surfaces of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy die forging after the beta single-phase region is dissolved, wherein the size of the hole is phi 10 multiplied by 60mm, installing an armored thermocouple in the hole, and sealing the armored thermocouple in the hole for measuring the temperature more accurately so that the measuring temperature of the armored thermocouple is the real-time temperature of the die forging.
(2) Firstly, the temperature of a heat treatment furnace is increased to the primary aging temperature at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, the primary aging temperature of the embodiment is 450 ℃, then the die forging is put into the heat treatment furnace, the temperature is measured through an armored thermocouple, and the heat is preserved for 3 hours after the temperature of the die forging reaches the primary aging temperature, so that the phase change latent heat in the die forging is fully released.
(3) Then the primary aging temperature is increased to the secondary aging temperature at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, the secondary aging temperature is the aging temperature of conventional aging treatment, the aging temperature of the embodiment is 520 ℃, the temperature is preserved for a certain time according to the thickness of the die forging, the thicker the thickness of the die forging is, the longer the aging time is, and the secondary aging temperature of the embodiment is preserved for 3 hours.
(4) And (5) cooling to room temperature by adopting air cooling after heat preservation.
The mechanical properties of the die forging subjected to aging treatment in this example were tested with those of the die forging subjected to conventional aging treatment (directly using aging temperature), and the comparison results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 comparison of average mechanical properties of forging pieces of original process for aging heat treatment and heat treatment process of this example
Example 3
The method for controlling aging and punching temperature of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy provided by the embodiment adopts Ti1300 ultra-high strength titanium alloy, the size is (900 (upper edge) +1500 (lower edge)) ×1000mm (height) ×120mm (thickness), the weight of a die forging is about 1000kg, the shape is trapezoid, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) forming a central hole on the longitudinal and transverse surfaces of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy die forging after the beta single-phase region is dissolved, wherein the size of the hole is phi 10 multiplied by 60mm, installing an armored thermocouple in the hole, and sealing the armored thermocouple in the hole for measuring the temperature more accurately so that the measuring temperature of the armored thermocouple is the real-time temperature of the die forging.
(2) The temperature of the heat treatment furnace is firstly increased to the primary aging temperature at the heating rate of 18 ℃/min, the primary aging temperature of the embodiment is 500 ℃, then the die forging is put into the heat treatment furnace, the temperature is measured through the armored thermocouple, and the heat is preserved for 1h after the temperature of the die forging reaches the primary aging temperature, so that the phase transformation latent heat in the die forging is fully released.
(3) Then the primary aging temperature is increased to the secondary aging temperature at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, the secondary aging temperature is the aging temperature of conventional aging treatment, the aging temperature of the embodiment is 540 ℃, the temperature is preserved for a certain time according to the thickness of the die forging, the thicker the thickness of the die forging is, the longer the aging time is, and the secondary aging temperature of the embodiment is preserved for 3 hours;
(4) And (5) cooling to room temperature by adopting air cooling after heat preservation.
The mechanical properties of the die forging subjected to aging treatment in this example were tested with those of the die forging subjected to conventional aging treatment (directly using aging temperature), and the comparison results are shown in table 3.
Table 3 comparison of average mechanical properties of forging pieces of original process for aging heat treatment and heat treatment process of this example
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification and substitution based on the technical scheme and the inventive concept provided by the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The aging and impact temperature control method of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The center of the longitudinal and transverse faces of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy die forging after the beta single-phase region solid solution is completed is provided with a hole, and an armored thermocouple is arranged in the hole;
(2) Firstly, raising the temperature of a heat treatment furnace to a primary ageing temperature, then placing the heat treatment furnace into a die forging, measuring the temperature through an armored thermocouple, and preserving heat for 0.5-4 hours after the temperature of the die forging reaches the primary ageing temperature; the primary aging temperature is 450-500 ℃;
(3) Raising the temperature to the secondary aging temperature at the temperature raising rate of 0.1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-6 h according to the thickness of the die forging; the secondary aging temperature is 520-540 ℃;
(4) And (5) cooling to room temperature by adopting air cooling after heat preservation.
2. The aging and heat-transfer control method of ultra-high strength titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the temperature rising rate to the primary aging temperature in the step (2) is 5-20 ℃/min.
3. The method for controlling the aging and stamping temperature of the ultra-high strength titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the armored thermocouple is sealed in a hole, the diameter of the hole is 10mm, and the depth of the hole is 1/2 of the effective thickness of the die forging.
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| CN110923598A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Heat treatment process for improving toughness of nearly β type or metastable β type titanium alloy |
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