CN115381589A - Semen collection method for tiger south China through electrical stimulation - Google Patents
Semen collection method for tiger south China through electrical stimulation Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
- A61D19/00—Instruments or methods for reproduction or fertilisation
- A61D19/02—Instruments or methods for reproduction or fertilisation for artificial insemination
- A61D19/021—Apparatus for collecting seminal fluids; Artificial vaginas
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Abstract
A sperm collection method for Virginia cinerea by adopting electrical stimulation relates to the field of artificial sperm collection of Virginia cinerea. The method comprises the following steps: turning on a switch of the electrical stimulation semen collection instrument, adjusting the output voltage of the electrical stimulation semen collection instrument, electrifying for 5s from 3V, and sequentially increasing the voltage at intervals of 5 s; controlling the voltage to reach 4-8V until the tiger ejaculates. The sperm collection method for the tiger south China through electrical stimulation has the beneficial effects that: it is easier to make the tiger ejaculate at the voltage of 4-6V, and when the electrode of the electrode rod faces to the back side of the tiger and the depth of the electrode rod is about 30cm, the tiger is more sensitive to electric stimulation and easier to ejaculate. After the used electrode rod is thickened to the diameter of 5cm, semen can be easily extracted. Young tigers are more sensitive to electrical stimulation than older tigers and can more easily collect semen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of artificial sperm collection of tigers south China, in particular to a sperm collection method of tigers south China by adopting electrical stimulation.
Background
The south China tiger is a special tiger species in China, mainly lives in three areas of south China, east China and China in the past, belongs to the first-level protection animal of China, and is classified as one of ten endangered species in the world by the international nature protection organization.
The south China tiger has no fixed breeding season, the pregnancy is 103 days, the young tiger can follow the female tiger for about 2 years, the female tiger generally cannot estrus at the moment, the young tiger starts to live independently 2-3 years later, the young tiger becomes sexually mature 3-5 years later, and the life of the south China tiger can reach 10-20 years in a natural environment.
Over 60 years ago, over 4000 south China tigers were also present in China. However, in the fifties of the last century, tigers are seriously suffered from and harm lives of people and animals, a prize command is issued by the government, a tiger combined command department is established, and a tiger-fighting tide is raised all over the country. The last wild south China tiger was fired in 1994, after which there was no definitive evidence of the existence of a wild population of south China tigers. Thus, many experts consider that the natural population of tigers in south China has been extinct. The current 189 south China tigers are all housed in zoos and distributed in a Hangzhou wild animal world, a Shanghai zoo, a Luoyang Wang Cheng zoo and other domestic limited zoos. Wherein the raising quantity of the Luoyang Wang Cheng zoos is the maximum and reaches more than 30. The source of the south China tiger breeding population is 6 wild south China tigers (4 females and 2 males) more than 40 years ago, and the inbreeding is severe.
The reproduction of species requires the existence of natural populations, which must also maintain a certain number of individuals, keep the genes at a sufficient level of heterozygosity, and not allow the population to undergo inbreeding depression due to inbreeding. The south China tiger belongs to rare protection animals, and population propagation is the key for protecting the species. However, the inbreeding results in low heterozygous level of the offspring gene of the south China tiger, the estrus of the female tiger is not obvious or the estrus of the female tiger and the male tiger is asynchronous, and the mating can not occur effectively; even if the female tiger leaves lucky pregnancy, the phenomena of early abortion, miscarriage, weak fetus and the like often occur, so that the male tiger sperms are seriously wasted. Therefore, the breeding of the south China tigers is strengthened, the yield and the survival rate of the south China tigers are increased, and the method is very urgent to protect the continuation of the south China tiger population. In order to promote the breeding work of the south China tigers, the artificial breeding of the south China tigers is planned to be carried out, but in order to carry out the artificial breeding, the sperm of the south China tigers must be obtained firstly. In order to obtain semen, the south China tiger cannot use a conventional vaginal semen collection method for livestock, and the south China tiger must be anesthetized firstly and then subjected to semen collection by an electric stimulation method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sperm collection method for the tiger south China through electrical stimulation, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a semen collection method for the south China tiger by adopting electrical stimulation comprises the following steps:
turning on a switch of the electrical stimulation semen collection instrument, adjusting the output voltage of the electrical stimulation semen collection instrument, electrifying for 5s from 3V, and sequentially increasing the voltage at intervals of 5 s;
controlling the voltage to reach 4-8V until the tiger ejaculates.
Preferably, before semen collection, the method further comprises the following steps: s1, fasting the south China tiger for one day and carrying out anesthesia;
s2, adding a half bottle (250 mL) of light liquid paraffin into 7-8L of warm water, performing enema on the tiger, discharging excrement, and cleaning the periphery of the anus by using normal saline;
s3, collecting blood from the tail vein of the south China tiger, cutting off the fur around the prepuce of the penis, and cleaning with normal saline to prepare semen collection;
s4, slowly inserting the electric stimulation rod coated with the paraffin oil into the rectum from the anus, wherein the metal part of the electrode rod is required to be tightly attached to the rectum wall.
Preferably, the output voltage of the electrostimulator is 4-6V.
Preferably, the electrode of the electrode rod faces to the back side of the tiger, and the depth of the electrode rod is 30cm.
Preferably, the electrode rod has a diameter of 5cm.
The anesthesia comprises the following steps:
s1, fasting the tigers serving as experimental subjects for one day in advance;
s2, firstly, using a remote injector to carry out remote intramuscular injection on the Tiger south China by 1-2mL;
s3, after 10-25min, injecting ketamine into the muscle of the patient to induce anesthesia by the same method;
s4, lifting the south China tiger to a semen collection platform until the south China tiger automatically lies down and does not struggle, and keeping the south China tiger lying on side;
s5, opening the respiratory anesthesia machine, adjusting the inhalation anesthesia concentration to 4% -5%, maintaining anesthesia through isoflurane, covering the eyes of the tiger with a towel, wrapping the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the tiger, and covering an anesthesia mask on the tiger.
Preferably, atropine is injected 15-20min before ketamine injection.
Preferably, the ketamine is injected at a dose of 10mg/kg, and the drug can be added appropriately according to the reaction condition after the animal is anesthetized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
it is easier to make tiger ejaculate at voltage of 4-6V, and when the electrode of electrode bar is toward the back side of tiger, and the depth of electrode bar is about 30cm, the tiger is more sensitive to electric stimulation, and is easier to ejaculate.
After the used electrode rod is thickened to the diameter of 5cm, semen can be easily extracted. Young tigers are more sensitive to electrical stimulation than older tigers and can more easily collect semen.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Implementation objects are as follows: three male south China tigers housed in the Hangzhou wild animal world. It is numbered as number one, number two and number three respectively.
TABLE 1 south China tiger information
Experimental drugs: atropine sulfate injection is produced by Sanming three-medicine veterinary drug Co Ltd, and has the specification: 0.5mg/mL,2 mL/piece. Ketamine hydrochloride injection, produced by animal pharmaceutical factory of shenyang city, specification: 0.15g/mL,2 mL/piece. Isoflurane, manufactured by hebei yipin pharmaceutical limited, with specifications: 100 mL/bottle, and is matched with a breathing anesthetic machine for use. Light liquid paraffin, produced by constant water Wuluo pharmaceutical Co., ltd, having the specification: 500 mL. + -. 10%/bottle.
Experimental equipment: U.S. Matrx animal anesthesia respirator, anesthesia machine model: VME2, ventilator model: model3000. An animal electrical stimulation semen collection instrument is produced by Chengdu Huazhi Zhi Kai science and technology Limited company, and has the model number: MDW type 1. Sysmex pocH-100iV Diff full-automatic animal blood analyzer of Sysmex. IDEXX Catalyst One full-automatic biochemical analyzer.
The tigers as the experimental subjects were fasted beforehand for one day. The atropine is used for carrying out remote intramuscular injection on the south China tiger by using a remote injector for 1-2mL, belongs to anticholinergic drugs, can be used for administration before anesthesia, and can reduce increase of bronchial secretion caused by the anesthetic, reduce influence of vagus nerve on heart, relieve gastrointestinal peristalsis and secretion, relax smooth muscle and improve respiratory function. After a 10-25min interval, the animals are anesthetized by intramuscular injection of ketamine in the same manner, generally at a dose of 10mg/kg, and the drug is added as appropriate depending on the post-anesthesia response of the animals. Until the patient lies down by oneself and no struggle occurs, the south China tiger is lifted up to the semen collection platform and is laid on the side for fixation. The respiratory anesthesia machine is opened, the inhalation anesthesia concentration is adjusted to 4% -5%, maintained anesthesia is carried out through isoflurane, the eyes of the tiger are covered by a towel, the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the tiger are wrapped, the anesthesia mask is sleeved on the tiger, and therefore the airtightness of the mask can be enhanced through the towel.
Adding half bottle (250 mL) of light liquid paraffin into 7-8L of warm water, performing enema to expel feces so as to prevent the feces from affecting the electrical stimulation effect, and cleaning the periphery of anus with normal saline. Then tail vein blood sampling is carried out, the peripenile hair is cut off, and then normal saline is used for cleaning to prepare semen collection.
The electric stimulation rod coated with paraffin oil is slowly inserted into rectum from anus, and the metal part of the electrode rod is tightly adhered to the rectum wall. Turning on a switch of the electrical stimulation semen collection instrument, adjusting the output voltage, starting from 3V, electrifying for 5s at intervals of 5s, adjusting and increasing the output voltage according to the tiger reaction, holding the centrifuge tube by a semen collection person, wrapping the front end of the tiger genitals by slightly inclining the tube mouth upwards, and paying attention to the tiger genitals reaction all the time. When the voltage reaches 4-5V, the power is supplied for 5s and the interval is 5s, the tiger has ejaculation reaction, and at the moment, the centrifugal tube is used for collecting the semen. After semen collection is finished, the anaesthetic mask is removed, the respiratory anaesthetic machine is closed, the restraint is released, the tiger is carefully placed back into the rearing cage again, and the collected semen is rapidly placed into a 35 ℃ constant temperature water bath pot for preservation so as to carry out semen quality detection later.
The following results were obtained by postanesthesia semen collection of three south China tigers (wherein the first south China tiger collects semen three times in total, each time with an interval of 2 days, and the second and third south China tigers collect semen once each):
and (3) conventional and biochemical detection results and analysis of the south China tiger blood:
TABLE 2 routine test results of Tiger blood
The results of routine blood tests (see table 2) show: the PLT values (total number of platelets) of the second and third south China tigers are slightly lower than the reference range, the PLT value of the first south China tiger is close to the lower limit of the reference range, the reduction of the PLT value indicates that diseases such as infection, hemorrhage, splenomegaly, myelodysplasia and the like can exist, and the PLT value range of the male tiger is 163-420, and the standard deviation of the average value is 227.77 +/-79.62 according to the blood physiological parameter detection result of Han Zhijiang and the like for captive northeast China tiger. Since the PLT values of south china tigers are slightly lower than those of north east tigers, the PLT values of three south china tigers tested in the table above are substantially in the normal range. Meanwhile, the table shows that the LYM values and LYM% of the three tigers are lower than the reference range, and low LYM values indicate that diseases such as inflammation, damage to lymphatic tissues, steroid causes and the like may exist. Since LYM% of male south China tigers ranged from 6 to 40, and the mean. + -. Standard deviation was 15.33. + -. 8.73, three tigers tested in the above table were substantially within the normal range. Meanwhile, the EO values of the three tigers are higher than the reference range, the higher EO values indicate that diseases such as allergy, parasites, granulomatous inflammation, tumors and the like can exist, the measured result according to the existing data shows that the measured EO value range of the northeast tiger is 0.192-0.408, the average value is 0.296, and research shows that the EO value of the south China tiger is slightly higher than that of the northeast tiger, so that the EO values of the three south China tigers detected in the table are basically in the normal range. Several values in the table above are slightly outside the reference range, probably because the tiger is frightened or slightly fluctuated by the stimulus.
TABLE 3 Biochemical test results of the blood of Tiger in south China
The results of the biochemical blood tests (see table 3) show that:
the ALKP value of the first south China tiger is slightly lower than the reference value in three blood biochemical tests, the second south China tiger and the third south China tiger are also at the lower limit of the reference value, and the ALKP value indicates that diseases can exist only when rising, so that the index is low and meaningless. The AMYL values of the three tigers are significantly higher than the reference range, the increase of the AMYL values indicates that pancreatic diseases may exist, and according to the study on the biochemical indexes of the blood of the northeast tiger and the white tiger in Banglaber, the average value +/-standard deviation of the AMYL values of the male northeast tiger is 619.4 +/-42.78, and the average value +/-standard deviation of the AMYL values of the male white tiger is 675.0 +/-43.84, the results are still greatly different from the results in the table. The CREA values of three tigers are also higher than the reference range, the increase of the CREA value is possibly indicative of the existence of nephropathy or urethral obstruction, and the measurement results of Ling Mingde and the like on certain indicators of blood and biochemistry of south China tigers show that the CREA range of the male south China tigers is 125.53-271.25, the average value +/-standard deviation is 194.05 +/-40.27, and is still slightly lower than the measurement results in the table above, possibly caused by the influence of anesthesia or the tiger is frightened or the blood is preserved and the like.
The anesthesia condition and the result analysis of the combination of isoflurane and ketamine on the south China tiger are as follows:
TABLE 4 southern China tiger's intoxication
As can be seen from the data in the above table, it is generally known that about 10mL of ketamine can be used to induce anesthesia in tigers, and young tigers may be less sensitive to the anesthetic, so some doses are added during the process. During the second anesthesia, the time for the second anesthesia induction of the tiger a is longer than that for the first two times because 8mL of ketamine is injected intramuscularly and 2mL of ketamine is added again after 28 min. The time for inducing anesthesia in tiger two was long because ketamine was added once 30min after the initial dose of ketamine was intramuscular, and another ketamine was added once again 52min after the initial dose of ketamine, which was 2mL each time. The table also shows that the use of ketamine in combination with isoflurane for anesthesia can not only reduce the dose of ketamine, but also prolong the anesthesia time, and the anesthesia time can be safely and controllably controlled by combining with a respiratory anesthesia machine.
In the whole anesthesia process, after the anesthetic is injected into muscles, the tiger can lie down by itself, has no tetany, vomit and no obvious struggle phenomenon, has no response when being carried and fixed, has no response after being connected with a respiratory anesthesia machine, has no eyelid reflex, has loose muscles, has no response when stimulating ears and noses, has no response to enema and blood collection, can not retract when being pulled out of the tongue, has smooth and steady respiration, has the heart rate between 125 and 149 per minute, and reaches the surgical anesthesia level. After the conventional and biochemical indexes of the blood of the tiger are detected, the tiger is not greatly abnormal, and when the electrical stimulation semen collection is carried out, the tiger is sensitive to the response of the electrical stimulation, can feel the electrical stimulation with different intensities and frequencies, and can generate muscle contraction and ejaculation response when the electrical stimulation is carried out. After the morning anesthesia is finished, the three tigers can wake up in the afternoon and can lift up the head, stand up in the evening and walk normally the next day, the waking process is smooth and stable, and other complications and untoward effects do not occur later, so that the anesthesia method has a good anesthesia effect.
The method for electrically stimulating sperm collection of the south China tiger comprises the following steps:
TABLE 5 south China tiger semen collection status
As shown in the table above, about 0.5mL of semen was co-extracted for the first time, but no sperm was found. After 2 days, the semen is collected for the second time, 5 tubes of semen are collected, the total volume of the semen is about 3mL, only the 2 nd tube has the semen, a small amount of live semen exists, and the rest 4 tubes have no semen. Collecting semen for the third time at an interval of 2 days after the second semen collection, collecting about 4mL semen, counting semen to obtain semen density of 17.0 × 10 6 one/mL.
TABLE 6 sperm collection of tiger in south China
As shown in the table above, about 1.5mL of semen was collected, and a small amount of sperm was observed but all dead.
TABLE 7 sperm collection of tiger in south China
The semen collection condition of the south China tiger III is shown in the table, about 0.5mL of semen is collected totally, and no sperm is found.
Analyzing the electrical stimulation semen collection result of the tiger south China:
as can be seen from the data in tables 5, 6 and 7, the general south China tiger can ejaculate when the output voltage of the electrical stimulation semen collection instrument is 4-6V. The data will be slightly different depending on individual differences between tigers. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of no sperm in the semen appears for several times in the test. The semen collection effect of the tiger is the worst in 10 months and 11 months, and the semen failure rate accounts for 44.4 percent of the whole year. The positive value of the experiment is 11 months, so the semen quality is possibly influenced by seasonal reasons.
In this experiment, the dose of ketamine is about 10mL, and the dose of ketamine is generally 10mg/kg. Because of individual differences among the south China tigers, the amount of the drug to be used can be added as appropriate according to specific conditions. It is also noted that ketamine increases salivary and tracheobronchial secretions, so atropine must be injected in the required dose 15-20min before ketamine injection. When isoflurane is used for inhalation anesthesia, the isoflurane is matched with a respiratory anesthesia machine for use, in the experiment, the concentration of the isoflurane of the anesthesia machine is adjusted to 4% -5%, the anesthesia effect is good, the tiger can ejaculate through electrical stimulation, live sperms are found in the collected semen, and the density of the sperms is still acceptable. After the blood physiological and biochemical indexes of the tiger are detected, the method is found to have no major abnormality, the anesthesia process is stable, no adverse reaction occurs, the awakening time can be advanced, and no complication occurs after the awakening, thereby indicating that the anesthesia method has good safety. In addition, in the process of anesthesia semen collection, the animal does not have the phenomenon of urination, and related researches show that in the process of anesthesia semen collection, urethral muscle can be relaxed due to the influence of anesthesia, the phenomenon of urination is caused, and semen is easy to pollute. Further proves that the anesthesia method has better applicability to the sperm collection of the south China tiger.
The anesthesia method using isoflurane and ketamine can reduce the consumption of ketamine, prolong the anesthesia time, ensure that the anesthesia time becomes safe and controllable, reduce the stress of the tiger and cause less damage to the tiger. The new price of fast sleep imported in France used in the world of Hangzhou wild animals is 6 yuan and 700 yuan, the dosage of each time is about 10mL, the price of isoflurane used in the experiment is 600 yuan, the total volume is 100mL, the dosage of each time is small, and the isoflurane can be used for a long time. Therefore, the anesthesia method not only has good anesthesia effect, but also is more economical. It is worth mentioning that when isoflurane is used for anesthesia, the isoflurane needs to be matched with a proper breathing anesthesia machine for use.
The output voltage of the electric stimulation instrument does not exceed 8V at most. The experiment shows that the tiger is easier to ejaculate when the voltage is 4-6V, and when the electrode of the electrode rod faces to the back side of the tiger and the depth of the electrode rod is about 30cm, the tiger is more sensitive to electrical stimulation and easier to ejaculate. The electrode rod cannot be too thin, the thin electrode rod is adopted, no semen is extracted, and the used electrode rod is thickened to the diameter of 5cm, so that the semen can be easily extracted. Young tigers are more sensitive to electrical stimulation than older tigers and can more easily collect semen. Sperm is collected from the same tiger for multiple times, and the sperm which is not subjected to ejaculation for a long time is possibly dead, so that the sperm with vitality can be collected more easily after repeated collection.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A semen collection method for the tiger south China through electrical stimulation is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
turning on a switch of the electrical stimulation semen collection instrument, adjusting the output voltage of the electrical stimulation semen collection instrument, electrifying for 5s from 3V, and sequentially increasing the voltage at intervals of 5 s;
controlling the voltage to reach 4-8V until the tiger ejaculates.
2. The semen collection method for south China tiger by using electrical stimulation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: before semen collection, the method also comprises the following steps: s1, fasting the south China tiger for one day and carrying out anesthesia;
s2, adding half bottle (250 mL) of light liquid paraffin into 7-8L warm water, performing enema on the tiger, discharging excrement, and cleaning the periphery of the anus by using physiological saline;
s3, collecting blood from the tail vein of the south China tiger, cutting off the fur around the prepuce of the penis, and cleaning with normal saline to prepare semen collection;
s4, slowly inserting the electric stimulation rod coated with the paraffin oil into the rectum from the anus, wherein the metal part of the electrode rod is required to be tightly attached to the rectum wall.
3. The semen collection method for south China tiger by using electrical stimulation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the output voltage of the electrostimulator is preferably 4-6V.
4. The semen collection method for south China tiger by using electrical stimulation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the electrode of the electrode rod faces to the back side of the tiger, and the depth of the electrode rod is 30cm.
5. The semen collection method for south China tiger by using electrical stimulation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the electrode rod is 5cm.
6. The semen collection method for south China tiger by using electrical stimulation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the anesthesia comprises the following steps:
s1, fasting the tigers serving as experimental subjects for one day in advance;
s2, firstly, using a remote injector to carry out remote intramuscular injection on the Tiger south China by 1-2mL;
s3, after 10-25min, injecting ketamine into the muscle of the patient to induce anesthesia by the same method;
s4, lifting the south China tiger to a semen collection platform until the south China tiger automatically lies down and does not struggle, and keeping the south China tiger lying on side;
s5, opening the respiratory anesthesia machine, adjusting the inhalation anesthesia concentration to 4% -5%, maintaining anesthesia through isoflurane, covering the eyes of the tiger with a towel, wrapping the upper jaw and the lower jaw of the tiger, and covering an anesthesia mask on the tiger.
7. The semen collection method for south China tiger by using electrical stimulation according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: atropine was injected 15-20min before ketamine injection.
8. The semen collection method for south China tiger by using electrical stimulation according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the injection dosage of the ketamine is 10mg/kg, and the drug can be added according to the reaction condition after the animal is anesthetized.
9. The semen collection method for south China tiger by using electrical stimulation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: for each semen collection of the same tiger, more than two ejaculation are collected at least.
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| CN202714947U (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2013-02-06 | 赵伟刚 | Automatic electrical stimulation semen collector |
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