CN115371234A - Novel intelligent clean air conditioner air speed control method - Google Patents

Novel intelligent clean air conditioner air speed control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115371234A
CN115371234A CN202210763694.9A CN202210763694A CN115371234A CN 115371234 A CN115371234 A CN 115371234A CN 202210763694 A CN202210763694 A CN 202210763694A CN 115371234 A CN115371234 A CN 115371234A
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China
Prior art keywords
speed
air supply
wind speed
setting
value
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Inventor
冯贵墨
王汉雄
王云阳
高树宇
刘涛
王硕
高斌
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703th Research Institute of CSIC
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703th Research Institute of CSIC
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Priority to CN202210763694.9A priority Critical patent/CN115371234A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a novel intelligent clean air conditioner wind speed control method, which adopts a 32-order unequal weight sliding time domain filter to filter the air speed of the main air supply, smoothes the observed value of the wind speed and reduces the disturbance of the wind speed; the method of least square fitting is used for the filtered wind speed, the current rotating speed of the variable-frequency fan is calculated in a fitting mode, and the rotating speed of the fan is directly used as a control object; a PID controller conforming to the system is designed, a proper system parameter is calculated by using an engineering PID setting method, the air speed is controlled by the blower frequency of the control system, and the accuracy and stability of the measurement and control of the system air speed are greatly improved. The system is simple to implement, has low system overhead, is suitable for effectively controlling controlled equipment by utilizing limited system resources of industrial control processors such as PLC and the like, and has strong transportability and stability.

Description

Novel intelligent clean air conditioner air speed control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air conditioner control method, in particular to an air conditioner wind speed control method.
Background
At present, the beverage industry, the medicine industry, the food industry and the health care product industry are developed vigorously, the demand on a clean air conditioner and a fresh air system is increased year by year, and the requirements on automation and intellectualization of the air conditioner are higher and higher. The air volume control utilization rate of the current clean air conditioner adopts three modes of air valve regulation, blade regulation and fan rotating speed regulation, wherein the rotating speed regulation mode which is most economical to operate and has the best noise index is adopted. The rotation speed regulation mainly depends on the air speed sensor of the main air pipe to collect the air supply speed, and the frequency of the main air supply machine is interlocked to control the rotation speed of the air supply machine so as to control the air speed. However, the wind speed is difficult to accurately measure due to the problems of the fresh air temperature of the system, the installation position and the accuracy of blades of a fan and a wind speed sensor, the background noise interference of the system and the like, and the amplitude and the disturbance of a wind speed measurement value are large. Excessive wind speed disturbance can cause the frequency of the interlocking main blower to be unstable, and the air differential pressure measurement value of each room in the system fluctuates.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel intelligent clean air conditioner air speed control method which can accurately measure the air output of a control system and control a fan by utilizing the calculated air speed parameter.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention discloses a novel intelligent clean air conditioner air speed control method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the air conditioning system comprises a preheating section, a middle section and an air supply section, wherein the preheating section is provided with a preheating section differential pressure switch, the middle section is provided with a middle section differential pressure switch, the air supply section is provided with an air supply section differential pressure switch, an inlet of the air conditioning system is provided with a fresh air valve, an outlet of the air conditioning system is provided with an air supply speed changer, and an air supply fan is arranged in the middle section;
after the air conditioning system is started, a fresh air supply valve V1 is opened, an air supply speed transmission ST1 starts to measure the air supply speed, an air supply fan M1 is started, the operation frequency of the air supply fan is adjusted according to the action of the air speed, a preheating section differential pressure switch PDS1, a middle section differential pressure switch PDS2 and an air supply section differential pressure switch PDS3 detect the differential pressure of an air supply section, and differential pressure early warning protection is started;
the air supply speed transmitter ST1 collects the air speed of an air supply section, a 32-order unequal weight sliding filter is used for carrying out time domain filtering processing on the air supply speed of the air conditioning system, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003724823150000021
ST (n) is a system wind speed calculated value after the filtering processing at the moment n;
a (n-k) is a filtering weight coefficient, and the following condition is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003724823150000022
the specific correspondence is as follows:
k A(n-k) k A(n-k) k A(n-k) k A(n-k)
1 3 9 1.1 17 0.9 25 0.65
2 2 10 1.1 18 0.9 26 0.65
3 2 11 1 19 0.8 27 0.5
4 1.5 12 1 20 0.8 28 0.5
5 1.5 13 1 21 0.75 29 0.4
6 1.5 14 1 22 0.75 30 0.4
7 1.25 15 0.9 23 0.7 31 0.3
8 1.25 16 0.9 24 0.7 32 0.3
st (n-k) is the real-time measured wind speed at the previous n-k moment;
and fitting the wind speed curve of the air supply fan by using a least square method after filtering, and calculating the wind speed and the rotating speed of the air supply fan: in a straight pipeline, the wind speed is in direct proportion to the primary power of the rotating speed of the air supply motor, if the wind speed is y and the rotating speed of the motor is x, the relation of y = F (x) is approximately y = kx + b, k and b are undetermined coefficients, and if the air supply motor reaches the maximum rotating speed a when the PWM power of the variable frequency motor is 100 percent, the air supply motor is assumed to reach the maximum rotating speed a max Respectively setting the rotation speed value of the motor to
Figure BDA0003724823150000023
Respectively recording corresponding wind speed values Sn = [ Sn ] after the wind speed measurement value reaches a stable state 1 ，Sn 2 ，…，Sn 4 ，Sn n ]And the time Tn consumed = [ Tn = 1 ，Tn 2 ，…，Tn 4 ，Tn n ]Calculated by using least square method
Figure BDA0003724823150000024
Thereby obtaining y = F (x) of a linear fitting relation as a calculation formula of the relation between the fan rotating speed and the wind speed;
after the relation between the wind speed and the rotating speed is obtained, calculating the rotating speed observed value of the motor through the wind speed measured value, and calculating the rotating speed set value of the motor through the set value of the wind speed; the discrete PID algorithm is adopted to control the rotating speed of the motor:
wherein the output is
Figure BDA0003724823150000025
Kp is a proportional regulating coefficient, ki is an integral regulating coefficient, and Kd is a differential regulating coefficient.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. performing parameter setting on the air conditioning system by adopting an engineering PID setting method:
firstly, setting a proportional adjustment coefficient Kp, setting a target rotating speed to be 65% of the maximum rotating speed, setting Kp =1, ki =0 and Kd =0, gradually increasing Kp, observing the change of the wind speed until the wind speed starts to oscillate, recording the current Kp value, and taking the current Kp value multiplied by an empirical coefficient 0.65 as a proportional adjustment coefficient setting result;
setting an integral regulating coefficient Ki, setting a target rotating speed to be 65% of the maximum rotating speed, taking the calculated proportional regulating coefficient setting result as a Kp value, setting Ki =10 and Kd =0, gradually reducing Ki, observing the change of the wind speed until the vibration starts, then gradually increasing Ki, observing the change of the wind speed until the vibration, recording the current Ki value, and taking the current Ki value multiplied by 1.5 as the integral regulating coefficient setting result;
and finally, setting a differential regulation coefficient Kd, setting a target rotating speed to be 65% of the maximum rotating speed, setting the calculated proportional regulation coefficient setting result as a Kp value, setting the calculated integral regulation coefficient setting result as a Ki value, setting Kd =0.5, gradually increasing Kd, observing the change of the wind speed until the wind speed starts to oscillate, recording the current Kd value, and multiplying the current Kd value by 0.3 to be used as the differential regulation coefficient setting result.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the system air supply wind speed sensor is arranged on an air supply pipeline, and the wind speed is filtered by utilizing 32-order unequal weight time domain filtering;
2. fitting a linear relation between the rotating speed of the variable frequency fan and the air supply speed by using a least square method, calculating the rotating speed of the fan at the current air speed in real time, and setting the calculated rotating speed of the variable frequency fan at the set air speed;
3. the rotating speed control of the variable frequency fan uses a PID controller which accords with the system characteristics, and the specific control parameters are calculated by using engineering setting PID;
4. the system has the advantages of stable operation, accurate control of wind speed, small jitter, environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a clean air conditioning system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the control of the 32-order unequal weight sliding filter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a PID controller architecture;
fig. 4 is a PID adjustment flow chart.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings:
with reference to fig. 1-4, the main actuators and measurement devices of the system are as follows:
a PDS1 preheating section differential pressure switch, a PDS2 middle section differential pressure switch, a PDS3 air supply section differential pressure switch, an ST1 air supply air speed transmitter, a V1 fresh air valve and an M1 air supply fan;
after the air conditioning system is started, the fresh air supply valve V1 is automatically opened, the air supply speed is measured by ST1, the operation frequency of the air supply fan is adjusted by starting the M1 variable frequency fan according to the action of the air speed, the PDS1, PDS2 and PDS3 air pressure switches detect the differential pressure of an air supply section, and differential pressure early warning protection is started.
The air supply speed transmitter ST1 collects the air speed of an air supply section, a 32-order unequal weight sliding filter is used in an algorithm, time domain filtering processing is carried out on the air supply speed of the system, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003724823150000041
ST (n) is a system wind speed calculated value after the filtering processing at the moment n;
a (n-k) is a filtering weight coefficient, and the following condition is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003724823150000042
specific values are shown in fig. 2;
st (n-k) is the real-time measured wind speed at the previous n-k moment;
the closer the system is in time to time n, the higher the weight coefficient will be, and the farther away the system is in time n, the lower the weight coefficient will be. Therefore, the filter can quickly respond to the change of the wind speed on the aspect of sensitivity, and meanwhile, unequal weight weighting can be carried out on the wind speeds of the past 32 sampling times, and white noise interference and sudden disturbance interference of the system are eliminated as much as possible. Meanwhile, a 32-bit first-in first-out stack is designed in the system, the second pulse is used as sampling frequency in the system, the wind speed is sampled, and the filtered wind speed is calculated in real time according to the corresponding weight coefficient of the graph 2. A specific program logic block diagram is shown in fig. 3.
And fitting the wind speed curve of the fan after filtering by using a least square method, and calculating the wind speed and the rotating speed of the fan, wherein the specific implementation method comprises the following steps: it is known that in a straight duct, the wind speed is proportional to the first power of the motor speed. Assuming that the wind speed is y and the motor speed is x, the relationship y = F (x) is approximately y = kx + b (k, b is a waiting coefficient). Suppose that the motor reaches the maximum rotating speed a when the PWM power of the variable frequency motor is 100 percent max . Respectively set the rotating speed value of the motor as
Figure BDA0003724823150000043
Respectively recording corresponding wind speed values Sn = [ Sn ] after the wind speed measurement value reaches a stable state 1 ，Sn 2 ，…，Sn 4 ，Sn n ]And the time Tn consumed = [ Tn = 1 ，Tn 2 ，…，Tn 4 ，Tn n ]. At this time, the method can be calculated by using a least square method
Figure BDA0003724823150000044
And obtaining y = F (x) of a linear fitting relation as a calculation formula of the relation between the fan rotating speed and the wind speed.
After the relation between the wind speed and the rotating speed is obtained, the rotating speed observed value of the motor can be calculated through the wind speed measured value, and the rotating speed set value of the motor is calculated through the set value of the wind speed. The scheme adopts a discrete PID algorithm to control the rotating speed of the motor, and the structure of the controller is shown in figure 4.
Wherein the output is
Figure BDA0003724823150000051
Kp is proportional adjustment coefficient
Ki is integral regulating coefficient
Kd is the differential regulation coefficient
Because the disturbance parameters of the wind speed control system are more and the difference of the performances under different working conditions is large, the system is subjected to parameter setting by adopting a engineering PID (proportion integration differentiation) setting method, and a specific operation logic block diagram is shown in FIG. 4.
Firstly, a proportional control coefficient Kp is set, a target rotating speed is set to be 65% of the maximum rotating speed, kp =1, ki =0 and Kd =0 (namely only proportional control), kp is gradually increased (0.3 is increased every time), the change of the wind speed is observed until oscillation starts, the current Kp value is recorded, and the current Kp value is multiplied by an empirical coefficient 0.65 to serve as a proportional control coefficient setting result.
Next, the integral adjustment coefficient Ki is set, the target rotation speed is set to 65% of the maximum rotation speed, the calculated proportional adjustment coefficient setting result is used as a Kp value, ki =10 and kd =0 are set, ki is gradually decreased (by 0.2 each time), the wind speed change is observed until the wind speed starts oscillating, ki is gradually increased (by 0.1 each time), the wind speed change is observed again until the wind speed oscillates, the current Ki value is recorded, and the current Ki value is multiplied by 1.5 to be used as the integral adjustment coefficient setting result.
And finally, setting a differential regulation coefficient Kd, setting the target rotation speed to be 65% of the maximum rotation speed, setting the calculated proportional regulation coefficient setting result as a Kp value, setting the calculated integral regulation coefficient setting result as a Ki value, setting Kd =0.5, gradually increasing Kd (0.5 is increased each time), observing the change of the wind speed until the wind speed starts to oscillate, recording the current Kd value, and multiplying the current Kd value by 0.3 to be used as the differential regulation coefficient setting result.
The working principle and the function of the invention are as follows:
1. a wind speed sensor is adopted for measuring the wind speed of a traditional clean air conditioner, the wind speed sensor is arranged on a main air supply duct, the wind speed of a straight pipe section of the air supply duct is measured, the frequency of a variable-frequency air supply fan is interlocked through the measured wind speed, and the air supply quantity of a system is controlled;
2. the system has large deviation disturbance of the air supply volume and influences the control of the variable frequency fan, and adopts an unequal weight time domain filtering method to filter the air supply speed, thereby eliminating the influence of factors such as fresh air temperature, blades of the fan, the installation position and precision of an air speed sensor, background noise interference of the system and the like on measurement and ensuring that the air pressure of each room is controlled within a reasonable range;
3. and fitting the relation between the rotating speed of the variable frequency fan and the air supply speed by using a least square method, and calculating the rotating speed of the variable frequency fan which needs to be controlled currently by taking the current filtered air speed as an observed value.
4. And the variable frequency fan is adjusted by using a PID (proportion integration differentiation) engineering adjusting method, and PID parameters required to be set by the current fan are calculated and stored for use.

Claims (2)

1. A novel intelligent clean air conditioner air speed control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the air conditioning system comprises a preheating section, a middle section and an air supply section, wherein the preheating section is provided with a preheating section differential pressure switch, the middle section is provided with a middle section differential pressure switch, the air supply section is provided with an air supply section differential pressure switch, an inlet of the air conditioning system is provided with a fresh air valve, an outlet of the air conditioning system is provided with an air supply speed changer, and an air supply fan is arranged in the middle section;
after the air conditioning system is started, a fresh air supply valve is opened, an air supply speed transmission starts to measure the air supply speed, an air supply fan is started, the operation frequency of the air supply fan is adjusted according to the action of the air speed, a preheating section differential pressure switch, a middle section differential pressure switch and an air supply section differential pressure switch detect the differential pressure of an air supply section, and differential pressure early warning protection is started;
the air supply speed transmitter collects the air speed of an air supply section, a 32-order unequal weight sliding filter is used for carrying out time domain filtering processing on the air supply speed of the air conditioning system, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003724823140000011
ST (n) is a system wind speed calculated value after the filtering processing at the moment n;
a (n-k) is a filtering weight coefficient, and the following condition is satisfied:
Figure FDA0003724823140000012
the specific correspondence is as follows:
k A(n-k) k A(n-k) k A(n-k) k A(n-k) 1 3 9 1.1 17 0.9 25 0.65 2 2 10 1.1 18 0.9 26 0.65 3 2 11 1 19 0.8 27 0.5 4 1.5 12 1 20 0.8 28 0.5 5 1.5 13 1 21 0.75 29 0.4 6 1.5 14 1 22 0.75 30 0.4 7 1.25 15 0.9 23 0.7 31 0.3 8 1.25 16 0.9 24 0.7 32 0.3
st (n-k) is the real-time measured wind speed at the previous n-k moment;
and fitting the wind speed curve of the air supply fan by using a least square method after filtering, and calculating the wind speed and the rotating speed of the air supply fan: in a straight pipeline, the wind speed is in direct proportion to the primary power of the rotating speed of the air supply motor, if the wind speed is y and the rotating speed of the motor is x, the relation of y = F (x) is approximately y = kx + b, k and b are undetermined coefficients, and if the air supply motor reaches the maximum rotating speed a when the PWM power of the variable frequency motor is 100 percent, the air supply motor is assumed to reach the maximum rotating speed a max Respectively setting the rotation speed value of the motor to
Figure FDA0003724823140000021
After the wind speed measurement value reaches a stable state, respectively recording corresponding wind speed values Sn = [ Sn ] 1 ，Sn 2 ，…，Sn 4 ，Sn n ]And the time Tn consumed = [ Tn = 1 ，Tn 2 ，…，Tn 4 ，Tn n ]Calculated by least square method
Figure FDA0003724823140000022
Thereby obtaining y = F (x) of linear fitting relation as the relation between the fan rotating speed and the wind speedA calculation formula of the system;
after the relation between the wind speed and the rotating speed is obtained, calculating the rotating speed observed value of the motor through the wind speed measured value, and calculating the rotating speed set value of the motor through the set value of the wind speed; and controlling the rotating speed of the motor by adopting a discrete PID algorithm:
wherein the output is
Figure FDA0003724823140000023
Kp is a proportional regulation coefficient, ki is an integral regulation coefficient, and Kd is a differential regulation coefficient.
2. The method for controlling the wind speed of the novel intelligent clean air conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing parameter setting on the air conditioning system by adopting an engineering PID setting method:
firstly, setting a proportional control coefficient Kp, setting a target rotating speed to be 65% of the maximum rotating speed, setting Kp =1, ki =0 and Kd =0, gradually increasing Kp, observing the change of the wind speed until oscillation starts, recording the current Kp value, and taking the current Kp value multiplied by an empirical coefficient 0.65 as a proportional control coefficient setting result;
setting an integral regulating coefficient Ki, setting a target rotating speed to be 65% of the maximum rotating speed, taking the calculated proportional regulating coefficient setting result as a Kp value, setting Ki =10 and Kd =0, gradually reducing Ki, observing the wind speed change until the wind speed change starts to oscillate, then gradually increasing Ki, observing the wind speed change again until the wind speed change starts to oscillate, recording the current Ki value, and taking the current Ki value multiplied by 1.5 as the integral regulating coefficient setting result;
and finally, setting a differential regulation coefficient Kd, setting a target rotating speed to be 65% of the maximum rotating speed, setting the calculated proportional regulation coefficient setting result as a Kp value, setting the calculated integral regulation coefficient setting result as a Ki value, setting Kd =0.5, gradually increasing Kd, observing the change of the wind speed until the wind speed starts to oscillate, recording the current Kd value, and multiplying the current Kd value by 0.3 to be used as the differential regulation coefficient setting result.
CN202210763694.9A 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Novel intelligent clean air conditioner air speed control method Pending CN115371234A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210763694.9A CN115371234A (en) 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Novel intelligent clean air conditioner air speed control method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210763694.9A CN115371234A (en) 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Novel intelligent clean air conditioner air speed control method

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