CN115383338A - Method for controlling assembly welding deformation of aluminum alloy dynamic-load traction member of railway vehicle - Google Patents
Method for controlling assembly welding deformation of aluminum alloy dynamic-load traction member of railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115383338A CN115383338A CN202211101342.3A CN202211101342A CN115383338A CN 115383338 A CN115383338 A CN 115383338A CN 202211101342 A CN202211101342 A CN 202211101342A CN 115383338 A CN115383338 A CN 115383338A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/003—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of an aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of a railway vehicle, which comprises the steps of S1, tool deflection design; s2, longitudinal beam matching; s3, preparing and welding a reinforcing plate group; and S4, connecting and preprocessing the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam. The deformation control method improves the product quality, and ensures that the integral flatness of the upper cover plate is within 3mm after the welding of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle is finished; the production efficiency is improved by 50 percent, the production period of one dynamic-load traction member is shortened to 1.5 days from the original 3 days, the flatness adjustment and repair after welding are avoided, the adjustment and repair time is shortened by 1 day, and the production period is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of assembly welding processes of an aluminum alloy dynamic traction member of a railway vehicle, in particular to an assembly welding deformation control method of the aluminum alloy dynamic traction member of the railway vehicle.
Background
The aluminum alloy dynamic traction component of the railway vehicle is formed by splicing thick aluminum plates of 15-25 mm, the splicing welding seam of each plate is large in groove, long in welding seam, centralized in welding seam quantity, large in heat input during welding and uneven in temperature distribution, angular deformation and wave deformation which are difficult to repair of an upper cover plate are easily caused after welding, the maximum gap between the upper cover plate of the dynamic traction component and a floor of an underframe can reach 10mm, and in order to control the connecting gap between the dynamic traction component and the floor, the dynamic traction component can be adjusted and repaired at the current stage only through a sledge hammer and a flat hammer to forcibly reduce the connecting gap between the dynamic traction component and the floor, so that the welding seam is easily cracked, the upper cover plate can be damaged, and the labor intensity is high, and the integral structure size of the railway vehicle underframe cannot be guaranteed.
Therefore, based on the above technical problems, a need is felt by those skilled in the art to develop a method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of an aluminum alloy dynamic traction member of a railway vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic traction member of the railway vehicle, which can improve the product quality, ensure that the integral flatness of the upper cover plate is within 3mm after the welding of the aluminum alloy dynamic traction member of the railway vehicle is finished, improve the production efficiency by 50 percent, prevent the flatness adjustment and repair after the welding, and reduce the adjustment and repair time by 1 day so as to effectively ensure the production period.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for controlling assembly welding deformation of an aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of a railway vehicle, wherein the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle, which is suitable for the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation, comprises an upper cover plate, a longitudinal beam, a buffer beam, a reinforcing plate group and a lower cover plate, and the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, tool deflection design: the middle of the traction member tool is arched, the height of the arch is 13mm, and a gasket with the size of 30mm to 2mm is installed at the position of a longitudinal beam of the traction member;
s2, longitudinal beam matching: after an upper cover plate of the traction component is tiled and clamped, welding is carried out after the ground longitudinal beam is tightly attached to the upper cover plate;
s3, preparing and welding a reinforcing plate group: a plurality of reinforcing plates of the reinforcing plate group are researched and matched, an upper cover plate and a longitudinal beam are tightly attached, and welding is carried out;
s4, preprocessing the connection of the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam: the radian of the joint of the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam is opposite, and a gap of 5mm is formed in a pre-assembly free state.
Further, the step S1 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s101, prefabricated reversible deformation: the middle part of the traction member tool is arched, an upper cover plate and the center of the traction member tool are aligned, and the upper cover is subjected to forced reversible deformation clamping pretreatment so that the upper cover plate is tightly attached to the traction member tool;
and S102, the upper cover plate is provided with a connecting position with the longitudinal beam and the buffer beam, a gasket is arranged between the upper cover plate and the traction component tool, the gasket is made of aluminum, and transverse reversible deformation is preformed on the upper cover plate.
Further, the step S2 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s201, after the upper cover plate is prefabricated and subjected to reverse deformation, an arc-shaped structure is formed, the joint of the longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is reserved at the joint of the pre-assembled longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate, the longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate are closely fitted in a free state, and the coupler seat is used as a welding starting point to perform positioning welding on the other end of the longitudinal beam;
s202, after the upper cover plate is prefabricated and subjected to reverse deformation, the upper cover plate is of an arc surface structure, the joint of the buffer beam and the upper cover plate is of a straight edge structure, a gap is reserved between the joint of the preassembled buffer beam and the upper cover plate, the buffer beam and the upper cover plate are closely fitted in a free state, and the coupler seat is used as a welding starting point to weld the other end of the buffer beam.
Further, the step S201 includes:
s20101, welding the first longitudinal beam and the first side of the upper cover plate, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam by taking the joint of the coupler seat and the first longitudinal beam as a welding starting point in a welding mode that the length of a welding line is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20102, welding the first longitudinal beam and the second side of the upper cover plate, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam by taking the joint of the coupler seat and the first longitudinal beam as a welding starting point in a welding mode that the length of a welding line is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20103, welding the second longitudinal beam and the first side of the upper cover plate, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam by taking the joint of the coupler seat and the second longitudinal beam as a welding starting point in a welding mode that the length of a welding line is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20104, welding the second longitudinal beam and the second side of the upper cover plate, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam by taking the joint of the coupler seat and the second longitudinal beam as a welding starting point in a welding mode that the length of a welding line is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
the step S301 includes:
s30101, welding the first bumper beam and the first side of the upper cover plate, and welding the other end of the first bumper beam by taking the joint of the coupler seat and the first bumper beam as a welding starting point in a welding mode that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s30102, welding the first bumper beam and the second side of the upper cover plate, and welding the other end of the first bumper beam by taking the joint of the coupler seat and the first bumper beam as a welding starting point in a manner that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s30103, welding the second bumper beam and the first side of the upper cover plate, and welding the other end of the second bumper beam by taking the joint of the coupler seat and the second bumper beam as a welding starting point in a manner that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s30104, welding the second bumper beam and the second side of the upper cover plate, and welding the other end of the second bumper beam by taking the joint of the coupler seat and the second bumper beam as a welding starting point in a manner that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm.
Further, the reinforcing plate group includes a first reinforcing plate, a second reinforcing plate, a third reinforcing plate, a fourth reinforcing plate, a fifth reinforcing plate, a sixth reinforcing plate, a seventh reinforcing plate, an eighth reinforcing plate, and a ninth reinforcing plate, and step S3 mainly includes:
s301, welding a first side of a connecting part of the first reinforcing plate and the upper cover plate, and welding in the longitudinal beam direction by taking the connecting edge of the first reinforcing plate and the upper cover plate as a welding starting point;
s302, welding a first side of a joint of the first reinforcing plate and the longitudinal beam, and welding in the vertical direction of the longitudinal beam by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate, the longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate as a welding starting point;
s303, welding a second side of the joint of the first reinforcing plate and the longitudinal beam, and welding in the vertical direction of the longitudinal beam by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate, the longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate as a welding starting point;
s304, welding a second reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s305, welding a third reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s306, welding a fourth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s307, welding a fifth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s308, welding a sixth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s309, welding a seventh reinforcing plate according to the steps from S301 to S303;
s310, welding an eighth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
and S311, welding a ninth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303.
Further, the step S4 further includes:
s401, pre-assembling and positioning a lower cover plate with a pre-fabricated part and a longitudinal beam with opposite radian, and then pressing the lower cover plate tightly by using a clamping device to ensure that no gap exists between the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam;
s402, performing tack welding to the other end of the longitudinal beam by taking the juncture of the coupler seat, the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point, wherein the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm.
Further, the step S402 includes:
s40201, welding a first side of a first longitudinal beam and a first side of a lower cover plate, taking the junction of the first side of the first longitudinal beam and a coupler seat, the junction of the first side of the first longitudinal beam and the first side of the lower cover plate and the junction of the first side of the first longitudinal beam and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam;
s40202, welding a second longitudinal beam and a first side of a lower cover plate, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam by taking the junction of the coupler seat, the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point;
s40203, welding the first longitudinal beam and the second side of the lower cover plate, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam by taking the junction of the coupler seat, the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point;
s40204, welding the second side of the second longitudinal beam and the second side of the lower cover plate, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam by taking the junction of the coupler seat, the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point.
In the technical scheme, the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle has the following beneficial effects:
the deformation control method improves the product quality, and ensures that the integral flatness of the upper cover plate is within 3mm after the welding of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle is finished; the production efficiency is improved by 50 percent, the production period of one dynamic-load traction member is shortened to 1.5 days from the original 3 days, the flatness adjustment and repair after welding are avoided, the adjustment and repair time is shortened by 1 day, and the production period is effectively ensured.
The deformation control method of the invention reduces the labor intensity, stops the flame after welding and the heavy hammer adjustment and repair, simplifies the whole assembly welding procedure, is easy to operate, saves the production cost, saves the manual repair of cracking caused by heavy hammer adjustment and repair and the material waste required to repair, saves the labor cost for the production of each dynamic traction component by 200 yuan, saves the material and energy by about 400 yuan, produces 20 vehicles every month, needs 2 dynamic traction components every vehicle, and saves 28 ten thousand yuan every year.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a dynamic load traction member of a method for controlling assembly welding deformation of an aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of a railway vehicle, which is disclosed by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a dynamic-load traction member of the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic-load traction member of the railway vehicle, which is disclosed by the embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a lower cover plate; 2. an upper cover plate; 3. a longitudinal beam; 4. a bumper beam; 5. a coupler seat;
301. a first longitudinal beam; 302. a second stringer;
401. a first bumper beam; 402. a second bumper beam;
601. a first reinforcing plate; 602. a second reinforcing plate; 603. a third reinforcing plate; 604. a fourth reinforcing plate; 605. a fifth reinforcing plate; 606. a sixth reinforcing plate; 607. a seventh reinforcing plate; 608. an eighth reinforcing plate; 609. a ninth reinforcing plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
See fig. 1-2;
the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle comprises the following steps of:
s1, tool deflection design: the middle of the traction member tool is arched, the height of the arch is 13mm, and a gasket with the size of 30mm to 2mm is installed at the position of a longitudinal beam 3 of the traction member;
s2, preparing a longitudinal beam 3: after an upper cover plate 2 of the traction component is tiled and clamped, an adhesive stringer 3 is tightly attached to the upper cover plate 2 and then welded;
s3, preparing and welding a reinforcing plate group: a plurality of reinforcing plates of the reinforcing plate group are matched, and an upper cover plate 2 and a longitudinal beam 3 are tightly attached and welded;
s4, connecting and pretreating the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3: the lower cover plate 1 is prefabricated with an arc opposite to the joint of the longitudinal beam 3, and has a gap of 5mm in a pre-assembly free state.
The method mainly comprises the following process steps of tool deflection design, longitudinal beam 3 bedding-in, reinforcement plate bedding-in and welding, wherein the process comprises the following steps of tightly attaching an upper cover plate 2 and a longitudinal beam 3 through the bedding-in of a plurality of reinforcement plates, and the welding sequence is firstly flat welding and then vertical welding. By using the method, the product quality is improved, and the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member is ensured to be flat and not to deform.
Preferably, the step S1 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s101, prefabricating reverse deformation: the middle part of the traction component tool is arched, the upper cover plate 2 and the center of the traction component tool are aligned, and the upper cover plate 2 is subjected to forced reversible deformation clamping pretreatment so that the upper cover plate 2 is tightly attached to the traction component tool;
s102, the upper cover plate 2 is provided with connecting positions with the longitudinal beam 3 and the buffer beam 4, a gasket is installed between the upper cover plate 2 and the traction component tool, the gasket is made of aluminum, and transverse reverse deformation is preformed on the upper cover plate 2.
The step S2 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s201, after the upper cover plate is prefabricated and subjected to reverse deformation, an arc-shaped structure is formed, the joint of the longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2 is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is reserved at the joint of the pre-assembled longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2, the longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2 are closely fitted in a free state, and the coupler seat 5 is used as a welding starting point to perform positioning welding on the other end of the longitudinal beam 3;
s202, the upper cover plate 2 is of an arc-shaped structure after being prefabricated and reversely deformed, the joint of the buffer beam 4 and the upper cover plate 2 is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is reserved at the joint of the preassembled buffer beam 4 and the upper cover plate 2, the buffer beam 4 and the upper cover plate 2 are freely and closely matched, and the coupler seat 5 is used as a welding starting point to weld the other end of the buffer beam 4.
Preferably, the step S201 includes:
s20101, welding the first longitudinal beam 301 and the first side of the upper cover plate 2, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam 301 by taking the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the first longitudinal beam 301 as a welding starting point, wherein the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20102, welding the first longitudinal beam 301 and the second side of the upper cover plate 2, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam 301 by taking the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the first longitudinal beam 301 as a welding starting point, wherein the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20103, welding the second longitudinal beam 302 and the first side of the upper cover plate 2, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam 302 by taking the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the second longitudinal beam 302 as a welding starting point in a welding mode that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s20104, welding the second longitudinal beam 302 and the second side of the upper cover plate 2, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam 302 by taking the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the second longitudinal beam 302 as a welding starting point in a welding mode that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
step S301 includes:
s30101, welding the first bumper beam 401 and the first side of the upper cover plate 2, and welding the other end of the first bumper beam 401 by taking the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the first bumper beam 401 as a welding starting point in a manner that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s30102, welding the first bumper beam 401 and the second side of the upper cover plate 2, and welding the other end of the first bumper beam 401 by taking the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the first bumper beam 401 as a welding starting point, wherein the welding mode is that the length of a welding seam is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s30103, welding the second bumper beam 402 and the first side of the upper cover plate 2, and welding the other end of the second bumper beam 402 by taking the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the second bumper beam 402 as a welding starting point, wherein the welding mode is that the length of a welding seam is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
and S30104, welding the second bumper beam 402 and the second side of the upper cover plate 2, and welding the other end of the second bumper beam 402 by taking the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the second bumper beam 402 as a welding starting point, wherein the welding mode is that the length of a welding seam is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm.
Preferably, the reinforcing plate group includes a first reinforcing plate 601, a second reinforcing plate 602, a third reinforcing plate 603, a fourth reinforcing plate 604, a fifth reinforcing plate 605, a sixth reinforcing plate 606, a seventh reinforcing plate 607, an eighth reinforcing plate 608, and a ninth reinforcing plate 609, and the step S3 mainly includes:
s301, welding a first side of a connecting part of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the upper cover plate 2, and welding in the direction of the longitudinal beam 3 by taking the connecting edge of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the upper cover plate 2 as a welding starting point;
s302, welding a first side of a joint of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the longitudinal beam 3, and welding in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal beam 3 by taking a joint of the first reinforcing plate 601, the longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2 as a welding starting point;
s303, welding a second side of the joint of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the longitudinal beam 3, and welding in the direction vertical to the longitudinal beam 3 by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate 601, the longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2 as a welding starting point;
s304, welding a second reinforcing plate 602 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s305, welding a third reinforcing plate 603 according to the steps from S301 to S303;
s306, welding a fourth reinforcing plate 604 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s307, welding a fifth reinforcing plate 605 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s308, welding a sixth reinforcing plate 606 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s309, welding a seventh reinforcing plate 607 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s310, welding an eighth reinforcing plate 608 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s311, the ninth reinforcing plate 609 is welded according to steps S301 to S303.
Preferably, the step S4 further includes:
s401, prefabricating a lower cover plate 1 with an opposite radian at the joint of the lower cover plate and a longitudinal beam 3, and then compacting the lower cover plate 1 by using a clamping device after the lower cover plate 1 is preassembled and positioned, so that no gap is formed between the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3;
s402, performing tack welding to the other end of the longitudinal beam 3 by taking the junction of the coupler seat 5, the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 as a welding starting point, wherein the welding mode is that the length of a welding seam is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm.
Preferably, the step S402 includes:
s40201, welding a first longitudinal beam 301 and a first side of a lower cover plate 1, taking the junction of the first longitudinal beam 301 and a coupler seat 5, the junction of the first longitudinal beam 1 and a longitudinal beam 3 as a welding starting point, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam 301;
s40202, welding the second longitudinal beam 302 and the first side of the lower cover plate 1, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam 302 by taking the junction of the coupler seat 5, the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 as a welding starting point;
s40203, welding the first longitudinal beam 301 and the second side of the lower cover plate 1, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam 301 by taking the junction of the coupler seat 5, the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 as a welding starting point;
s40204, welding the second side of the second longitudinal beam 302 and the second side of the lower cover plate 1, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam 302 using the joint of the coupler seat 5, the lower cover plate 1, and the longitudinal beam 3 as a welding starting point.
In the technical scheme, the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle has the following beneficial effects:
the deformation control method improves the product quality, and ensures that the integral flatness of the upper cover plate is within 3mm after the welding of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle is finished; the production efficiency is improved by 50 percent, the production period of one dynamic-load traction member is shortened to 1.5 days from the original 3 days, the flatness adjustment and repair after welding are avoided, the adjustment and repair time is shortened by 1 day, and the production period is effectively ensured.
The deformation control method of the invention reduces the labor intensity, stops the flame after welding and the heavy hammer adjustment and repair, simplifies the whole assembly welding procedure, is easy to operate, saves the production cost, saves the manual repair of cracking caused by heavy hammer adjustment and repair and the material waste required to repair, saves the labor cost for the production of each dynamic traction component by 200 yuan, saves the material and energy by about 400 yuan, produces 20 vehicles every month, needs 2 dynamic traction components every vehicle, and saves 28 ten thousand yuan every year.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic-load traction member of the railway vehicle comprises an upper cover plate (2), a longitudinal beam (3), a buffer beam (4), a reinforcing plate group and a lower cover plate (1), and is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:
s1, tool deflection design: the middle of the traction member tool is arched, the arch height is 13mm, and a gasket with the size of 30mm x 2mm is installed at the position of a longitudinal beam (3) of the traction member;
s2, longitudinal beams (3) are prepared: after an upper cover plate (2) of the traction component is tiled and clamped, a longitudinal beam is ground and attached to the upper cover plate (2) and then welded;
s3, researching, preparing and welding a reinforcing plate group: a plurality of reinforcing plates of the reinforcing plate group are matched, and an upper cover plate (2) and a longitudinal beam (3) are tightly attached and welded;
s4, connecting and pretreating the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3): the radian of the joint of the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) is opposite, and a gap of 5mm is formed in a pre-assembly free state.
2. The method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s101, prefabricated reversible deformation: the middle part of the traction member tool is arched, the upper cover plate (2) and the center of the traction member tool are aligned, and the upper cover plate (2) is subjected to forced reversible deformation clamping pretreatment so that the upper cover plate (2) is tightly attached to the traction member tool;
s102, the upper cover plate (2) is provided with a connecting position with the longitudinal beam (3) and the buffer beam (4), a gasket is installed between the upper cover plate (2) and the traction member tool, the gasket is made of aluminum, and transverse reverse deformation is preformed on the upper cover plate (2).
3. The method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S2 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s201, an arc-shaped structure is formed after the upper cover plate (2) is prefabricated and subjected to reversible deformation, the joint of the longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2) is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is reserved at the joint of the pre-assembled longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2), the longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2) are closely fitted in a free state, and the coupler seat (5) is used as a welding starting point to perform positioning welding on the other end of the longitudinal beam (3);
s202, an arc-shaped structure is formed after the upper cover plate (2) is prefabricated and reversely deformed, the joint of the buffer beam (4) and the upper cover plate (2) is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is reserved at the joint of the preassembled buffer beam (4) and the upper cover plate (2), the buffer beam (4) and the upper cover plate (2) are freely and closely matched, and the coupler seat (5) is used as a welding starting point to weld the other end of the buffer beam (4).
4. The method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step S201 comprises the following steps:
s20101, welding the first side of the first longitudinal beam (301) and the first side of the upper cover plate (2), and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam (301) by taking the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the first longitudinal beam (301) as a welding starting point in a manner that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s20102, welding the first longitudinal beam (301) and the second side of the upper cover plate (2), and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam (301) by taking the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the first longitudinal beam (301) as a welding starting point in a mode that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s20103, welding the second longitudinal beam (302) and the first side of the upper cover plate (2), and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam (302) by taking the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the second longitudinal beam (302) as a welding starting point in a mode that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s20104, welding the second longitudinal beam (302) and the second side of the upper cover plate (2), and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam (302) by taking the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the second longitudinal beam (302) as a welding starting point in a manner that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
the step S301 includes:
s30101, welding the first bumper beam (401) and the first side of the upper cover plate (2), and welding the other end of the first bumper beam (401) by taking the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the first bumper beam (401) as a welding starting point in a mode that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s30102, welding the first bumper beam (401) and the second side of the upper cover plate (2), and welding the other end of the first bumper beam (401) by taking the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the first bumper beam (401) as a welding starting point in a manner that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s30103, welding the second buffer beam (402) and the first side of the upper cover plate (2), and welding the other end of the second buffer beam (402) by taking the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the second buffer beam (402) as a welding starting point in a manner that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s30104, welding the second bumper beam (402) and the second side of the upper cover plate (2), and welding the other end of the second bumper beam (402) by taking the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the second bumper beam (402) as a welding starting point in a manner that the length of a welding seam is 50mm and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm.
5. The method for controlling the assembling and welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reinforcing plate groups comprise a first reinforcing plate (601), a second reinforcing plate (602), a third reinforcing plate (603), a fourth reinforcing plate (604), a fifth reinforcing plate (605), a sixth reinforcing plate (606), a seventh reinforcing plate (607), an eighth reinforcing plate (608) and a ninth reinforcing plate (609), and the step S3 mainly comprises:
s301, welding a first side of a connecting part of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the upper cover plate (2), and welding in the direction of the longitudinal beam (3) by taking the connecting edge of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the upper cover plate (2) as a welding starting point;
s302, welding a first side of a connecting part of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the longitudinal beam (3), and welding in the vertical direction of the longitudinal beam (3) by taking a connecting junction of the first reinforcing plate (601), the longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2) as a welding starting point;
s303, welding a second side of the joint of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the longitudinal beam (3), and welding in the vertical direction of the longitudinal beam (3) by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate (601), the longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2) as a welding starting point;
s304, welding a second reinforcing plate (602) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s305, welding a third reinforcing plate (603) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s306, welding a fourth reinforcing plate (604) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s307, welding a fifth reinforcing plate (605) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s308, welding a sixth reinforcing plate (606) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s309, welding a seventh reinforcing plate (607) according to the steps from S301 to S303;
s310, welding an eighth reinforcing plate (608) according to the steps S301 to S303;
and S311, welding a ninth reinforcing plate (609) according to the steps from S301 to S303.
6. The method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 further comprises the following steps:
s401, prefabricating a lower cover plate (1) with an opposite radian at the joint of the lower cover plate and a longitudinal beam (3), and compacting the lower cover plate (1) by using a clamping device after the lower cover plate (1) is preassembled and positioned, so that no gap is formed between the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3);
s402, using the juncture of the coupler seat (5), the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as a welding starting point, and welding the other end of the longitudinal beam (3) in a positioning manner, wherein the welding seam length is 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding seams is 300mm.
7. The method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step S402 comprises the following steps:
s40201, welding a first side of a first longitudinal beam (301) and a first side of a lower cover plate (1), and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam (301) by taking the junctions of the first side of the first longitudinal beam and a coupler seat (5), the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as welding starting points;
s40202, welding a first side of a second longitudinal beam (302) and a lower cover plate (1), and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam (302) by taking the junction of a coupler seat (5), the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as a welding starting point;
s40203, welding a second side of the first longitudinal beam (301) and the lower cover plate (1), and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam (301) by taking the junction of the coupler seat (5), the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as a welding starting point;
s40204, welding the second side of the second longitudinal beam (302) and the lower cover plate (1), and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam (302) by taking the junction of the coupler seat (5), the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as a welding starting point.
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