CN111911351B - Fan homogenization wind speed prediction method and control method for flexible tower fan - Google Patents
Fan homogenization wind speed prediction method and control method for flexible tower fan Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/82—Forecasts
- F05B2260/821—Parameter estimation or prediction
- F05B2260/8211—Parameter estimation or prediction of the weather
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
A method for predicting the homogenized wind speed of a fan and a control method for a flexible tower fan are disclosed, wherein the method for predicting the homogenized wind speed is based on a calculation method of the homogenized wind speed of an aerodynamic function of the fan, and the homogenized wind speed is corrected and compensated to obtain a predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed, so that the solving process is simplified. The homogenized wind speed prediction result is used for controlling the flexible tower fan, and the control input quantity of the flexible tower vibration region crossing is used for the prediction conclusion of the homogenized wind speed prediction result through calculation of a homogenized wind speed prediction algorithm, so that the crossing algorithm accurately judges whether the crossing condition is reached, the crossing times are reduced, the crossing necessity is improved, and the generating capacity and the safety of a unit are further improved. The invention provides a method for calculating the homogenized wind speed of a specified machine type, namely calculating the homogenized wind speed by utilizing various measuring signals and state information of a fan through algorithm, and providing a value effect of the homogenized wind speed in fan control. And the method ensures that the high tower control and the high wind load shedding control become simple and accurate by solving the homogenized wind speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a method for predicting the homogenized wind speed of a fan and a method for controlling a flexible tower fan.
Background
After the wind power generation is subjected to high-speed development in China, as the development of the wind power generation is shifted to a low wind speed area, the increase of the tower height to improve the power generation efficiency has become a clear trend. At present, three technical routes are mainly adopted for the high tower in the global scope, namely an all-steel flexible tower, a concrete-steel mixed tower and an all-concrete tower.
The frequency of the tower is higher than the impeller 1P (1 st order frequency is called 1P,3 rd order frequency is called 3P) and is a traditional tower, and the following is a flexible tower. The tower height is increased, the utilization hours of the wind turbine generator can be improved, but after the traditional tower is higher than 100 meters, the weight is exponentially increased, the cost is greatly increased, the weight of the all-steel flexible tower is much lighter, and because the flexible tower frequency is lower than the rated rotating speed frequency of the impeller, the natural frequency of the tower has an intersection point with 1P of the rotating speed of the wind wheel before the impeller reaches the rated rotating speed, vortex-induced resonance is easy to occur, the flexible tower control strategy is a coping control strategy matched with the increase of the tower height, and the flexible tower control strategy has an irreplaceable effect in the aspects of increasing the generating capacity of a fan, reducing the steel consumption of the tower and reducing the electricity cost.
The key strategy in the soft tower control strategy is a resonance region crossing strategy, and the key of success of the crossing strategy is to reliably judge crossing conditions, namely the energy of wind energy absorbed by the wind wheel at present can be accurately judged. Thus, the prediction of the homogenized wind speed is a key demand technique for soft tower ride through control.
At present, the judgment of the crossing condition of the resonance area of the flexible tower fan is generally carried out by using the wind wheel rotating speed and the current power, and the wind wheel rotating speed and the current power are reflected by the effective value of the wind speed in the wind wheel plane under the condition that the fan runs along a set power curve, but the running state of the fan is difficult to be always kept on a designed power curve, so that the fact that the wind wheel rotating speed and the current power cannot truly reflect the homogenized wind speed is caused.
The wind speed measured by the wind speed and direction indicator at present is interfered by factors such as wake flow, wind wheel gear avoidance and the like, and has measurement deviation; more important anemometers only measure wind speed at the installation site and do not represent wind speed in the entire wind wheel plane. The laser wind measurement in the prior art can be used for measuring the wind speed in front of the wind wheel in advance, can be used for feedforward control of a fan and the like, but is different from the method for homogenizing the effective wind speed, the laser wind measurement is used for measuring the wind speed at a single point, can be used for the prejudgment of macroscopic power change in fan control, and meanwhile, the laser wind measurement equipment is high in price. Short-term wind speed prediction represented by wind speed Kalman filtering is performed, the prediction target pursues the coincidence degree with the single-point wind speed, and the prediction target can only be used as a macroscopic directional reference for the state jump of a fan in fan control and cannot be used for input parameters such as fan power control.
The method for judging the tower vibration area crossing control by utilizing the rotating speed of the wind wheel and the current power can only statically reflect and homogenize the wind speed value on a design curve, and for a dynamically operated fan, the average effective value of the wind speed in the wind wheel plane is difficult to reflect in real time. When the vibration area is traversed by using the input, excessive power generation loss can be caused by the error judgment of the traversing condition; meanwhile, the phenomenon that the unit frequently passes through the vibration area is brought, so that the vibration of the unit is increased, the fatigue load life of the whole machine is influenced, and the fan is failed or even is accident caused by serious people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problem of accurately estimating the average effective wind speed in a wind wheel plane, and provides a method for predicting the homogenized wind speed of a fan and a method for controlling a flexible tower fan.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for predicting a homogenized wind speed of a fan, including the steps of:
preprocessing the measured wind speed, and calculating a predicted homogenized wind speed steady state value;
calculating the variation of the homogenized wind speed under the current power according to the variation rate of the wind wheel acceleration and the wind wheel acceleration value, and carrying out fuzzy PI control on the variation of the homogenized wind speed according to the variation of the homogenized wind speed so as to obtain a predicted homogenized wind speed compensation value;
taking the sum of the estimated homogenized wind speed steady state value and the compensation value as a homogenized wind speed predicted output value;
and carrying out amplitude limiting and alarm monitoring on the homogenized wind speed predicted output value, outputting the corresponding upper limit or lower limit of the amplitude limiting value as the homogenized wind speed predicted output value when the homogenized wind speed predicted output value exceeds the upper limit and the lower limit of the amplitude limiting value by a certain range, and sending an amplitude limiting alarm signal.
Further, the preprocessing of the measured wind speed includes:
the collected wind speed is subjected to first-order filtering, and the transfer function of the filter is thatWhere τ is the filter time constant in seconds;s is the Laplace operator;
and (3) carrying out wind wheel rotation interference compensation on the wind wheel rotation speed, wherein a compensation algorithm is a nonlinear function of the wind wheel rotation speed, and the estimated measured wind speed V is obtained by combining the collected wind speed after the first-order filtering.
Further, the estimated homogenized wind speed steady state value V jun Obtained by the following formula:
wherein P is rot The wind energy is absorbed by the wind wheel, ρ is air density, r is the wind wheel sweep radius, C p The wind energy utilization coefficient is a function of wind speed V, wind wheel rotating speed lambda and pitch angle beta.
Further, the method calculates the variation of the homogenized wind speed under the current power according to the variation rate of the wind wheel acceleration and the wind wheel acceleration value, and calculates the variation of the homogenized wind speed under the current power according to the following formula:
wherein DeltaT 1 For the change rate of the acceleration of the wind wheel, J 1 Is the inertia of the wind wheel, a 1 Is the wind wheel acceleration value.
Further, the fuzzy PI control of the homogenized wind speed variation according to the homogenized wind speed variation comprises:
detecting the acceleration value of the wind wheel, and calculating the basis of an input variable;
calculating partial derivatives of wind wheel torque on the variation of the homogenized wind speed under the current pitch angle to form a partial derivative data table of the variation of the torque on the homogenized wind speed under different pitch angles, and obtaining a proper delta T of the current working condition by looking up a table according to input conditions by a computer 1 Calculating the input quantity of the controller;
formulating a control fuzzy control strategy, carrying out fuzzy division on the input quantity Deltav and the change rate of Deltav according to the current dynamic pitch angle and the generated power information, determining a domain interval of the input quantity of the fuzzy controller, and accurately outputting Kp and Ki coefficients;
and PI adjusting is carried out on the input quantity by using fuzzy Kp and Ki control values, so that the homogenized wind speed prediction compensation value is obtained.
Further, when the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed exceeds a certain range of the upper limit value and the lower limit value, the method comprises the following steps: out of the range [ lower limit of-3 m/s, upper limit of +3m/s ].
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method of fan homogenized wind speed prediction for flexible tower fan control, comprising the steps of:
the fan is connected with the grid;
the lower and upper limits of the rotation speed of the generator at the cross region of the blower are respectively W1 and W2, and the corresponding homogenization wind speeds are respectively V w1 And V w2
The rotation speed target value W1 and the power target value W2, and after the torque control command is greater than the target value at the position W1, constant rotation speed control is carried out; the power reaches the variable pitch starting at the W2 position;
calculating a predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed according to the method;
setting an upper threading timer A: when the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is greater than V w2 Starting the timing logic of the timer A; when the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is less than V w1 Resetting the timer; timing time to go up to start logic; the upper penetration completion timing zero clearing waits for the lower penetration completion restarting starting logic;
setting a lower limit W2 of a rotating speed target value; the power target value is not set with a lower limit and the upper limit is rated power; after the torque control command is smaller than the target value at the W1 position, constant rotation speed control is performed; the upper limit of the power target value is rated torque;
setting a pull-down timer B: the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is less than V w1 Starting a timer; the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is greater than V w2 Resetting the timer; the timing time is up to the beginning of wearing down; when the pitch is 0, the timing time when the power is less than 200Kw is forcedly reached;
returning to the step of pitch start.
In summary, the invention provides a method for predicting the homogenized wind speed of a fan and a method for controlling a flexible tower fan, wherein the method for predicting the homogenized wind speed is based on a calculation method of the homogenized wind speed of an aerodynamic function of the fan, and corrects and compensates the homogenized wind speed to obtain a predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed, thereby simplifying the solving process. The homogenized wind speed prediction result is used for controlling the flexible tower fan, and the control input quantity of the flexible tower vibration region crossing is used for the prediction conclusion of the homogenized wind speed prediction result through calculation of a homogenized wind speed prediction algorithm, so that the crossing algorithm accurately judges whether the crossing condition is reached, the crossing times are reduced, the crossing necessity is improved, and the generating capacity and the safety of a unit are further improved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention provides a homogenized wind speed concept of a specific model, namely equivalent average wind speed which can be converted into effective mechanical energy by a fan wind wheel on the whole wind wheel plane of a specified fan model. The wind speed is different from the measured wind speed of any single-point measuring equipment, and the same ambient wind speed can be different from the homogenized wind speed of different machine types. The homogenized wind speed prediction emphasizes the practicality of optimization for a fan controller without pursuing coincidence with a certain anemometry measurement.
2. The invention provides a method for calculating the homogenized wind speed of a specified machine type, namely calculating the homogenized wind speed by utilizing various measuring signals and state information of a fan through algorithm, and providing a value effect of the homogenized wind speed in fan control. And the method ensures that the high tower control and the high wind load shedding control become simple and accurate by solving the homogenized wind speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of predicting a homogenized wind speed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of power loss versus motor power for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of wind energy utilization coefficient as a function of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of steady state estimated homogenized wind speed calculation according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the rate of change of wind speed versus torque for an optimal power generation process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a homogenized wind speed dynamic compensation control in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a homogenized wind speed output limit process flow in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling the crossing of a vibration region of a high tower by applying the homogenized wind speed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a control process for a blower.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
The first aspect of the invention provides a fan homogenized wind speed prediction method, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
step S100, pre-processing the measured wind speed, and calculating an estimated homogenized wind speed steady state value.
The mechanical power transmitted to the transmission shaft by the absorption power of the wind wheel of the fan has the following functional relation with the wind energy utilization coefficient, and the estimated average wind speed steady state value V jun Obtained by the following formula:
p in 1 rot The shaft power for absorbing wind energy for the wind wheel can be obtained by measuring at any moment, namely the real-time power P of the fan jen Plus mechanical and electrical losses P 1 ，P 1 The calculation of (1) is obtained by using a planning experience curve, and is shown in fig. 2 as a model 116 power loss experience curve. The air density ρ can be measured by a density sensor. r is the radius of the wind sweep surface. At this time, the current homogenization wind speed V is required jun Only the current wind energy utilization coefficient C is required p 。
C p The wind energy utilization coefficient is wind speed V,A function of rotor speed λ and pitch angle β. After the fan profile data is determined, the functional relationship is determined. Wherein C is p Of the three variables of the function, the rotational speed and pitch angle of the wind wheel can be accurately measured at any time. The wind speed variable can be measured by the anemoscope as well, but unlike the above 2 variables, the measured value thereof represents only the wind speed where the anemoscope is installed. From this, it can be seen that C is relatively accurate p The measured wind speed cannot be calculated through measurement, but proper data preprocessing can be carried out on the measured wind speed, so that the steady-state estimated homogenized wind speed with reference significance is obtained.
For convenience of description, the following data are all described by taking the fan related data of the sample model 116 as an example, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the sample model. Model C available for this by blade aerodynamic computation p The data relating to tip speed ratio (i.e. wind speed), rotor speed and pitch angle are shown in fig. 3. From the functional relationship diagram of FIG. 3, a trend accurate wind energy utilization coefficient C can be estimated by reasonably processing the measured wind speed p The trend value of the homogenized wind speed can be calculated by utilizing the wind energy utilization coefficient, and the trend value is used as a predicted steady-state value of the homogenized wind speed.
The process of preprocessing the measured wind speed includes, as shown in fig. 4:
the collected wind speed is subjected to first-order filtering, and the transfer function of the filter is thatWhere τ is the filter time constant in seconds and s is the Laplacian; the filter time constant is determined according to the aerodynamic characteristics and inertial characteristics of the wind wheel to match the application model, and the filter time constant is determined to be 12s in this example.
The wind wheel rotation interference compensation is carried out on the wind wheel rotation speed, the compensation algorithm is a nonlinear function of the wind wheel rotation speed, the nonlinear function can be expressed as a piecewise function form of a wind wheel rotation speed and a wind speed compensation value, and the nonlinear function is a multi-section curve, different blade curves are different, and the nonlinear function is obtained through actual measurement. And combining the collected wind speeds after the first-order filtering (specifically, combining the wind speed compensation value and the first-order filtering wind speed measured value, namely, adding) to obtain the estimated measured wind speed V. Substituting it into equation 1 to calculate the estimated homogenized wind speed steady state value.
And step S200, calculating the variation of the homogenized wind speed under the current power according to the variation rate of the wind wheel acceleration and the wind wheel acceleration value, and carrying out fuzzy PI control on the variation of the homogenized wind speed according to the variation of the homogenized wind speed so as to obtain a predicted homogenized wind speed compensation value. I.e. a dynamic correction control flow for estimating the steady state value of the homogenized wind speed.
The real-time wind speed is dynamically changed at any time, the state of the fan cannot keep up with the change of the environmental wind due to the delay action of the wind wheel, and the tip speed ratio has a certain deviation when the steady-state estimated wind speed is obtained. Thus, dynamic adjustment of the steady state estimated homogenized wind speed is necessary. The steady state estimated homogenized wind speed exists as a reference datum in the dynamic adjustment. The reference basis for dynamic adjustment is the acceleration change of the wind wheel and the given change of the torque. Since the imbalance of aerodynamic torque is firstly manifested as a change in acceleration of the rotor and secondly as a following change in control torque.
The fan is in a dynamic fluctuation process surrounding a stable running state, at the moment, the rotating speed of the wind wheel fluctuates near a balance point, and when the dynamic fluctuation of the tip speed ratio is ignored, the change of the homogenized wind speed brings about that the wind wheel has a certain acceleration value. The unit change of the homogenized wind speed under the optimal power generation leads to the change rate delta T of the acceleration of the wind wheel 1 As shown in fig. 5. Taking into account the inertia J of the rotor 1 If the value of the wind wheel acceleration is 23187910Kgm2, the wind wheel acceleration value a is detected 1 Then, the variation of the homogenized wind speed at the current power is obtained as follows:
as can be seen from FIG. 5, the unit variation of the homogenized wind speed causes the wind wheel acceleration variation rate to have different data at different power values at 0 pitch angle, and more complex, various curves are presented at other than 0 pitch angle. A steady-state homogenization wind speed compensation control algorithm based on wind wheel acceleration change is designed. The design is based on PI control, where the control parameters of PI control should not be fixed values, a value that varies dynamically according to the current pitch angle and power is required. At this time, a fuzzy PI control parameter acquirer is required. The fuzzy rule design of the solver is designed based on a plurality of wind speed-to-torque change rate curves as exemplified in fig. 5.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1. detecting the acceleration value of the wind wheel, and calculating the basis of an input variable;
2. calculating partial derivatives of wind wheel torque on the variation of the homogenized wind speed under the current pitch angle to form a partial derivative data table of torque variation on the homogenized wind speed under different pitch angles as exemplified in fig. 5, and obtaining a proper delta T of the current working condition by looking up a table according to input conditions by a computer 1 Calculating the input quantity of the controller;
3. and (3) formulating a control fuzzy control strategy, carrying out fuzzy division on the input quantity delta v and the change rate of the delta v according to the current dynamic pitch angle and the generated power information, determining a domain interval of the input quantity of the fuzzy controller, and accurately outputting Kp and Ki coefficients. Specifically, the fuzzy control process divides the input quantity into 7 fuzzy domains: positive big, median, positive small, median, negative small, negative median, negative big, and 49 kinds of fuzzy rule combinations. Corresponding to 49 expert system rules, corresponding Kp and Ki values are respectively and accurately output. (after this number of rules is determined, the fuzzy control procedure is a well-known process, and the fuzzy control framework logic is also well-known). The specific rule is formed by the processes of knowledge experience and multiple experimental data choosing and rejecting, rule logic is suitable in the sample fan, and logic is required to be modified when other unit models are replaced.
4. And performing PI adjustment on the input quantity by using the fuzzy Kp and Ki control value to obtain the homogenized wind speed prediction compensation value.
And step S300, taking the sum of the estimated homogenized wind speed steady state value and the compensation value as a homogenized wind speed predicted output value. Considering the state error output of the fan, the prediction homogenization wind speed needs to be provided with a limiting and error reporting mechanism, namely limiting and alarm processing are carried out when the difference between the prediction homogenization wind speed and the measured wind speed is overlarge.
And S400, limiting amplitude and warning monitoring are carried out on the homogenized wind speed predicted output value, when the homogenized wind speed predicted output value exceeds a certain range (specifically, exceeds a range of [ lower limit value-3 m/S, upper limit value +3m/S ]) outside the upper limit and lower limit of the amplitude limiting value, the corresponding upper limit or lower limit of the amplitude limiting value is used as the homogenized wind speed predicted output value to be output, and an amplitude limiting warning signal is sent. The flow chart is shown in fig. 7.
A second aspect of the invention provides a method of fan homogenisation wind speed prediction for flexible tower fan control, i.e. for use in high tower ride through vibration zone control.
Firstly, the application of the homogenized wind speed to the high tower vibration region crossing is only one of important application of the homogenized wind speed in fan control, the accurate prediction of the homogenized wind speed can be also used for optimizing and improving various fan control algorithms such as wind array control, minimum pitch angle control, fan tower thrust reduction control and the like, and the flexible tower vibration region crossing is only one of the application scene examples of establishing the homogenized wind speed prediction algorithm in the patent.
The lower limit and the upper limit of the rotating speed of the generator for recording the passing-through region of the fan are respectively W1 and W2, namely the generator cannot stay for a long time between the running regions W1 and W2 of the fan, and the region is a region where the vibration mode of the tower and the rotating frequency of the wind wheel coincide. Corresponding homogenization wind speeds are respectively V w1 And V w2 . The tower vibration zone crossing control logic is shown in fig. 8 and includes the steps of:
the fan is connected with the grid;
the lower and upper limits of the rotation speed of the generator at the cross region of the blower are respectively W1 and W2, and the corresponding homogenization wind speeds are respectively V w1 And V w2
The rotation speed target value W1 and the power target value W2, and after the torque control command is greater than the target value at the position W1, constant rotation speed control is carried out; the power reaches the variable pitch starting at the W2 position;
calculating a predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed according to the method;
setting an upper threading timer A: when the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is greater than V w2 Starting the timing logic of the timer A; when the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is less than V w1 Resetting the timer; when the time is up to wear openStarting logic; the upper penetration completion timing zero clearing waits for the lower penetration completion restarting starting logic;
setting a lower limit W2 of a rotating speed target value; the power target value is not provided with a lower limit, and the rated power is limited; after the torque control command is smaller than the target value at the W1 position, constant rotation speed control is performed; the upper limit of the power target value is rated torque;
setting a pull-down timer B: the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is less than V w1 Starting a timer; the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is greater than V w2 Resetting the timer; the timing time is up to the beginning of wearing down; when the pitch is 0, the timing time when the power is less than 200Kw is forcedly reached;
returning to the step of pitch start.
FIG. 9 is a control process of the fan for further explanation, as shown in FIG. 9, when the wind speed is increased to the region to be skipped, the skip control is performed, and the wind speed is greater than V w2 Starting timing when the wind speed is continuously greater than V w2 When the preset time is reached, timing is completed, and the fan is controlled to rapidly go up until the fan is completed to go up; continuously monitoring wind speed, wherein the wind speed is lower than V w1 Starting timing when the wind speed is continuously lower than V w1 And (5) when the preset time is reached, finishing timing, and controlling the fan to start to run down until the running-down is finished. And then enter a new pull-on condition cycle.
In summary, the invention provides a method for predicting the homogenized wind speed and a method for controlling a flexible tower fan, wherein the method for predicting the homogenized wind speed is based on a calculation method of the homogenized wind speed of a fan aerodynamic function, and corrects and compensates the homogenized wind speed to obtain a predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed, thereby simplifying the solving process. The homogenized wind speed prediction result is used for controlling the flexible tower fan, and the control input quantity of the flexible tower vibration region crossing is used for the prediction conclusion of the homogenized wind speed prediction result through calculation of a homogenized wind speed prediction algorithm, so that the crossing algorithm accurately judges whether the crossing condition is reached, the crossing times are reduced, the crossing necessity is improved, and the generating capacity and the safety of a unit are further improved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention provides a homogenized wind speed concept of a specific model, namely equivalent average wind speed which can be converted into effective mechanical energy by a fan wind wheel on the whole wind wheel plane of a specified fan model. The wind speed is different from the measured wind speed of any single-point measuring equipment, and the same ambient wind speed can be different from the homogenized wind speed of different machine types. The homogenized wind speed prediction emphasizes the practicality of optimization for a fan controller without pursuing coincidence with a certain anemometry measurement.
2. The invention provides a method for calculating the homogenized wind speed of a specified machine type, namely calculating the homogenized wind speed by utilizing various measuring signals and state information of a fan through algorithm, and providing a value effect of the homogenized wind speed in fan control. And the method ensures that the high tower control and the high wind load shedding control become simple and accurate by solving the homogenized wind speed.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explanation of the principles of the present invention and are in no way limiting of the invention. Accordingly, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or equivalents of such scope and boundary.
Claims (4)
1. The method for predicting the homogenized wind speed of the fan is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preprocessing the measured wind speed, and calculating a predicted homogenized wind speed steady state value;
calculating the variation of the homogenized wind speed under the current power according to the variation rate of the wind wheel acceleration and the wind wheel acceleration value, and carrying out fuzzy PI control on the variation of the homogenized wind speed according to the variation of the homogenized wind speed so as to obtain a predicted homogenized wind speed compensation value;
taking the sum of the estimated homogenized wind speed steady state value and the compensation value as a homogenized wind speed predicted output value;
limiting amplitude and warning monitoring are carried out on the homogenized wind speed predicted output value, when the homogenized wind speed predicted output value exceeds a certain range of the upper limit and the lower limit of the amplitude limiting value, the corresponding upper limit or lower limit of the amplitude limiting value is used as the homogenized wind speed predicted output value to be output, and an amplitude limiting warning signal is sent;
the preprocessing of the measured wind speed comprises:
the collected wind speed is subjected to first-order filtering, and the transfer function of the filter is thatWhere τ is the filter time constant in seconds; s is the Laplace operator;
performing wind wheel rotation interference compensation on the wind wheel rotation speed, wherein a compensation algorithm is a nonlinear function of the wind wheel rotation speed, and acquiring an estimated measured wind speed V by combining the collected wind speed after first-order filtering;
the estimated homogenized wind speed steady state value V jun Obtained by the following formula:
wherein P is rot The wind energy is absorbed by the wind wheel, ρ is air density, r is the wind wheel sweep radius, C p The wind energy utilization coefficient is a function of wind speed V, wind wheel rotating speed lambda and pitch angle beta;
the method comprises the following steps of calculating the change quantity of the homogenized wind speed under the current power according to the change rate of the wind wheel acceleration and the wind wheel acceleration value, wherein the calculation is carried out by the following formula:
wherein DeltaT 1 For the change rate of the acceleration of the wind wheel, J 1 Is the inertia of the wind wheel, a 1 Is the wind wheel acceleration value.
2. The method of predicting a wind speed of a wind turbine as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fuzzy PI control of the wind speed based on the variation of the wind speed comprises:
detecting the acceleration value of the wind wheel, and calculating the basis of an input variable;
calculating partial derivatives of wind wheel torque on the variation of the homogenized wind speed under the current pitch angle to form a partial derivative data table of the variation of the torque on the homogenized wind speed under different pitch angles, and obtaining a proper delta T of the current working condition by looking up a table according to input conditions by a computer 1 Calculating the input quantity of the controller;
formulating a control fuzzy control strategy, carrying out fuzzy division on the input quantity Deltav and the change rate of Deltav according to the current dynamic pitch angle and the generated power information, determining a domain interval of the input quantity of the fuzzy controller, and accurately outputting Kp and Ki coefficients;
and PI adjusting is carried out on the input quantity by using fuzzy Kp and Ki control values, so that the homogenized wind speed prediction compensation value is obtained.
3. The method of predicting a wind speed for a wind turbine according to claim 2, wherein said predicting an output value of the wind speed for the wind turbine beyond a range of upper and lower limits of the limiting value comprises: out of the range [ lower limit of-3 m/s, upper limit of +3m/s ].
4. A method for fan homogenized wind speed prediction for soft tower fan control, comprising the steps of:
the fan is connected with the grid;
the lower and upper limits of the rotation speed of the generator at the cross region of the blower are respectively W1 and W2, and the corresponding homogenization wind speeds are respectively V w1 And V w2
The rotation speed target value W1 and the power target value W2, and after the torque control command is greater than the target value at the position W1, constant rotation speed control is carried out; the power reaches the variable pitch starting at the W2 position;
a method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the calculation of the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is performed;
setting an upper threading timer A: when the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is greater than V w2 Starting the timing logic of the timer A; when the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is less than V w1 Resetting the timer; timing time to go up to start logic; the upper penetration completion timing zero clearing waits for the lower penetration completion restarting starting logic;
setting a lower limit W2 of a rotating speed target value; the power target value is not set with a lower limit and the upper limit is rated power; after the torque control command is smaller than the target value at the W1 position, constant rotation speed control is performed; the upper limit of the power target value is rated torque;
setting a pull-down timer B: the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is less than V w1 Starting a timer; the predicted output value of the homogenized wind speed is greater than V w2 Resetting the timer; the timing time is up to the beginning of wearing down; when the pitch is 0, the timing time when the power is less than 200Kw is forcedly reached;
returning to the step of pitch start.
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| CN113435395B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-04-07 | 重庆大学 | Wind wheel fault self-adaptive diagnosis method based on self-adaptive Kalman filter |
| CN114263572B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2024-08-02 | 运达能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of three-level switch device and self-adaptive resonance crossing of flexible tower |
| CN116146417B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-08-11 | 中车山东风电有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for traversing passive dynamic interval of rotating speed of wind generating set |
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