CN108034909A - A kind of preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN108034909A CN108034909A CN201711342093.6A CN201711342093A CN108034909A CN 108034909 A CN108034909 A CN 108034909A CN 201711342093 A CN201711342093 A CN 201711342093A CN 108034909 A CN108034909 A CN 108034909A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate, step is：First it is dissolved at 450~550 DEG C, water quenching；Carry out rolling predeformation at room temperature afterwards, total predeformation amount is 35~55%；24~60h Wetted constructures are carried out at 350~450 DEG C again；Plate is subjected to rolling deformation after 1~3h of insulation at 150~250 DEG C afterwards, total deformation is 80~96%, and pass deformation is 10~30%；Recrystallization annealing, 450~550 DEG C/1~60min of condition are finally carried out in salt bath furnace.The present invention is using aximal deformation value rolling predeformation, overaging is combined with intermediate annealing, 92% zerolling deformation is realized in the aluminium lithium alloy of cold plasticity difference, effectively suppress plate cracking while being sufficiently reserved the deformation and energy storage of alloy, realize crystal grain refinement, it is 8~10 μm of 2050 sheet alloys without cracking to prepare crystallite dimension.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nonferrous materials and its hot-working field, and in particular to a kind of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates
The preparation method of material.
Background technology
2050 aluminium lithium alloys are a kind of third generation aluminium lithium alloys, as a kind of new aluminium lithium alloy, not only have tradition
Aluminium lithium alloy low-density, high elastic modulus and good fatigue behaviour, while there is outstanding heat endurance and corrosion resistance,
It is with a wide range of applications in aerospace industry.
Modern aerospace industrial requirements parts monolithic molding, puts forward higher requirements the formability of material.And surpass
Plastic Forming can not only meet the integrally formed demand of aircraft industry, while relative to traditional forming mode, for complexity zero
The monolithic molding of part has unique advantage.And to realize superplasticforming firstly the need of carrying out crystal grain refinement, but phase to alloy
Closing the crystal grain refinement research of 2050 alloys, at home and abroad there is not been reported, therefore has for its crystal grain refinement research particularly significant
Meaning.
The method of traditional crystal grain thinning mainly has forced plasticity deforming method and thermomechanical process, wherein forced plasticity deforming method
Mainly include high pressure torsion, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, multiway forging and friction-stir etc., can be thin by material grains by this kind of method
Change to submicron order even nanoscale, but large-size components can not be prepared by this kind of method, while cost is higher, can not
Applied to actual industrial production；And thermomechanical treatment rule breaches these limitations, the fine grain plate of big specification can be produced,
Production cost is controlled at the same time, crystalline substance is mainly refined using particle excitated Recrystallization nucleation mechanism by deformation heat treatment method
Grain, i.e., carry out high temperature overaging by material first, separate out substantial amounts of the second phase of large scale, in the subsequent operation of rolling, these
Strong deformed area is formed around the second phase of large scale, substantial amounts of nucleation site is provided for subsequent recrystallization annealing, reaches
The purpose of crystal grain thinning.
《Influence of the temperature to 01420 aluminium lithium alloy rolling crack and crystal grain refinement》, Rare Metals Materials and engineering, 2008
Year August, the 8th phase of volume 37,01420 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate is prepared for using deformation heat treatment method, have studied preheating temperature
Degree, intermediate anneal temperature crack to plate rolling and the influence of crystal grain refinement.The result shows that：Plate is rolled in low temperature (300 DEG C of ＜)
System is often normally opened to be split, and start rolling temperature is brought up to 400 DEG C, by plate at 340~400 DEG C after 53%~70% rolling reduction
Anneal 2h, can solve problem of Cracking.But intermediate anneal temperature has a significant impact final recrystal grain size：Temperature is
At 400 DEG C, there occurs obvious partial, re-crystallization, dislocation density to substantially reduce for alloy, though the nothing for obtaining 82% deflection is opened
The plate split, but the coarse grains after recrystallization, average grain size is about 16 μm.When temperature is 340,370 DEG C, alloy occurs
Reply, occur without obvious recrystallization, and annealing temperature is lower, the dislocation density retained is higher, 81% rolling reduction
Alloy recrystallization crystallite dimension be about 11 μm.
《Intermediate annealing is on 2A97 aluminium lithium alloys crystal grain refinement and superplastic influence》, China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2015
In January in year, the 1st phase of volume 25,2A97 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates are prepared using thermomechanical process, using light microscope, thoroughly
The Test Research such as radio mirror and drawing by high temperature intermediate anneal temperature is on plate crystal grain refinement and superplastic influence.As a result table
It is bright：Plate is cracking when deflection reaches 22% in room temperature rolling, with the rise of rolling temperature, cracking degree by
Step is alleviated；By start rolling temperature bring up to 400 DEG C, rolling reduction reach 88% when, respectively 240,300 and 400 DEG C carry out in
Between anneal 1h, problem of Cracking can be solved.But annealing temperature has a significant impact superplasticity elongation, when annealing temperature is 400 DEG C
When, there occurs obvious partial, re-crystallization, dislocation density to be greatly reduced for alloy, though it is 92% without cracking plate to obtain total deformation
Material, since more deformation energy storage is released, degree of grain refinement is not high, and elongation is only 260%；Annealing temperature is reduced to
At 240 DEG C, inside alloy only there occurs dislocation motion with reconfigure, remain higher dislocation density, crystal grain is refined,
Elongation is up to 650%.
The content of the invention
It is good the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of grain refining effect, while the intact no cracking of gained plate
2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates preparation method.
Present disclosure, comprises the following steps：
(1) it is dissolved and quenches：2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates are dissolved and quenching treatment, solid solubility temperature are 450~550
℃；
(2) predeformation is rolled：2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after solution hardening are subjected to rolling predeformation at room temperature, always
Deflection is 35~55%；
(3) Wetted constructures：2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after predeformation are subjected to 24~60h mistakes at 350~450 DEG C
Ageing treatment, afterwards natural cooling；
(4) rolling deformation：2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after Wetted constructures are kept the temperature into 1~3h at 150~250 DEG C,
Rolling deformation is then carried out, total deformation is 80~96%；
(5) recrystallization annealing：2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after rolling are carried out 1 at 450~550 DEG C using salt bath furnace
~60min recrystallization annealings, obtain 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates.
Preferably, the 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plate is the hot rolled plate after hot rolled shaping.
Preferably, the time of step (1) described solid solution is 2~4h.
Preferably, step (2) the rolling predeformation, pass deformation are 10~30%.
Preferably, rolling direction can be changed 1~3 time in step (2) described operation of rolling.
Preferably, step (3) described Wetted constructures are handled for single-stage aging or multistage aging is handled.
Preferably, step (4) rolling deformation, pass deformation are 10~30%.
Preferably, rolling direction can be changed 3~8 times in step (4) described operation of rolling.
Beneficial effects of the present invention have：
(1) present invention can both ensure 2050 aluminium using (150~250 DEG C) rollings of big amount of rolling predeformation and low temperature
Lithium alloy plate is indehiscent at the same time, and can reach the effect of refinement plate crystal grain.Although known reduction rolling temperature can change
Kind grain refining effect, but split low temperature (300 DEG C of ＜) rolling is often normally opened, more than 300 DEG C of rolling temperature just has reality
Meaning, increases intermediate annealing step in the operation of rolling in the prior art, to solve problem of Cracking.But closed for 2050 aluminium lithiums
For gold, although after intermediate annealing, the cracking situation of plate can be effectively suppressed, and plate can occur serious time
It is multiple, cause the crystal grain after final recrystallization annealing thicker, do not reach the effect of crystal grain thinning.Therefore the present invention is using big rolling
Measure predeformation, thus ensure aluminium lithium alloy plate roll at low temperature reach it is indehiscent at the same time, and refinement plate can be reached
The effect of crystal grain, achieves the unexpected technique effect of those skilled in the art.
(2) present invention carries out rolling predeformation before Wetted constructures, and 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after overaging are existed
1~3h is kept the temperature at 150~250 DEG C, rolling deformation is then carried out, overaging is combined with intermediate annealing, solves 2050 aluminium
It is poor that lithium alloy deforms deformation energy storage deficiency, grain refining effect at high temperature, deforms that plasticity is poor, deformability is insufficient at low temperature
And problem easy to crack, the rolling deformation that aluminium lithium alloy reaches 80~96% aximal deformation values at low temperature is realized, is being retained
The cracking of plate is effectively inhibited in the case of the deformation energy storage of plate.
(3) present invention uses big amount of rolling pre-treatment, predeformation make aluminium lithium alloy plate produce a large amount of dislocations and
Zona transformans, provides substantial amounts of nucleation site, it is out-of-date to significantly promote during subsequent Wetted constructures separate out the second phase
Imitate Second Phase Precipitation in processing procedure so that the volume fraction of more than 1 μm the second phase of large scale is carried by the 0.92% of non-predeformation
Up to 3.28%.And in the strong strain operation of rolling, the second phase of large scale often hinders the sliding of dislocation, and dislocation would generally be
Assemble around second phase, tangle, form strong deformed area and orientation gradient, so as to be provided in final recrystallization annealing a large amount of
Recrystallization nucleation position, promote the generation of discontinuous recrystallization.
(4) after present invention introduces predeformation, the thick second phase size smaller that is formed after overaging, distribution are more uniform,
The possibility that stress concentration occurs for crystal boundary is alleviated, is conducive to the performance of plate plasticity in the follow-up operation of rolling, adds at the same time
The quantity of transgranular the second phase of large scale, more deformed areas are formed in the follow-up strong strain operation of rolling, there is provided more again
Crystallization nucleation position.
(5) high temperature Wetted constructures when the present invention uses long, make plate produce reply, play the role of intermediate annealing, carry
The follow-up deformability of high plate.
(6) intermediate annealing is combined by the present invention with high temperature overaging, is conducive to shorten technological process, is reduced energy consumption and life
Produce cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be embodiment 1 the non-predeformation of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates and predeformation after after 400 DEG C/48h overaging
Longitudinal section the second distributed mutually SEM figure, wherein (a) non-predeformation, (b) predeformation.
Fig. 2 is the photomacrograph of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates after the recrystallization annealing of embodiment 1, is schemed
In (a) central core, (b) superficial layer.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 1.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 2.
Fig. 6 is the photomacrograph of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 3.
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 3.
Fig. 8 is the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 4.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
2050 aluminium lithium alloy hot rolled plates of 25mm thickness are chosen, first plate is dissolved by 520 DEG C/3h, carries out water afterwards
Quench.Carry out predeformation at room temperature afterwards, total predeformation amount is 40%, and pass deformation is 10~30%.400 after predeformation
48h Wetted constructures are carried out at DEG C.2h then is kept the temperature at 200 DEG C, is rolling to 2mm, total deformation 92%, pass deformation
For 10~30%.470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealings are finally carried out in salt bath furnace, obtain 2050 final aluminium lithium alloy fine grains
Plate.
The photomacrograph of 2050 prepared aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates is shown in Fig. 2.
The longitudinal section grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates is shown in Fig. 3 after recrystallization annealing, it is seen that crystal grain group
Uniform tiny equiax crystal is woven to, in addition, the central core average grain size of 2050 prepared aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates is
9.60 μm, superficial layer average grain size is 8.65 μm.
Comparative example 1
2050 aluminium lithium alloy hot rolled plates of 25mm thickness are chosen, the processing step before rolling is the same as embodiment 1.
2h is kept the temperature at 400 DEG C, is rolling to 2mm, total deformation 92%, pass deformation is 10~30%.Then exist
470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealings are carried out in salt bath furnace.The longitudinal section central core crystal grain of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate of gained
Tissue picture is shown in Fig. 4, and average grain size is 21.42 μm.
Comparative example 2
2050 aluminium lithium alloy hot rolled plates of 25mm thickness are chosen, the processing step before rolling is the same as embodiment 1.
2h is kept the temperature at 300 DEG C, is rolling to 2mm, total deformation 92%, pass deformation is 10~30%.Then exist
470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealings are carried out in salt bath furnace.The longitudinal section central core crystal grain of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate of gained
Tissue picture is shown in Fig. 5, and average grain size is 17.11 μm.
Pass through the comparative analysis of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, it is known that, when rolling temperature is higher, there are large scale the second phase grain
Sub- surrounding dislocation aggregation extent is inadequate, misorientation gradient deficiency, it is impossible to provides enough nucleation sites for follow-up recrystallization, leads
Cause grain refining effect poor, can not meet the requirement of superplastic deformation.
Comparative example 3
2050 aluminium lithium alloy hot rolled plates of 25mm thickness are chosen, first plate is dissolved by 520 DEG C/3h, carries out water afterwards
Quench, then Wetted constructures are carried out under the conditions of 400 DEG C/48h, 2mm is rolling to after then keeping the temperature 2h at 200 DEG C, after rolling
2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates have cracked, its photomacrograph is shown in Fig. 6.470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealings are carried out in salt bath furnace
Afterwards, the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate of gained is shown in Fig. 7, and average grain size is
13.16μm。
Pass through the comparative analysis of Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, it is known that, when further reducing rolling temperature to 200 DEG C, if without room temperature
Pre-treatment, cracks after 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plate rollings, severe edge fracture not only occurs, while largely splitting occurs in middle part
Line；And after aximal deformation value rolls pre-treatment, the final gained intact no cracking of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates.This is because
If without room temperature pre-treatment, the second distributed mutually of large scale produced after overaging is uneven, and integrated distribution is in crystal boundary
Place, can cause grain boundaries stress concentration in the follow-up operation of rolling, cause 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates to crack, influence alloy plasticity
Performance；And after using the rolling predeformation of aximal deformation value, high temperature overaging plays the role of intermediate annealing, improves
The follow-up deformability of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates.
Pass through the comparative analysis of Fig. 3 and Fig. 7, it is known that, 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of room temperature predeformation are not carried out not
Only serious cracking, while crystallite dimension is larger, the average grain size of longitudinal section central core is 13.16 μm, can not meet super modeling
Property deformation demand；And the longitudinal section central core average crystal grain ruler of the 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates after room temperature predeformation
Very little is 9.60 μm, and grain refining effect significantly improves.This is because after room temperature pre-treatment, what follow-up overaging was formed
Large scale second phase volume fraction is substantially improved, and quantity is obviously improved, and these second phases of large scale can become subsequent treatment
Middle Recrystallization nucleation position, promotes the generation of discontinuous recrystallization, so as to significantly improve grain refining effect.
Comparative example 4
2050 aluminium lithium alloys are dissolved by 520 DEG C/3h, carry out water quenching afterwards, then carry out under the conditions of 400 DEG C/48h it is out-of-date
Effect processing, 2mm is rolling to after then keeping the temperature 2h at 200 DEG C, in the operation of rolling at 200 DEG C to 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates into
2 20min intermediate annealings of row, total deformation 92%, then carries out 470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealings in salt bath furnace.Institute
The longitudinal section central core grain structure for obtaining 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates is shown in Fig. 8,44.54 μm of average grain size.
Due to 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates, rolling crack is serious at 200 DEG C, in the operation of rolling at 200 DEG C
1~3 20min intermediate annealing is carried out to 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates, after intermediate annealing, although plate cracking situation obtains
Effectively suppress, but pass through the comparative analysis of Fig. 3 and Fig. 8, it is known that, serious reply occurs for plate, causes finally to recrystallize and moves back
Crystal grain is thicker after fire.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) it is dissolved and quenches：2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates are dissolved and quenching treatment, solid solubility temperature are 450~550 DEG C；
(2) predeformation is rolled：2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after solution hardening are subjected to rolling predeformation, total deformation at room temperature
Measure as 35~55%；
(3) Wetted constructures：2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after predeformation are subjected to 24~60h overaging at 350~450 DEG C
Processing, cools down in atmosphere afterwards；
(4) rolling deformation：2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after Wetted constructures are kept the temperature into 1~3h at 150~250 DEG C, then
Rolling deformation is carried out, total deformation is 80~96%；
(5) recrystallization annealing：By 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after rolling at 450~550 DEG C using salt bath furnace carry out 1~
60min recrystallization annealings, obtain 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates.
2. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the 2050 aluminium lithium
Sheet alloy is the hot rolled plate after hot rolled shaping.
3. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that step (1) institute
The time for stating solid solution is 2~4h.
4. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that step (2) institute
Rolling predeformation is stated, pass deformation is 10~30%.
5. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that step (2) institute
Rolling direction can be changed 1~3 time by stating in the operation of rolling.
6. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that step (3) institute
Wetted constructures are stated as single-stage aging processing or multistage aging processing.
7. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that step (4) institute
Rolling deformation is stated, pass deformation is 10~30%.
8. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that step (4) institute
Rolling direction can be changed 3~8 times by stating in the operation of rolling.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109385588A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-26 | 湖南恒佳新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of 2050 Aluminum Alloy Plate of high tenacity |
| CN110541131A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Al-Cu-Li alloy thermomechanical treatment process based on particle-excited nucleation |
| CN110791720A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-14 | 重庆文理学院 | Processing method for inhibiting recrystallization of aluminum-lithium alloy |
| CN111057975A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-24 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Preparation method of aluminum-lithium alloy superplastic fine-grain plate |
| CN111438219A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-24 | 贵州航天新力铸锻有限责任公司 | Processing and forming method of aluminum-lithium alloy thick plate homogeneous fine grains |
| CN115896652A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-04-04 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of high-strain-rate superplastic aluminum lithium alloy fine-grain plate |
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| CN109385588A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-26 | 湖南恒佳新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of 2050 Aluminum Alloy Plate of high tenacity |
| CN110541131A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Al-Cu-Li alloy thermomechanical treatment process based on particle-excited nucleation |
| CN110541131B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Al-Cu-Li alloy thermomechanical treatment process based on particle-excited nucleation |
| CN110791720A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-14 | 重庆文理学院 | Processing method for inhibiting recrystallization of aluminum-lithium alloy |
| CN111057975A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-24 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Preparation method of aluminum-lithium alloy superplastic fine-grain plate |
| CN111057975B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-03-05 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Preparation method of aluminum-lithium alloy superplastic fine-grain plate |
| CN111438219A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-24 | 贵州航天新力铸锻有限责任公司 | Processing and forming method of aluminum-lithium alloy thick plate homogeneous fine grains |
| CN115896652A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-04-04 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of high-strain-rate superplastic aluminum lithium alloy fine-grain plate |
| CN115896652B (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-05-03 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of superplastic aluminum-lithium alloy fine-grain plate with high strain rate |
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