CN115378319A - Modular mixed excitation claw pole motor controller, mixed excitation claw pole motor and control method - Google Patents
Modular mixed excitation claw pole motor controller, mixed excitation claw pole motor and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115378319A CN115378319A CN202110543194.XA CN202110543194A CN115378319A CN 115378319 A CN115378319 A CN 115378319A CN 202110543194 A CN202110543194 A CN 202110543194A CN 115378319 A CN115378319 A CN 115378319A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/08—Control of generator circuit during starting or stopping of driving means, e.g. for initiating excitation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a modularized hybrid excitation claw pole motor controller, a hybrid excitation claw pole motor and a control method, wherein the controller comprises an ISG motor controller, the ISG motor controller comprises a bridge inverter circuit and an inverter controller, a coil winding in a stator of the claw pole motor is electrically connected with an external battery through the bridge inverter circuit, the inverter controller controls the bridge inverter circuit to work according to specific working conditions, so that the claw pole motor is in a power generation state or a starting state, an excitation current control module comprises an excitation controller, a single-phase bridge circuit and an excitation current sampling circuit, the battery is electrically connected with an excitation coil in a rotor of the claw pole motor through the bridge single-phase circuit, the excitation controller outputs signals to control the single-phase bridge circuit to work, the excitation current sampling circuit detects that feedback current signals of the excitation coil in the rotor are transmitted to the excitation controller, and a communication line is used between the inverter controller and the excitation controller to realize information transmission, so that current is directly controlled.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a modular hybrid excitation claw-pole motor controller, a hybrid excitation claw-pole motor and a control method.
Background art:
the integrated vehicle-mounted starting and power generating machine (ISG motor for short) is widely applied to vehicles, and is directly integrated on a main shaft of an automobile engine to replace a traditional starting motor, the ISG motor replaces an engine to drive an automobile in a short time at a starting stage and plays a role in starting the engine at the same time, so that idle loss and pollution of the engine are reduced, the automobile engine drives the vehicle during normal running, the ISG motor is disconnected from the main shaft of the automobile engine or plays a role of a generator, and the main shaft of the automobile engine can also play a role in regenerating energy during braking.
The existing ISG motor mostly adopts a hybrid excitation claw pole motor, which is described in US20060267344A1 or chinese equivalent CN100517922 (C), and its structure is shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3:
fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a starter-generator unit for a vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, fig. 2 is a perspective view of a rotor of a starter-generator unit for a vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, and fig. 3 is a conceptual view of a starter-generator unit for a vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. In fig. 1 and 2, a vehicle starter-generator motor 1 as a vehicle rotating electrical machine includes a casing 4 composed of a front end cover 2 and a rear end cover 3 made of aluminum and having a substantially bowl shape, a rotatable shaft 6 supported by the casing 4 through bearings 5a and 5b, a pulley 7 fixed to one end of the shaft 6 protruding from a front end side of the casing 4, a rotor 8 fixed to the shaft 6 and disposed rotatably in the casing 4, an armature 9 held on an inner wall surface of the casing 4 so as to surround the rotor 8, a pair of slip rings 10 fixed to the other end portion of the shaft 6, a brush holder 11 disposed on an outer periphery of the slip rings 10, and brushes 12 disposed in the brush holder 11 and slidably contacting the slip rings 10. The armature 9 (also referred to as a stator) includes an armature core 13 disposed so as to surround the rotor 8 with the front and rear covers 2 and 3 interposed therebetween, and an armature winding 14 (also referred to as a coil winding) wound around the armature core 13. The rotor 8 includes a field winding 15 through which a current flows to generate a magnetic flux, and a claw-pole (randel-type) rotor core 16 that is provided so as to cover the field winding 15 and forms a magnetic pole by the magnetic flux.
The rotor core 16 is formed of a pair of pole cores 17 and 18 made of iron, and claw-shaped magnetic poles 17a and 18a of the pair of pole cores 17 and 18 are provided so as to protrude at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction at outer peripheral edge portions of cylindrical boss portions 17b and 18 b. Each claw-shaped magnetic pole 17a is formed by extending radially outward from an outer peripheral edge portion of one end in the axial direction of the boss portion 17b, and then extending toward the other end in the axial direction. Each claw-shaped magnetic pole 18a is formed by extending radially outward from the outer peripheral edge portion of the other end in the axial direction of the boss portion 18b, and then extending toward one end in the axial direction. Then, the pair of pole cores 17 and 18 have the other axial end surface of the boss portion 17b and the one axial end surface of the boss portion 18b face each other, so that the claw- shaped poles 17a and 18a are engaged with each other, and the shaft 6 is pressed into the axial center positions of the boss portions 17b and 18b to be integrated. Further, fans 19 are fixed to both ends of the rotor 8 in the axial direction. The permanent magnets 20 are arranged between the adjacent claw-shaped magnetic poles 17a and 18a in the circumferential direction, and each permanent magnet 20 is made of, for example, a ferrite permanent magnet, and then magnetized so as to have the same polarity as that of the claw-shaped magnetic poles 17a and 18a that are in contact with each other, that is, so as to form an N-pole on the side in contact with the N-pole magnetic pole and an S-pole on the side in contact with the S-pole magnetic pole. The field winding 15 is wound around the bobbin 21 and is accommodated in a space surrounded by the claw poles 17a and 18a, the permanent magnet 20, and the boss portions 17b and 18 b. The resolver 22 is disposed axially outside the bearing 5 b. The resolver 22 is a device for detecting the relative position of the rotor 8 with respect to the armature 9 and the rotational speed of the rotor 8. Then, the detection signal of the resolver 22 is output to a control device 28 (described later) as a rotation signal (f).
Next, the configuration of a vehicle starter generator that employs the vehicle starter generator motor 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to fig. 3. The rotor 8 of the vehicle start-up generator motor 1 is connected to a crankshaft of the engine 32 by a belt (not shown). Here, the armature winding 14 is formed by Y-connecting three-phase windings. The inverter unit 23 includes an inverter module 24 including a plurality of switching elements 26 and diodes 27 connected in parallel to the switching elements 26, and a capacitor 25 connected in parallel to the inverter module 24. The capacitor 25 has a function of smoothing the current flowing through the inverter assembly 24. The inverter module 24 is configured by arranging three circuits in parallel, each of which connects two sets of switching elements 26 and diodes 27 connected in parallel in series, and sealing these elements 26 and 27 in a package to form a single unit. Then, the Y-connection ends of the armature winding 14 are connected to the midpoints of the switching elements 26 connected in series, respectively. The switching operation of the switching elements 26 of the inverter module 24 is controlled by the early-stage control device 28. Then, power is supplied to the vehicle starter generator 1 to operate as a starter motor, and the engine 32 is started. Further, the vehicle starter generator motor 1 is rotationally driven by the engine 32 after the engine 32 is started, and operates as an alternator to generate a three-phase ac voltage. The 1 st battery 29 of the 36V system, which is a drive power source of the vehicle starter-generator motor 1, is connected in parallel to the inverter module 24. The vehicle starter generator motor 1 is operated at a high voltage (36V) by the 1 st battery 29. In addition, since the electrical load mounted on the vehicle is generally rated at 12V, the 2 nd battery 30 of the 12V system is mounted. Therefore, a DC/DC converter 31 is connected in parallel with the inverter unit 24 so that the 2 nd battery 30 for driving the electrical load can be charged. That is, when the engine 32 is started by the starter motor 1 for a vehicle, it is necessary to increase the torque generated by the starter motor 1 for a vehicle, that is, to increase the amount of current flowing through the armature winding 14. In addition, when the 2 nd battery 30 for driving the electrical load mounted on the vehicle is operated, the wiring loss increases, and the wiring itself becomes large in order to reduce the wiring resistance. Therefore, the battery voltage is raised to reduce the feeding loss.
Next, the operation of the vehicle starter generator configured as described above will be described.
First, the controller 28 controls the switching elements 26 to be turned on or off, and generates three-phase ac power using the dc power of the 1 st battery 29. The three-phase ac power is supplied to the armature winding 14, and a rotating magnetic field is applied to the field winding 15 of the rotor 8, thereby driving the rotor 8 to rotate. Then, the rotational force of the rotor 8 is transmitted to the engine 32 via the pulley 7 and a belt (not shown), and the engine 32 is driven to rotate, that is, started. When the engine 32 is started, the rotational force of the engine 32 is transmitted to the starter generator motor 1 for a vehicle via a belt and a pulley. By this, the rotor 8 is driven to rotate, and a three-phase ac voltage is induced in the armature winding 14. Therefore, the controller 28 turns off each switching element 26, and generates power by the starter generator motor 1 for a vehicle in the ac power generation mode. In this power generation state, the inverter unit 24 becomes a three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit formed by connecting a set of two diodes 27 connected in series to three sets in parallel, and the three-phase ac voltage induced in the armature winding 14 is rectified by the inverter unit 23 to form a dc current. Then, the 1 st battery 29 is charged with the dc power rectified by the inverter unit 23. The DC power rectified by the inverter unit 23 is converted into 12V by the DC/DC converter 31.
Detailed description the patent specification of US20060267344A1, or chinese equivalent CN100517922 (C), can be read in detail and will not be described herein.
The hybrid excitation claw pole motor still has the following problems or defects:
1) The traditional exciting current control is a voltage control mode, namely, the exciting current is indirectly controlled by taking direct-current side voltage as a control quantity through voltage feedback, so that the control steady-state precision is poor, and the dynamic response speed is slow;
2) The excitation control circuit of the controller is unidirectional excitation, and the control mode is single, so that the excitation control circuit cannot be well adapted to the actual operating condition of the automobile;
3) The switching devices work in a PWM mode during starting of the controller inverter, the switching devices do not work during power generation, and only the diodes connected in parallel beside the switching devices of the inverter assembly are used for realizing rectification, so that the output current and voltage control precision of the system cannot be improved, the output current and motor current fluctuation cannot be reduced, and the service life of the system cannot be prolonged well.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a modular hybrid excitation claw pole motor controller, a hybrid excitation claw pole motor and a control method, and solves the technical problems that the control steady-state precision is poor and the dynamic response speed is slow because the excitation current of the hybrid excitation claw pole motor is controlled in a voltage control mode in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a modularization hybrid excitation claw pole machine controller, includes ISG machine controller, and ISG machine controller includes bridge type inverter circuit and inverter controller, and the coil winding in the stator of claw pole machine passes through bridge type inverter circuit and is connected with outside battery electricity, and inverter controller controls bridge type inverter circuit work according to concrete operating condition, makes claw pole machine be in power generation state or starting condition, its characterized in that: the device also comprises an excitation current control module, wherein the excitation current control module comprises an excitation controller, a single-phase bridge circuit and an excitation current sampling circuit, a battery is electrically connected with an excitation coil in a rotor of the claw pole motor through the single-phase bridge circuit, the excitation controller outputs a signal to control the single-phase bridge circuit to work, the excitation current sampling circuit detects that a feedback current signal passing through the excitation coil in the rotor is transmitted to the excitation controller, and information transmission is realized between the inverter controller and the excitation controller through a communication line.
The single-phase bridge circuit comprises a switching tube Q7, a switching tube Q8, a switching tube Q9 and a switching tube Q10, wherein the switching tube Q7 and the switching tube Q8 form a bridge arm and are connected to two ends of a battery, the switching tube Q9 and the switching tube Q10 form another bridge arm and are connected to two ends of the battery, one end of an excitation coil is connected between the switching tube Q7 and the switching tube Q8, the other end of the excitation coil is connected between the switching tube Q9 and the switching tube Q10, and the excitation controller outputs four paths of signals to respectively control the switching tube Q7, the switching tube Q8, the switching tube Q9 and the switching tube Q10.
The excitation controller controls the switching tube Q7 and the switching tube Q10 to be switched on and off according to a PWM (pulse-width modulation) mode, and controls the switching tube Q8 and the switching tube Q9 to be switched off, so that the current control of the excitation coil in one direction is realized; the excitation controller controls the switch tube Q7 and the switch tube Q10 to be closed, and controls the switch tube Q8 and the switch tube Q9 to be switched on and off according to a PWM (pulse-width modulation) mode, so that the current control of the excitation coil in the other direction is realized; this enables bidirectional current control through the field coil.
The ISG motor controller is integrated on a first circuit board, the exciting current control module is integrated on a second circuit board, and the first circuit board and the second circuit board are connected and communicated through a connector plug.
The inverter controller and the excitation controller are both provided with a single chip or a digital signal processor with digital signal processing capability.
When the claw-pole motor is in a starting state, the inverter controller controls the bridge inverter circuit to work so that direct current provided by the battery is converted into alternating current to be supplied to a coil winding in a stator of the claw-pole motor; when the claw pole motor is in a power generation state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work, so that alternating current generated by a coil winding in the stator is converted into direct current to be stored in an external battery, and the bridge type inverter circuit is in a working state in all regions.
And a DC-DC conversion circuit is also connected between the bridge inverter circuit and an external battery.
The utility model provides a hybrid excitation claw utmost point motor, includes motor body and machine controller, motor body include stator, rotor and casing, the stator includes stator core and the coil winding of coiling on stator core, the rotor includes excitation coil, rotor core and permanent magnet, its characterized in that: the motor controller adopts the modular hybrid excitation claw pole motor controller.
A control method of a hybrid excitation claw-pole motor adopts the hybrid excitation claw-pole motor, and is characterized in that: the inverter controller sends a current instruction I to the excitation controller, the excitation current sampling circuit detects a feedback current signal If passing through an excitation coil in the rotor and sends the feedback current signal If to the excitation controller, the excitation controller compares the current instruction I with the feedback current signal If to obtain an excitation current control error, the error is processed by a PI regulator arranged in the excitation controller to generate a PWM signal, and the PWM signal is used for controlling a single-phase bridge circuit to regulate the output excitation current of the excitation coil, so that the closed-loop control of the current passing through the excitation coil is realized.
When the claw pole motor is in a starting state, the inverter controller sends a current instruction to the excitation controller to control the excitation current of the excitation coil to reach the maximum current Imax for controlling the excitation current of the excitation coil to reach 90-100% so as to increase the starting torque; after the starting is completed and the power generation stage is started, the exciting current of the exciting coil is reduced along with the increase of the rotating speed, the maximum output power is increased while the constant torque range is increased, and the maximum current Imax is the maximum current allowed to pass through the exciting coil.
When extreme working conditions such as load shedding and the like occur, the inverter controller sends a current instruction to the excitation controller to control the excitation current of the excitation coil to be reversed, and the amplitude of sudden voltage rise is reduced through weak magnetic control, so that the system safety is ensured.
When the claw-pole motor is in a starting state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work so that direct current provided by the battery is converted into alternating current to be supplied to a coil winding in a stator of the claw-pole motor; when the claw pole motor is in a power generation state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work so that alternating current generated by the coil winding is converted into direct current to be stored in an external battery, and therefore the bridge type inverter circuit is in a working state in all regions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1) The invention relates to a claw pole motor, which is characterized in that a magnetic current control module is added, an exciting current control module comprises an exciting controller, a single-phase bridge circuit and an exciting current sampling circuit, a battery is electrically connected with an exciting coil in a rotor of the claw pole motor through the single-phase bridge circuit, the exciting controller outputs a signal to control the single-phase bridge circuit to work, the exciting current sampling circuit detects that a feedback current signal passing through the exciting coil in the rotor is transmitted to the exciting controller, and a communication line is used between an inverter controller and the exciting controller to realize information transmission. The exciting current control adopts a current control mode, namely, a current closed loop is formed by collecting actual exciting current, the current is directly controlled, and compared with the traditional voltage control mode, the control precision is high and the dynamic response is fast.
2) Other advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the examples section.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a prior art integrated starter-generator for a vehicle;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rotor of a prior art integrated starter-generator for a vehicle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a prior art controller for a vehicle starter-generator assembly;
fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a modular hybrid excitation claw pole motor controller according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an expanded view of the partial circuit of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is an assembly view of an ISG motor controller and excitation current control module according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of control signals according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention discloses a hybrid excitation claw pole motor, which comprises a motor body and a motor controller, wherein the motor body comprises a stator, a rotor and a machine shell, the stator comprises a stator core and a coil winding wound on the stator core, the rotor comprises an excitation coil, a rotor core and a permanent magnet, the mechanical structure of the motor body is the same as that of a starting and power generation all-in-one machine shown in the prior art in figures 1 and 2, and the invention is characterized in that the motor controller is improved, particularly shown in figures 4 and 5.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a modular hybrid excitation claw-pole motor controller includes an ISG motor controller, where the ISG motor controller includes a bridge inverter circuit and an inverter controller, a coil winding in a stator of a claw-pole motor is electrically connected to an external battery 41 through the bridge inverter circuit, and the inverter controller controls the bridge inverter circuit to operate according to a specific operating condition, so that the claw-pole motor is in a power generation state or a starting state, and is characterized in that: the excitation current control module comprises an excitation controller, a single-phase bridge circuit and an excitation current sampling circuit, a battery is electrically connected with an excitation coil in a rotor of the claw pole motor through the single-phase bridge circuit, the excitation controller outputs a signal to control the single-phase bridge circuit to work, the excitation current sampling circuit detects that a feedback current signal of the excitation coil in the rotor is transmitted to the excitation controller, and information transmission is realized between the inverter controller and the excitation controller through a communication line.
In fig. 4, a motor body is denoted by M, a field coil in a rotor of the motor body is denoted by L, in fig. 5, the motor body M is illustrated as a 3-phase motor, 3-phase coil windings in a stator are denoted by U, V, and W, a bridge inverter circuit also adopts a 3-phase form, that is, 6 switching tubes are adopted, a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a switching tube Q3, a switching tube Q4, a switching tube Q5, and a switching tube Q6 are adopted, the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 form a first bridge arm, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4 form a second bridge arm, the switching tube Q5 and the switching tube Q6 form a third bridge arm, and an inverter controller outputs 6 paths of signals to control the switching tubes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6 to be turned on or off respectively. Of course, the number of phases of the motor is only an example and is not limited, and for example, a 6-phase hybrid excitation claw pole motor or the like may also be used, and will not be described one by one here.
The inverter controller and the excitation controller are both provided with a single chip microcomputer MCU or a digital signal processor DSP with digital signal processing capability.
The single-phase bridge circuit comprises a switching tube Q7, a switching tube Q8, a switching tube Q9 and a switching tube Q10, wherein the switching tube Q7 and the switching tube Q8 form a bridge arm and are connected to two ends of a battery, the switching tube Q9 and the switching tube Q10 form another bridge arm and are connected to two ends of the battery, one end of a magnet exciting coil is connected between the switching tube Q7 and the switching tube Q8, the other end of the magnet exciting coil is connected between the switching tube Q9 and the switching tube Q10, an excitation controller outputs four paths of signals to respectively control the switching tube Q7, the switching tube Q8, the switching tube Q9 and the switching tube Q10 to be switched on or switched off, and the switching tube Q7, the switching tube Q8, the switching tube Q9 and the switching tube Q10 adopt MOS tubes or common triodes.
The excitation controller controls the switching tube Q7 and the switching tube Q10 to be switched on and off according to a PWM (pulse-width modulation) mode, and controls the switching tube Q8 and the switching tube Q9 to be switched off, so that the current control of the excitation coil in one direction is realized; the excitation controller controls the switch tube Q7 and the switch tube Q10 to be closed, and controls the switch tube Q8 and the switch tube Q9 to be switched on and off according to a PWM (pulse-width modulation) mode, so that the current control of the excitation coil in the other direction is realized; this enables bidirectional current control through the field coil.
As shown in fig. 6, the ISG motor controller is integrated on a first circuit board 42, the field current control module is integrated on a second circuit board 43, and the first circuit board 42 and the second circuit board 43 are connected and communicated with each other through a connector 44.
When the claw-pole motor is in a starting state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work so that direct current provided by the battery is converted into alternating current to be supplied to a coil winding L in a stator of the claw-pole motor; when the claw pole motor is in a power generation state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work, so that alternating current generated by coil windings U, V and W in the stator is converted into direct current to be stored in an external battery, and the bridge type inverter circuit is in a working state in the whole region.
A DC-DC conversion circuit is also connected between the bridge inverter circuit and the external battery to match the output voltage of the external battery 41 with the generated state of the modular hybrid claw-pole motor.
The universal ISG controller module includes a three-phase (six-phase) inverter bridge circuit, dc voltage detection, motor phase current sampling (done by phase current detection circuit), and an inverter controller. The basic working principle is that an inverter controller receives a motor torque, power, current or direct current voltage command from an automobile vehicle controller, a current command of a modularized hybrid excitation claw pole motor is obtained through calculation, then actual direct current voltage and actual alternating current are collected through a sampling circuit, and a driving signal is generated through calculation to control a three-phase (six-phase) bridge type inverter circuit to work according to a PWM mode, so that direct current voltage, motor current and a reference command are controlled. Meanwhile, the inverter controller calculates the instruction value of the exciting current according to the actual running state of the modularized hybrid excitation claw pole motor. The excitation current control module comprises an excitation controller, a single-phase bridge circuit and an excitation current sampling circuit. The basic working principle is that the excitation controller receives an excitation current instruction of the inverter controller through a communication line, an actual excitation current is collected through an excitation current sampling circuit, a driving signal is generated through calculation to control the single-phase bridge circuit to work according to a PWM mode, and then the excitation current of the actual excitation coil is controlled to be equal to the instruction.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) The inverter controller sends a current instruction I to the excitation controller, the excitation current sampling circuit detects a feedback current signal If passing through an excitation coil L in the rotor and sends the feedback current signal If to the excitation controller, the excitation controller compares the current instruction I with the feedback current signal If to obtain an excitation current control error, the error is processed by a PI regulator arranged in the excitation controller to generate a PWM signal, and the PWM signal is used for controlling a single-phase bridge circuit to regulate the output excitation current of the excitation coil L, so that the closed-loop control of the current passing through the excitation coil L is realized. The current is directly controlled, and compared with the traditional voltage control mode, the control precision is high, and the dynamic response is fast.
2) The motor controller has a modular structure: on the basis of a general ISG controller, an excitation current control module is added in a modular form and is connected with the general ISG controller through a connecting and wiping piece. If the excitation current control module is inserted, a mixed excitation claw pole motor controller is formed, and if the excitation current control module is removed, the mixed excitation claw pole motor controller is a general ISG controller. Simple use, convenient installation and flexible application. The ISG motor controller is integrated on a first circuit board 42, the exciting current control module is integrated on a second circuit board 43, and the first circuit board 42 and the second circuit board 43 are connected and communicated through a connector 44 in a plug-in mode to achieve a modular structure.
3) The excitation circuit adopts single-phase bridge circuit, and single-phase bridge circuit can realize two-way exciting current control, can change exciting coil L's exciting current's flow direction according to the different operating mode of car to can conveniently realize weak magnetic control, nimble changeable, control is more accurate effective.
4) The bridge type inverter circuit works in a full working area, and the bridge type inverter circuit works in a PWM mode. In the starting stage, the same as the traditional control mode, in the power generation stage, because the inverter controller also works under PWM control, namely the inverter controller also outputs PWM signals to control the bridge type inverter circuit to rectify, the control precision of the system output current and voltage can be improved, the output current and the motor current fluctuation are reduced, and the service life of the system is prolonged.
The second embodiment:
as shown in fig. 7, a method for controlling a hybrid excitation claw-pole motor, which uses a hybrid excitation claw-pole motor according to the first embodiment, is characterized in that: the inverter controller sends a current instruction I to the excitation controller, the excitation current sampling circuit detects a feedback current signal If passing through an excitation coil L in the rotor and sends the feedback current signal If to the excitation controller, the excitation controller compares the current instruction I with the feedback current signal If to obtain an excitation current control error, the error is processed by a PI regulator arranged in the excitation controller to generate a PWM signal, and the PWM signal is used for controlling the single-phase bridge circuit to regulate the output excitation current of the excitation coil, so that the closed-loop control of the excitation current passing through the excitation coil is realized.
The excitation current passing through the excitation coil L employs a closed-loop controller, and the excitation current control employs a current control manner. The excitation current control of the traditional general ISG motor controller is a voltage control mode, that is, the excitation current of the excitation coil L is indirectly controlled by voltage feedback with the direct-current side voltage as a control quantity, so that the control steady-state precision is poor and the dynamic response speed is slow. In order to overcome the defect, the invention adopts a current closed loop system mode, namely, a current closed loop is formed by collecting the exciting current of the actual exciting coil L, the current is directly controlled, the control precision is higher than that of the traditional voltage control mode, the dynamic response is fast, in addition, the invention overcomes the defect that the exciting control circuit of the traditional general ISG motor controller can only carry out unidirectional excitation, and the design adopts a single-phase bridge circuit, and the circuit has bidirectional current circulation capability, is flexible and changeable and has strong adaptability.
The PI regulator arranged in the excitation controller is realized through a software module, the PWM generator in the figure 7 is also realized through the software module, the PWM generator and the PI regulator are arranged on the inner surface of the excitation controller, the excitation controller is a single-chip microcomputer MCU (microprogrammed control Unit), the PWM generator and the PI regulator are conveniently realized through programming, an excitation current control error is processed by the PI regulator and then is sent to the PWM generator, the PWM generator generates a PWM signal, and the single-phase bridge circuit is controlled by the PWM signal to regulate the output excitation current of the excitation coil.
When the claw pole motor is in a starting state, the inverter controller sends a current instruction to the excitation controller to control the excitation current of the excitation coil to reach 90-100% of maximum current Imax so as to increase starting torque; after the starting is finished and the power generation stage is entered, the exciting current of the exciting coil is reduced along with the increase of the rotating speed, the maximum output power is increased while the constant torque range is increased, and the maximum current Imax is the maximum current allowed to pass through the exciting coil, so that the starting reliability can be ensured, and the energy consumption is reduced.
When extreme working conditions such as load shedding and the like occur, the inverter controller sends a current instruction to the excitation controller to control the excitation current of the excitation coil to be reversed, and the amplitude of voltage sudden rise is reduced through weak magnetic control, so that the system safety is ensured.
When the claw-pole motor is in a starting state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work so that direct current provided by the battery is converted into alternating current to be supplied to a coil winding in a stator of the claw-pole motor; when the claw pole motor is in a power generation state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work so that alternating current generated by the coil winding is converted into direct current to be stored in an external battery, and therefore the bridge type inverter circuit is in a working state in all regions. The system output current and voltage control precision can be improved, the output current and motor current fluctuation are reduced, and the system service life is prolonged.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, which are made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, are all equivalent replacements within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides a modularization hybrid excitation claw pole machine controller, includes ISG machine controller, and ISG machine controller includes bridge type inverter circuit and inverter controller, and the coil winding in the stator of claw pole machine passes through bridge type inverter circuit and is connected with outside battery electricity, and inverter controller controls bridge type inverter circuit work according to concrete operating condition, makes claw pole machine be in power generation state or starting condition, its characterized in that: the excitation current control module comprises an excitation controller, a single-phase bridge circuit and an excitation current sampling circuit, a battery is electrically connected with an excitation coil in a rotor of the claw pole motor through the single-phase bridge circuit, the excitation controller outputs a signal to control the single-phase bridge circuit to work, the excitation current sampling circuit detects that a feedback current signal of the excitation coil in the rotor is transmitted to the excitation controller, and information transmission is realized between the inverter controller and the excitation controller through a communication line.
2. The modular hybrid excitation claw-pole motor controller of claim 1, wherein: the single-phase bridge circuit comprises a switch tube Q7, a switch tube Q8, a switch tube Q9 and a switch tube Q10, the switch tube Q7, a bridge arm is formed by the switch tube Q8 and connected at two ends of a battery, another bridge arm is formed by the switch tube Q9 and the switch tube Q10 and connected at two ends of the battery, one end of a magnet exciting coil is connected between the switch tube Q7 and the switch tube Q8, the other end of the magnet exciting coil is connected between the switch tube Q9 and the switch tube Q10, the excitation controller outputs four paths of signals to respectively control the switch tube Q7, the switch tube Q8, the switch tube Q9 and the switch tube Q10.
3. The modular hybrid excitation claw-pole motor controller of claim 2, wherein: the excitation controller controls the switching tube Q7 and the switching tube Q10 to be switched on and off according to a PWM (pulse-width modulation) mode, and controls the switching tube Q8 and the switching tube Q9 to be switched off, so that the current control of the excitation coil in one direction is realized; the excitation controller controls the switch tube Q7 and the switch tube Q10 to be closed, and controls the switch tube Q8 and the switch tube Q9 to be switched on and off according to a PWM (pulse-width modulation) mode, so that the current control of the excitation coil in the other direction is realized; this enables bidirectional current control through the field coil.
4. A modular hybrid excitation claw pole machine controller as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the ISG motor controller is integrated on a first circuit board, the exciting current control module is integrated on a second circuit board, and the first circuit board and the second circuit board are connected and communicated through connectors.
5. The modular hybrid excitation claw-pole motor controller of claim 4, wherein: the inverter controller and the excitation controller are both provided with a single chip or a digital signal processor with digital signal processing capability.
6. The modular hybrid excitation claw-pole motor controller of claim 4, wherein: when the claw-pole motor is in a starting state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work so that direct current provided by the battery is converted into alternating current to be supplied to a coil winding in a stator of the claw-pole motor; when the claw pole motor is in a power generation state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work, so that alternating current generated by a coil winding in the stator is converted into direct current to be stored in an external battery, and the bridge type inverter circuit is in a working state in all regions.
7. The modular hybrid excitation claw-pole motor controller of claim 4, wherein: and a DC-DC conversion circuit is also connected between the bridge inverter circuit and an external battery.
8. The utility model provides a mixed excitation claw pole motor, includes motor body and machine controller, motor body include stator, rotor and casing, the stator includes stator core and the coil winding of coiling on stator core, the rotor includes excitation coil, rotor core and permanent magnet, its characterized in that: the motor controller adopts the modular hybrid excitation claw pole motor controller of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A control method of a hybrid excitation claw-pole motor, wherein the hybrid excitation claw-pole motor adopts the hybrid excitation claw-pole motor of claim 8, and is characterized in that: the inverter controller sends a current instruction I to the excitation controller, the excitation current sampling circuit detects a feedback current signal If passing through an excitation coil in the rotor and sends the feedback current signal If to the excitation controller, the excitation controller compares the current instruction I with the feedback current signal If to obtain an excitation current control error, the error is processed by a PI regulator arranged in the excitation controller to generate a PWM signal, and the PWM signal is used for controlling the single-phase bridge circuit to regulate the output excitation current of the excitation coil, so that the closed-loop control of the current passing through the excitation coil is realized.
10. The control method of the hybrid excitation claw-pole motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: when the claw pole motor is in a starting state, the inverter controller sends a current instruction to the excitation controller to control the excitation current of the excitation coil to reach 90-100% of maximum current Imax so as to increase starting torque; after the starting is finished and the power generation stage is entered, the exciting current of the exciting coil is reduced along with the increase of the rotating speed, the maximum output power is increased while the constant torque range is increased, and the maximum current Imax is the maximum current allowed to pass through the exciting coil.
11. The control method of the hybrid excitation claw-pole motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: when extreme working conditions such as load shedding and the like occur, the inverter controller sends a current instruction to the excitation controller to control the excitation current of the excitation coil to be reversed, and the amplitude of sudden voltage rise is reduced through weak magnetic control, so that the system safety is ensured.
12. The control method of the hybrid excitation claw-pole motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: when the claw-pole motor is in a starting state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work so that direct current provided by the battery is converted into alternating current to be supplied to a coil winding in a stator of the claw-pole motor; when the claw pole motor is in a power generation state, the inverter controller controls the bridge type inverter circuit to work, so that alternating current generated by the coil winding is converted into direct current to be stored in an external battery, and the bridge type inverter circuit is in a working state in all regions.
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| CN202110543194.XA CN115378319A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Modular mixed excitation claw pole motor controller, mixed excitation claw pole motor and control method |
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| CN202110543194.XA CN115378319A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Modular mixed excitation claw pole motor controller, mixed excitation claw pole motor and control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115913005A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-04-04 | 蜂巢传动科技邳州有限公司 | Excitation current control device, electro-magnetic synchronous motor and control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115913005A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-04-04 | 蜂巢传动科技邳州有限公司 | Excitation current control device, electro-magnetic synchronous motor and control method |
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