CN115379318B - BENES network route speculative solving method and device - Google Patents
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- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
- H04Q2011/0052—Interconnection of switches
Abstract
The invention discloses a BENES network route speculation solving method and device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1: constructing an N multiplied by N BENES network simulation array, wherein the BENES network simulation array is identical to the BENES network topology which is currently controlled; s2: manufacturing N paths of different input signals, wherein each path of the N paths of different input signals is correspondingly connected with one path of input ports of the BENES network simulation array; s3: observing signals flowing through each 2x2 switch of the Benes network emulation array; s4: searching a 2x2 switch, wherein two paths of input ports of the 2x2 switch respectively receive input signals from input ports of two input/output links to be exchanged; s5: and (3) changing the state of a 2x2 optical switch in the BENES network, which corresponds to the 2x2 switch found in the step S4, and completing reconstruction. The invention avoids specific route solving, directly obtains a route result, further reduces the solving time required by the current optimal route solving hardware to tens of nanoseconds or even lower, and enables the BENES optical network to be truly used in a production environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of route calculation, in particular to a BENES network route speculation solving method and device.
Background
A network switch is a network device for electrical/optical signal forwarding that can provide access to any two accessed network switching nodes. Network switching architectures are classified into limited blocking, reordered blocking-free and strictly blocking-free architectures, and the number of switching elements used by the three includes an increasing number of stages. The Benes network belongs to a rearrangement non-blocking architecture, namely when a new input-output port connection is established, all paths need to be re-planned, and the states of the switch units can meet all connection requirements after the re-planning. Compared with a strict non-blocking network architecture, the Benes network has smaller scale and less number of stages passed in routing. The devices which benefit from the Benes network architecture are low in loss and small in size, and are widely applied to the optical switching network architecture, but the path switching algorithm under the network architecture is complex, so that the important attention is required.
The problem with the Benes network is that the route solution is difficult, and the best hardware implementation still requires a solution time of 100ns (for the 16x16 Benes network), which is too slow compared to the switching time of the optical switch by a few ns.
The algorithm for solving the BENES network route in a short period can not break through improvement, meanwhile, the best hardware implementation method has already completely pressed the potential, and the current mode for further reducing the solving time can only depend on the prior process and higher running frequency.
The prior art discloses a low-complexity obstacle avoidance routing method and device for a Benes network, wherein for the Benes network, the connection priority of a sub-network is judged by a fault unit; according to the connection condition of the input and output ports, constructing the association relation of the input port of the input layer, the output port of the output layer and the connection priority of the sub-network; determining the switch state of an input layer and an output layer according to the association relation; updating the connection condition of the input and output ports in the subnetwork according to the switch state; when the connection condition of the input and output ports reaches the intermediate stage, determining the state of a switching unit of the intermediate stage and ending the flow; otherwise, the secondary edge level is taken as the latest edge level, and the fault unit analysis is carried out again. The low-complexity obstacle avoidance routing method can realize low-blocking-rate routing under the conditions of any scale Benes network structure and any port configuration and realize the optimization of the resource utilization of the switch unit. The solution cannot further reduce the route solving time of the Benes network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a BENES network route speculation solving method which is used for rapidly obtaining a solution of a target route and is matched with a proper route decision strategy, and after the speculation method is applied, the average solving time can be reduced to tens of nanoseconds.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a beies network route speculation solving means.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a BENES network route speculation solving method searches for a 2x2 optical switch in the BENES network, so that the reconstruction can be completed by changing the state of the 2x2 optical switch when only two input and output links are exchanged in each BENES network reconstruction, and the speculation solving method comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing an N multiplied by N BENES network simulation array, wherein the BENES network simulation array is identical to the BENES network topology which is currently controlled;
s2: manufacturing N paths of different input signals, wherein each path of the N paths of different input signals is correspondingly connected with one path of input ports of the BENES network simulation array;
s3: observing signals flowing through each 2x2 switch of the Benes network emulation array;
s4: searching a 2x2 switch, wherein two paths of input ports of the 2x2 switch respectively receive input signals from input ports of two input/output links to be exchanged;
s5: and (3) changing the state of a 2x2 optical switch in the BENES network, which corresponds to the 2x2 switch found in the step S4, and completing reconstruction.
Preferably, N different input signals are manufactured in the step S2, specifically:
the input data produced is the number corresponding to the input port of the BENES network simulation array corresponding to the input data, and the value is 1 to N.
Preferably, in the step S3, signals flowing through each 2x2 switch of the beies network simulation array are observed, specifically:
and leading out two paths of input signals of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, and accessing the two paths of input signals into an observation module for observation.
Preferably, in the step S4, a 2x2 switch is found:
the input ports of the two input/output links are A and B, and a binary group (A, B) is generated;
and matching the generated binary groups (A, B) with the input signals of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, wherein the matching is successful, namely the 2x2 switch to be searched.
Preferably, the step S5 specifically includes:
outputting the serial numbers of the 2x2 switches found in the step S4, changing the states of the optical switches corresponding to the serial numbers after the BENES network receives the serial numbers, and changing the optical switches to be parallel if the states of the optical switches are crossed; if the states of the optical switches are parallel, the optical switches become crossed.
Preferably, the bottom-protecting operation is synchronously performed by using a traditional BENES network solving algorithm to obtain a bottom-protecting operation result, and if the solving method hits, the bottom-protecting operation result is discarded by adopting the operation result of the solving method; and if the solving method of the casting machine is not hit, waiting for the bottom-protecting operation result and executing.
The BENES network routing speculative solving device comprises an analog data input excitation module, a BENES network solving array module, an observation module and a state splicer, wherein:
the analog data input excitation module constantly provides N paths of different signals and drives an input port corresponding to the analog BENES array to provide input excitation for the BENES network solving array module;
the BENES network solving array module is internally provided with an N multiplied by N BENES network simulation array, the BENES network simulation array is completely identical to the BENES network topology which is currently controlled, and the analog data input excitation module provides N paths of different signals which are respectively connected with N input ports of the BENES network simulation array;
the observation module receives route solving input, the observation module is connected with an input port of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, and the observation module outputs numbers of the 2x2 switches, of which the two input ports respectively receive input signals from the input ports of two input and output links to be exchanged, to the state splicer;
and the state splice is used for storing a state set carrying the current BENES optical switch array, receiving the optical switch number needing to change the state, internally changing the corresponding optical switch state storage value, splicing with the other optical switch states, and outputting a complete optical switch state sequence.
Preferably, the analog data input excitation module constantly provides N paths of different signals, which are numbers corresponding to input ports of the Benes network simulation array corresponding to the input data, and the numbers are 1 to N.
Preferably, the observation module outputs the number of the 2x2 switch, which receives the input signals from the input ports of the two input/output links to be exchanged, to the state splicer, specifically:
the input ports of the two input/output links are A and B, and a binary group (A, B) is generated;
and matching the generated binary groups (A, B) with the input signals of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, wherein the 2x2 switch to be searched is successfully matched, and the serial number of the 2x2 switch is output to a state splicer.
Preferably, the method further comprises a Benes solver and a route solution collector, wherein:
the BENES solver receives route solving input, synchronously performs bottom-protecting operation by using a traditional BENES network solving algorithm to obtain a bottom-protecting operation result, and outputs the bottom-protecting operation result to a route solving collector;
and the route solving collector receives the bottom-protecting operation result of the BENES solver and the output result of the state splicer at the same time, and selects the output with the highest solving speed.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method avoids specific route solving, directly obtains a route result, further reduces the solving time required by the current optimal route solving hardware to tens of nanoseconds or even lower, and enables the BENES optical network to be truly used in a production environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an example 8x8 bees optical switch configured for a particular route provided by an embodiment.
Fig. 3 shows an example of the speculative algorithm provided in the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a relationship among a beies network simulation array, an observation module, and a beies optical switch array provided in an embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a switch analog device configuration within a Benes network emulation array.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the actual product dimensions;
it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for solving a routing speculation of a Benes network, as shown in fig. 1, the method searches for a 2x2 optical switch in the Benes network, so that when only two input and output links are exchanged in each time of reconstruction of the Benes network, the state of the 2x2 optical switch is changed, and the reconstruction can be completed, and the method for solving the routing speculation comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing an N multiplied by N BENES network simulation array, wherein the BENES network simulation array is identical to the BENES network topology which is currently controlled, and the BENES network simulation array utilizes a circuit to simulate;
s2: manufacturing N paths of different input signals, wherein each path of the N paths of different input signals is correspondingly connected with one path of input ports of the BENES network simulation array;
s3: observing signals flowing through each 2x2 switch of the Benes network emulation array;
s4: searching a 2x2 switch, wherein two paths of input ports of the 2x2 switch respectively receive input signals from input ports of two input/output links to be exchanged;
s5: and (3) changing the state of a 2x2 optical switch in the BENES network, which corresponds to the 2x2 switch found in the step S4, and completing reconstruction.
When only two input-output links are exchanged per reconfiguration, there is a possibility that the reconfiguration can be done by changing the state of only one 2x2 optical switch in the network. The present application refers to finding such a possible algorithm as a speculative algorithm.
In the step S2, N paths of different input signals are manufactured, specifically:
the input data produced is the number corresponding to the input port of the BENES network simulation array corresponding to the input data, and the value is 1 to N.
In the step S3, signals flowing through each 2x2 switch of the beies network simulation array are observed, specifically:
and leading out two paths of input signals of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, and accessing the two paths of input signals into an observation module for observation.
In the step S4, a 2x2 switch is found:
the input ports of the two input/output links are A and B, and a binary group (A, B) is generated;
and matching the generated binary groups (A, B) with the input signals of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, wherein the matching is successful, namely the 2x2 switch to be searched.
The step S5 specifically includes:
outputting the serial numbers of the 2x2 switches found in the step S4, changing the states of the optical switches corresponding to the serial numbers after the BENES network receives the serial numbers, and changing the optical switches to be parallel if the states of the optical switches are crossed; if the states of the optical switches are parallel, the optical switches become crossed.
In the specific implementation process, the solving content of the speculative algorithm is as follows: on the premise of only exchanging the contents of two output ports, whether a 2x2 switch exists or not is judged, and the requirement can be completed after the state of the 2x2 switch is changed. Thus, an output sequence [ N ] is defined as a sequence of numbered components of the respective entries. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the "N" of the Benes network of 8×8 may be {7,8,1,2,6,3,4,5}, where pairing is performed according to the implicit input sequence (since the input sequence is not changed), to obtain 1→7,2→8,3→1,4→2,5→6,6→3,7→4,8→5, i.e.: data entering the input port 1 will flow out of the output port 7 and data entering the input port 2 will flow out of the output port 8 … ….
Assuming that in the current state, the contents of output port 3 and output port 6 need to be exchanged, i.e. 5→3,6→6: data entering the input port 5 will flow out of the output port 3 and data entering the input port 6 will flow out of the output port 6.
The speculative algorithm will make 8 different inputs, observe whether there is a 2x2 switch, on which both the data of input port 5 and the data of input port 6 are carried. In general, the input data to be manufactured is the number corresponding to the input port, i.e. the port input data with the number 1 is also 1, so that the corresponding data path can be easily judged according to the data content. The speculative algorithm solver simulates a Benes array internally using circuitry, the state of which is exactly the same as the current state of the optical switch array. Because the circuit simulation is adopted inside, each simulated switch does not need to have only two paths of outputs like a real optical switch, but each path of input is divided into two paths, one path is used for simulating a real optical path, and the other path is used for the observation module to observe a data path.
The observation module receives route solving input and converts the route solving input into an output port corresponding to which two paths of input ports are specifically exchanged. Because the solution definition can only exchange two paths of inputs, more than two paths of exchanges, the speculative solution can refuse to execute, returning to 'solution failure'. After the corresponding two paths of input port numbers are found, a binary group (A, B) is generated in the observation module, wherein A and B respectively represent one path of input port numbers. Because the observation module is connected with the input results of all the analog switches, at the moment, the switches which simultaneously bear two paths of input can be found only by matching the generated binary group with the input of each analog switch. Obviously, the target route can be achieved by changing the state of this switch (the crossover becomes parallel, or the parallelism becomes crossover).
If the switch exists, the state of the switch is changed (from parallel to cross or from cross to parallel), and the states of the other switches are unchanged, so that the corresponding route solution can be obtained. To accomplish this, the observation module would attempt to find a qualified 2x2 optical switch, i.e., an optical switch that carries both data 5 and 6, as shown in fig. 3. In this example, the observation module has found the optical switch, outlined with a dashed line. After the switch state is changed to be parallel, the solving target is achieved. The changed data is previously noted.
Only the optical switch of which the state needs to be changed is found, and only half of the solving content is completed. Next, the states of the remaining optical switches need to be spliced with the new states of the optical switches that need to be changed to achieve a complete routing output. And (3) the optical switch numbers needing to be changed in state are internally changed, corresponding optical switch state storage values are spliced with the rest optical switch states, and a complete optical switch state sequence is output.
Advantages are: 1. the speed is extremely fast, no data dependence exists, and the parallel operation can be fully performed in one hardware clock cycle.
2. Solving the hit of the speculative algorithm, because only the states of 1 optical switch are changed, only two paths of data links are affected, and the rest data links are still normally available in the reconstruction execution stage, so that the problem of link interruption does not occur.
Example 2
The present embodiment continues to disclose the following on the basis of embodiment 1:
the speculative algorithm of example 1 suffers from the following drawbacks:
the number of switches is limited and below the solution space, so there is a certain probability of not hitting. At 8x8 beans, the average hit rate was 20/28=5/7, and at 16x16 beans, the average hit rate was reduced to 56/120=7/15. The hit rate of a larger-scale Benes network is significantly reduced.
And (3) making up measures: synchronously performing bottom-protecting operation by using a traditional BENES network solving algorithm, adopting an application algorithm result when the application algorithm hits, and discarding the bottom-protecting operation result; otherwise, waiting for the bottom-keeping operation result and executing. The route solutions are sent to the traditional BENES solver and the speculative algorithm solver simultaneously. Because the solution success rate of the traditional BENES solver is 100%, the traditional BENES solver can always finish route solution within a limited time. The solving speed of the speculative algorithm solver is far faster than that of the traditional BENES solver, so that if the speculative algorithm hits, the speculative algorithm solver can always output a solving result faster. Because a certain probability exists and the solution cannot be carried out, a route solution collector is arranged, the device receives output results of a traditional BENES solver and an gam algorithm solver, and the fastest output is selected to realize the aim of solving and accelerating.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a Benes network route speculation solving device, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, including an analog data input excitation module, a Benes network solving array module, an observation module and a state splicer, wherein:
the analog data input excitation module constantly provides N paths of different signals and drives an input port corresponding to the analog BENES array to provide input excitation for the BENES network solving array module;
the BENES network solving array module is internally provided with an N multiplied by N BENES network simulation array, the BENES network simulation array is completely identical to the BENES network topology which is currently controlled, and the analog data input excitation module provides N paths of different signals which are respectively connected with N input ports of the BENES network simulation array;
the observation module receives route solving input, the observation module is connected with an input port of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, and the observation module outputs numbers of the 2x2 switches, of which the two input ports respectively receive input signals from the input ports of two input and output links to be exchanged, to the state splicer;
and the state splice is used for storing a state set carrying the current BENES optical switch array, receiving the optical switch number needing to change the state, internally changing the corresponding optical switch state storage value, splicing with the other optical switch states, and outputting a complete optical switch state sequence.
The analog data input excitation module constantly provides N paths of different signals which are respectively numbers corresponding to input ports of the BENES network simulation array corresponding to the input data, and the values are 1 to N.
The observation module outputs numbers of 2x2 switches of which two paths of input ports respectively receive input signals from input ports of two input/output links to be exchanged to the state splicer, specifically:
the input ports of the two input/output links are A and B, and a binary group (A, B) is generated;
and matching the generated binary groups (A, B) with the input signals of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, wherein the 2x2 switch to be searched is successfully matched, and the serial number of the 2x2 switch is output to a state splicer.
The method further comprises a BENES solver and a route solution collector, wherein:
the BENES solver receives route solving input, synchronously performs bottom-protecting operation by using a traditional BENES network solving algorithm to obtain a bottom-protecting operation result, and outputs the bottom-protecting operation result to a route solving collector;
and the route solving collector receives the bottom-protecting operation result of the BENES solver and the output result of the state splicer at the same time, and selects the output with the highest solving speed.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components;
the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely illustrative, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
it is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. The method is characterized in that the method searches for a 2x2 optical switch in the BENES network, so that the reconstruction can be completed by changing the state of the 2x2 optical switch when only two input and output links are exchanged in each BENES network reconstruction, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing an N multiplied by N BENES network simulation array, wherein the BENES network simulation array is identical to the BENES network topology which is currently controlled;
s2: manufacturing N paths of different input signals, wherein each path of the N paths of different input signals is correspondingly connected with one path of input ports of the BENES network simulation array;
s3: observing signals flowing through each 2x2 switch of the Benes network emulation array;
s4: searching a 2x2 switch, wherein two paths of input ports of the 2x2 switch respectively receive input signals from input ports of two input/output links to be exchanged;
s5: changing the state of a 2x2 optical switch at a position corresponding to the 2x2 switch found in the step S4 in the BENES network, and completing reconstruction;
in the step S3, signals flowing through each 2x2 switch of the beies network simulation array are observed, specifically:
two paths of input signals of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array are led out and connected into an observation module for observation;
in the step S4, a 2x2 switch is found, specifically:
the input ports of the two input/output links are A and B, and a binary group (A, B) is generated;
matching the generated binary groups (A, B) with the input signals of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, wherein the matching is successful, namely the 2x2 switch to be searched;
synchronously performing bottom-preserving operation by using a traditional BENES network solving algorithm to obtain a bottom-preserving operation result, and if the casting solving method hits, discarding the bottom-preserving operation result by adopting the operation result of the casting solving method; and if the solving method of the casting machine is not hit, waiting for the bottom-protecting operation result and executing.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein N paths of different input signals are manufactured in step S2, specifically:
the input data produced is the serial number corresponding to the input port of the BENES network simulation array corresponding to the input data.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 is specifically:
outputting the serial numbers of the 2x2 switches found in the step S4, changing the states of the optical switches corresponding to the serial numbers after the BENES network receives the serial numbers, and changing the optical switches to be parallel if the states of the optical switches are crossed; if the states of the optical switches are parallel, the optical switches become crossed.
4. The BENES network routing machine solving device is characterized by comprising an analog data input excitation module, a BENES network solving array module, an observation module and a state splicer, wherein:
the analog data input excitation module constantly provides N paths of different signals and drives an input port corresponding to the analog BENES array to provide input excitation for the BENES network solving array module;
the BENES network solving array module is internally provided with an N multiplied by N BENES network simulation array, the BENES network simulation array is completely identical to the BENES network topology which is currently controlled, and the analog data input excitation module provides N paths of different signals which are respectively connected with N input ports of the BENES network simulation array;
the observation module receives route solving input, the observation module is connected with an input port of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, and the observation module outputs numbers of the 2x2 switches, of which the two input ports respectively receive input signals from the input ports of two input and output links to be exchanged, to the state splicer;
the state splicer stores a state set carrying the current BENES optical switch array, receives the optical switch number needing to change the state, internally changes the corresponding optical switch state storage value, splices with the other optical switch states, and outputs a complete optical switch state sequence;
the observation module outputs numbers of 2x2 switches of which two paths of input ports respectively receive input signals from input ports of two input/output links to be exchanged to the state splicer, specifically:
the input ports of the two input/output links are A and B, and a binary group (A, B) is generated;
matching the generated binary groups (A, B) with the input signals of each 2x2 switch of the BENES network simulation array, wherein the matching is successful, namely the 2x2 switch to be searched is obtained, and the serial number of the 2x2 switch is output to a state splicer;
the method further comprises a BENES solver and a route solution collector, wherein:
the BENES solver receives route solving input, synchronously performs bottom-protecting operation by using a traditional BENES network solving algorithm to obtain a bottom-protecting operation result, and outputs the bottom-protecting operation result to a route solving collector;
and the route solving collector receives the bottom-protecting operation result of the BENES solver and the output result of the state splicer at the same time, and selects the output with the highest solving speed.
5. The Benes network routing engine solving apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the analog data input excitation module constantly provides N different signals, which are numbers corresponding to input ports of the Benes network simulation array corresponding to the input data, respectively, and take values of 1 to N.
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