CN115369046A - Trichoderma africanum for preventing and treating multiple diseases of vegetables and application thereof - Google Patents
Trichoderma africanum for preventing and treating multiple diseases of vegetables and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/145—Fungal isolates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/38—Trichoderma
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
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Abstract
The invention discloses an African trichoderma harzianum strain for preventing and treating various diseases of vegetables, which has the characteristics of large spore yield and strong colonization capability, has obvious bacteriostatic action on pathogenic bacteria of tomato leaf mold, early blight, sesame leaf spot and fusarium wilt, cucumber fusarium wilt, damping off, powdery mildew, downy mildew, pepper phytophthora blight and other various diseases, has obvious effects of preventing diseases and promoting growth in fields, can form a symbiotic relationship with hosts in a plant body, and has strong stability. After the composition is applied, the usage amount of chemical pesticides and the drug resistance of plants can be effectively reduced, the growth period of the plants is prolonged, the effects of quality improvement and efficiency improvement are achieved, and the green development of the vegetable industry is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control, and relates to an African trichoderma harzianum strain for controlling various diseases of vegetables and application thereof.
Background
The long-term large-scale unreasonable use of chemical pesticides causes various problems such as pesticide residue, environmental pollution, and drug resistance enhancement of diseases and pests, and destroys the natural balance of the agricultural ecosystem. The research and development of biological pesticides and the popularization and application of biocontrol technology become main contents in crop pest control. In the production process of vegetables, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes gradual aggravation of soil-borne diseases of the vegetables and serious reduction of the yield of the vegetables.
Trichoderma (Trichoderma Pers.) fungi are widely distributed worldwide, are one of the important communities of soil microorganisms, are plant endophytic fungi, and can be isolated from soil, plant rhizosphere, stem, leaf, seed and corm surface, plant residue such as dry branches and fallen leaves and saproperia, and fruiting body of other fungi. The existing research data show that trichoderma has wide application value in the aspects of agriculture, industry, environmental protection and the like, the application performance in the agricultural field is particularly outstanding, and various products such as trichoderma biocontrol agents, biological bacterial manure, resistance inducers, seed coating agents and the like are registered and commercially produced and play an important role in agricultural production, wherein the application scene of trichoderma harzianum (trichoderma harzianum) is the most extensive.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the Trichoderma africanum strain which can obviously inhibit pathogenic bacteria of tomato leaf mold, early blight, sesame leaf spot, blight, cucumber fusarium wilt, rhizoctonia rot, powdery mildew, downy mildew, pepper phytophthora blight and other diseases.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the Trichoderma africanum strain for preventing and treating vegetable diseases is Trichoderma africanum (Trichoderma africanum arzianum) preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center, wherein the preservation site is No. 3 of West Luo No. 1 of the sunward area in Beijing, the preservation time is 26 days at 5 months in 2021, and the preservation number is CGMCC No.22433.
The invention also provides a biological agent for preventing and treating vegetable diseases, and the biological agent comprises the components of the trichoderma africanum or a fermentation product thereof, an auxiliary agent and a synergistic agent.
Specifically, the number of effective spores in the Trichoderma africanum or the fermentation product thereof is not less than 10 10 CFU/g; the auxiliary agent comprises one or a combination of diatomite and wheat bran; the synergist comprises one or a combination of chitosan oligosaccharide and biochemical fulvic acid.
Preferably, the biological agent comprises 75% of Verticillium africanum or a fermentation product thereof, 3-10% of diatomite, 10-20% of wheat bran, 1-3% of chitosan oligosaccharide and 1-5% of biochemical fulvic acid.
Preferably, the biological agent comprises 75% of trichoderma africanum or a fermentation product thereof, 6% of diatomite, 12% of wheat bran, 3% of chitosan oligosaccharide and 4% of biochemical fulvic acid.
The invention further requests to protect the application of the Trichoderma africanum in preventing and controlling vegetable diseases.
Specifically, the Trichoderma africanum can be used for preventing and treating tomato leaf mold, tomato early blight, tomato sesame leaf spot, tomato fusarium wilt, cucumber damping off, cucumber powdery mildew, cucumber downy mildew and pepper phytophthora blight caused by fungal pathogens.
By implementing the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be achieved:
(1) The Trichoderma africanum has large spore yield, strong colonization ability in the rhizosphere of crops and plant bodies, and the colony number at the rhizosphere can reach 69.66 multiplied by 10 4 CFU/g。
(2) The Trichoderma africanum has obvious inhibition effect on various pathogenic bacteria of vegetable soil-borne and leaf diseases through various action mechanisms such as competition, parasitism and the like, and the bacteriostasis rate reaches 93.7 percent.
(3) The biological agent prepared from the Trichoderma africanum has the advantages of simple use method, obvious effects of preventing diseases and increasing yield, the prevention effect reaches 74.2 percent, and the yield is increased by 12.5 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a molecular identification map of Trichoderma africanum.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
This example isolated and identified Trichoderma Africa.
(1) Obtaining a trichoderma strain: firstly, cleaning collected melon and vegetable plant separation samples with tap water, drying to remove water, cutting separation tissues at different parts into suitable segments, soaking in 75% alcohol for 60s, then treating with 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 3-5 min, then soaking in 75% alcohol for 30s, and cleaning tissue blocks subjected to surface disinfection treatment with sterile water for 3 times. And (3) putting the cleaned tissues of different parts into a sterilized mortar for grinding, taking 0.2ml of juice, uniformly coating the juice on a trichoderma selective culture medium by using a coating rod, repeating the operation steps for 3 times, inversely putting a culture dish into a constant temperature box at 25 ℃ for culture, picking out the culture dish when trichoderma colonies appear in the flat plate, further purifying, and storing at ultralow temperature for later use.
(2) Identifying trichoderma by using a morphological classification method: selecting different trichoderma strains with obvious colony morphology difference in each separation sample, carrying out single spore separation, inoculating the trichoderma strains to a PDA culture medium, culturing for 72h under the condition of 25 ℃ and darkness, observing the external morphology and color of the trichoderma conidiophore when the colonies are mature, selecting and preparing a slide, and observing the morphological characteristics of the trichoderma conidiophore and the size, shape and color of the conidia under an optical microscope according to the trichoderma population classification system revised successively by Rifai and Bissett (1984), the description of the 'fungi identification manual' of Wei Jingchao and other documents and the classification standard of a retrieval table, carrying out morphological identification on each trichoderma strain to determine the classification status.
(3) Identifying trichoderma by a molecular biology method: and identifying the Trichoderma species with similar forms by a molecular biological method combining ITS-rDNA with Tef 1-alpha and rpb 2. Amplifying an Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence of rDNA by utilizing a PCR technology, performing sequence similarity retrieval by using an oligonucleotide barcode program TrichoKey 2.0 and a trichoderma database TrichoBlast, and identifying strains with sequence similarity of more than or equal to 99% in comparison results as the same species. The molecular identification map is shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2
The preparation method of the trichoderma africanum biological agent comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Inoculating the strain of Trichoderma africanum into a PDA culture medium, placing the PDA culture medium in a biochemical incubator at 28 ℃ for activation, culturing for about 3 days until a large number of conidia are generated, and collecting the strain of Trichoderma africanum amplified culture.
(2) 200 g of peeled potatoes and 20 g of glucose are mixed, 1000 ml of water is added, the pH value is adjusted to 6, fermentation culture solution is prepared, and the fermentation culture solution is respectively filled into 300ml triangular flasks, wherein the liquid filling amount of each flask is 150ml. Sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 30 min, beating the Trichoderma africanum expanded culture strain into 5mm blocks, inoculating into 150ml culture solution, and shake culturing at 26 deg.C and 160r/min for about 5 days to obtain Trichoderma africanum seed fermentation broth.
(3) Mixing wheat bran, corn flour, coarse bran and water according to a weight ratio of 6. Stirring, covering with sterilized paper, culturing in artificial climate box at 25 deg.C and relative humidity above 85% for 5 days, stirring for 2 times to make the green bacteria uniformly spread over the solid matter. Drying at 32 deg.C after fermentation to obtain Trichoderma Africanum fermented product, and storing in cold place.
(4) Respectively crushing the fermentation product of the trichoderma africanum and wheat bran by using an ultrafine crusher, sieving the crushed fermentation product by using a 100-mesh sieve, then mixing the crushed fermentation product with diatomite, chitosan oligosaccharide and biochemical fulvic acid in a weight ratio of 75 10 And (4) obtaining the Trichoderma africanum biological agent per gram.
Example 3
This example measures the indoor antagonism of trichoderma africanum against a number of pathogenic bacteria.
Using 7 pathogenic bacteria such as tomato sesame leaf spot pathogen, early blight pathogen, tomato leaf mold pathogen, pepper phytophthora blight pathogen, cucumber fusarium wilt pathogen, tomato fusarium wilt pathogen and cucumber rhizoctonia solani as target bacteria, drawing a straight line through the center of a PDA plate culture medium, and respectively inoculating the pathogenic bacteria and the African trichoderma at equal intervals on two sides of the center. Control group (CK) was set up: a straight line is dotted and drawn at the center of the PDA plate culture medium, and only pathogenic fungi are inoculated at the center. And (3) placing the experimental group and the control group in a constant-temperature incubator at 28 ℃ for 5d to observe the antagonistic action, respectively measuring the colony radius of pathogenic bacteria of the experimental group and the control group by using a ruler, and calculating the bacteriostasis rate.
The bacteriostatic rate (%) = [ (R-d)/R ]. Times.100%, wherein R is the average growth radius (cm) of pathogenic bacteria colonies inoculated in the control group, and d is the facing distance (cm) of the contact part between pathogenic bacteria blocks inoculated in the facing treatment group and the Trichoderma Africa.
TABLE 1 determination of the indoor antagonistic action of Trichoderma Africanum against pathogenic bacteria of various diseases of vegetable leaves
TABLE 2 determination of indoor antagonism of Trichoderma africanum against various soil-borne pathogenic bacteria of vegetables
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the Trichoderma africanum has a remarkable antagonistic effect on pathogenic bacteria of 7 diseases of vegetables, and has a bacteriostasis rate of 88.3-93.7%, and a good bacteriostasis broad spectrum.
Example 4
This example tests the inhibitory effect of Trichoderma africanum on cucumber downy mildew and powdery mildew in different ways.
Preparation of fermentation liquor of trichoderma africanum: 150mL of sterilized PD medium was placed in a 300mL Erlenmeyer flask, and then inoculated with activated Trichoderma Africa discs at 26 ℃ and 160 r.min -1 After shaking culture for 5 days under the conditions of (1), obtaining a fermentation liquor of Trichoderma Africa, and diluting the fermentation liquor to a concentration of 10% with sterilized water 8 cfu·mL -1 And then storing for later use.
(1) The inhibition effect of the Trichoderma africanum on the germination of the sporangium of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Erysiphe cichoracearum is determined by a spore (sac) germination inhibition method.
Collecting cucumber diseased leaves from the field, washing off original spores (sacs) by using sterile water, preserving moisture for 24h, gently brushing newly-generated pathogenic spores (sacs) at diseased spots into diluted trichoderma gerbera fermentation liquor by using a writing brush to prepare germ spore (sac) bacterial suspension, and establishing a sterile water control group. Spore germination was measured by the hanging drop method, incubated at 22 ℃ for 36 hours, examined microscopically for spore (cyst) germination or survival, and the inhibition rate was calculated according to the following formula:
inhibition (%) = (control germination rate-experimental germination rate)/control germination rate × 100%
(2) The inhibition effect of Trichoderma africanum on cucumber downy mildew and powdery mildew is determined by leaf disc inoculation. The fermentation broth of Trichoderma africanum and the suspension of pathogenic spores (cysts) were prepared according to the same method as above, and a sterile water control group was set. Adding the fermentation liquor of Trichoderma africanum into culture dish, making into leaf discs with diameter of 1cm, perforating between healthy leaf veins with perforator, respectively placing on filter paper containing fermentation liquor of Trichoderma africanum, and placing 30 leaf discs in each dish. Inoculating 10uL of germ spore (capsule) suspension to the center of the leaf disc, placing the leaf disc in a 22 ℃ artificial climate box for culturing for 7 days, dividing disease grade according to the percentage of the lesion area to the leaf disc area, and calculating disease index and prevention effect.
(3) The inhibition effect of Trichoderma africanum on cucumber downy mildew and powdery mildew is determined by an in vitro leaf method. Healthy cucumber leaves with consistent growth are selected, are washed clean by sterile water, are wrapped by absorbent cotton, and are placed in culture dishes padded with wet filter paper, and the total number of the culture dishes is 10, and 1 leaf is placed in each culture dish. Spraying the prepared germ spore (capsule) suspension on the leaves (the back of downy mildew and the front of white powder); spraying an African trichoderma harzianum suspension after dark culture for 24h, sealing by using a sealing film, using sterilized water to replace the trichoderma suspension to spray the surfaces of the leaves as a reference, placing the leaves in a light cycle of 12h at 22 ℃ for illumination and 12h in the dark for culture for 7 days, carrying out disease investigation after the reference leaves fully develop diseases, and calculating disease index and prevention effect.
TABLE 3 spore (sac) germination assay for inhibition of Pseudomomyces africanus to Peronospora Cucumidis and Erysiphe graminis sporangium germination
TABLE 4 determination of the inhibitory Effect of Trichoderma Africariae on cucumber downy mildew and powdery mildew by different methods
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, the Trichoderma africanum can cause the germination rate of pathogenic bacteria spores (cysts) to be reduced, partial spores (cysts), hyphae and the like to become malformed, atrophied or necrotized, and the inhibition rate reaches over 90.7 percent; the method measures that the African Trichoderma harzianum has good inhibition effect on both diseases by a leaf disc method and an in vitro leaf method, and the relative prevention effect can reach 81.5-93.3%.
Example 5
This example measures the colonization of Trichoderma africanum.
Collecting the continuous cropping soil of vegetables, dipping roots with Trichoderma africanum before transplanting cucumber seedlings and tomato seedlings by using a pot experiment, and normally managing after transplanting. After 15 days, the roots are irrigated for 1 time by 100 times of liquid microbial inoculum, and after 30 days, plants are dug out, different tissues of vegetable seedling rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere soil and plants are respectively taken, trichoderma determination is carried out by utilizing a selective culture medium, and the obtained results are shown in a table 5. The preparation of the Trichoderma africanum preparation used is described in example 2.
TABLE 5 colony counts of Trichoderma africanum in vegetable plants and soil (10) 4 CFU/g)
As can be seen from Table 5, the Trichoderma africanum inoculum has strong colonization ability in vegetable plant bodies and in soil, the R/S ratio is 5.51-6.01, and the Trichoderma quantity comparison: root > leaf > stem base.
Example 6
This example measures the field control of trichoderma africanum. The preparation of the Trichoderma africanum preparation used is described in example 2.
In the field test, a mode of combining root dipping and spraying is adopted, the trichoderma africanum microbial inoculum is applied to serve as an experimental group, 90 tomato seedlings are planted in each cell, 270 tomato seedlings are planted in all three cells in each group, and the trichoderma non-applied microbial inoculum is applied to serve as a control group. When the tomato seedlings are transplanted and planted, 100 times of diluent of the African trichoderma harzianum is used for dipping roots, after 10 days, the roots are irrigated, 1 time of root irrigation is irrigated every 10 days, 3 times of root irrigation is irrigated continuously, and each tomato seedling is irrigated with 200mL of 100 times of diluent of the African trichoderma harzianum. Regularly observing the occurrence condition of the blight in the tomato growth period, measuring various growth indexes of the tomato in the early stage of the growth period, measuring the cumulative yield of the tomatoes in the test cell and the control area at the middle stage of the growth period, and calculating the morbidity, the prevention effect and the yield increase effect of the blight.
TABLE 6 influence of Trichoderma harzianum on the growth index, wilt control and yield of tomato in open field
As can be seen from Table 6, after the Trichoderma africanum fungicide is applied by combining the tomato Miao Zhangen and multiple spraying, the tomato plant shows obvious disease prevention and growth promotion effects, the field control effect on tomato blight reaches 73.9%, the yield is increased by 12.5%, and the tomato early blight and other leaf diseases are relatively mild in incidence.
The greenhouse test adopts a mode of combining root dipping and spraying, takes the Trichoderma africanum microbial inoculum as an experimental group, plants 5 ridges of cucumber seedlings in each district, sets up three districts in each group to plant 15 ridges in total, and sets up the Trichoderma microbial inoculum which is not applied as a control group. When transplanting and planting cucumber seedlings, dipping roots with 100 times of diluent of the African trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum, irrigating the roots after 10 days, irrigating the roots 1 time every 10 days, irrigating the roots 3 times continuously, and irrigating 200mL of 100 times of diluent of the African trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum by each cucumber seedling. The occurrence of the cucumber wilt is regularly observed in the cucumber growing period, various growing indexes of the cucumber are measured in the early stage of the growing period, the accumulative yield of the cucumber in a test cell and a control area is measured in the middle stage of the growing period, and the incidence rate, the prevention effect and the yield increase effect of the cucumber wilt are calculated.
TABLE 7 field effect evaluation of Trichoderma harzianum in Africa on cucumber wilt
As can be seen from Table 7, the cucumber plants showed a significant growth promoting effect, especially in plant height, after the Trichoderma africanum was administered; the wilt is less, the field control effect reaches 74.2 percent, and the yield is increased by 11.46 percent.
In the field test, the spraying method is adopted for pesticide application to prevent and control the leaf diseases of the tomatoes and the cucumbers, and the African trichoderma harzianum fungicide is sprayed as an experimental group, wherein the area of each cell is 30m 2 Each group is provided with three cells with the total area of 90m 2 And a trichoderma-not-applied bacterium agent is set up as a control group. Continuously spraying 100-time dilution of the trichoderma africanum microbial inoculum for 3 times in the early disease stage of vegetables, spraying for 1 time every 7 days, investigating disease indexes according to different disease leaf damage grading standards, and calculating prevention effects.
TABLE 8 evaluation of the field Effect of Trichoderma harzianum inoculum on vegetable leaf diseases
As can be seen from the table 8, after the African trichoderma harzianum microbial inoculum is continuously sprayed for 3 times at the early stage of vegetable morbidity, obvious effects are shown on various diseases of tomato and cucumber leaves, and the field control effect reaches 67.9% -70.3%.
The present invention has been described in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced within a wide range of equivalent parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and without undue experimentation. While the invention has been described with reference to specific examples, it will be appreciated that the invention may be further modified. In general, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. The use of some of the essential features is possible within the scope of the claims attached below.
Claims (10)
1. The Trichoderma africanum strain for preventing and treating various vegetable diseases is characterized in that the Trichoderma africanum strain (Trichoderma africanum) is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, the preservation place is No. 3 of No. 1 Siro-Shih No. 1 of the sunward area in Beijing, the preservation time is 26 days at 5 months in 2021, and the preservation number is CGMCC No.22433.
2. A biological agent for controlling vegetable diseases, characterized in that the biological agent comprises the Trichoderma africanum or the fermentation product thereof, an auxiliary agent and a synergist according to claim 1.
3. The microbial agent according to claim 2, wherein the number of effective spores in Trichoderma africanum or a fermentation product thereof is not less than 10 10 CFU/g。
4. The biological agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the adjuvant comprises one or a combination of diatomaceous earth and wheat bran.
5. The biological agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the synergist comprises one or a combination of chitosan oligosaccharide and fulvic acid.
6. The biological agent according to claim 2, wherein the biological agent comprises 75% of Trichoderma africanum or a fermentation product thereof, 3-10% of diatomite, 10-20% of wheat bran, 1-3% of chitosan oligosaccharide and 1-5% of biochemical fulvic acid.
7. The biological agent according to claim 2, wherein the biological agent comprises 75% of Trichoderma africanum or a fermentation product thereof, 6% of diatomite, 12% of wheat bran, 3% of chitosan oligosaccharide and 4% of fulvic acid.
8. Use of trichoderma africanum according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for the control of vegetable diseases.
9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that the Trichoderma africanum is used for controlling vegetable diseases caused by fungal pathogens.
10. The use according to claim 8, wherein the Trichoderma africanum is used for controlling tomato leaf mold, tomato early blight, tomato sesame leaf spot, tomato wilt, cucumber damping-off, cucumber powdery mildew, cucumber downy mildew, and pepper blight.
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