CN115369313A - High-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
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- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
- C21D8/105—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing, which comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass besides Fe and inevitable impurities: c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.015 percent, si:0.1 to 0.4%, mn:0.20 to 1.0%, cr:10.0 to 13.0%, ni:1.0 to 3.0%, mo: 0.2-1.0%, N is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.010%, al:0.01 to 0.04%, ti:0.01 to 0.15 percent; wherein the contents of Ti, C and N elements meet the following condition: (C + N) =2:1 to 8:1. correspondingly, the invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a tube blank; (2) hot-forming: controlling the final deformation temperature T1 to be Ac 3-Ac 3+80 ℃, and the section deformation S is more than or equal to 15%; (3) Cooling the manufactured seamless steel tube to room temperature at a cooling speed higher than that of air cooling; and (4) quenching and tempering heat treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to steel and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to an oil casing and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the gradual exhaustion of easily-accessible resources, people have to search for new resources in extremely harsh natural environments such as the arctic region, for example, the crude oil reserves in the arctic region are about 2500 billion barrels, which is equivalent to 1/4 of the currently confirmed world crude oil reserves, and the natural gas reserves are estimated to be 80 trillion cubic meters, which is equivalent to 45% of the world natural gas reserves. It follows that developing an arctic field has a very important economic benefit, which has the potential to radically change the world's crude oil supply and demand structure.
When oil and gas resources are exploited in arctic regions, the following two difficulties are mainly faced: first, the underground resources themselves may have high temperature and high pressure, high CO content 2 、Cl - And the like coexisting with severe corrosive environments and the like; secondly, the natural conditions of the ground are extremely harsh, and the low-temperature environment below-40 ℃ puts high requirements on the low-temperature toughness of the material. In a low-temperature severe environment like the north pole, the performance requirements of the processes of storage, transportation and the like under a low-temperature natural condition on materials are required on one hand, and the corrosion resistance requirements in a mining environment are also required on the other hand.
The conventional martensitic stainless steel for an oil jacket pipe having high low-temperature impact toughness has an ultra-low carbon as a main component system, and contains 12.5% of Cr, 5.0% of Ni, and 2% of Mo. The component system has the characteristics of high content of noble metal and high cost, and has excessive corrosion resistance for the oil and gas resource exploitation environment below 150 ℃. Therefore, the ultra-low carbon system martensitic stainless steel cannot be perfectly applied to the low-temperature oil and gas exploitation process, and a new high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe is urgently needed.
For example: published under England 2010-242163, published under 2010On day 10/28, a japanese patent document entitled "method for producing a martensitic stainless steel joint for oil well pipes without steel pipes" discloses a martensitic stainless steel pipe having excellent resistance to carbon dioxide gas corrosion and sulfide stress corrosion cracking and having a strength of 95ksi or even 110ksi grade, which is characterized by the following chemical components: c:0.015% or less, N:0.015% or less, si:1.0% or less, mn:2.0% or less, P:0.020% or less, S:0.010% or less, al:0.01 to 0.10%, cr:10 to 14%, ni:3 to 8%, ti:0.03 to 0.15%, mo:1 to 4%, cu:1 to 40% or less, W:1 to 4%, co:1 to 4 percent. Has excellent carbon dioxide corrosion resistance under the high temperature environment which reaches 150 ℃ and contains CO2 and Cl < - >, and further contains H 2 The S has excellent sulfide stress cracking resistance under the corrosive environment, and the ductile-brittle transition can reach-65 ℃.
Another example is: the patent document entitled "655 Nmm-2 grade low carbon high Cr alloy well pipe with high corrosion resistance and method for manufacturing the same" the Japanese patent document having an open patent with 2000-160300, 2000-13, discloses an excellent strength of carbon dioxide gas corrosion resistance and sulfide stress corrosion cracking resistance to reach 95ksi steel grade martensitic stainless steel pipe, the chemical composition characteristics of which are: c: 0.005 to 0.05%, si:1.0% or less, mn:0.05 to 0.3%, cr:12 to 16%, ni:3.5 to 6.0%, mo: 1.5-2.5%, V0.01-0.05%, N: less than 0.02%, and meets the requirement of 705-25[% Ni ] +5[% Cr ] +25[% Mo ] > 680. The high-temperature-resistant and high-temperature-resistant steel has excellent carbon dioxide corrosion resistance under the high-temperature environment which reaches 180 ℃ and contains CO2 and Cl-, and has excellent sulfide stress cracking resistance under the corrosion environment which contains H2S, and the low-temperature impact toughness at-20 ℃ can reach more than 200J.
For another example: chinese patent publication No. CN106399829, publication No. 2017, 2, 15, and entitled "high strength, high toughness, corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil well pipe and manufacturing method thereof" discloses a high strength, high toughness, corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil well pipe, which is characterized by having a yield strength of 862MPa or more, and chemical composition characteristics of containing C0.03% or less, si:0.2 to 0.5%, mn:0.20 to 1.50%, cr:9.0 to 12.5, ni:0.5 to 3.0%, mo:0.1 to 1.0%, V:0.01 to 0.2%, nb:0.01 to 0.08%, W:0.01 to 0.50%, al:0.005 to 0.050%, P:0.02% or less, S: less than 0.005 percent, the rest part consists of Fe and impurities, the metallographic structure is single martensite, and the ductile-brittle transition temperature is below minus 80 ℃.
Accordingly, unlike prior art steels for oil well tubing, the present invention contemplates a new high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing that has excellent overall performance, not only meets the 80ksi steel grade requirement, but is suitable for high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO) above 150 ℃ 2 ) The low-temperature impact toughness modifier is applied to the environment, has excellent high-temperature corrosion resistance to carbon dioxide and chloride ions and particularly excellent low-temperature impact toughness, can be effectively applied to oil and gas resource collection in severe low-temperature environments, and has good economic benefits and very wide application prospects.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing which has excellent comprehensive performance, not only meets the requirement of 80ksi steel grade, but also is suitable for high-concentration carbon dioxide (CO) above 150 DEG C 2 ) The low-temperature impact toughness modifier is applied to the environment, has excellent high-temperature corrosion resistance to carbon dioxide and chloride ions and particularly excellent low-temperature impact toughness, can be effectively applied to oil and gas resource collection in severe low-temperature environments, and has good economic benefits and very wide application prospects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing, which contains Fe and inevitable impurities, and further contains the following chemical elements in percentage by mass:
0＜C≤0.015％，Si：0.1～0.4％，Mn：0.20～1.0％，Cr：10.0～13.0％，Ni： 1.0～3.0％，Mo：0.2～1.0％，0＜N≤0.010％，Al：0.01～0.04％，Ti：0.01％～0.15％；
wherein the contents of Ti, C and N elements meet the following condition: (C + N) =2:1 to 8:1. and substituting Ti, C and N in the formula into corresponding element mass percentage.
Further, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the mass percentages of the chemical elements are as follows:
c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.015 percent, si:0.1 to 0.4%, mn:0.20 to 1.0%, cr:10.0 to 13.0%, ni:1.0 to 3.0%, mo: 0.2-1.0%, N is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.010%, al:0.01 to 0.04%, ti:0.01 to 0.15 percent; the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities;
wherein the contents of Ti, C and N elements meet the following condition: (C + N) =2:1 to 8:1. and substituting Ti, C and N in the formula into the corresponding element mass percentage.
In order to ensure that the steel meets the requirement of 80ksi steel grade, and simultaneously has excellent high-temperature corrosion resistance to carbon dioxide and chloride ions and particularly excellent low-temperature impact toughness, the invention aims at alloy elements such as C, ni and Mo, micro-alloy elements such as Ti, a hot working process, a heat treatment process and a metallographic structure to strength and CO resistance of the martensitic stainless steel taking Cr as a main alloy component 2 The properties such as corrosion resistance and low-temperature impact toughness were carefully studied.
As a result, it was found that when a proper amount of Ti element is added in the chemical composition design and a proper hot working process is performed, precipitation of large-sized titanium carbonitride can be prevented by using a proper ratio of Ti to N, C because Ti has a strong binding ability with carbon and nitrogen. The dispersed and separated fine titanium carbonitride reduces the content of carbon atoms in crystal lattices of the martensite matrix, and further reduces the crystal lattice distortion caused by the carbon atoms, thereby improving the impact toughness of the martensite stainless steel under the low-temperature condition. Meanwhile, in order to exert the precipitation dispersion effect of Ti, researches also find that the synergistic addition of Ti element and Mo element can improve the solid solubility of titanium carbonitride in a matrix and further obtain dispersed precipitation. Accordingly, in order to further obtain a finely dispersed precipitated phase, the present invention may be cooperatively implemented with a suitable hot working process and a heat treatment process.
In the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the design principle of each chemical element is as follows:
c: in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, C can be used as an austenite forming element, the percentage of austenitizing of stainless steel at high temperature can be increased by increasing the content of the C element in the steel, then martensite at room temperature is obtained, and the strength of the steel is improved. However, for the technical scheme, the content of the element C in the steel is not high, and when the content of the element C in the steel is high, the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel is reduced, and the toughness is reduced. Therefore, it is one of the main points of the present invention to reduce the carbon content as much as possible, but the reduction of the carbon content increases the process cost of the smelting. In view of the above, in the invention, in order to obtain better low-temperature impact toughness, the mass percentage content of the C element is controlled to be more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.015 percent.
Of course, in certain preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effect, the content of the element C in percentage by mass can be preferably controlled to be 0 < C0.012%.
Si: in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, si is an important deoxidizer in the steel-making process, but the Si has the risk of promoting the formation of sigma phase and ferrite phase in the stainless steel with high Cr content, and the sigma phase and the ferrite have adverse effects on the toughness and the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel. Based on the above, in order to ensure the performance of the material, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the mass percentage content of the Si element is controlled to be 0.1-0.4%.
Of course, in some preferred embodiments, the content of Si element may be preferably controlled to be between 0.1 and 0.3% by mass in order to obtain better practical effects.
Mn: in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, a proper amount of Mn element is added to improve the strength of stainless steel. In the present invention, in order to ensure that the stainless steel material can have a desired strength when used as an oil jacket pipe, it is necessary to add 0.20% or more of Mn element to the steel. However, it should be noted that the content of Mn element in the steel should not be too high, and when the content of Mn element in the steel exceeds 1.0%, the toughness of the steel is lowered. Therefore, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the mass percentage of the Mn element is controlled to be between 0.20 and 1.0 percent.
Of course, in certain preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effect, the content of the Mn element by mass may be preferably controlled to be between 0.20 and 0.5%.
Cr: in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, cr is an important element for improving corrosion resistance in stainless steel, and the addition of Cr ensures that the surface of the stainless steel can quickly form a corrosion-resistant passive film in the air in time so as to improve CO of the oil casing pipe in a high-temperature-resistant environment 2 Corrosion performance. In order to obtain a composition having a CO tolerance of above 150 DEG C 2 The corrosion performance, the addition amount of Cr element in the stainless steel system of the invention is more than 10.0%. On the other hand, the Cr content in the steel should not be too high, and when the Cr content in the steel exceeds 13.0%, the risk of ferrite precipitation is increased, which adversely affects both hot workability and corrosion resistance of the product. Therefore, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the mass percentage of Cr element is controlled to be 10.0-13.0%.
Of course, in some preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effect, the content of the Cr element may be preferably controlled between 11.5 and 12.5% by mass.
Ni: in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, ni is an important element for enlarging an austenite region of a stainless steel material, and can improve the corrosion resistance and toughness of the stainless steel, particularly the stress corrosion cracking resistance under a high-temperature condition. In order to obtain the above effect, the content of Ni element in the steel needs to be controlled to be more than 1.0%. It should be noted that it is also not desirable to add excessive amounts of Ni to the steel, which is a more expensive alloying element that increases the cost of the alloy, and the Ni content in the stainless steel system of the present invention should not exceed 3.0%. Based on the above, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the mass percentage of Ni element is controlled to be 1.0-3.0%.
Of course, in certain preferred embodiments, in order to obtain better implementation effect, the mass percentage content of the Ni element may be preferably controlled to be between 1.5 and 2.5%.
Mo: in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, mo is an element for improving the Cl ion pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel. In the present invention, the Mo element also has a synergistic effect with the Ti element, and particularly when deformed in a range of Ac3+80 ℃ above Ac3 (austenite transformation end temperature), it can form carbonitride of Mo and Ti in a composite manner and has a dispersion characteristic. In order to ensure that the stainless steel material of the present invention can achieve corrosion resistance in a high temperature environment of 150 ℃ or higher, 0.2% or more of Mo needs to be added in the present invention. However, mo is a noble metal element, and the addition of excessive Mo in steel greatly increases the alloy cost; meanwhile, when the content of Mo element in steel exceeds 1.0%, a large amount of ferrite is formed, which may adversely affect hot workability and corrosion resistance of the product. Based on the above, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil sleeve, the content of Mo element is controlled to be between 0.2 and 1.0 percent by mass.
Of course, in certain preferred embodiments, the content of Mo may be preferably controlled to be between 0.3 and 0.8% by mass in order to obtain more excellent effects.
N: in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, N is an element capable of improving the pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel, and N is an austenite forming element capable of improving the martensite proportion of the stainless steel, so that the strength of the material is improved. However, it should be noted that, in the present invention, N is a residual element, and N causes distortion in the crystal lattice, which lowers the impact toughness of stainless steel, and the content of N is controlled to 0.01% or less in order to improve the low temperature impact toughness of the steel of the present invention. Therefore, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the mass percentage content of the N element is controlled to be more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.010 percent.
Al: in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, al is an element added in a smelting process as a deoxidizing agent, and in order to achieve a deoxidizing effect, the addition amount of the Al element in the steel needs to be controlled to be more than 0.01%. However, it should be noted that the Al element content in the steel should not be too high, and when the Al element content in the steel exceeds 0.04%, the toughness of the steel is lowered. Therefore, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the mass percentage of the Al element is controlled to be 0.01-0.04%.
Ti: in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, ti is an important microalloy element and can be combined with C element and N element to form carbonitride, and the pinning effect of the carbonitride precipitation is utilized to refine grains; in addition, the formation of carbonitride can also reduce the content of carbon and nitrogen atoms in the matrix, and reduce the reduction of impact properties caused by lattice distortion. In addition, mo element and Ti element are added and compounded, and a proper deformation process is implemented, so that dispersed carbonitride can be formed, and the purposes of refining grains and improving low-temperature impact toughness are further achieved. In order to achieve the above effects, the addition amount of Ti element in the steel needs to be controlled to 0.01% or more. Correspondingly, the content of Ti element in steel is also not suitable to be too high, and when the content of Ti element in steel is higher than 0.15%, excessive addition of Ti can form oxide of titanium in the smelting process, thereby causing non-metallic inclusion. Based on the above, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the mass percentage of Ti element is controlled to be 0.01-0.15%.
In addition, it should be noted that while the mass percentage content of a single element is controlled, the contents of Ti, C and N elements are also controlled to satisfy the following requirements: ti: (C + N) =2:1 to 8:1. each chemical element in the above formula can be correspondingly substituted into the mass percentage of the chemical element. The content of Ti, C and N elements is controlled to meet the requirement of the formula, and the effects of precipitation refined grains and dispersion precipitation generated by the action of the Ti elements in the steel can be ensured.
Further, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the mass percentage of each chemical element also satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
0＜C≤0.012％，
Si：0.1～0.3％，
Mn：0.20～0.5％，
Cr：11.5～12.5％，
Ni：1.5～2.5％，
Mo：0.3～0.8％。
further, the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe according to the present invention further comprises: at least one of Zr and RE, wherein Zr is less than or equal to 0.2 percent and RE is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.
In the technical scheme of the invention, zr and RE elements can further improve the performance of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe. Wherein RE elements include but are not limited to Nd, ce, er, pr, pm, dy, la and the like.
In the present invention, when at least one of Zr and RE is contained in the high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil jacket pipe, the strength and toughness are improved by facilitating the precipitation of carbonitride and refining grains. However, if any element is more than 0.2%, the toughness of the steel grade of the present invention is lowered. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of Zr and RE elements needs to be limited to 0.2% or less. Additionally, in certain preferred embodiments, the total combined Zr + RE content of the Zr and RE elements may preferably be limited to Zr + RE ≦ 0.3%.
Furthermore, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, zr + RE is less than or equal to 0.3 percent.
Furthermore, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing, P is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, O is less than or equal to 0.004 percent and S is less than or equal to 0.01 percent in inevitable impurities.
In the above technical solutions, the P element, the S element and the O element are all impurity elements in steel, and the content of the impurity elements in steel should be reduced as much as possible in order to obtain steel with better performance and better quality when the technical conditions allow.
P: p is to make the stainless steel oil casing CO-resistant at high temperature 2 Harmful elements having reduced corrosion properties, which also adversely affect the hot workability of the steel, and when the content of the element P in the steel exceeds 0.03%, the corrosion resistance of the steel fails to meet the environmental requirements at high temperatures. Therefore, in the invention, the mass percentage of the P element is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.03 percent. In certain preferred embodiments, it may be preferred to control P.ltoreq.0.015%.
S: s not only reduces the hot workability of the stainless steel oil jacket pipe, but also adversely affects the impact toughness of the stainless steel oil jacket pipe. When the content of the S element in the steel exceeds 0.01%, the steel pipe cannot be normally manufactured. Therefore, in the invention, the mass percentage of the S element is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.01 percent. In certain preferred embodiments, it may be preferable to control S.ltoreq.0.005%.
O: o is present in steel as an oxide, which has an adverse effect on the hot workability, impact toughness and corrosion resistance of the steel. Therefore, in the invention, the mass percentage of the O element is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.004 percent.
Further, in the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe, the performances are as follows: the yield strength is more than or equal to 552MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 655MPa, the Charpy impact energy is more than or equal to 100J at the temperature of minus 60 ℃, and the CO is at least 150 DEG C 2 And Cl - The corrosion rate under the coexistence environment is less than or equal to 0.06mm/a.
Accordingly, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing, which is simple to manufacture, and which can obtain a high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing having not only excellent strength, but also resistance to high temperature corrosion by carbon dioxide and chloride ions and particularly excellent low temperature impact toughness, a yield strength of not less than 552MPa, a tensile strength of not less than 655MPa, a charpy impact energy of not less than 100J at 60 ℃ and a charpy impact energy of at least 150JCO at DEG C 2 And Cl - The corrosion rate under the coexistence environment is less than or equal to 0.06mm/a, the method is effectively suitable for oil-gas resource collection under the severe low-temperature environment, and has good economic benefit and very wide application prospect.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the above martensitic stainless steel oil casing with high toughness and corrosion resistance, which comprises the steps of:
(1) Preparing a tube blank;
(2) Hot-forming: controlling the final deformation temperature T1 to be Ac 3-Ac 3+80 ℃, wherein the cross-section deformation S is more than or equal to 15%;
(3) Cooling the manufactured seamless steel tube to room temperature at a cooling speed higher than that of air cooling;
(4) Quenching and tempering heat treatment.
In the technical scheme of the invention, proper heat treatment process and heat processing steps are adopted to match the components of the material, so that fine and dispersed precipitated phases are further obtained, and the comprehensive performance of the martensitic stainless steel oil casing is ensured.
In the step (1), the invention can adopt the conventional smelting method of a converter, an electric furnace, a vacuum induction furnace and the like to manufacture the tube blank by the methods of continuous casting, ingot bloom and the like
In the above technical solution of the present invention, in the hot forming process of the step (2), the raw material needs to be heated, the heating temperature is controlled between 1150 to 1200 ℃ for hot forming, and in order to obtain the effect of the synergic carbonitride of Mo and Ti, the final deformation temperature T1 needs to be controlled between Ac3 and Ac3+80 ℃, and the cross-sectional deformation amount S is not less than 15%. Where Ac3 represents the austenite transformation end temperature. The purpose of setting the final deformation temperature T1 to Ac 3-Ac 3+80 ℃ is to ensure the effect of obtaining the synergic carbonitride of Mo and Ti elements.
Accordingly, the seamless steel pipe produced in the step (3) is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate higher than that of air cooling, and then the quenching and tempering heat treatment step in the step (4) is performed to perform the quenching and tempering heat treatment.
Further, in the manufacturing method according to the present invention, in the step (2), the deformation amount of the final pass deformation performed in the final deformation temperature zone is not more than 30%.
In the step (2), the deformation amount of the final pass deformation in the final deformation temperature range is not excessively large, and when the deformation amount is more than 30%, not only the load of the rolling mill is increased, but also cracks and surface defects are formed.
Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, in step (4): in the quenching step, the quenching heating temperature T2 is Ac 3-1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-6 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness; then cooling to T3= Ms-40 ℃ at a cooling speed of 20-40 ℃/s, keeping the temperature for 0.5-1.5 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness, and cooling to room temperature at a cooling speed of 2-40 ℃/s after finishing the heat preservation treatment; in the tempering step, the tempering heating temperature is 500-Ac 3, the heat preservation time is 3-10 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness, and then the cooling is carried out to the room temperature by using the cooling speed of 5-30 ℃/s.
In the quenching and tempering heat treatment step of the above step (4), the quenching heating temperature for the heat treatment is T2, and T2 is controlled to be between AC3 and 1000 ℃ because: when heating is performed at AC3 or less, the steel material of the present invention cannot be sufficiently austenitized, and thus uniform precipitation is difficult to obtain in subsequent treatment. It is preferable to heat the steel in a temperature range of 1000 ℃ or less, and if the quenching heating temperature is higher than 1000 ℃, the austenite structure grows and the impact toughness deteriorates.
Correspondingly, after quenching and heating are finished, cooling to T3= Ms-40 ℃ at a cooling speed of 20-40 ℃/s, keeping the temperature for 0.5-1.5 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling speed of 2-40 ℃/s after the heat preservation treatment is finished. Wherein Ms represents the martensite start temperature. The T3 heat preservation process is implemented in the cooling process after the austenitizing temperature is preserved, so that the lattice distortion of martensite transformation can be reduced, the coordinated carbonitride of the Mo element and the Ti element can be more dispersedly distributed in residual austenite among the martensite laths, and the reduction of the content of C in the martensite laths is controlled, so that the toughness and the plasticity of the martensite matrix are improved.
Then in the tempering step, the tempering heating temperature is 500-Ac 3, the heat preservation time is 3-10 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness, and finally the cooling is carried out to the room temperature by the cooling speed of 5-30 ℃/s.
Compared with the prior art, the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing and the manufacturing method thereof have the advantages and beneficial effects that:
in the invention, the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe with higher strength, good low-temperature impact toughness and excellent high-temperature corrosion resistance to carbon dioxide and chloride ions can be obtained by reasonable chemical component design and optimized production process and adopting a proper heat treatment process for production.
The yield strength of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing is more than or equal to 552MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 655MPa, the Charpy impact energy at-60 ℃ is more than or equal to 100J, and the CO at least 150 DEG C 2 And Cl - The corrosion rate under the coexistence environment is less than or equal to 0.06mm/a, which meets the requirement of 80ksi steel grade and is suitable for high-concentration carbon dioxide (CO) with the temperature of more than 150 DEG C 2 ) The method is applied under the environment, can be effectively suitable for oil and gas resource collection under severe low-temperature environment, and has good economic benefit and very wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to specific examples, which, however, should not be construed as unduly limiting the technical solution of the present invention.
Examples 1 to 15 and comparative examples 1 to 7
The high toughness, corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casings of examples 1-15 and the comparative steel pipes of comparative examples 1-3 were made using the following steps:
(1) The tube blanks were produced by melting the components shown in tables 1-1 and 1-2 below by a conventional melting method such as a converter, an electric furnace, or a vacuum induction furnace, and by a method such as continuous casting or bloom rolling.
(2) Hot-forming: controlling the heating temperature to 1150-1200 ℃ for hot forming, controlling the final deformation temperature T1 to be Ac 3-Ac 3+80 ℃, controlling the section deformation S to be more than or equal to 15%, and controlling the deformation of the final pass deformation to be less than or equal to 30% in the final deformation temperature interval.
(3) The resulting seamless steel pipe was cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate not less than that of air cooling.
(4) Quenching and tempering heat treatment: in the quenching step, the quenching heating temperature T2 is Ac 3-1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-6 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness; then cooling to T3= Ms-40 ℃ at a cooling speed of 20-40 ℃/s, keeping the temperature for 0.5-1.5 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness, and cooling to room temperature at a cooling speed of 2-40 ℃/s after finishing the heat preservation treatment; in the tempering step, the tempering heating temperature is 500-Ac 3, the heat preservation time is 3-10 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness, and then the cooling is carried out to the room temperature by using the cooling speed of 5-30 ℃/s.
In examples 1-15 of the present invention, the chemical composition design and associated processes of the high toughness, corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing of examples 1-15 meet the design specification requirements of the present invention. After the pipe blanks were produced according to the chemical compositions shown in tables 1-1 and 1-2, they were heated in a furnace at the temperatures shown in Table 2. After perforation and continuous rolling, the temperature of the hollow billet is determined to reach the temperature T1 in the table 1, then sizing is carried out, the deformation amount of sizing is listed in the table 2, and the seamless steel pipe with the outer diameter of 88.9mm multiplied by the wall thickness of 9.52mm is manufactured.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the comparative steel pipes of comparative examples 1 to 7 were further provided, wherein, in the chemical composition design, the comparative steel pipes of comparative examples 1 to 3 had parameters that did not meet the design specification requirements of the present invention. Accordingly, comparative examples 4 to 7 do not employ the above-described manufacturing process of the present invention, and the related processes do not satisfy the requirements of the design specifications of the present invention.
Comparative examples 4 to 5 adopt a conventional hot working process method, wherein sizing is carried out at a sizing temperature of 1000 ℃, and the sizing deformation is 18%; comparative examples 6 to 7 used conventional quenching and tempering heat treatment processes, the quenching temperatures are shown in table 2, the heating time is 30min, air cooling to room temperature and primary tempering heat treatment are performed, the tempering heat treatment temperatures are shown in table 2, and the heating holding time is 40min.
Tables 1 to 1 and tables 1 to 2 show the mass percentages of the respective chemical elements of the high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil jacket pipes of examples 1 to 15 and the comparative steel pipes of comparative examples 1 to 7.
Table 1-1. (wt.%, balance Fe and unavoidable impurities other than P, O and S)
Tables 1-2.
Note: the formula Ti in the above tables 1-2: and each chemical element in the (C + N) can be correspondingly substituted into the mass percentage of the chemical element.
As can be seen by referring to Table 1-1 above, in the present invention, the chemical composition design of the comparative steel pipes of comparative examples 4-7 is referred to the chemical composition design of examples 1-4. Comparative examples 4 to 7 the steel grades of the comparative steel pipes correspond one-to-one to the steel grades used for the high toughness, corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casings of examples 1 to 4.
Tables 2-1 and 2-2 list specific process parameters for the high toughness, corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casings of examples 1-15 and the comparative steel pipes of comparative examples 1-7 in the above process steps.
Table 2-1.
Table 2-2.
The resulting high toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casings of examples 1 to 15 and comparative steel pipes of comparative examples 1 to 7 were sampled, respectively, and further tests were conducted on the steel sheets of each example and comparative example, respectively for strength test, charpy V-type impact absorption power test and corrosion resistance test, and the test results of each example and comparative example are listed in table 3, respectively.
Relevant experimental test means, as follows:
and (3) testing the strength: the fabricated steel pipes were processed into near-arc test pieces, and room temperature tensile tests were performed according to ASTM standards to obtain values of yield strength and tensile strength of the steel pipes of each example and comparative example.
Charpy V-type impact absorption test: v-type impact test specimens with a size of 5 × 10 × 55 (mm) in a cut volume were taken from the steel pipes of the respective examples and comparative examples, and averaged after testing according to GB/T229 standard, and converted to a full size of 10 × 55 (mm) according to API 5CT standard, and listed in table 3, and the test temperature was controlled at-60 ℃.
And (3) corrosion resistance test: carrying out CO at high temperature 2 、Cl - Concurrent Corrosion test Each of the samples of examples and comparative examples was immersed in a liquid in an autoclave, the temperature in the autoclave was controlled at 150 ℃ and CO was controlled 2 The partial pressure is 1MPa, the Cl < - > concentration is controlled to be 100000mg/L, the liquid flow rate is controlled to be 1m/s, the test time is ensured to be 240h, and the uniform corrosion rate is calculated by comparing the weight of the sample before and after the test.
Table 3 lists the test results for the high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casings of examples 1-15 and the comparative steel pipes of comparative examples 1-7.
Table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, the high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casings of examples 1-15 according to the present invention have significant advantages and superior performance compared to the comparative steel pipes of comparative examples 1-7.
The high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipes obtained in the embodiments 1 to 15 have high strength and good low-temperature impact toughness, the yield strength is greater than or equal to 562MPa, the tensile strength is greater than or equal to 705MPa, and the requirements of 80ksi steel grade are met. Correspondingly, the high toughness, corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casings of examples 1-15 have Charpy impact energy at-60 ℃ of not less than 128J and CO at least 150 ℃ 2 And Cl - The corrosion rate under the coexistence environment is less than or equal to 0.058mm/a, and the uniform corrosion resistance is excellent under the environment with the temperature of 150 ℃ and the concentration of CO2 and high Cl ions. Compared with the steel grade and the manufacturing method of the comparative example, the steel grade has the remarkable advantages of high strength, high toughness and high corrosion resistance.
In conclusion, the high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe with higher strength, good low-temperature impact toughness and excellent high-temperature corrosion resistance of carbon dioxide and chloride ions can be obtained by reasonable chemical component design and optimized production process and adopting a proper heat treatment process for production. The high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe meets the requirement of 80ksi steel grade and is suitable for high-concentration carbon dioxide (CO) at the temperature of more than 150 DEG C 2 ) The method is applied under the environment, can be effectively suitable for oil and gas resource collection under severe low-temperature environment, and has good economic benefit and very wide application prospect.
It should be noted that the combination of the technical features in the present application is not limited to the combination described in the claims of the present application or the combination described in the specific embodiments, and all the technical features described in the present application may be freely combined or combined in any manner unless contradictory to each other.
It should also be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention. It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and similar changes or modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention and shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-toughness corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing pipe contains Fe and inevitable impurities, and is characterized by also containing the following chemical elements in percentage by mass:
0＜C≤0.015％，Si：0.1～0.4％，Mn：0.20～1.0％，Cr：10.0～13.0％，Ni：1.0～3.0％，Mo：0.2～1.0％，0＜N≤0.010％，Al：0.01～0.04％，Ti：0.01％～0.15％；
wherein the contents of Ti, C and N elements meet the following condition: (C + N) =2:1 to 8:1.
2. the high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the contents by mass of the chemical elements are:
c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.015 percent, si:0.1 to 0.4%, mn:0.20 to 1.0%, cr:10.0 to 13.0%, ni:1.0 to 3.0%, mo: 0.2-1.0%, N is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.010%, al:0.01 to 0.04%, ti:0.01 to 0.15 percent; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities;
wherein the contents of Ti, C and N elements meet the following condition: (C + N) =2:1 to 8:1.
3. the high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein each chemical element mass percentage content further satisfies at least one of:
0＜C≤0.012％，
Si：0.1～0.3％，
Mn：0.20～0.5％，
Cr：11.5～12.5％，
Ni：1.5～2.5％，
Mo：0.3～0.8％。
4. the high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising: at least one of Zr and RE, wherein Zr is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, and RE is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.
5. The high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil sleeve of claim 5 wherein Zr + RE is 0.3% or less.
6. A high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein P.ltoreq.0.03%, O.ltoreq.0.004%, S.ltoreq.0.01% among inevitable impurities.
7. The high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the properties are such that: the yield strength is more than or equal to 552MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 655MPa, the Charpy impact energy is more than or equal to 100J at the temperature of minus 60 ℃, and the CO is at least 150 DEG C 2 And Cl - The corrosion rate under the coexistence environment is less than or equal to 0.06mm/a.
8. The method of manufacturing a high toughness corrosion resistant martensitic stainless steel oil casing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
(1) Preparing a tube blank;
(2) Hot-forming: controlling the final deformation temperature T1 to be Ac 3-Ac 3+80 ℃, and the section deformation S is more than or equal to 15%;
(3) Cooling the manufactured seamless steel tube to room temperature at a cooling speed higher than that of air cooling;
(4) Quenching and tempering heat treatment.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein in step (2), the final pass deformation is performed in a final deformation temperature range of 30% or less.
10. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, wherein in step (4): in the quenching step, the quenching heating temperature T2 is Ac 3-1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-6 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness; then cooling to T3= Ms-40 ℃ at a cooling speed of 20-40 ℃/s, keeping the temperature for 0.5-1.5 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness, and cooling to room temperature at a cooling speed of 2-40 ℃/s after finishing the heat preservation treatment; in the tempering step, the tempering heating temperature is 500-Ac 3, the heat preservation time is 3-10 min/cm multiplied by the wall thickness, and then the cooling is carried out to the room temperature by the cooling speed of 5-30 ℃/s.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115896628A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-04-04 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | High-strength seamless pipe for oil transportation and manufacturing method thereof |
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